Therapists in 21213

Photo of Latarsha Ellett - Life Worth Living Child & Adolescent Mental Health, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CTP
Life Worth Living Child & Adolescent Mental Health
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CTP
Baltimore, MD 21213
Life is just like a garden in the aspect of: growth, change, nurturance, dedication, resiliency, time, and patience. Does your garden need some extra sunlight or water? Sometimes, we may face challenges that aren’t meant for us to deal with them alone. We may need someone to help us process our thoughts, in this journey of life. We must identify the root cause of our problems, whether it's hereditary, genetic, adverse childhood experiences, or possibly intergenerational transmission. We can go on that journey together! Maintaining and sustaining your garden is the ultimate goal.
Life is just like a garden in the aspect of: growth, change, nurturance, dedication, resiliency, time, and patience. Does your garden need some extra sunlight or water? Sometimes, we may face challenges that aren’t meant for us to deal with them alone. We may need someone to help us process our thoughts, in this journey of life. We must identify the root cause of our problems, whether it's hereditary, genetic, adverse childhood experiences, or possibly intergenerational transmission. We can go on that journey together! Maintaining and sustaining your garden is the ultimate goal.
(667) 220-5398 View (667) 220-5398
Photo of Family Interventions, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCSW-C, LCPC, PMHNP, PsyD, PhD
Family Interventions
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCSW-C, LCPC, PMHNP, PsyD, PhD
Baltimore, MD 21213
MEDICATION MANAGEMENT NOW AVAILABLE! We are a team of diverse clinicians who are committed to helping others. We provide home and community based services. If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you're just ready to move in a new positive direction in your life, let us support you to achieve your goals.
MEDICATION MANAGEMENT NOW AVAILABLE! We are a team of diverse clinicians who are committed to helping others. We provide home and community based services. If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you're just ready to move in a new positive direction in your life, let us support you to achieve your goals.
(443) 419-6962 View (443) 419-6962
Photo of Tyronda McDermott - Bridging Gaps Through Positive Solutions, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LCSW-C, CRNP-PM, PhD
Bridging Gaps Through Positive Solutions
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, LCSW-C, CRNP-PM, PhD
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21213
**ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS** Congratulations on taking steps toward establishing a more fulfilling, healthy, and successful life! BGTPS is a community-based Outpatient Mental Health Clinic that provides integrated behavioral health services utilizing a person-centered approach to children, adolescents, and adults. We provide individual, family, and group therapy, medication management, therapeutic mentorship, and behavioral consultation. In therapy, we work collaboratively with you to enhance your understanding of the internal and environmental factors that impact life, emerge as relational patterns, and potentially impede success.
**ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS** Congratulations on taking steps toward establishing a more fulfilling, healthy, and successful life! BGTPS is a community-based Outpatient Mental Health Clinic that provides integrated behavioral health services utilizing a person-centered approach to children, adolescents, and adults. We provide individual, family, and group therapy, medication management, therapeutic mentorship, and behavioral consultation. In therapy, we work collaboratively with you to enhance your understanding of the internal and environmental factors that impact life, emerge as relational patterns, and potentially impede success.
(410) 324-6172 View (410) 324-6172
Photo of LaShaunna Lipscomb - Journey into Wellness, LLC, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, PhD, LCPC
Journey into Wellness, LLC
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, PhD, LCPC
2 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21213
Most people contemplate therapy at a point where life's stressors have become so intense that talking about these things can be very difficult and even embarrassing. However, making a decision to seek therapy is an act that reflects a great deal of humility and self-love. If you or your family have been experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety, or grief, my practice is well experienced in helping you during this healing process. Additionally, we have worked with families who were experiencing conflict due to separation, divorce, child welfare involvement, exposure to trauma, or just non-compliant/defiant behavior.
Most people contemplate therapy at a point where life's stressors have become so intense that talking about these things can be very difficult and even embarrassing. However, making a decision to seek therapy is an act that reflects a great deal of humility and self-love. If you or your family have been experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety, or grief, my practice is well experienced in helping you during this healing process. Additionally, we have worked with families who were experiencing conflict due to separation, divorce, child welfare involvement, exposure to trauma, or just non-compliant/defiant behavior.
(240) 288-2659 View (240) 288-2659
Photo of Family Intervention Partners - Family Intervention Partners, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MD, LCPC, PMHNP, LCSW-C, PsyD
Family Intervention Partners
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MD, LCPC, PMHNP, LCSW-C, PsyD
Baltimore, MD 21213
