Therapists in Baltimore, MD

View neighborhoods in Baltimore
Photo of Maggie Vincent, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Maggie Vincent
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21201
I believe that therapy is about hope and choices. I know that when a person begins to feel supported and understood, change can happen rapidly. I provide highly individualized treatment that combines the best of evidence-based practices with mindfulness and movement awareness.
I believe that therapy is about hope and choices. I know that when a person begins to feel supported and understood, change can happen rapidly. I provide highly individualized treatment that combines the best of evidence-based practices with mindfulness and movement awareness.
(443) 955-5797 View (443) 955-5797
Photo of Linnea Realon, Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Linnea Realon
Counselor, LCPC, NCC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211  (Online Only)
Life can be relentless and present challenges that feel overwhelming. It takes strength to ask for help and courage to become vulnerable with someone new. I recognize this and will work at your pace to form a trusting relationship with you where you can feel safe, validated, and respected. I have experience working with teens and adults who find themselves worrying about the future or things they cannot control. I have worked with people who are processing past hurtful and stressful life events so they can find a sense of strength and security in the present. I enjoy helping people see their worth so their self-talk transforms.
Life can be relentless and present challenges that feel overwhelming. It takes strength to ask for help and courage to become vulnerable with someone new. I recognize this and will work at your pace to form a trusting relationship with you where you can feel safe, validated, and respected. I have experience working with teens and adults who find themselves worrying about the future or things they cannot control. I have worked with people who are processing past hurtful and stressful life events so they can find a sense of strength and security in the present. I enjoy helping people see their worth so their self-talk transforms.
(833) 453-1051 View (833) 453-1051
Photo of Lola's Counseling, Psychologist in Baltimore, MD
Lola's Counseling
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21210
Between sociopolitical unrest, significant life changes, and the everyday stress of “just making it” we all need additional support. The demands of maintaining our lives have increased, while for many, our emotional, social, and financial resources have decreased. Our uncertainty, stress, depression, and anxiety can be too much to bear. We will assist you by providing space for you to prioritize your unique needs, identifying your strengths and challenges, collaboratively develop a treatment plan, and guide you through making positive, concrete changes in your life. Our goal is a healthier, more empowered YOU!
Between sociopolitical unrest, significant life changes, and the everyday stress of “just making it” we all need additional support. The demands of maintaining our lives have increased, while for many, our emotional, social, and financial resources have decreased. Our uncertainty, stress, depression, and anxiety can be too much to bear. We will assist you by providing space for you to prioritize your unique needs, identifying your strengths and challenges, collaboratively develop a treatment plan, and guide you through making positive, concrete changes in your life. Our goal is a healthier, more empowered YOU!
(410) 650-6383 View (410) 650-6383
Photo of Romel Santiago, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Romel Santiago
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CST, QS-CSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21230  (Online Only)
Romeos Sensation LLC provides Services in Florida and Maryland virtually. Through a structured interview and client engagement, Romel goes beyond the obvious, the presenting issue, to identify the root problem. Based on the outcome of the interview and clinical expertise, he proposes an individualized plan with goals that specifically target the problems with specific objectives and timelines for meeting those objectives. His extensive clinical background, training, and expertise have equipped him with skills critical to building and maintaining an effective and empathic relationship throughout the therapeutic process.
Romeos Sensation LLC provides Services in Florida and Maryland virtually. Through a structured interview and client engagement, Romel goes beyond the obvious, the presenting issue, to identify the root problem. Based on the outcome of the interview and clinical expertise, he proposes an individualized plan with goals that specifically target the problems with specific objectives and timelines for meeting those objectives. His extensive clinical background, training, and expertise have equipped him with skills critical to building and maintaining an effective and empathic relationship throughout the therapeutic process.
(240) 226-1612 View (240) 226-1612
Photo of Lee Collins, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Lee Collins
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21202
I love working with clients who are serious about getting better, willing to engage in introspection, attempt to display consistency, and who struggle with their self-esteem.
I love working with clients who are serious about getting better, willing to engage in introspection, attempt to display consistency, and who struggle with their self-esteem.
(443) 594-6312 View (443) 594-6312
Photo of Dr. Jonathan Katibian, Psychologist in Baltimore, MD
Dr. Jonathan Katibian
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21208
Are you experiencing stress or anxiety which is keeping you from living the life you want? Is your child experiencing challenges at school that seem to be holding him/her back? Are you finding it difficult to manage unwanted behaviors at home in an effective manner while still maintaining a positive relationship with your child? I offer both psychological/psycho-educational evaluations and psychotherapy for anxiety, OCD and ADHD-related concerns across the lifespan.
