Therapists in 23604

Photo of Ami Kraber-Phillips, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC
Ami Kraber-Phillips
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSAC
Serves Area
You have come to this site seeking relief from trauma, anxiety, depression, substance use, or a variety of other mental health related issues. Whether you are taking that initial step to begin therapy or are reengaging, seeking help can be overwhelming. I've spent more than 24 years guiding others along the therapeutic journey to self-discovery and empowerment, and have a deep appreciation for how uncomfortable those first steps can feel. To help you, I offer a personalized approach based on your internal strengths, vision, and creativity while utilizing techniques from several areas of psychology best suited to you.
You have come to this site seeking relief from trauma, anxiety, depression, substance use, or a variety of other mental health related issues. Whether you are taking that initial step to begin therapy or are reengaging, seeking help can be overwhelming. I've spent more than 24 years guiding others along the therapeutic journey to self-discovery and empowerment, and have a deep appreciation for how uncomfortable those first steps can feel. To help you, I offer a personalized approach based on your internal strengths, vision, and creativity while utilizing techniques from several areas of psychology best suited to you.
(757) 384-9517 View (757) 384-9517
Photo of Helen Hope Dillard, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Helen Hope Dillard
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Serves Area
I help clients find perspective and balance in their situations. Obstacles and challenges are really opportunities for personal growth. My specialties include working with addictions, grief/loss, couple's and family counseling, trauma and PTSD; and mood and anxiety disorders. I have a B.A. in Psychology and Master's in Counseling from the College of William and Mary. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor.
I help clients find perspective and balance in their situations. Obstacles and challenges are really opportunities for personal growth. My specialties include working with addictions, grief/loss, couple's and family counseling, trauma and PTSD; and mood and anxiety disorders. I have a B.A. in Psychology and Master's in Counseling from the College of William and Mary. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor.
(757) 345-2460 View (757) 345-2460
Photo of Jessica White, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jessica White
Pre-Licensed Professional
Serves Area
I am a Resident in Counseling with 1 year of experience in the mental health field. I specialize in providing trauma therapy, anger management, career counseling, and grief support, as well as addressing mood disorders, anxiety, depression, stress management, and client advocacy. I take a holistic approach to wellness through a trauma-informed lens, understanding that each person’s journey is unique. With over 10 years of experience in education, I developed a strong understanding of the unique challenges and opportunities that both adolescents and adults encounter.
I am a Resident in Counseling with 1 year of experience in the mental health field. I specialize in providing trauma therapy, anger management, career counseling, and grief support, as well as addressing mood disorders, anxiety, depression, stress management, and client advocacy. I take a holistic approach to wellness through a trauma-informed lens, understanding that each person’s journey is unique. With over 10 years of experience in education, I developed a strong understanding of the unique challenges and opportunities that both adolescents and adults encounter.
(757) 997-7286 View (757) 997-7286
Photo of Cindy Blacklidge, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Cindy Blacklidge
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I’m here to help you navigate life’s transitions and find clarity during uncertain times. Whether you’re stepping into parenthood, adjusting to retirement, shifting careers, or facing another major life change, it’s natural to feel overwhelmed or stuck. But transitions don’t just affect the moment you’re in, they often bring up deeper questions about who you are, what you want, and how to build a life that feels truly fulfilling. Therapy isn’t just about getting through this chapter; it’s about gaining the tools and self-awareness to navigate whatever comes next with confidence and clarity.
I’m here to help you navigate life’s transitions and find clarity during uncertain times. Whether you’re stepping into parenthood, adjusting to retirement, shifting careers, or facing another major life change, it’s natural to feel overwhelmed or stuck. But transitions don’t just affect the moment you’re in, they often bring up deeper questions about who you are, what you want, and how to build a life that feels truly fulfilling. Therapy isn’t just about getting through this chapter; it’s about gaining the tools and self-awareness to navigate whatever comes next with confidence and clarity.
(757) 210-5611 View (757) 210-5611
Photo of Krystal Calandra Symeonides, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, LSATP
Krystal Calandra Symeonides
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, LSATP
Online Only
