Therapists in 19437

Photo of Derek Pendleton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACSW, BCD
Derek Pendleton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACSW, BCD
Serves Area
Overwhelming worry and stress seem to follow you everywhere. You struggle to maintain focus, make decisions, and let go of things. Constant overthinking depletes your energy, leaving you irritable, restless, and on edge. The more this persists, the more dejected and hopeless you feel about it ever changing. You have tried coping on your own, but solutions that used to work no longer seem to help. You dream of a happier life – free from worry, present in the moment, and optimistic about the future – and wonder if it is possible. I know what these struggles are like, and I can help you restore hope in yourself.
Overwhelming worry and stress seem to follow you everywhere. You struggle to maintain focus, make decisions, and let go of things. Constant overthinking depletes your energy, leaving you irritable, restless, and on edge. The more this persists, the more dejected and hopeless you feel about it ever changing. You have tried coping on your own, but solutions that used to work no longer seem to help. You dream of a happier life – free from worry, present in the moment, and optimistic about the future – and wonder if it is possible. I know what these struggles are like, and I can help you restore hope in yourself.
(267) 793-2135 View (267) 793-2135
Photo of Laura Vargas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Laura Vargas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Serves Area
Have you experienced a loss that feels invisible? Perhaps the death of someone you love, a major breakup, or a sudden life change, and found yourself stuck, overwhelmed or isolated? I help adults in Colorado and Pennsylvania rebuild hope after grief, trauma, and major life transitions. Together we’ll create a safe, non-judgmental space where you’ll be seen, heard and supported as you reclaim purpose, reduce overwhelm, and move forward with clarity. My approach is gentle, reflective, and relational; grounded in narrative therapy, where we work together to understand how your story has been shaped by loss and how to build new meaning.
Have you experienced a loss that feels invisible? Perhaps the death of someone you love, a major breakup, or a sudden life change, and found yourself stuck, overwhelmed or isolated? I help adults in Colorado and Pennsylvania rebuild hope after grief, trauma, and major life transitions. Together we’ll create a safe, non-judgmental space where you’ll be seen, heard and supported as you reclaim purpose, reduce overwhelm, and move forward with clarity. My approach is gentle, reflective, and relational; grounded in narrative therapy, where we work together to understand how your story has been shaped by loss and how to build new meaning.
(720) 915-2166 View (720) 915-2166
Photo of Dr. Jeff J. Rocker, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, NCC, LPC, LMHC, LCPC
Dr. Jeff J. Rocker
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, NCC, LPC, LMHC, LCPC
Serves Area
With 14 years of experience working with clients going through individual, relationship, and family issues, Celebrity Therapist Dr. Jeff Rocker has provided therapeutic services to clients nationwide. He is licensed in 25 states and has served clients from all age groups. Over the years, Dr. Jeff has organized lectures and various events in the community, including excursions and retreats for couples to improve their communication and better understand each other. He has experience working with athletes in the NFL, NBA, and MLB. In addition, Dr. Jeff has also worked with clients in the Movie, Music, and Entertainment Industries.
With 14 years of experience working with clients going through individual, relationship, and family issues, Celebrity Therapist Dr. Jeff Rocker has provided therapeutic services to clients nationwide. He is licensed in 25 states and has served clients from all age groups. Over the years, Dr. Jeff has organized lectures and various events in the community, including excursions and retreats for couples to improve their communication and better understand each other. He has experience working with athletes in the NFL, NBA, and MLB. In addition, Dr. Jeff has also worked with clients in the Movie, Music, and Entertainment Industries.
(484) 249-0659 View (484) 249-0659
Photo of Gerald F Bellettirie, Psychologist, PhD
Gerald F Bellettirie
Psychologist, PhD
Online Only
I am a Ph.D. Psychologist with over 25 years of experience working with individuals, couples and families to improve the quality of their lives.I am a member of the American Psychological Association, Fellow of the Pennsylvania Psychological Association and Listed in the National Register of Health Services Providers in Psychology. In addition to my Ph.D. I also completed a full time Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Behavioral Medicine and Behavior Therapy to evaluate and treat disabling anxiety such as panic attacks and OCD in addition to stress reactions that create health problems such as migraine headache, irritable bowel syndrome, sleep and eating disorders and chronic pain. I help people in dealing with challenging life stress and eliminate the need to use alcohol and substances to cope. I develop behavioral plans for parents and for divorced parents I offer co-parenting counseling. I evaluate and treat ADHD. For those seeking help, I offer a comprehensive evaluation and a goal oriented personal treatment plan in an empathic and compassionate enviornment.
