Photo of Shannon Fowler, LCP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shannon Fowler
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCP
Verified Verified
Aroda, VA 22709
I am Shannon Fowler. I have a PhD in clinical psychology. I try to approach therapy as a collaborative process with each person. I also try to create an environment that is safe and respectful. I have experience entreating many different types of mental health concerns like depression, anxiety, trauma, and eating disorders. I also have experience helping with behavior change around medical issues like diabetes, obesity, chronic pain, etc.
I am Shannon Fowler. I have a PhD in clinical psychology. I try to approach therapy as a collaborative process with each person. I also try to create an environment that is safe and respectful. I have experience entreating many different types of mental health concerns like depression, anxiety, trauma, and eating disorders. I also have experience helping with behavior change around medical issues like diabetes, obesity, chronic pain, etc.
(571) 605-7399 View (571) 605-7399
Photo of LeRoyal Parker, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
LeRoyal Parker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Aroda, VA 22709
LeRoyal Parker is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with a Master in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Regent University in Virginia Beach, Virginia. Theoretical approaches I use to draw from a range of evidence-based approaches, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). I believe that sometimes a smile can hide the pain that you would not want to share with anyone else. Anxiety issues, self-esteem issues, and even family issues can lead to difficulty forming lasting and healthy relationships, both personal and intimate.
LeRoyal Parker is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with a Master in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Regent University in Virginia Beach, Virginia. Theoretical approaches I use to draw from a range of evidence-based approaches, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). I believe that sometimes a smile can hide the pain that you would not want to share with anyone else. Anxiety issues, self-esteem issues, and even family issues can lead to difficulty forming lasting and healthy relationships, both personal and intimate.
(757) 993-4269 View (757) 993-4269

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Christina Urcinas, PsyD, PhD, Psychologist
Christina Urcinas
Psychologist, PsyD, PhD
Verified Verified
Eheart, VA 22923
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist with over a decade of work in national and regional hospital systems, multi-disciplinary long-term care and rehabilitation facilities, and community clinics. I collaborate with adults experiencing a variety of mental health concerns including symptoms of depression, panic disorder, generalized and social anxiety, grief and loss, trauma, adjustment and self-esteem issues, and caregiver stress. I provide individual teletherapy services only at this time with a clinical foundation primarily consisting of cognitive-behavioral interventions.
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist with over a decade of work in national and regional hospital systems, multi-disciplinary long-term care and rehabilitation facilities, and community clinics. I collaborate with adults experiencing a variety of mental health concerns including symptoms of depression, panic disorder, generalized and social anxiety, grief and loss, trauma, adjustment and self-esteem issues, and caregiver stress. I provide individual teletherapy services only at this time with a clinical foundation primarily consisting of cognitive-behavioral interventions.
(571) 701-2153 View (571) 701-2153
Photo of Marianne Redmond Lopez, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marianne Redmond Lopez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I'm all about equipping folks with the right tools to help them level up fast and in a good way. I get it—your time and money matter, so I aim to keep things organized and focused on goals. Over the years, I've worked with all sorts of people dealing with their own unique situations. My specialties? Well, I've got a knack for helping out healthcare pros, therapists, first responders, teachers, folks in high-stress gigs, couples, those facing professional challenges, and anyone going through major life shifts.
I'm all about equipping folks with the right tools to help them level up fast and in a good way. I get it—your time and money matter, so I aim to keep things organized and focused on goals. Over the years, I've worked with all sorts of people dealing with their own unique situations. My specialties? Well, I've got a knack for helping out healthcare pros, therapists, first responders, teachers, folks in high-stress gigs, couples, those facing professional challenges, and anyone going through major life shifts.
(540) 441-1374 View (540) 441-1374
Photo of Jesse G Luckett - Jesse Luckett, LPC, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jesse Luckett, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
I work with individuals and couples to help them actualize their innate qualities of goodness and wholeness. I support people who are overwhelmed with stress, anxiety, or depression, in order to help them learn to transform their life challenges into opportunities for healing and growth. Individuals and couples will learn to recognize behaviors that keep them stuck and are provided with tools to help them process difficult emotions and connect and communicate more effectively and lovingly. Through establishing a caring therapeutic relationship clients can become more confident and secure within themselves.
I work with individuals and couples to help them actualize their innate qualities of goodness and wholeness. I support people who are overwhelmed with stress, anxiety, or depression, in order to help them learn to transform their life challenges into opportunities for healing and growth. Individuals and couples will learn to recognize behaviors that keep them stuck and are provided with tools to help them process difficult emotions and connect and communicate more effectively and lovingly. Through establishing a caring therapeutic relationship clients can become more confident and secure within themselves.
