Therapists in 22973

Photo of Tamara Zeiger Coyle - Caledonia Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Caledonia Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Stanardsville, VA 22973
I believe that life is magic, and hard! The more support we have the better we can navigate its ups and downs. Growing up in rural Arkansas gave me a unique perspective that has evolved as I have relocated to Virginia, Philadelphia, Ireland and Connecticut, and most recently, back to the beautiful Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia. I believe that being a parent is one of life's biggest challenges as well as one of its greatest joys. Whether trying to handle the effects of our own parents' parenting of us, or navigating the sometimes stormy waters as a parent of your own children, the more support you have, the better job you can do.
I believe that life is magic, and hard! The more support we have the better we can navigate its ups and downs. Growing up in rural Arkansas gave me a unique perspective that has evolved as I have relocated to Virginia, Philadelphia, Ireland and Connecticut, and most recently, back to the beautiful Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia. I believe that being a parent is one of life's biggest challenges as well as one of its greatest joys. Whether trying to handle the effects of our own parents' parenting of us, or navigating the sometimes stormy waters as a parent of your own children, the more support you have, the better job you can do.
(434) 505-4822 View (434) 505-4822
Photo of Wister Todd Mitchelson, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LSATP
Wister Todd Mitchelson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LSATP
Stanardsville, VA 22973
As a therapist, I have extensive experience working with at risk youth, crisis, mental health and addiction counseling working as a TDT (Therapeutic Day Treatment) Clinician, Program Manager, and Clinician within the county’s mental health and substance abuse treatment system. I enjoy utilizing my training in CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), MI (Motivational Interviewing) via Eclectic Counselling techniques to produce a structure towards daily wellness. I also am registered with VSAP as a Service Provider and as a Licensed Substance Abuse Practitioner assisting individuals struggling with substance abuse.
As a therapist, I have extensive experience working with at risk youth, crisis, mental health and addiction counseling working as a TDT (Therapeutic Day Treatment) Clinician, Program Manager, and Clinician within the county’s mental health and substance abuse treatment system. I enjoy utilizing my training in CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), MI (Motivational Interviewing) via Eclectic Counselling techniques to produce a structure towards daily wellness. I also am registered with VSAP as a Service Provider and as a Licensed Substance Abuse Practitioner assisting individuals struggling with substance abuse.
(434) 443-6531 View (434) 443-6531
Photo of Heather Dumas, Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, LPC
Heather Dumas
Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, LPC
Stanardsville, VA 22973
Are you struggling to manage your emotions? Would you like to have healthier, more fulfilling relationships in your life? I can help! The way I see my role in counseling is walking alongside you, supporting you in meeting your goals and making the changes you want in your life. I can help you process through current and past situations and relationships, and can offer an outside, unbiased, and non-judgmental perspective on things. In addition, I can suggest new ways of thinking and behaving that may help you be better able to cope with negative emotions, and can provide new strategies for you to try.
Are you struggling to manage your emotions? Would you like to have healthier, more fulfilling relationships in your life? I can help! The way I see my role in counseling is walking alongside you, supporting you in meeting your goals and making the changes you want in your life. I can help you process through current and past situations and relationships, and can offer an outside, unbiased, and non-judgmental perspective on things. In addition, I can suggest new ways of thinking and behaving that may help you be better able to cope with negative emotions, and can provide new strategies for you to try.
(434) 216-3421 View (434) 216-3421
Photo of Jen Patterson, Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW-S
Jen Patterson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW-S
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
An old folktale tells of a Selkie—a seal who comes ashore, sheds her skin, and forgets where she’s hidden it, losing the way back to her true home. Without it, she feels lost, aching for a home she can’t quite name. We, too, can lose touch with our true selves, lost under the depths of sorrow, overwhelm, and painful experiences. This isn’t failure—it’s a sign of the tender places within us asking for care and remembrance. Together, we’ll slow down and listen, honoring your way of feeling, thinking, and sensing—making space for the authenticity and inner knowing that have always been within you.
An old folktale tells of a Selkie—a seal who comes ashore, sheds her skin, and forgets where she’s hidden it, losing the way back to her true home. Without it, she feels lost, aching for a home she can’t quite name. We, too, can lose touch with our true selves, lost under the depths of sorrow, overwhelm, and painful experiences. This isn’t failure—it’s a sign of the tender places within us asking for care and remembrance. Together, we’ll slow down and listen, honoring your way of feeling, thinking, and sensing—making space for the authenticity and inner knowing that have always been within you.
(434) 608-9404 View (434) 608-9404
Photo of Jordan Wilson, Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, LPC-R
Jordan Wilson
Licensed Professional Counselor, M Ed, LPC-R
Serves Area
I enjoy working with teenagers and adults of various backgrounds. I connect with individuals who are struggling with anxiety, depression, shame, self-esteem, relationships with others, and trauma. I use a variety of techniques and modalities that are best fit for each person to help clients reclaim their narratives, deconstruct the systems that contributed to their current struggles, and embrace their inner strength. While our work together may involve some gentle challenges, it is always empathetic and collaborative. Together, we will help build the confidence and empowerment you are (and always have been) worthy of.
I enjoy working with teenagers and adults of various backgrounds. I connect with individuals who are struggling with anxiety, depression, shame, self-esteem, relationships with others, and trauma. I use a variety of techniques and modalities that are best fit for each person to help clients reclaim their narratives, deconstruct the systems that contributed to their current struggles, and embrace their inner strength. While our work together may involve some gentle challenges, it is always empathetic and collaborative. Together, we will help build the confidence and empowerment you are (and always have been) worthy of.
(434) 722-3712 View (434) 722-3712
Photo of Carol Lynn Nelson - Carol Nelson, LCSW, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CCTP
Carol Nelson, LCSW, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CCTP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I feel the client is the expert on themselves, thus, I believe in a client centered approach. My passion is guiding those with trauma to heal whether the trauma is a simple trauma or complex. I utilize various modalities depending on the individual and the circumstances. I have treated severe trauma, PTSD, mood disorders, dual diagnosed patients, families, couples, and other client centered issues.
I feel the client is the expert on themselves, thus, I believe in a client centered approach. My passion is guiding those with trauma to heal whether the trauma is a simple trauma or complex. I utilize various modalities depending on the individual and the circumstances. I have treated severe trauma, PTSD, mood disorders, dual diagnosed patients, families, couples, and other client centered issues.
(434) 990-4163 View (434) 990-4163

