Therapists in 23222

Photo of Holly Megan Renes, Resident in Counseling, MA, LPC
Holly Megan Renes
Resident in Counseling, MA, LPC
2 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23222
As someone who's walked through some pretty difficult seasons myself, I know what it’s like to struggle. Before becoming a counselor, I was lucky to have people who supported me and helped me find my way forward. Now, I consider it an honor to walk alongside others as they navigate their own path toward healing and growth. I offer Christian-based counseling for those who are interested, but I also work with people from all backgrounds and beliefs, what matters most is building a space where you feel truly heard, supported, and not alone in what you’re facing.
As someone who's walked through some pretty difficult seasons myself, I know what it’s like to struggle. Before becoming a counselor, I was lucky to have people who supported me and helped me find my way forward. Now, I consider it an honor to walk alongside others as they navigate their own path toward healing and growth. I offer Christian-based counseling for those who are interested, but I also work with people from all backgrounds and beliefs, what matters most is building a space where you feel truly heard, supported, and not alone in what you’re facing.
(804) 258-6067 View (804) 258-6067
Photo of Tabitha Maus, Social Worker
Tabitha Maus
Social Worker
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23222
Hello! My name is Tabitha, and I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) supervisee dedicated to supporting adults and teens in navigating life’s challenges and achieving personal growth. With experience working with individuals facing a range of mental health concerns—including bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, substance use disorders, depression, anxiety, and PTSD—I provide a compassionate and practical approach to therapy. Therapy Specialties: Anxiety Depression Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) Substance Use Trauma and PTSD
Hello! My name is Tabitha, and I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) supervisee dedicated to supporting adults and teens in navigating life’s challenges and achieving personal growth. With experience working with individuals facing a range of mental health concerns—including bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, substance use disorders, depression, anxiety, and PTSD—I provide a compassionate and practical approach to therapy. Therapy Specialties: Anxiety Depression Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) Substance Use Trauma and PTSD
(804) 494-4982 View (804) 494-4982
Photo of Wayne David Prebor II, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Wayne David Prebor II
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Richmond, VA 23222
My approach is grounded in kindness, empathy, and collaboration. I believe therapy should be a safe, supportive space where you can explore emotions, gain insight, and build tools for resilience. Together, we’ll navigate life’s challenges and work toward a more authentic, fulfilling life. I strive to create an environment that affirms your identity, honors your story, and supports your well-being—especially in times when care and connection are more important than ever.
My approach is grounded in kindness, empathy, and collaboration. I believe therapy should be a safe, supportive space where you can explore emotions, gain insight, and build tools for resilience. Together, we’ll navigate life’s challenges and work toward a more authentic, fulfilling life. I strive to create an environment that affirms your identity, honors your story, and supports your well-being—especially in times when care and connection are more important than ever.
(571) 506-2438 View (571) 506-2438
Photo of Meera Doshi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Meera Doshi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Richmond, VA 23222
Passionate about mental health, Meera creates a supportive space where clients feel seen and heard. She draws on empathy and collaboration to guide individuals through life’s challenges and personal growth, helping them build resilience, insight, and confidence—all while fostering a warm, nonjudgmental environment. When she’s not counseling, Meera enjoys reading, cooking, hiking with her dogs, rock climbing, and trivia nights with friends.
Passionate about mental health, Meera creates a supportive space where clients feel seen and heard. She draws on empathy and collaboration to guide individuals through life’s challenges and personal growth, helping them build resilience, insight, and confidence—all while fostering a warm, nonjudgmental environment. When she’s not counseling, Meera enjoys reading, cooking, hiking with her dogs, rock climbing, and trivia nights with friends.