Are you experiencing stress or anxiety which is keeping you from living the life you want? Is your child experiencing challenges at school that seem to be holding him/her back? Are you finding it difficult to manage unwanted behaviors at home in an effective manner while still maintaining a positive relationship with your child? I offer both psychological/psycho-educational evaluations and psychotherapy for anxiety, OCD and ADHD-related concerns across the lifespan.
(443) 203-8644 View (443) 203-8644
Photo of Erin Hodge-Williams, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Erin Hodge-Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21212  (Online Only)
With over 25 years of dedicated experience in both clinical and non-clinical settings, I specialize in working with teens and adults. I am committed to helping people navigate life challenges by developing the tools & strategies needed to cope and realize their potential. My practice philosophy is that individuals hold the key to their own healing. I have extensive experience helping people to manage and overcome anxiety, depression, and trauma so that they may live fuller lives. I create a safe and supportive environment to help people understand they are not alone as they embark on their journey towards awareness and healing.
With over 25 years of dedicated experience in both clinical and non-clinical settings, I specialize in working with teens and adults. I am committed to helping people navigate life challenges by developing the tools & strategies needed to cope and realize their potential. My practice philosophy is that individuals hold the key to their own healing. I have extensive experience helping people to manage and overcome anxiety, depression, and trauma so that they may live fuller lives. I create a safe and supportive environment to help people understand they are not alone as they embark on their journey towards awareness and healing.
(443) 991-8936 View (443) 991-8936
Photo of Matt Ewen, Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Matt Ewen
Counselor, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21209  (Online Only)
With all of the challenges that life can throw at us, it is easy to feel overwhelmed or helpless. Life satisfaction and happiness might seem like distant goals with no clear path forward to reach them. You may find that you are spending more and more time stuck in your own head, perseverating on your struggles and acting as your own harshest critic. To me, therapy rooted in compassion and empathy can be a fantastic tool for navigating these challenges and discovering meaning and self-empowerment.
With all of the challenges that life can throw at us, it is easy to feel overwhelmed or helpless. Life satisfaction and happiness might seem like distant goals with no clear path forward to reach them. You may find that you are spending more and more time stuck in your own head, perseverating on your struggles and acting as your own harshest critic. To me, therapy rooted in compassion and empathy can be a fantastic tool for navigating these challenges and discovering meaning and self-empowerment.
(443) 672-4737 View (443) 672-4737
Photo of Sam Hanft, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Sam Hanft
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211
I view the therapeutic relationship as a site of healing, growth, and change. Taking a collaborative approach, I create a warm, grounded, and nonjudgmental space where we can explore aspects of your life that are calling to your attention. We'll work to identify places you’re feeling stuck, draw connections between past and present, and unearth the wisdom and healing potential within you. Along the way, we'll consider the stories you carry, your somatic experience, and whatever arises for you in the moment, all in service of coming into deeper relationship with yourself.
I view the therapeutic relationship as a site of healing, growth, and change. Taking a collaborative approach, I create a warm, grounded, and nonjudgmental space where we can explore aspects of your life that are calling to your attention. We'll work to identify places you’re feeling stuck, draw connections between past and present, and unearth the wisdom and healing potential within you. Along the way, we'll consider the stories you carry, your somatic experience, and whatever arises for you in the moment, all in service of coming into deeper relationship with yourself.
(410) 618-9288 View (410) 618-9288
Photo of Ben Rutt, Psychologist in Baltimore, MD
Ben Rutt
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21230
My passion is helping you find peace with your past and present so that you can live the future you want to live. I believe good therapy starts with a trusting and collaborative relationship. My approach in therapy is supportive, down-to-earth, and evidence-based. If you choose to work with me, your treatment will be based on your goals. My goal as a therapist is to help you address the underlying issues that are bringing you into therapy.
My passion is helping you find peace with your past and present so that you can live the future you want to live. I believe good therapy starts with a trusting and collaborative relationship. My approach in therapy is supportive, down-to-earth, and evidence-based. If you choose to work with me, your treatment will be based on your goals. My goal as a therapist is to help you address the underlying issues that are bringing you into therapy.
(240) 753-6721 View (240) 753-6721
Photo of Durwood Whitten, Psychologist in Baltimore, MD
Durwood Whitten
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21201
At some point, everyone has experienced some sort of emotional distress whether it be the illness or death of a loved one, the pain of a divorce, a traumatic experience from childhood, or even the demands of everyday life. If you're thinking you may need some help to get through something new or something from the past, you're probably right. I want to help. I am extremely dedicated to helping my clients heal, improve their lives, and reach their own personal goals.
At some point, everyone has experienced some sort of emotional distress whether it be the illness or death of a loved one, the pain of a divorce, a traumatic experience from childhood, or even the demands of everyday life. If you're thinking you may need some help to get through something new or something from the past, you're probably right. I want to help. I am extremely dedicated to helping my clients heal, improve their lives, and reach their own personal goals.