I am a Ph.D. Psychologist with over 25 years of experience working with individuals, couples and families to improve the quality of their lives.I am a member of the American Psychological Association, Fellow of the Pennsylvania Psychological Association and Listed in the National Register of Health Services Providers in Psychology. In addition to my Ph.D. I also completed a full time Post-Doctoral Fellowship in Behavioral Medicine and Behavior Therapy to evaluate and treat disabling anxiety such as panic attacks and OCD in addition to stress reactions that create health problems such as migraine headache, irritable bowel syndrome, sleep and eating disorders and chronic pain. I help people in dealing with challenging life stress and eliminate the need to use alcohol and substances to cope. I develop behavioral plans for parents and for divorced parents I offer co-parenting counseling. I evaluate and treat ADHD. For those seeking help, I offer a comprehensive evaluation and a goal oriented personal treatment plan in an empathic and compassionate enviornment.
(215) 995-1035 View (215) 995-1035
Photo of Jeanine C O'Rourke, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jeanine C O'Rourke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Deciding to start therapy takes a huge leap of faith and I have tremendous respect for anyone willing to brave it. I'm always inspired by my clients. For the past 25 years, it has been my privilege to serve people in a wide range of settings and listen to the stories of their lives. I am repeatedly stunned by how little acknowledgment people in pain give themselves. Most of them don’t look like they’re suffering at all to the outside world. But that’s not how they feel inside.
Deciding to start therapy takes a huge leap of faith and I have tremendous respect for anyone willing to brave it. I'm always inspired by my clients. For the past 25 years, it has been my privilege to serve people in a wide range of settings and listen to the stories of their lives. I am repeatedly stunned by how little acknowledgment people in pain give themselves. Most of them don’t look like they’re suffering at all to the outside world. But that’s not how they feel inside.
(267) 712-9987 View (267) 712-9987
Photo of Mia Bezalel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Mia Bezalel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Pursuing and going to therapy can be uncomfortable, scary, and exhausting. It takes a tremendous amount of courage and willingness. Living with and carrying emotional pain can be lonely and in therapy we will navigate this and work towards healing together. We will process how the past and unconscious resurface in the present causing distress in various areas including family, relationships, work, mental health, etc. As we do this work and build an open and trusting relationship, we can develop insights, bring about change, and further healing.
Pursuing and going to therapy can be uncomfortable, scary, and exhausting. It takes a tremendous amount of courage and willingness. Living with and carrying emotional pain can be lonely and in therapy we will navigate this and work towards healing together. We will process how the past and unconscious resurface in the present causing distress in various areas including family, relationships, work, mental health, etc. As we do this work and build an open and trusting relationship, we can develop insights, bring about change, and further healing.
(267) 310-3105 View (267) 310-3105
Photo of Emma Mahony, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Emma Mahony
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
Hello! I am excited to meet you! My approach emphasizes three key areas: your relationship with yourself, with others, and with the world around you. We'll explore both past and present experiences to deepen your awareness and comprehension of your journey thus far, guiding you toward the future you envision and feels a little better.
Hello! I am excited to meet you! My approach emphasizes three key areas: your relationship with yourself, with others, and with the world around you. We'll explore both past and present experiences to deepen your awareness and comprehension of your journey thus far, guiding you toward the future you envision and feels a little better.
(412) 618-2515 View (412) 618-2515

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Asha Raab, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Asha Raab
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
3 Endorsed
West Chester, PA 19382
Are you feeling anxious, depressed, overwhelmed or going through a difficult transition? I am here to support you! I create a warm, empathetic environment where individuals feel safe to explore their thoughts and feelings. I have seen incredible shifts in my twenty years of doing this work. People heal. People feel happier. Their relationships improve. It’s definitely possible. I tailor my approach to meet each client’s unique needs.
Are you feeling anxious, depressed, overwhelmed or going through a difficult transition? I am here to support you! I create a warm, empathetic environment where individuals feel safe to explore their thoughts and feelings. I have seen incredible shifts in my twenty years of doing this work. People heal. People feel happier. Their relationships improve. It’s definitely possible. I tailor my approach to meet each client’s unique needs.