(804) 570-1582 View (804) 570-1582
Photo of Julia Elizabeth Bondi, Pre-Licensed Professional
Julia Elizabeth Bondi
Pre-Licensed Professional
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23222
I became a counselor because I believe that people are capable of change, that mental healing can happen, and that everyone deserves to be accompanied in suffering. As a graduate intern, I am committed to learning alongside each of my clients about their specific concern and discovering effective pathways towards health and flourishing. I offer Christian counseling to those who are interested but welcome clients from all religious backgrounds. It is my hope that clients leave counseling feeling supported, empowered, and encouraged.
I became a counselor because I believe that people are capable of change, that mental healing can happen, and that everyone deserves to be accompanied in suffering. As a graduate intern, I am committed to learning alongside each of my clients about their specific concern and discovering effective pathways towards health and flourishing. I offer Christian counseling to those who are interested but welcome clients from all religious backgrounds. It is my hope that clients leave counseling feeling supported, empowered, and encouraged.
(804) 408-4765 View (804) 408-4765
Photo of Erica Lurry - Dynamic Journey Therapeutic Solutions, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Dynamic Journey Therapeutic Solutions
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Richmond, VA 23222
We strive to provide adequate culturally informed mental health treatment. Utilizing a person-centered strengths based approach, our goal is to help clients and family’s preserve their dignity and self-worth on their healing journey.
We strive to provide adequate culturally informed mental health treatment. Utilizing a person-centered strengths based approach, our goal is to help clients and family’s preserve their dignity and self-worth on their healing journey.
(804) 348-1005 View (804) 348-1005
Photo of Dalesa Rueda - Inspired and Free, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Inspired and Free
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
7 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23222
At Inspired & Free, the goal is to help clients to become to the best versions of themselves. We help you to uncover the mental and emotional blocks that prevent you from manifesting the life that you truly deserve, in all areas of your life. We help you "take off the mask", uncovering your authentic self. A diverse & inclusive therapy practice dedicated to supporting you on your journey to well-being, our team consists entirely of therapists of color, bringing a wealth of personal & professional experience to address your unique needs. Our therapists are experienced professionals who understand your unique challenges.
At Inspired & Free, the goal is to help clients to become to the best versions of themselves. We help you to uncover the mental and emotional blocks that prevent you from manifesting the life that you truly deserve, in all areas of your life. We help you "take off the mask", uncovering your authentic self. A diverse & inclusive therapy practice dedicated to supporting you on your journey to well-being, our team consists entirely of therapists of color, bringing a wealth of personal & professional experience to address your unique needs. Our therapists are experienced professionals who understand your unique challenges.
(484) 513-2083 View (484) 513-2083
Photo of Gardner L McCullough - Catalyst Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, CFRC
Catalyst Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, CFRC
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23222
Now accepting new patients! If you are someone who is overwhelmed by stress, stuck in emotional patterns, or unsure how to help your child or relationships. Maybe you’re a parent trying to figure out how to support your child through anxiety or mood changes. Maybe you’re juggling the weight of work, family, and private pain and don’t recognize yourself anymore. Or perhaps you’ve gone through something hard in the past and it still finds its way into the present. You want things to feel lighter and clearer, and you’re looking for a therapist who listens, understands, and can help you grow, heal, and rebuild trust in yourself again.
Now accepting new patients! If you are someone who is overwhelmed by stress, stuck in emotional patterns, or unsure how to help your child or relationships. Maybe you’re a parent trying to figure out how to support your child through anxiety or mood changes. Maybe you’re juggling the weight of work, family, and private pain and don’t recognize yourself anymore. Or perhaps you’ve gone through something hard in the past and it still finds its way into the present. You want things to feel lighter and clearer, and you’re looking for a therapist who listens, understands, and can help you grow, heal, and rebuild trust in yourself again.
(571) 506-4086 View (571) 506-4086
Photo of Alexandra Cromer, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Alexandra Cromer
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Serves Area
I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with 4 years of experience partnering with adults, families, adolescents, and couples seeking help with depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and trauma-related disorders. I completed my Bachelor of Science (BS) in Psychology at Virginia Tech and my Master of Education (MEd) in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at the College of William & Mary.