(443) 380-2009 View (443) 380-2009
Photo of After We Say I Do - Marriage Therapy, Psychologist in Baltimore, MD
After We Say I Do - Marriage Therapy
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21224  (Online Only)
Available in 40 States Via Telepsychology! Welcome to After We Say I Do Marriage Therapy, where we believe that love is a journey, and we're here to support you along the way. We are committed to helping you navigate the challenges and joys of married life, building a solid foundation for a lifetime of love and happiness. At After We Say I Do, we believe that every marriage is unique and requires a personalized approach. Our therapy sessions are designed to create a safe and nurturing space for couples to explore their feelings, identify areas of improvement, and develop effective strategies for overcoming obstacles.
Available in 40 States Via Telepsychology! Welcome to After We Say I Do Marriage Therapy, where we believe that love is a journey, and we're here to support you along the way. We are committed to helping you navigate the challenges and joys of married life, building a solid foundation for a lifetime of love and happiness. At After We Say I Do, we believe that every marriage is unique and requires a personalized approach. Our therapy sessions are designed to create a safe and nurturing space for couples to explore their feelings, identify areas of improvement, and develop effective strategies for overcoming obstacles.
(240) 734-2860 View (240) 734-2860
Photo of Zachariah Aaron, Psychological Associate in Baltimore, MD
Zachariah Aaron
Psychological Associate, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21210
My aim in therapy is to identify what is most important to you, and help you live in a way that is more consistent with what you find meaningful, what gives you a sense of purpose, and what helps you feel content. To accomplish this, I approach therapy from a person-centered perspective, which means that I believe in working together to promote positive behaviors, emotions, and attitudes that best suit your values and holistic wellbeing. As a therapist, I recognize my own imperfection, and I will incorporate feedback from you along our therapy journey to explore alternative perspectives and adjust treatment as necessary.
My aim in therapy is to identify what is most important to you, and help you live in a way that is more consistent with what you find meaningful, what gives you a sense of purpose, and what helps you feel content. To accomplish this, I approach therapy from a person-centered perspective, which means that I believe in working together to promote positive behaviors, emotions, and attitudes that best suit your values and holistic wellbeing. As a therapist, I recognize my own imperfection, and I will incorporate feedback from you along our therapy journey to explore alternative perspectives and adjust treatment as necessary.
(443) 486-3341 View (443) 486-3341
Photo of Martin Weishaar, Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Martin Weishaar
Counselor, LCPC, LCPAT, MFA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211
I work with preteens, teens, and adults. I specialize in depression, anxiety, and trauma related disorders. Together, we discover how your attachment pattern has influenced your behavior, thoughts, and emotional security. I believe in holding the therapeutic space as a method for responsibility, transparency, and creating life solutions.In addition to talk therapy, I also use art therapy as a therapeutic modality for interested individuals. Art therapy is a non-verbal therapeutic practice geared toward examining our thoughts and emotions through a creative outlet.
I work with preteens, teens, and adults. I specialize in depression, anxiety, and trauma related disorders. Together, we discover how your attachment pattern has influenced your behavior, thoughts, and emotional security. I believe in holding the therapeutic space as a method for responsibility, transparency, and creating life solutions.In addition to talk therapy, I also use art therapy as a therapeutic modality for interested individuals. Art therapy is a non-verbal therapeutic practice geared toward examining our thoughts and emotions through a creative outlet.
(301) 205-5673 View (301) 205-5673
Photo of Marlon Tinker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Marlon Tinker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LCADS
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21216
Sometimes in life you encounter problems that overwhelm your ability to cope. The experience can leave you feeling desperate, lonely, and stressed out. I provide a caring and non-judgmental place for you to talk about what is troubling you. I will help you identify the problem, explore solutions, and implement a change plan. I can't promise a perfect life, but I can engage you in a collaborative work alliance where you will have the opportunity to tap into your own power source, identify personal strengths and environmental resources, and identify and implement a plan to not only cope but also to thrive.
Sometimes in life you encounter problems that overwhelm your ability to cope. The experience can leave you feeling desperate, lonely, and stressed out. I provide a caring and non-judgmental place for you to talk about what is troubling you. I will help you identify the problem, explore solutions, and implement a change plan. I can't promise a perfect life, but I can engage you in a collaborative work alliance where you will have the opportunity to tap into your own power source, identify personal strengths and environmental resources, and identify and implement a plan to not only cope but also to thrive.