Our practice consists of a team of licensed Drs, therapists, and social workers working together to provide the best mental healthcare services to our patients. We provide comprehensive Child, Adolescent and Adult psychiatric treatment, and psychotherapy in a non-judgmental, patient-centered environment. Our practitioners provide Assessments, Psychiatric Evaluation, Medication Management, and Psychotherapy for all ages. We treat Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorders, Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, Childhood Trauma, Emotional Disorders, and Behavior Problems. WE ARE ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS.
Our practice consists of a team of licensed Drs, therapists, and social workers working together to provide the best mental healthcare services to our patients. We provide comprehensive Child, Adolescent and Adult psychiatric treatment, and psychotherapy in a non-judgmental, patient-centered environment. Our practitioners provide Assessments, Psychiatric Evaluation, Medication Management, and Psychotherapy for all ages. We treat Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorders, Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, Childhood Trauma, Emotional Disorders, and Behavior Problems. WE ARE ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS.
(410) 291-1753 View (410) 291-1753
Photo of Tekora Nichols - Fresh Start Therapeutic Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Fresh Start Therapeutic Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Serves Area
Are you ready for a redo? Looking to grow and see your life flourish? Our therapists at Fresh Start Therapeutic Services are ready to help you do that and more! We provide support to children and adults to help with issues such as ADHD, behavioral difficulties, oppositional/defiant behavior, school concerns, depression, anxiety, poor social/communication skills, job skills training and support; housing concerns, financial management and planning and much, much more! We offer individual, couples and family therapy; medication management, therapeutic mentoring and groups.
Are you ready for a redo? Looking to grow and see your life flourish? Our therapists at Fresh Start Therapeutic Services are ready to help you do that and more! We provide support to children and adults to help with issues such as ADHD, behavioral difficulties, oppositional/defiant behavior, school concerns, depression, anxiety, poor social/communication skills, job skills training and support; housing concerns, financial management and planning and much, much more! We offer individual, couples and family therapy; medication management, therapeutic mentoring and groups.
(667) 226-9613 View (667) 226-9613
Photo of Raquel Johnson, Counselor, LCPC
Raquel Johnson
Counselor, LCPC
Serves Area
As a Licensed Professional Counselor (LCPC) based in Baltimore, Maryland, I am dedicated to providing compassionate support to my clients. My specialty lies in addressing the impacts of systemic racism and supporting individuals from disadvantaged neighborhoods and communities of color.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor (LCPC) based in Baltimore, Maryland, I am dedicated to providing compassionate support to my clients. My specialty lies in addressing the impacts of systemic racism and supporting individuals from disadvantaged neighborhoods and communities of color.
(443) 551-2338 View (443) 551-2338
Photo of Stanley I Nwogwugwu, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, PhD, LCPC, LCADC, NCC, ACS
Stanley I Nwogwugwu
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, PhD, LCPC, LCADC, NCC, ACS
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Dr. Stanley Nwogwugwu, LCPC, is a Maryland Board-Approved Clinical Supervisor with over sixteen years of experience as a psychotherapist. He practices from a client-centered, collaborative approach that views clients as the experts in their own lives. He specializes in working with adolescents and adults experiencing mood and anxiety concerns, trauma-related stress, life transitions, and problematic substance use. Dr. Nwogwugwu integrates CBT, Motivational Interviewing, and trauma-informed care within a supportive, respectful therapeutic relationship to promote meaningful, sustainable change.
Dr. Stanley Nwogwugwu, LCPC, is a Maryland Board-Approved Clinical Supervisor with over sixteen years of experience as a psychotherapist. He practices from a client-centered, collaborative approach that views clients as the experts in their own lives. He specializes in working with adolescents and adults experiencing mood and anxiety concerns, trauma-related stress, life transitions, and problematic substance use. Dr. Nwogwugwu integrates CBT, Motivational Interviewing, and trauma-informed care within a supportive, respectful therapeutic relationship to promote meaningful, sustainable change.
(443) 526-7763 View (443) 526-7763
Global Healthcare Systems, Inc
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Global Healthcare Systems, Inc is an outpatient mental health clinic with 5 psychiatric nurse practitioners (CRNP-PMH), 7 licensed clinical social workers (LCSW-C), 1 Phd clinical psychologist(LCPC-S, PhD), 1 clinical art therapist (ATR, LCPAT) and many licensed therapists. We provide medication refills, medication management, case management and therapy (individual, family and group). We also provide addiction counseling, medication assisted treatment (Suboxone) for patient with substance abuse concerns and primary care as well.
Global Healthcare Systems, Inc is an outpatient mental health clinic with 5 psychiatric nurse practitioners (CRNP-PMH), 7 licensed clinical social workers (LCSW-C), 1 Phd clinical psychologist(LCPC-S, PhD), 1 clinical art therapist (ATR, LCPAT) and many licensed therapists. We provide medication refills, medication management, case management and therapy (individual, family and group). We also provide addiction counseling, medication assisted treatment (Suboxone) for patient with substance abuse concerns and primary care as well.
(443) 234-0484 View (443) 234-0484
Photo of Ashlie T Carr - Carr Cares Therapeutic Services, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LCPC
Carr Cares Therapeutic Services
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LCPC
Serves Area