I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with 4 years of experience partnering with adults, families, adolescents, and couples seeking help with depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and trauma-related disorders. I completed my Bachelor of Science (BS) in Psychology at Virginia Tech and my Master of Education (MEd) in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at the College of William & Mary.
(804) 626-9670 View (804) 626-9670
Photo of Rosa Campbell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rosa Campbell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
I am a Licensed Master Social Work Supervisee with 28 years of experience supporting individuals and families through life’s challenges. I have worked with people facing anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, and relationship issues, and I provide compassionate, client-centered care. My focus is on helping you rediscover your strengths, build resilience, and move toward healing. I am committed to creating a safe, supportive space where you feel understood, valued, and empowered to grow.
I am a Licensed Master Social Work Supervisee with 28 years of experience supporting individuals and families through life’s challenges. I have worked with people facing anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, and relationship issues, and I provide compassionate, client-centered care. My focus is on helping you rediscover your strengths, build resilience, and move toward healing. I am committed to creating a safe, supportive space where you feel understood, valued, and empowered to grow.
(804) 373-4867 View (804) 373-4867
Photo of Charlie Koah, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CRC
Charlie Koah
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CRC
Serves Area
I have worked as a counselor for over 30 years providing individual, marital and family counseling. I am a "Problem Solver". My goal is to help work though whatever the problem is so life can move forward. Too many people become "stuck". We need to learn to solve what we can and move past what we cannot. Life is too short to spend it in a state of unhappiness. I do not make demands or pressure. I listen. But I will give guidance and opinions. Many individuals become anxious or depressed as life or relationships can drain you empty.
I have worked as a counselor for over 30 years providing individual, marital and family counseling. I am a "Problem Solver". My goal is to help work though whatever the problem is so life can move forward. Too many people become "stuck". We need to learn to solve what we can and move past what we cannot. Life is too short to spend it in a state of unhappiness. I do not make demands or pressure. I listen. But I will give guidance and opinions. Many individuals become anxious or depressed as life or relationships can drain you empty.
(757) 210-7046 View (757) 210-7046
Photo of John H Weaver, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LSATP, EMDR-C, CCTP, CAADC
John H Weaver
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LSATP, EMDR-C, CCTP, CAADC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Life’s challenges may cause us to react and respond in many different ways. Our current situation may or may not be in our immediate control, but when we look at our life, long-term, it will be the decisions that we make today that set the course of the overall outcome. Experiencing depression, anxiety, grief, confusion, and frustration (to name a few) may be a part of that journey, but you do not have to go down that road alone. It's important to have a safe and confidential space to work through challenges, become more resilient, and come out on the other side with confidence and skills to manage the situations you face.
Life’s challenges may cause us to react and respond in many different ways. Our current situation may or may not be in our immediate control, but when we look at our life, long-term, it will be the decisions that we make today that set the course of the overall outcome. Experiencing depression, anxiety, grief, confusion, and frustration (to name a few) may be a part of that journey, but you do not have to go down that road alone. It's important to have a safe and confidential space to work through challenges, become more resilient, and come out on the other side with confidence and skills to manage the situations you face.
(804) 315-2893 View (804) 315-2893
Photo of Bridget Dunnavant, Psychologist, PhD, LCP
Bridget Dunnavant
Psychologist, PhD, LCP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I offer individual, couples, and group therapy. In addition to ameliorating symptoms, decreasing emotional pain, and helping to solve difficult problems, experiential therapy, along with mindfulness and somatic awareness can facilitate significant personal growth and increased wellness. My approach is broadly humanistic, meaning we seek together in a safe and secure environment, mutual understanding of you as a whole person, honing your internal "voice" and tapping into your existing strengths. Once we identify who you really are inside and what is most important to you, the path to bringing your life into alignment becomes clearer.