Starting therapy can be difficult for many people, but once you take that first step, you will find it easier to open up and share your experiences and the reasons you are seeking help. I enjoy working with individuals who struggle with depression, anxiety, or any mood disorder that causes problems in their life. The goal of any therapist should be to help the client gain relief from their symptoms, maintain and enhance daily functioning, and improve quality of life.
Starting therapy can be difficult for many people, but once you take that first step, you will find it easier to open up and share your experiences and the reasons you are seeking help. I enjoy working with individuals who struggle with depression, anxiety, or any mood disorder that causes problems in their life. The goal of any therapist should be to help the client gain relief from their symptoms, maintain and enhance daily functioning, and improve quality of life.
(804) 635-2534 View (804) 635-2534
Photo of Richard Michael Swaine - Providence Counseling, Counselor, MA, LPC
Providence Counseling
Counselor, MA, LPC
Online Only
I have been a licensed professional counselor for over a decade, working with adolescents and adults in both inpatient and outpatient settings. I work with clients dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma recovery, mood disorders, relationship issues, and codependency. I focus on cognitive behavioral therapy and solution-focused therapy to develop coping skills to help you move successfully to a full and happy life. I can help you develop mindfulness practices and tools to enhance your recovery.
I have been a licensed professional counselor for over a decade, working with adolescents and adults in both inpatient and outpatient settings. I work with clients dealing with anxiety, depression, trauma recovery, mood disorders, relationship issues, and codependency. I focus on cognitive behavioral therapy and solution-focused therapy to develop coping skills to help you move successfully to a full and happy life. I can help you develop mindfulness practices and tools to enhance your recovery.
(757) 300-0859 View (757) 300-0859
Photo of Paul Anthony Sawayer - Sawayer Logistics, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Sawayer Logistics, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
By learning how to use Narrative Therapy, you will easily discover your lifes' internal and often sub-conscious beliefs that drive your values and behaviors. Together we explore which of your many self narratives can be re-created or re-structured, to provide you with a better focus nee goals, a stronger sense of purpose, and hope for future happiness. I provide you with a safe, professional, confidential and respectful experience that gives you back your energy and joy. Come work together with me.
By learning how to use Narrative Therapy, you will easily discover your lifes' internal and often sub-conscious beliefs that drive your values and behaviors. Together we explore which of your many self narratives can be re-created or re-structured, to provide you with a better focus nee goals, a stronger sense of purpose, and hope for future happiness. I provide you with a safe, professional, confidential and respectful experience that gives you back your energy and joy. Come work together with me.
(833) 729-2937 View (833) 729-2937
Photo of Jessica Ramos-Iglesias, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, PC
Jessica Ramos-Iglesias
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, PC
Online Only
At times, life can be overwhelming and confusing. Sometimes we need help to find relief from our distress, gain understanding, and develop the tools to navigate life challenges. Healing is not linear, but it is possible. I believe that true healing requires a holistic approach to improve overall well-being.
At times, life can be overwhelming and confusing. Sometimes we need help to find relief from our distress, gain understanding, and develop the tools to navigate life challenges. Healing is not linear, but it is possible. I believe that true healing requires a holistic approach to improve overall well-being.
(757) 798-7786 View (757) 798-7786
Photo of Alex Chipps, Supervisee in Clinical Social Work, MSW
Alex Chipps
Supervisee in Clinical Social Work, MSW
Online Only
You’ve learned how to achieve, push forward, and keep it all together, but sometimes it feels like you’re carrying the weight of your past and your family’s patterns too. I see you. I know what it’s like to want to break cycles and build something better for yourself, even when it feels overwhelming. As a trauma-informed therapist, I create a space where you can drop the mask and be fully yourself. I believe in the power of laughter as a genuine form of healing and understand the process is about creating a life that truly feels like yours.
You’ve learned how to achieve, push forward, and keep it all together, but sometimes it feels like you’re carrying the weight of your past and your family’s patterns too. I see you. I know what it’s like to want to break cycles and build something better for yourself, even when it feels overwhelming. As a trauma-informed therapist, I create a space where you can drop the mask and be fully yourself. I believe in the power of laughter as a genuine form of healing and understand the process is about creating a life that truly feels like yours.
(757) 906-3490 View (757) 906-3490