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Stephanie Johnson, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Stephanie Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
Hello, my name is Stephanie Johnson, MA, LPC. Thank you for choosing me to walk alongside you for one of the greatest challenges of your life. You have made a wonderful choice of putting yourself first! I have been working with men, women, and families for the past 20 years and am dedicated to helping people heal themselves and restore family units. My style of therapy is very eclectic and person-centered, meaning, I focus on the needs of the individual rather than using the same approach for each person.
Hello, my name is Stephanie Johnson, MA, LPC. Thank you for choosing me to walk alongside you for one of the greatest challenges of your life. You have made a wonderful choice of putting yourself first! I have been working with men, women, and families for the past 20 years and am dedicated to helping people heal themselves and restore family units. My style of therapy is very eclectic and person-centered, meaning, I focus on the needs of the individual rather than using the same approach for each person.
(571) 568-7783 View (571) 568-7783
Photo of Doreen M Nagurny, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Doreen M Nagurny
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Serves Area
Doreen earned her Bachelor's degree in Psychology from Cornell University and her Masters of Science degree in Mental Health Counseling from Divine Mercy University. She is a National Certified counselor and a member of American Counseling Association (ACA) as a licensed professional counselor. Doreen has a broad experience handling a wide spectrum of neurological and psychological conditions. She treats children, teens, adults, and couples presenting with anxiety, depression, adoption, ADHD, trauma, and behavioral and relationship issues. Additionally, she works with adults with memory/dementia challenges and their families.
Doreen earned her Bachelor's degree in Psychology from Cornell University and her Masters of Science degree in Mental Health Counseling from Divine Mercy University. She is a National Certified counselor and a member of American Counseling Association (ACA) as a licensed professional counselor. Doreen has a broad experience handling a wide spectrum of neurological and psychological conditions. She treats children, teens, adults, and couples presenting with anxiety, depression, adoption, ADHD, trauma, and behavioral and relationship issues. Additionally, she works with adults with memory/dementia challenges and their families.
(540) 516-3385 View (540) 516-3385
Photo of Jennifer Kem, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jennifer Kem
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Serves Area
In this social work teletherapy practice, I am committed to breaking down barriers and delivering compassionate support to individuals from all walks of life. My mission is to provide accessible and client-focused teletherapy services that empower individuals to navigate life's challenges, enhance their well-being, and build resilient, thriving communities. I strive to create a virtual space where clients feel heard, valued, and understood. Through evidence-based practices and and a strengths-based approach, I aim to collaborate with clients in achieving their goals, fostering positive change, and promoting social justice.
In this social work teletherapy practice, I am committed to breaking down barriers and delivering compassionate support to individuals from all walks of life. My mission is to provide accessible and client-focused teletherapy services that empower individuals to navigate life's challenges, enhance their well-being, and build resilient, thriving communities. I strive to create a virtual space where clients feel heard, valued, and understood. Through evidence-based practices and and a strengths-based approach, I aim to collaborate with clients in achieving their goals, fostering positive change, and promoting social justice.
(775) 245-6942 View (775) 245-6942
Photo of Nina Siebens, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Nina Siebens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Have you ever wondered if life could be better? As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with over 20 years of experience, I am passionate about helping people access their strengths to create a more fulfilling life. Using client-centered solutions, mindfulness, cognitive behavioral techniques, arts, relaxation, and meditation, I provide practical tools to support grounding, centering, and personal growth. My goal is to empower you with effective strategies that help you overcome challenges and reach your goals with confidence and clarity.
Have you ever wondered if life could be better? As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with over 20 years of experience, I am passionate about helping people access their strengths to create a more fulfilling life. Using client-centered solutions, mindfulness, cognitive behavioral techniques, arts, relaxation, and meditation, I provide practical tools to support grounding, centering, and personal growth. My goal is to empower you with effective strategies that help you overcome challenges and reach your goals with confidence and clarity.
(540) 386-1402 View (540) 386-1402
Photo of Ariel Meaney, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Ariel Meaney
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Charlottesville, VA 22902