I offer individual, couples, and group therapy. In addition to ameliorating symptoms, decreasing emotional pain, and helping to solve difficult problems, experiential therapy, along with mindfulness and somatic awareness can facilitate significant personal growth and increased wellness. My approach is broadly humanistic, meaning we seek together in a safe and secure environment, mutual understanding of you as a whole person, honing your internal "voice" and tapping into your existing strengths. Once we identify who you really are inside and what is most important to you, the path to bringing your life into alignment becomes clearer.
(804) 793-8685 View (804) 793-8685
Photo of Jess Lee, Social Work, MSW
Jess Lee
Social Work, MSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Seeking therapy as an LGBTQIA+ person can be exhausting and even painful — not just because of what you're carrying, but because too often, you've had to wonder if the person across from you will truly understand, affirm, or accept you. You may have had to explain or experience subtle erasures of your identity or face judgment or dismissal when you were simply hoping to get help for anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationships. I am committed to providing a different experience in therapy. I believe that meaningful change begins in spaces where we’re welcomed as our whole selves — seen, heard, valued, and respected!
Seeking therapy as an LGBTQIA+ person can be exhausting and even painful — not just because of what you're carrying, but because too often, you've had to wonder if the person across from you will truly understand, affirm, or accept you. You may have had to explain or experience subtle erasures of your identity or face judgment or dismissal when you were simply hoping to get help for anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationships. I am committed to providing a different experience in therapy. I believe that meaningful change begins in spaces where we’re welcomed as our whole selves — seen, heard, valued, and respected!
(804) 626-5542 View (804) 626-5542
Photo of Latoya Harris - Heedful Resolutions Behavioral Health Services , Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Heedful Resolutions Behavioral Health Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
As the demands of life are constantly changing and the feelings of uncertainty loom over your day to day activities, one may feel overwhelmed , stuck, anxious, irritated and annoyed to name a few. These feelings may make the simplest of task, seem so difficult. Please know, you are not alone. If you can relate to any of the sentiments above and ready to receive support, allow me the opportunity through various interventions to quiet the mind, so that you can connect to you.
As the demands of life are constantly changing and the feelings of uncertainty loom over your day to day activities, one may feel overwhelmed , stuck, anxious, irritated and annoyed to name a few. These feelings may make the simplest of task, seem so difficult. Please know, you are not alone. If you can relate to any of the sentiments above and ready to receive support, allow me the opportunity through various interventions to quiet the mind, so that you can connect to you.
(804) 207-4516 View (804) 207-4516
Photo of Talaya Mclean - Changing Lives Therapeutic Service, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Changing Lives Therapeutic Service
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Serves Area
My ideal client is someone who is navigating challenges such as managing anxiety, depression, or stress, healing from past trauma, improving relationships, or seeking clarity during a life transition. Their needs often include a safe, nonjudgmental space to process their emotions, practical tools to manage their struggles, and guidance to help them develop healthier coping mechanisms and thought patterns. Their goals may include finding emotional stability, building resilience, enhancing self-awareness, improving communication skills, or fostering a deeper sense of self-acceptance and confidence.
My ideal client is someone who is navigating challenges such as managing anxiety, depression, or stress, healing from past trauma, improving relationships, or seeking clarity during a life transition. Their needs often include a safe, nonjudgmental space to process their emotions, practical tools to manage their struggles, and guidance to help them develop healthier coping mechanisms and thought patterns. Their goals may include finding emotional stability, building resilience, enhancing self-awareness, improving communication skills, or fostering a deeper sense of self-acceptance and confidence.
(434) 201-4160 View (434) 201-4160
Photo of Michael Galarraga, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR-BC, CSAC, CSOTP
Michael Galarraga
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ATR-BC, CSAC, CSOTP
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Intersection Therapy is a group private practice accepting virtual clients in PA and VA and in-person clients in Philly. Our providers focus on the mental wellbeing of individuals from marginalized identities. We focus on ensuring that we provide the LGBTQIA+, BIPOC, and Spanish speaking communities with effective mental health services to support their success. Providing Art Therapy, EMDR, and talk therapy while incorporating sensitive humor helps to understand what your mind, body, and spirit have been holding onto for so long.