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Nathaniel Roach - Release Wellness, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Release Wellness
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Newport News, VA 23606
Accepting new clients. Helping clients realize their full potential is my passion. I believe in helping people experiencing mental anguish, relationship problems, trauma, advocacy burn-out, and military hardships. That assistance should not just be a job but a passion. I have that passion. I am passionate about walking with you from the first step and beyond. I have the passion needed to climb life’s mountains with you. With the right tools in your toolbox, life need not feel out of control.
Accepting new clients. Helping clients realize their full potential is my passion. I believe in helping people experiencing mental anguish, relationship problems, trauma, advocacy burn-out, and military hardships. That assistance should not just be a job but a passion. I have that passion. I am passionate about walking with you from the first step and beyond. I have the passion needed to climb life’s mountains with you. With the right tools in your toolbox, life need not feel out of control.
(757) 384-1623 View (757) 384-1623
Photo of Stephanie Barkster, Licensed Professional Counselor, LSATP
Stephanie Barkster
Licensed Professional Counselor, LSATP
Newport News, VA 23605
My goal is to work with you to gain a better sense of self. Let’s work together to improve your well-being through self exploration, guidance, education, team work and positivity. I have a focus on substance abuse therapy to assist you with your recovery.
My goal is to work with you to gain a better sense of self. Let’s work together to improve your well-being through self exploration, guidance, education, team work and positivity. I have a focus on substance abuse therapy to assist you with your recovery.
(757) 799-1317 View (757) 799-1317
Photo of Laura A Ponds, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, ACS
Laura A Ponds
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, ACS
1 Endorsed
Portsmouth, VA 23703
I have ove 20 years experience working with adults, children, adolescents and parents who present with a myriad of disorders. I provide individual/group outpatient psychotherapy services in the Tidewater area using a client centered perspective that focuses on my clients' strengths and goals. One of several specialties include anger management therapy for those who are court ordered and/or wish to learn ways to manage their anger. I am currently adding to my client base. I offer flexibility in scheduling sessions. I am an experienced and approved clinical supervisor seeking to add residents in counseling to my caseload as well.
I have ove 20 years experience working with adults, children, adolescents and parents who present with a myriad of disorders. I provide individual/group outpatient psychotherapy services in the Tidewater area using a client centered perspective that focuses on my clients' strengths and goals. One of several specialties include anger management therapy for those who are court ordered and/or wish to learn ways to manage their anger. I am currently adding to my client base. I offer flexibility in scheduling sessions. I am an experienced and approved clinical supervisor seeking to add residents in counseling to my caseload as well.
(757) 828-0573 View (757) 828-0573
Photo of Jessica Dennis, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Jessica Dennis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
2 Endorsed
Portsmouth, VA 23703
You’ve been holding it together for everyone else… but inside, you’re exhausted. You’re showing up for work, family, church—but you’re running on fumes. You smile when you’re supposed to, but anxiety, stress, or old wounds are simmering just under the surface. Some days you’re not even sure what you feel—just that you’re tired of feeling this way. I’m Dr. Jessica Dennis, LPC, and I help people who are tired of pretending they’re okay. My clients are often strong, capable adults who have been “the one everyone leans on” for years—but you’re finally ready to make space for yourself. I offer therapy that fits you.
You’ve been holding it together for everyone else… but inside, you’re exhausted. You’re showing up for work, family, church—but you’re running on fumes. You smile when you’re supposed to, but anxiety, stress, or old wounds are simmering just under the surface. Some days you’re not even sure what you feel—just that you’re tired of feeling this way. I’m Dr. Jessica Dennis, LPC, and I help people who are tired of pretending they’re okay. My clients are often strong, capable adults who have been “the one everyone leans on” for years—but you’re finally ready to make space for yourself. I offer therapy that fits you.