My name is Ariel, and I am a proud Marine Corps Veteran and the spouse of an Active Duty Marine. With over 17 years of combined experience serving on active duty and supporting as a Military Spouse, I have developed a deep passion for helping the Military and First Responder communities. My personal experiences, along with those of my family members who have also served, have shown me the profound challenges this often-overlooked population faces.
My name is Ariel, and I am a proud Marine Corps Veteran and the spouse of an Active Duty Marine. With over 17 years of combined experience serving on active duty and supporting as a Military Spouse, I have developed a deep passion for helping the Military and First Responder communities. My personal experiences, along with those of my family members who have also served, have shown me the profound challenges this often-overlooked population faces.
(434) 443-6759 View (434) 443-6759
Photo of Susan E Bedell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACHP-SW, CAGCS, LMSW-C
Susan E Bedell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACHP-SW, CAGCS, LMSW-C
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Finding the right counselor can be challenging. I specialize in counseling around grief and loss as well as life transitions such as job changes, moving, divorce, etc. I work with adults and older adults. I offer "walk and talk" sessions as well as traditional office sessions for those near Lexington, VA. I also offer telehealth sessions to people in Virginia and Michigan.
Finding the right counselor can be challenging. I specialize in counseling around grief and loss as well as life transitions such as job changes, moving, divorce, etc. I work with adults and older adults. I offer "walk and talk" sessions as well as traditional office sessions for those near Lexington, VA. I also offer telehealth sessions to people in Virginia and Michigan.
(540) 572-7874 View (540) 572-7874
Photo of Rachel Hoover, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Rachel Hoover
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Crozet, VA 22932
I provide therapy to older teens, adults, and couples who have diverse reasons for seeking therapy, including mental health support, personal growth, and conflict and communication issues. I especially enjoy working with individuals who want support for managing stress and anxiety, for navigating life transitions, and for processing and healing from traumatic experiences. My hope is that the work we do together will help you in better understanding yourself and feeling empowered to make meaningful changes in your life.
I provide therapy to older teens, adults, and couples who have diverse reasons for seeking therapy, including mental health support, personal growth, and conflict and communication issues. I especially enjoy working with individuals who want support for managing stress and anxiety, for navigating life transitions, and for processing and healing from traumatic experiences. My hope is that the work we do together will help you in better understanding yourself and feeling empowered to make meaningful changes in your life.
(757) 693-4708 View (757) 693-4708
Photo of MacKenzie Dressing - Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Serves Area
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why Lifebulb exists - our therapists truly enjoy their work, so you can receive the highest quality therapy services. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals. And we're looking forward to hearing from you soon!
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why Lifebulb exists - our therapists truly enjoy their work, so you can receive the highest quality therapy services. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals. And we're looking forward to hearing from you soon!
(757) 720-2593 View (757) 720-2593
Photo of Becky Snead, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, EdS, LPC, CSAC
Becky Snead
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, EdS, LPC, CSAC
1 Endorsed
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
Welcome! I provide care for adults dealing with a wide range of issues, including anxiety and depression, trauma, grief, and identity development. I strive to create a genuine, trusting therapeutic alliance with my clients, where they can freely express themselves without fear of judgment. With extensive training and experience in client-centered and emotion-focused therapies, I offer a safe, warm, empathetic, and non-judgmental environment where clients can explore emotions, gain insight into thoughts and behaviors, and identify strengths to manage life's challenges.
Welcome! I provide care for adults dealing with a wide range of issues, including anxiety and depression, trauma, grief, and identity development. I strive to create a genuine, trusting therapeutic alliance with my clients, where they can freely express themselves without fear of judgment. With extensive training and experience in client-centered and emotion-focused therapies, I offer a safe, warm, empathetic, and non-judgmental environment where clients can explore emotions, gain insight into thoughts and behaviors, and identify strengths to manage life's challenges.
(540) 625-1404 View (540) 625-1404
Photo of Kylie Delpercio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kylie Delpercio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I feel as though therapy works best with a combination of genuine connection and targeted therapeutic interventions. I believe in creating a warm, empathetic environment where clients feel understood and supported as they explore their thoughts, emotions, and challenges. My therapeutic style is collaborative and flexible, focusing on building a strong therapeutic relationship while providing effective tools to help clients overcome obstacles and achieve their goals.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I feel as though therapy works best with a combination of genuine connection and targeted therapeutic interventions. I believe in creating a warm, empathetic environment where clients feel understood and supported as they explore their thoughts, emotions, and challenges. My therapeutic style is collaborative and flexible, focusing on building a strong therapeutic relationship while providing effective tools to help clients overcome obstacles and achieve their goals.