(484) 613-3041 View (484) 613-3041
Photo of Sara Segal, Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Sara Segal
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Newtown, PA 18940
Choosing a therapist to work with you or your family can be an overwhelming process. I strive to create a warm and supportive environment where my clients feel safe and able to share their thoughts and feelings. I believe that everyone is capable of evolving in a positive way to make improvements in their daily life and relationships. Working collaboratively with my clients I provide the skills and techniques for personal growth and healthy relationships. My services include: family counseling, relationship counseling, child/adolescent therapy, and parenting support.
Choosing a therapist to work with you or your family can be an overwhelming process. I strive to create a warm and supportive environment where my clients feel safe and able to share their thoughts and feelings. I believe that everyone is capable of evolving in a positive way to make improvements in their daily life and relationships. Working collaboratively with my clients I provide the skills and techniques for personal growth and healthy relationships. My services include: family counseling, relationship counseling, child/adolescent therapy, and parenting support.
(267) 756-2417 View (267) 756-2417
Photo of Miguelina Fernandez, Pastoral Counselor
Miguelina Fernandez
Pastoral Counselor
Serves Area
Are you navigating deep emotional pain, betrayal, or identity issues? I work with individuals who feel stuck in patterns of shame, grief, or family dysfunction—especially those seeking to understand their experiences through the lens of biblical truth. Whether you're a new believer, returning to faith, or simply longing for emotional healing grounded in God’s Word, you are welcome here.
Are you navigating deep emotional pain, betrayal, or identity issues? I work with individuals who feel stuck in patterns of shame, grief, or family dysfunction—especially those seeking to understand their experiences through the lens of biblical truth. Whether you're a new believer, returning to faith, or simply longing for emotional healing grounded in God’s Word, you are welcome here.
(856) 280-9540 View (856) 280-9540
Photo of Ellen L Wright, Psychologist, PhD
Ellen L Wright
Psychologist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
People enter therapy because they want to improve something in their lives. Often the timing of this choice to seek therapy is not ideal - you may be having family or work stress, you may be depressed, anxious, tired and unable to think clearly or make decisions. At these times you need a therapist who is well respected, thoughtful, and capable. I am a licensed Psychologist who has been in private practice in Center City, Philadelphia for over 25 years. I work with adults and young adults (16 years +) facing emotional, interpersonal, career and medical challenges.
People enter therapy because they want to improve something in their lives. Often the timing of this choice to seek therapy is not ideal - you may be having family or work stress, you may be depressed, anxious, tired and unable to think clearly or make decisions. At these times you need a therapist who is well respected, thoughtful, and capable. I am a licensed Psychologist who has been in private practice in Center City, Philadelphia for over 25 years. I work with adults and young adults (16 years +) facing emotional, interpersonal, career and medical challenges.
(215) 977-4211 View (215) 977-4211
Photo of Esther S Abergel, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Esther S Abergel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Philadelphia, PA 19152
My ideal client is ready to work and ready to make changes. They are open to "homework" and excited about feeling better. They may have been suffering from depression or anxiety their whole lives, or had something recently happen, which caused this change. Their goals are to feel more comfortable in their lives, reduce symptoms, or be ready to let go of something from their past which seems to keep getting in the way. They want to get better because they are ready to stop living an unhappy life.
My ideal client is ready to work and ready to make changes. They are open to "homework" and excited about feeling better. They may have been suffering from depression or anxiety their whole lives, or had something recently happen, which caused this change. Their goals are to feel more comfortable in their lives, reduce symptoms, or be ready to let go of something from their past which seems to keep getting in the way. They want to get better because they are ready to stop living an unhappy life.
(215) 608-9825 View (215) 608-9825
Photo of Thomas Walter Romanus, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CAADC
Thomas Walter Romanus
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, CAADC
Wayne, PA 19087
Perhaps you’ve been carrying more than your share for far too long, and the weight is starting to feel simply too heavy. On the outside you may appear capable and composed, but inside you feel anxious, stuck, or disconnected from the people you love most. You long for a space to exhale, feel understood, and not have to hold it all together. Therapy can offer both practical support and deeper healing—meeting you with compassion, honoring your story, and helping you feel grounded, connected, and whole again.
Perhaps you’ve been carrying more than your share for far too long, and the weight is starting to feel simply too heavy. On the outside you may appear capable and composed, but inside you feel anxious, stuck, or disconnected from the people you love most. You long for a space to exhale, feel understood, and not have to hold it all together. Therapy can offer both practical support and deeper healing—meeting you with compassion, honoring your story, and helping you feel grounded, connected, and whole again.