Intersection Therapy is a group private practice accepting virtual clients in PA and VA and in-person clients in Philly. Our providers focus on the mental wellbeing of individuals from marginalized identities. We focus on ensuring that we provide the LGBTQIA+, BIPOC, and Spanish speaking communities with effective mental health services to support their success. Providing Art Therapy, EMDR, and talk therapy while incorporating sensitive humor helps to understand what your mind, body, and spirit have been holding onto for so long.
(215) 999-8630 View (215) 999-8630
Photo of Patrice Douglas - The Weight Room: Therapy for Black and Brown Males, Marriage & Family Therapist
The Weight Room: Therapy for Black and Brown Males
Marriage & Family Therapist
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
You’ve been carrying a lot—stress, relationship struggles, life transitions, or the weight of expectations. Maybe communication keeps breaking down, trust has been shaken, or you feel stuck with no clear direction. You want change, but figuring it out alone feels overwhelming. Deep down, you want peace, clarity, and confidence in your next steps. Whether it’s rebuilding after infidelity, navigating fatherhood, or breaking cycles of frustration, you’re ready for something different. Therapy shouldn’t feel like another burden—it should be a space where you can lay it down, sort through it, and come back stronger.
You’ve been carrying a lot—stress, relationship struggles, life transitions, or the weight of expectations. Maybe communication keeps breaking down, trust has been shaken, or you feel stuck with no clear direction. You want change, but figuring it out alone feels overwhelming. Deep down, you want peace, clarity, and confidence in your next steps. Whether it’s rebuilding after infidelity, navigating fatherhood, or breaking cycles of frustration, you’re ready for something different. Therapy shouldn’t feel like another burden—it should be a space where you can lay it down, sort through it, and come back stronger.
(737) 302-4574 View (737) 302-4574
Photo of Megan Miller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Megan Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Serves Area
I am a Licensed Master Social Worker with over 2 years of direct clinical experience. I specialize in mental health treatment, including depression, anxiety, PTSD, panic disorders, and child behavioral challenges. I also have experience providing crisis support and stabilization for children, adolescents, and adults. I strive to create a safe and affirming space where clients feel supported as they work toward their goals.
I am a Licensed Master Social Worker with over 2 years of direct clinical experience. I specialize in mental health treatment, including depression, anxiety, PTSD, panic disorders, and child behavioral challenges. I also have experience providing crisis support and stabilization for children, adolescents, and adults. I strive to create a safe and affirming space where clients feel supported as they work toward their goals.
(804) 507-5134 View (804) 507-5134
Photo of Lynkethia Ames, Pre-Licensed Professional
Lynkethia Ames
Pre-Licensed Professional
Serves Area
I am a Resident in Counseling with 2 years of experience. I specialize in helping children, adolescents, and adults navigate challenges related to depression, anxiety, oppositional defiant disorder, anger, relationship issues, parenting challenges, life transitions, behavioral problems, and mood disorders. I have served clients in in-home therapeutic services, outpatient therapy, and family therapy. I view life's challenges as part of the human experience that allows individuals to grow.
I am a Resident in Counseling with 2 years of experience. I specialize in helping children, adolescents, and adults navigate challenges related to depression, anxiety, oppositional defiant disorder, anger, relationship issues, parenting challenges, life transitions, behavioral problems, and mood disorders. I have served clients in in-home therapeutic services, outpatient therapy, and family therapy. I view life's challenges as part of the human experience that allows individuals to grow.
(804) 494-7464 View (804) 494-7464

See more therapy options for 23222

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 23222

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 23222 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
77% Trauma and PTSD
75% Relationship Issues
75% Coping Skills
74% Stress
73% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

91% Aetna
78% BlueCross and BlueShield
77% Anthem

How Therapists in 23222 see their clients

54% Online Only
46% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

85% Female
13% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 23222?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.