(757) 798-7327 View (757) 798-7327
Photo of Sarah Stovall - Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Norfolk, Marriage & Family Therapist
Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Norfolk
Marriage & Family Therapist
Norfolk, VA 23507
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
(757) 300-0267 View (757) 300-0267
Photo of John Diamantis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MDiv, CSOTP
John Diamantis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MDiv, CSOTP
Norfolk, VA 23502
I am comfortable and experienced at working with ages ranging from pre-teens to seniors as well as from a variety of cultures and beliefs. I integrate an eclectic, person-centered approach, am trained to use an anti-oppressive, social justice lens, and for those who desire it, faith-based. Many of my clients have trauma, mood, substance use, or personality disorders. I view therapy as a holistic process of renewal and excel at meeting people where they're at. Expect our sessions to have a feeling of natural conversation, with a dash of humor as we work to instill hope, develop solutions, and promote your healing. Let's do this!
I am comfortable and experienced at working with ages ranging from pre-teens to seniors as well as from a variety of cultures and beliefs. I integrate an eclectic, person-centered approach, am trained to use an anti-oppressive, social justice lens, and for those who desire it, faith-based. Many of my clients have trauma, mood, substance use, or personality disorders. I view therapy as a holistic process of renewal and excel at meeting people where they're at. Expect our sessions to have a feeling of natural conversation, with a dash of humor as we work to instill hope, develop solutions, and promote your healing. Let's do this!
(757) 294-8406 View (757) 294-8406
Loren Council
Psychologist, PsyD
3 Endorsed
Williamsburg, VA 23185
Have you been trying to overcome difficulties in your life only to find yourself still feeling stuck? Perhaps it is time to try something new. Therapy is a place where you can talk, think, feel, act and learn new ways of being yourself. I draw from psychodynamic and DBT (Dialectical Behavioral Therapy) approaches and invite my clients into an open experiment in which we can bring maladaptive habitual patterns into awareness and allow new ways of being to emerge.¨ I believe therapy offers the chance for an honest relationship that facilitates that change.
Have you been trying to overcome difficulties in your life only to find yourself still feeling stuck? Perhaps it is time to try something new. Therapy is a place where you can talk, think, feel, act and learn new ways of being yourself. I draw from psychodynamic and DBT (Dialectical Behavioral Therapy) approaches and invite my clients into an open experiment in which we can bring maladaptive habitual patterns into awareness and allow new ways of being to emerge.¨ I believe therapy offers the chance for an honest relationship that facilitates that change.
(757) 338-6492 View (757) 338-6492
Photo of Sara Hallberg, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSOTP
Sara Hallberg
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSOTP
1 Endorsed
Mathews, VA 23109
Are you hoping to overcome the effects of trauma? Maybe you’ve tried “trauma-informed” approaches that didn’t bring the relief you hoped for. Don’t give up—healing is possible, and finding the right trauma specialist can make all the difference. I've completed thousands of hours of training and clinical work, all focused on the best practices for treating stress and anxiety disorders. My specialties include C-PTSD, substance use, personality disorders, dissociation, chronic pain, and chronic illness. I understand how deeply stress and trauma affect the mind, body, and spirit.
Are you hoping to overcome the effects of trauma? Maybe you’ve tried “trauma-informed” approaches that didn’t bring the relief you hoped for. Don’t give up—healing is possible, and finding the right trauma specialist can make all the difference. I've completed thousands of hours of training and clinical work, all focused on the best practices for treating stress and anxiety disorders. My specialties include C-PTSD, substance use, personality disorders, dissociation, chronic pain, and chronic illness. I understand how deeply stress and trauma affect the mind, body, and spirit.