(804) 636-3814 View (804) 636-3814
Photo of Kathryn Litten - Litten Psychology, EdS, NCSP
Litten Psychology
Verified Verified
Bridgewater, VA 22812
Do you or your child have problems in school? Have you ever wondered if there could be a learning or attention problem affecting academic performance? Are you a college student who needs help securing academic accommodations? Litten Psychology provides psychological and educational testing for students of all ages and at all levels, preschool through graduate school.
Do you or your child have problems in school? Have you ever wondered if there could be a learning or attention problem affecting academic performance? Are you a college student who needs help securing academic accommodations? Litten Psychology provides psychological and educational testing for students of all ages and at all levels, preschool through graduate school.
(540) 426-3928 View (540) 426-3928
Photo of Morgan Clare, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Morgan Clare
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Charlottesville, VA 22911
I'm passionate about working with adolescents and adults who are struggling with low self esteem, anxiety, depression, as well as intimate partner violence. I use clinically proven techniques such as Emotion-Focused Therapy and mindfulness to provide Trauma-Informed Care to those who are struggling to cope with mental health issues.
I'm passionate about working with adolescents and adults who are struggling with low self esteem, anxiety, depression, as well as intimate partner violence. I use clinically proven techniques such as Emotion-Focused Therapy and mindfulness to provide Trauma-Informed Care to those who are struggling to cope with mental health issues.
(434) 223-9037 View (434) 223-9037
Photo of Ginger Neff, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Ginger Neff
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Harrisonburg, VA 22801
**I am excited to announce the creation of Harrisonburg Center for Healing! Please visit our Psychology Today profile to learn more about the group practice! As a solution-focused therapist, my goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating. While we can't change difficult situations of the past, we can work together to better understand and resolve challenges in your life. By applying complementary therapy approaches and techniques, we will unearth long-standing behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a more fulfilling and meaningful life.
**I am excited to announce the creation of Harrisonburg Center for Healing! Please visit our Psychology Today profile to learn more about the group practice! As a solution-focused therapist, my goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating. While we can't change difficult situations of the past, we can work together to better understand and resolve challenges in your life. By applying complementary therapy approaches and techniques, we will unearth long-standing behavior patterns or negative perceptions that may be holding you back from experiencing a more fulfilling and meaningful life.
(540) 904-4141 View (540) 904-4141
Photo of Megan Kiernan, Resident in Counseling, MEd
Megan Kiernan
Resident in Counseling, MEd
1 Endorsed
Charlottesville, VA 22902
I specialize in helping adults, couples and older teens (16+) who are struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, self-esteem and trauma. I provide a nurturing, tender and understanding space in which our connection creates the safety for growth to occur. In our work together, we will discover and cultivate your wise, confident, and compassionate internal voice. A voice that each of us possess within ourselves. In my work with couples, I focus on cultivating loving intimacy, mindfulness, and a deeper understanding of the dynamics within your relationship that create challenges. I also enjoy premarital counseling.
I specialize in helping adults, couples and older teens (16+) who are struggling with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, self-esteem and trauma. I provide a nurturing, tender and understanding space in which our connection creates the safety for growth to occur. In our work together, we will discover and cultivate your wise, confident, and compassionate internal voice. A voice that each of us possess within ourselves. In my work with couples, I focus on cultivating loving intimacy, mindfulness, and a deeper understanding of the dynamics within your relationship that create challenges. I also enjoy premarital counseling.
(434) 202-4277 View (434) 202-4277

See more therapy options for 22973

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 22973

< 10

Therapists in 22973 who prioritize treating:

100% Stress
83% Anxiety
83% Coping Skills
83% Life Transitions
67% Depression
67% ADHD
67% Parenting

Average years in practice

19 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Cigna and Evernorth
60% Aetna
60% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in 22973 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

84% Female
16% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 22973?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.