(720) 466-7964 View (720) 466-7964
Photo of Keri Scribner, Licensed Professional Counselor
Keri Scribner
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello there! My name is Keri Scribner. I obtained my Master's of the Arts Degree in Community Counseling from Argosy University, and became a Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia in 2016. I am also a Virginia Board Approved Clinical Supervisor, and offer Licensed Residents in Counseling in Virginia individual clinical supervision hours toward licensure. I have extensive experience working in a private practice setting, and with providing intensive in-home and mental health support services for
Hello there! My name is Keri Scribner. I obtained my Master's of the Arts Degree in Community Counseling from Argosy University, and became a Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia in 2016. I am also a Virginia Board Approved Clinical Supervisor, and offer Licensed Residents in Counseling in Virginia individual clinical supervision hours toward licensure. I have extensive experience working in a private practice setting, and with providing intensive in-home and mental health support services for
(757) 600-6515 View (757) 600-6515
Photo of Denise Simpson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Denise Simpson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
My goal is to help you to identify the issue, process how it may be hindering you and map out a plan for how you can move forward with a "new mind, so you can enjoy a full life." I work best with the individual that is ready to say "I am vulnerable, but I am ready to do the work so I can live my best life." This may be a child or teenager struggling with depression, anxiety, or self-harm or the single mother trying to keep it together, the women who just got divorced and is to move forward, the African American male/female that simply feels misunderstood, the person of faith that's struggling, or one who has challenges within.
My goal is to help you to identify the issue, process how it may be hindering you and map out a plan for how you can move forward with a "new mind, so you can enjoy a full life." I work best with the individual that is ready to say "I am vulnerable, but I am ready to do the work so I can live my best life." This may be a child or teenager struggling with depression, anxiety, or self-harm or the single mother trying to keep it together, the women who just got divorced and is to move forward, the African American male/female that simply feels misunderstood, the person of faith that's struggling, or one who has challenges within.
(571) 540-8202 View (571) 540-8202
Photo of Kacey Wilson, PsyD, PSYPACT, Psychologist
Kacey Wilson
Psychologist, PsyD, PSYPACT
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
Dr. Kacey Wilson is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist based in Charlottesville, VA. Dr. Wilson integrates therapeutic modalities across somatic, trauma-informed, relational, and psychodynamic approaches. She offers EMDR, Somatic Experiencing, and Polyvagal techniques for individuals seeking recovery from traumatic experiences. Specialty areas include developmental trauma, interpersonal challenges, grief and loss, chronic pain, depression, anxiety, cross-cultural integration, and existential inquiries. Her approach encourages self-discovery, compassionate inquiry, growth, and integration. Inquire about interpersonal group therapy.
Dr. Kacey Wilson is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist based in Charlottesville, VA. Dr. Wilson integrates therapeutic modalities across somatic, trauma-informed, relational, and psychodynamic approaches. She offers EMDR, Somatic Experiencing, and Polyvagal techniques for individuals seeking recovery from traumatic experiences. Specialty areas include developmental trauma, interpersonal challenges, grief and loss, chronic pain, depression, anxiety, cross-cultural integration, and existential inquiries. Her approach encourages self-discovery, compassionate inquiry, growth, and integration. Inquire about interpersonal group therapy.
(434) 442-6409 View (434) 442-6409
Photo of Nadine Leonard, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nadine Leonard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
As a licensed clinical social worker, I work with individuals across the lifespan—children, teens, adults—as well as couples. I specialize in trauma and PTSD recovery, relationship challenges, interpersonal violence recovery, and adolescent life transitions. I am trained in EMDR, Brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Emotionally Focused Therapy for Couples, which allows me to provide tailored support for both individual and relational healing.
As a licensed clinical social worker, I work with individuals across the lifespan—children, teens, adults—as well as couples. I specialize in trauma and PTSD recovery, relationship challenges, interpersonal violence recovery, and adolescent life transitions. I am trained in EMDR, Brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Emotionally Focused Therapy for Couples, which allows me to provide tailored support for both individual and relational healing.
(540) 417-1851 View (540) 417-1851
Photo of Ian Masson, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ian Masson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Culpeper, VA 22701
Waitlist for new clients
Do you lack a sense of meaning in life? Do wounds or hurts from past or current experiences leave you feeling depressed, anxious, or overwhelmed? If so, you are not alone! My name is Ian, and I have practiced as a licensed professional counselor since 2016. I enjoy working with individuals, couples and families and helping them to experience growth and healing in their lives. Whether you are experiencing life stressors, relationship trouble, or are seeking growth, I collaborate with you to identify what hasn't been working! Together, we can address internal or relational factors preventing you from living a more fulfilling life!
Do you lack a sense of meaning in life? Do wounds or hurts from past or current experiences leave you feeling depressed, anxious, or overwhelmed? If so, you are not alone! My name is Ian, and I have practiced as a licensed professional counselor since 2016. I enjoy working with individuals, couples and families and helping them to experience growth and healing in their lives. Whether you are experiencing life stressors, relationship trouble, or are seeking growth, I collaborate with you to identify what hasn't been working! Together, we can address internal or relational factors preventing you from living a more fulfilling life!