(410) 709-3886 View (410) 709-3886
Photo of Brenna Neimanis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Brenna Neimanis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21218  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I currently have a waitlist - Welcome to therapy, I’m so happy you are here! My practice is focused on feeling at home within yourself & providing a safe place to explore your whole self through individual, partnered, and/or family therapy. I use an inclusive, holistic approach & understand that each client is a unique individual & is impacted by their experiences, as well as societal structures & norms. I work with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, burn-out, disordered eating, body dysmorphia, mood disorders, difficulty coping, family/partner conflict, concerns with self-worth, & those who have experienced trauma.
I currently have a waitlist - Welcome to therapy, I’m so happy you are here! My practice is focused on feeling at home within yourself & providing a safe place to explore your whole self through individual, partnered, and/or family therapy. I use an inclusive, holistic approach & understand that each client is a unique individual & is impacted by their experiences, as well as societal structures & norms. I work with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, burn-out, disordered eating, body dysmorphia, mood disorders, difficulty coping, family/partner conflict, concerns with self-worth, & those who have experienced trauma.
(443) 457-9293 View (443) 457-9293
Photo of Dennis “Ausar” Winkler, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Dennis “Ausar” Winkler
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, PhD, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21214
I am currently only accepting clients that are interested in the collective transformation power of group counseling. I understand that group work can be a bit intimidating but most of our group members have had that fear and once they’ve report that they prefer group over individual psychotherapy. Additionally, research supports that group is as effective if not more effective than individual psychotherapy. My ideal client are those who are seeking to grow through collective work. Individual sessions are made available for group participants as needed.
I am currently only accepting clients that are interested in the collective transformation power of group counseling. I understand that group work can be a bit intimidating but most of our group members have had that fear and once they’ve report that they prefer group over individual psychotherapy. Additionally, research supports that group is as effective if not more effective than individual psychotherapy. My ideal client are those who are seeking to grow through collective work. Individual sessions are made available for group participants as needed.
(443) 290-5872 View (443) 290-5872
Photo of Kerry Ford Morancy, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Kerry Ford Morancy, LCSW-C
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21239
Having difficulty prioritizing your own needs and self care? Feeling overwhelmed by too many obligations in your personal and professional life? Using a trauma-informed lens and IFS can help clarify a plan for greater clarity and wellness.
Having difficulty prioritizing your own needs and self care? Feeling overwhelmed by too many obligations in your personal and professional life? Using a trauma-informed lens and IFS can help clarify a plan for greater clarity and wellness.
(443) 552-3222 View (443) 552-3222
Photo of Emily Silverman, Psychologist in Baltimore, MD
Emily Silverman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21210  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
You are too hard on yourself, holding yourself to unrealistic standards. Others tell you you are “too sensitive” and “overly emotional,” or you hold your emotions in tightly to protect yourself. You feel stuck in your life and relationships, getting in your own way with the negative, self-defeating stories you tell yourself. I believe that people are inherently resilient. Using a supportive and empowering approach, I work with individuals to tap into their inner resources, learning new coping strategies and coming to better understanding themselves and their relationships in order to move forward and reach their full potential.
You are too hard on yourself, holding yourself to unrealistic standards. Others tell you you are “too sensitive” and “overly emotional,” or you hold your emotions in tightly to protect yourself. You feel stuck in your life and relationships, getting in your own way with the negative, self-defeating stories you tell yourself. I believe that people are inherently resilient. Using a supportive and empowering approach, I work with individuals to tap into their inner resources, learning new coping strategies and coming to better understanding themselves and their relationships in order to move forward and reach their full potential.
(443) 378-3642 View (443) 378-3642
Photo of S. Scott Haigley, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Baltimore, MD
S. Scott Haigley
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211
I have maintained a general practice approach and enjoy working with a variety of difficulties including childhood disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, OCD, and personality disorders, I have experience working with individuals who have substance abuse problems. My experiences have allowed me to work with a wide range of people. An example of a few areas I have worked with include graduate students, LGBT individuals, and healthcare professionals including those who work in mental health. A recent addition and growing interest is working with individuals who have developed addictions to prescription medication and do not readily fit into the more general substance abuse population.
I have maintained a general practice approach and enjoy working with a variety of difficulties including childhood disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, OCD, and personality disorders, I have experience working with individuals who have substance abuse problems. My experiences have allowed me to work with a wide range of people. An example of a few areas I have worked with include graduate students, LGBT individuals, and healthcare professionals including those who work in mental health. A recent addition and growing interest is working with individuals who have developed addictions to prescription medication and do not readily fit into the more general substance abuse population.
(443) 672-2160 View (443) 672-2160

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Baltimore, MD

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Baltimore, MD who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
75% Self Esteem
73% Relationship Issues
69% Coping Skills
67% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% BlueCross and BlueShield
68% Cigna and Evernorth
68% CareFirst

How Therapists in Baltimore, MD see their clients

51% Online Only
49% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Baltimore?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.