Are you looking for a safe space to express your thoughts? One of my best qualities is actively listening and helping clients process without judgment. I've worked in the mental health field since 2011. I have a unique way of making people feel comfortable and building rapport. I am highly motivated and persistent. Mature, calm and emotionally stable, I am most often praised for my listening, observation skills, and empathy.
Are you looking for a safe space to express your thoughts? One of my best qualities is actively listening and helping clients process without judgment. I've worked in the mental health field since 2011. I have a unique way of making people feel comfortable and building rapport. I am highly motivated and persistent. Mature, calm and emotionally stable, I am most often praised for my listening, observation skills, and empathy.
(410) 846-6072 View (410) 846-6072
Photo of Tonyia Godlock - Be Yourself Therapy Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Be Yourself Therapy Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Serves Area
Do you want to feel seen, heard, respected, and not judged? Be Yourself Therapy Services allow you to “BE YOURSELF” in a non-judgmental space and provides you with the potential to open a world of incredible growth and healing.
Do you want to feel seen, heard, respected, and not judged? Be Yourself Therapy Services allow you to “BE YOURSELF” in a non-judgmental space and provides you with the potential to open a world of incredible growth and healing.
(443) 383-4958 View (443) 383-4958
Photo of Sheena N Green, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MEd, LCPC
Sheena N Green
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MEd, LCPC
Serves Area
Depressed? Anxious? Relationship issues? Anger? Are you feeling overwhelmed and frustrated with daily life? Do you feel that no one truly understands how you are feeling? Do you keep making the same mistakes over and over again? Is life chaotic and you feel that it's out of control? Nothing is in order and you do not know where to start. Do you just need one day of peace? Are you looking for balance in life, self love, acceptance and personal growth?
Depressed? Anxious? Relationship issues? Anger? Are you feeling overwhelmed and frustrated with daily life? Do you feel that no one truly understands how you are feeling? Do you keep making the same mistakes over and over again? Is life chaotic and you feel that it's out of control? Nothing is in order and you do not know where to start. Do you just need one day of peace? Are you looking for balance in life, self love, acceptance and personal growth?
(443) 219-2999 View (443) 219-2999
Photo of Comfort Fapohunda - Ark of Rehabilitation Inc. , Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, CRNP, PMHNP, FNP
Ark of Rehabilitation Inc.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, CRNP, PMHNP, FNP
Serves Area
We are here to support clients in Baltimore City and surrounding areas who are seeking help for mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, stress, or difficulties managing daily life due to psychiatric conditions. We work with individuals navigating complex circumstances, including housing instability, financial stress, or social isolation, providing guidance, practical tools, and compassionate support to help them improve emotional well-being, regain confidence, and make meaningful life changes.
We are here to support clients in Baltimore City and surrounding areas who are seeking help for mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, stress, or difficulties managing daily life due to psychiatric conditions. We work with individuals navigating complex circumstances, including housing instability, financial stress, or social isolation, providing guidance, practical tools, and compassionate support to help them improve emotional well-being, regain confidence, and make meaningful life changes.
(443) 405-8005 View (443) 405-8005
Photo of Anthony Estreet, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW-C, LCADC
Anthony Estreet
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW-C, LCADC
Serves Area
Hello and thank you for stopping past my page. I hope that we are able to begin working together to identify areas of concern and find appropriate solutions. I am a client centered therapist which means that the client is leading the process of change and is the expert on what is going on in their life. The ideal client would be someone who is interested in identifying and working towards their goals. Finding a good match with a therapist is an important decision. I look forward to working with you through your process.
Hello and thank you for stopping past my page. I hope that we are able to begin working together to identify areas of concern and find appropriate solutions. I am a client centered therapist which means that the client is leading the process of change and is the expert on what is going on in their life. The ideal client would be someone who is interested in identifying and working towards their goals. Finding a good match with a therapist is an important decision. I look forward to working with you through your process.
(410) 782-3376 View (410) 782-3376
Photo of Matthew Lucas Gordon, Psychological Associate, MS
Matthew Lucas Gordon
Psychological Associate, MS
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
With my clients, I hope to promote meaningful change, deeper self-knowledge, and robust mental fortitude. I hope that no matter the issue, my clients can experience a secure and safe relationship with me to explore their emotions while simultaneously gaining tools to navigate life's challenges. Ultimately, my goal as a clinician is to create an atmosphere where clients can enhance their self-awareness and emotional well-being, ultimately leading to a more fulfilling life.
With my clients, I hope to promote meaningful change, deeper self-knowledge, and robust mental fortitude. I hope that no matter the issue, my clients can experience a secure and safe relationship with me to explore their emotions while simultaneously gaining tools to navigate life's challenges. Ultimately, my goal as a clinician is to create an atmosphere where clients can enhance their self-awareness and emotional well-being, ultimately leading to a more fulfilling life.
(443) 785-8479 View (443) 785-8479