(703) 686-8246 View (703) 686-8246
Photo of Penelope Davis, LMHP-R, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Penelope Davis
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMHP-R, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Life moves swiftly, and it can be especially tough when we find ourselves trapped in outdated patterns that no longer benefit us. This often leads to feelings of disconnection, being unheard, and feeling unseen, causing us to question our identity and values. We may struggle with what it means to be our authentic selves, especially when we lack a space where we can truly express who we are. In the whirlwind of our fast-paced lives, it’s easy to feel lost. Therapy is the place to understand yourself. A good therapist can help give you alternative perspectives, support your goals, and help you see yourself in a new light.
Life moves swiftly, and it can be especially tough when we find ourselves trapped in outdated patterns that no longer benefit us. This often leads to feelings of disconnection, being unheard, and feeling unseen, causing us to question our identity and values. We may struggle with what it means to be our authentic selves, especially when we lack a space where we can truly express who we are. In the whirlwind of our fast-paced lives, it’s easy to feel lost. Therapy is the place to understand yourself. A good therapist can help give you alternative perspectives, support your goals, and help you see yourself in a new light.
(804) 201-4920 View (804) 201-4920
Photo of Claire Hopkins, MA, EdS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Claire Hopkins
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, EdS, LPC
Verified Verified
Not accepting new clients
As a counselor, I understand that trauma occurs at any age, in many different forms. It can be overt, in the case of physical abuse and death; ambiguous, in the form of divorce, break-ups, peer pressure, bullying and the impact of social media. It can also be entirely hidden from our consciousness. Counseling is a way to approach and connect with trauma in a safe place. It is a way to help yourself heal.
As a counselor, I understand that trauma occurs at any age, in many different forms. It can be overt, in the case of physical abuse and death; ambiguous, in the form of divorce, break-ups, peer pressure, bullying and the impact of social media. It can also be entirely hidden from our consciousness. Counseling is a way to approach and connect with trauma in a safe place. It is a way to help yourself heal.
(207) 747-3151 View (207) 747-3151
Photo of Jess McLaughlin, MSEd, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jess McLaughlin
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSEd
Verified Verified
No matter what brings you to therapy, life’s challenges have layers of complexity and depth. In our work together, we’ll focus on what’s causing you pain right now while exploring the experiences and patterns that have shaped your life. As we make sense of these, you’ll begin to find new ways of thinking, feeling, and being that bring more ease, connection, and meaning to your life.
No matter what brings you to therapy, life’s challenges have layers of complexity and depth. In our work together, we’ll focus on what’s causing you pain right now while exploring the experiences and patterns that have shaped your life. As we make sense of these, you’ll begin to find new ways of thinking, feeling, and being that bring more ease, connection, and meaning to your life.
(434) 207-8823 View (434) 207-8823
Photo of Michael Shifter - Forge Counseling Group, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Forge Counseling Group
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
You can do this! You can face this! You have the tools! And, I'm here to help carry this burden for a time while assisting you to identify and grow your tools and skills to become stronger, wiser, and more capable to pursue that which is good and true in life. Yes, depression, anxiety, trauma, and numerous other internal and external barriers can seem overwhelming when trying to navigate daily life alone-- so, let's do this together then!
You can do this! You can face this! You have the tools! And, I'm here to help carry this burden for a time while assisting you to identify and grow your tools and skills to become stronger, wiser, and more capable to pursue that which is good and true in life. Yes, depression, anxiety, trauma, and numerous other internal and external barriers can seem overwhelming when trying to navigate daily life alone-- so, let's do this together then!
(757) 300-0770 View (757) 300-0770
Photo of Leslie Noble, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Leslie Noble
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I help clients set boundaries and recognize toxic relationship cycles. Relating to others can be hard, especially when we are struggling to be compassionate towards ourselves. For clients struggling with anxiety, I use grounding, visualization, and breathing to help you create a calm body and regulate your nervous system. I’m certified in DBT and help my clients explore new coping skills for emotional regulation, mindfulness, interpersonal skills, and tolerating distress.
I help clients set boundaries and recognize toxic relationship cycles. Relating to others can be hard, especially when we are struggling to be compassionate towards ourselves. For clients struggling with anxiety, I use grounding, visualization, and breathing to help you create a calm body and regulate your nervous system. I’m certified in DBT and help my clients explore new coping skills for emotional regulation, mindfulness, interpersonal skills, and tolerating distress.