(804) 570-1606 View (804) 570-1606
Photo of Kalimah L. Perry, Resident in Counseling, LPC
Kalimah L. Perry
Resident in Counseling, LPC
Chesapeake, VA 23323
My ideal client is someone—adult or child—who feels overwhelmed by grief, loss, or emotional pain. They are someone navigating complex grief—whether from the death of a loved one, a painful breakup, or the loss of the future they hoped for. They often feel stuck, overwhelmed, or emotionally exhausted. They’re looking for a safe, compassionate space to process their emotions and begin to heal. Their goals go beyond just “feeling better”—they want to build resilience, understand their triggers, and find meaning in their pain so they can move forward with clarity, hope, and a renewed sense of purpose.
My ideal client is someone—adult or child—who feels overwhelmed by grief, loss, or emotional pain. They are someone navigating complex grief—whether from the death of a loved one, a painful breakup, or the loss of the future they hoped for. They often feel stuck, overwhelmed, or emotionally exhausted. They’re looking for a safe, compassionate space to process their emotions and begin to heal. Their goals go beyond just “feeling better”—they want to build resilience, understand their triggers, and find meaning in their pain so they can move forward with clarity, hope, and a renewed sense of purpose.
(757) 993-4686 View (757) 993-4686
Photo of Justin Steele, Psychologist, PsyD
Justin Steele
Psychologist, PsyD
Serves Area
Dr. Steele earned a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Religion, Psychology, and Sociology from The University of Findlay in 2007. He then went on to pursue some of his personal interests and earned a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in Cinema/TV Directing from Regent University in 2010. Finally, Dr. Steele earned a Master of Arts (MA) and Doctorate (Psy. D. ) in Clinical Psychology from Regent University in 2013 and 2017, respectively. During his career. Dr. Steele has served on active duty in the United States Army and completed rotations in a sleep clinic, a primary care center, and in cognitive evaluation.
Dr. Steele earned a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Religion, Psychology, and Sociology from The University of Findlay in 2007. He then went on to pursue some of his personal interests and earned a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in Cinema/TV Directing from Regent University in 2010. Finally, Dr. Steele earned a Master of Arts (MA) and Doctorate (Psy. D. ) in Clinical Psychology from Regent University in 2013 and 2017, respectively. During his career. Dr. Steele has served on active duty in the United States Army and completed rotations in a sleep clinic, a primary care center, and in cognitive evaluation.
(757) 239-3576 View (757) 239-3576
Photo of Ariel Batiste, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMSW
Ariel Batiste
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMSW
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
You don’t have to hold it all together. If you’re feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, self-doubt, trauma, or burnout — you’re not alone. I help adults, teens, and families slow down, reconnect with themselves, and find a path forward. Therapy with me is a space to exhale, feel understood, and begin healing at your own pace. Together, we’ll build tools to help you feel more grounded, confident, and in control.
You don’t have to hold it all together. If you’re feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, self-doubt, trauma, or burnout — you’re not alone. I help adults, teens, and families slow down, reconnect with themselves, and find a path forward. Therapy with me is a space to exhale, feel understood, and begin healing at your own pace. Together, we’ll build tools to help you feel more grounded, confident, and in control.
(703) 263-8359 View (703) 263-8359

See more therapy options for 23604

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 23604

< 10

Therapists in 23604 who prioritize treating:

89% Depression
89% Anxiety
78% Self Esteem
67% Relationship Issues
67% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

24 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

86% Aetna
71% Cigna and Evernorth
71% Anthem

How Therapists in 23604 see their clients

67% Online Only
33% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

75% Female
25% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 23604?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.