Photo of Egypt Buie, Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Egypt Buie
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Online Only
Egypt Buie, LCPC. I am EMDR trained and have a host of experience with trauma, MDD, and GAD. I have always been the person that people have been able to confide in. Growing up I always provided support and guidance to my friends and family .I grew to love supporting others. I am a safe space. our sessions are your place to be your true and authentic self. Unmasking is welcome in our interactions.
Egypt Buie, LCPC. I am EMDR trained and have a host of experience with trauma, MDD, and GAD. I have always been the person that people have been able to confide in. Growing up I always provided support and guidance to my friends and family .I grew to love supporting others. I am a safe space. our sessions are your place to be your true and authentic self. Unmasking is welcome in our interactions.
(443) 993-8173 View (443) 993-8173
Photo of Michele Brinson, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LPC
Michele Brinson
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
I am a licensed therapist trained in a variety of evidence-based practices. This means that I am able to help you address your individual concerns, and support you in your unique journey. Throughout therapy we will explore the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that contribute to developing a healthy, productive lifestyle. My personalized treatment may include Exposure Response Prevention, Person-Centered, or Trauma-Informed aproaches based on a client's needs.
I am a licensed therapist trained in a variety of evidence-based practices. This means that I am able to help you address your individual concerns, and support you in your unique journey. Throughout therapy we will explore the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that contribute to developing a healthy, productive lifestyle. My personalized treatment may include Exposure Response Prevention, Person-Centered, or Trauma-Informed aproaches based on a client's needs.
(443) 785-0672 View (443) 785-0672
Photo of Lori E Firestone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Lori E Firestone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome, thanks for considering me as your new therapist. I have been a licensed clinical social worker for over 20 years and in private practice for about 10 years. I work with adults and couples on a range of issues. If there is an area not listed in the specialties section in which you are interested, please don't hesitate to reach out to see if we would be a good fit. I look forward to hearing from you!
Welcome, thanks for considering me as your new therapist. I have been a licensed clinical social worker for over 20 years and in private practice for about 10 years. I work with adults and couples on a range of issues. If there is an area not listed in the specialties section in which you are interested, please don't hesitate to reach out to see if we would be a good fit. I look forward to hearing from you!
(202) 792-3259 View (202) 792-3259
Photo of Amber M Reed, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Amber M Reed
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Online Only
Life sometimes comes at us hard but I am here to support & encourage you to find your voice (you ever scream in the shower or car? Try it). I will support & challenge you to say "NO" (trust me it's not a cuss word). I will support you in finding & stepping into your power (put on some boots, we bout to kick life back HARD). I will support & celebrate your worth (Shine Bright Like a Diamond). I will support & embrace your magic (Yes, I do have & carry a wand). I will support & honor your heart work (Healing Vibes - with a dope playlist). I am rooting for YOU..
Life sometimes comes at us hard but I am here to support & encourage you to find your voice (you ever scream in the shower or car? Try it). I will support & challenge you to say "NO" (trust me it's not a cuss word). I will support you in finding & stepping into your power (put on some boots, we bout to kick life back HARD). I will support & celebrate your worth (Shine Bright Like a Diamond). I will support & embrace your magic (Yes, I do have & carry a wand). I will support & honor your heart work (Healing Vibes - with a dope playlist). I am rooting for YOU..
(410) 755-5084 View (410) 755-5084
Photo of Egypt Buie, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Egypt Buie
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
You are likely a good match for me if: You are a High School Student or Young Adult (20s to mid 40s), struggling to find your way You like a “straight- forward” approach and don’t mind being gently challenged to reach your therapeutic goals. You are curious about how Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) treatment can help you. You have experienced GREEK trauma, hazing or similar issues related to joining large organized groups . You need flexible evening and/ or weekend sessions .
You are likely a good match for me if: You are a High School Student or Young Adult (20s to mid 40s), struggling to find your way You like a “straight- forward” approach and don’t mind being gently challenged to reach your therapeutic goals. You are curious about how Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) treatment can help you. You have experienced GREEK trauma, hazing or similar issues related to joining large organized groups . You need flexible evening and/ or weekend sessions .
(410) 346-9460 View (410) 346-9460

See more therapy options for 21213

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 21213

30+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in 21213 who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
94% Depression
88% Self Esteem
82% Trauma and PTSD
76% Relationship Issues
68% Anger Management
68% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% Cigna and Evernorth
63% Aetna
63% CareFirst

How Therapists in 21213 see their clients

53% Online Only
47% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

89% Female
11% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 21213?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.