(571) 506-3390 View (571) 506-3390
Photo of Kimberly P Bickford, MA, EdS, LPC, SEP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kimberly P Bickford
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, EdS, LPC, SEP
Verified Verified
If you are trying to manage intrusive worries, sadness, or grief, it's possible your body and mind may be signaling a need for greater attention and care. Often this is our soul's way of asking for a deeper connection to ourselves and others. Reaching out for support requires courage and some willingness to be vulnerable. If you are ready, we will begin by developing a secure foundation based on identifying and honoring your strengths and resilience before exploring difficult topics. We will take an approach that includes a somatic awareness which invites you to notice what's rising inside your body, not just your mind.
If you are trying to manage intrusive worries, sadness, or grief, it's possible your body and mind may be signaling a need for greater attention and care. Often this is our soul's way of asking for a deeper connection to ourselves and others. Reaching out for support requires courage and some willingness to be vulnerable. If you are ready, we will begin by developing a secure foundation based on identifying and honoring your strengths and resilience before exploring difficult topics. We will take an approach that includes a somatic awareness which invites you to notice what's rising inside your body, not just your mind.
(540) 585-1917 View (540) 585-1917
Photo of Katelyn Dolieslager, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Katelyn Dolieslager
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Hi there! I’m Katie Dolieslager, a current doctoral student at James Madison University. I completed my undergraduate studies at JMU and earned my Master’s in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Eastern Mennonite University. My hope is that when clients work with me, they feel seen, heard, valued, and truly understood in a way that fosters transformation and healing. I approach therapy primarily through the lens of Attachment Theory, exploring how our early relationships shape our lives and continue to influence us into adulthood.
Hi there! I’m Katie Dolieslager, a current doctoral student at James Madison University. I completed my undergraduate studies at JMU and earned my Master’s in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Eastern Mennonite University. My hope is that when clients work with me, they feel seen, heard, valued, and truly understood in a way that fosters transformation and healing. I approach therapy primarily through the lens of Attachment Theory, exploring how our early relationships shape our lives and continue to influence us into adulthood.
(757) 982-2211 View (757) 982-2211
Photo of Opal Ritchie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Opal Ritchie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Online Only
You are the most important person when you enter my space. Finding a therapist that’s a good fit is half the challenge and I am committed to creating that space for you to be yourself, share your truth and continue your process of growth. It’s about facing challenges together. I’m not here to make you change BUT I will set the stage for you to grow and develop your strengths. I am committed to helping manage anxiety, depression, life stressors, trauma, and challenges that adults, families and teens may face. I may be a good fit for if you know something needs adjustment but is not necessarily sure what that is.
You are the most important person when you enter my space. Finding a therapist that’s a good fit is half the challenge and I am committed to creating that space for you to be yourself, share your truth and continue your process of growth. It’s about facing challenges together. I’m not here to make you change BUT I will set the stage for you to grow and develop your strengths. I am committed to helping manage anxiety, depression, life stressors, trauma, and challenges that adults, families and teens may face. I may be a good fit for if you know something needs adjustment but is not necessarily sure what that is.
(540) 787-2549 View (540) 787-2549
Photo of Kara Tracy, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kara Tracy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Kara Tracy, an LPC (Licensed Professional Counselor), brings over 5 years of expertise in assisting adolescents and adults in navigating through diverse life challenges, including trauma, adolescent out-of-home placement, life transitions, depression, anxiety, infertility, grief/pregnancy loss, and substance addiction. She obtained her Bachelor of Arts (BA) from Mary Baldwin University and her Master of Science (MS) in Clinical Mental Health from Capella University.
Kara Tracy, an LPC (Licensed Professional Counselor), brings over 5 years of expertise in assisting adolescents and adults in navigating through diverse life challenges, including trauma, adolescent out-of-home placement, life transitions, depression, anxiety, infertility, grief/pregnancy loss, and substance addiction. She obtained her Bachelor of Arts (BA) from Mary Baldwin University and her Master of Science (MS) in Clinical Mental Health from Capella University.
(757) 260-3628 View (757) 260-3628
Photo of Michele Mitchell, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michele Mitchell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am Michele, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional with over 10 years of experience supporting clients as they navigate all phases of life. I have experience working with diverse populations, including various cognitive levels and adult age groups, and I have both individual and group counseling experience. I completed my Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Psychology at Purchase College and my Master of Science (MS) in Mental Health Counseling at Long Island University.
I am Michele, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC), a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), and a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional with over 10 years of experience supporting clients as they navigate all phases of life. I have experience working with diverse populations, including various cognitive levels and adult age groups, and I have both individual and group counseling experience. I completed my Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Psychology at Purchase College and my Master of Science (MS) in Mental Health Counseling at Long Island University.
(434) 577-8426 View (434) 577-8426

See more therapy options for 22709

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 22709

< 10

Therapists in 22709 who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Grief
100% Behavioral Issues
100% Coping Skills
50% ADHD

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 22709 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 22709?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.