(267) 272-5845 View (267) 272-5845
Photo of John Bailey - Thriveworks Philadelphia Counseling and Life Coach, Counselor
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
(484) 989-7478 View (484) 989-7478
Photo of Kim Kaplan, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, DMT, LPC, CCTP
Kim Kaplan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, DMT, LPC, CCTP
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19119
When life feels overwhelming – whether you're struggling with depression, anxiety, grief, self-doubt, major life changes, or relationship challenges – I'm here to help you find your way through. I know it takes a great deal of courage to start therapy and how necessary it is to find the right fit. I create a safe space where you can feel truly heard and understood, and open to be yourself. My approach is warm, attentive, caring and nonjudgmental. I offer in-person options at Greenhouse Wellness Center or Walk & Talk sessions in Philadelphia, or via telehealth for PA residents.
When life feels overwhelming – whether you're struggling with depression, anxiety, grief, self-doubt, major life changes, or relationship challenges – I'm here to help you find your way through. I know it takes a great deal of courage to start therapy and how necessary it is to find the right fit. I create a safe space where you can feel truly heard and understood, and open to be yourself. My approach is warm, attentive, caring and nonjudgmental. I offer in-person options at Greenhouse Wellness Center or Walk & Talk sessions in Philadelphia, or via telehealth for PA residents.
(215) 278-4944 View (215) 278-4944
Thomas J. Gerbner, Ph.D.
Psychologist, PhD
Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004
Welcome. I am a licensed psychologist with over thirty years of having the privilege of helping others. I can offer you a goal-oriented, compassionate, and non-judgmental voice, as you seek relief from your distress. I work with a wide range of people and have a particular interest in couples counseling; pre-marital through divorce.
Welcome. I am a licensed psychologist with over thirty years of having the privilege of helping others. I can offer you a goal-oriented, compassionate, and non-judgmental voice, as you seek relief from your distress. I work with a wide range of people and have a particular interest in couples counseling; pre-marital through divorce.
(610) 572-2287 View (610) 572-2287
Photo of Jessica Supperer, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Jessica Supperer
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Hi! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in Philadelphia. I received my masters degree from Thomas Jefferson University (formally Philadelphia University) and have been practicing for 5 years. I work with individuals of all ages with primary focus on anxiety, depression, trauma, and addiction. However, I am a firm believer that everyone benefits from therapy- even if nothing feels "wrong". Sometimes we just need someone to actively listen, validate feelings, and provide a safe space and that is what I am here to do.
Hi! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in Philadelphia. I received my masters degree from Thomas Jefferson University (formally Philadelphia University) and have been practicing for 5 years. I work with individuals of all ages with primary focus on anxiety, depression, trauma, and addiction. However, I am a firm believer that everyone benefits from therapy- even if nothing feels "wrong". Sometimes we just need someone to actively listen, validate feelings, and provide a safe space and that is what I am here to do.
(267) 719-2127 View (267) 719-2127
Photo of Kate D'Amica Hostetter, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Kate D'Amica Hostetter
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
5 Endorsed
Fort Washington, PA 19034
Have you been struggling to understand your emotions, cope with changes or reduce depression, anxiety or guilt? Through encouragement and empowerment, we will work to reduce and heal the challenges you face. Having supported a wide variety of clients, I am passionate about working with both men and women to find and maintain freedom from their eating and co-occurring disorders by gently confronting barriers, building on strengths and challenging unhelpful relational and thought patterns. It is never too late to seek help and make change.
Have you been struggling to understand your emotions, cope with changes or reduce depression, anxiety or guilt? Through encouragement and empowerment, we will work to reduce and heal the challenges you face. Having supported a wide variety of clients, I am passionate about working with both men and women to find and maintain freedom from their eating and co-occurring disorders by gently confronting barriers, building on strengths and challenging unhelpful relational and thought patterns. It is never too late to seek help and make change.
(757) 568-7853 View (757) 568-7853
Photo of Dr. Cathy Coleman, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, DMFT, CLC
Dr. Cathy Coleman
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, DMFT, CLC
Serves Area
I am passionate about serving individuals, couples, and families who are working through various problems in life. My goal is to help you navigate the challenges of life and transition.
I am passionate about serving individuals, couples, and families who are working through various problems in life. My goal is to help you navigate the challenges of life and transition.
(717) 347-0858 View (717) 347-0858
Photo of Lydia (Fehintola) Lawson, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Lydia (Fehintola) Lawson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Downingtown, PA 19335
Lydia (Fehintola) Lawson is a Marriage and Family Therapist who creates a warm and calm environment so her clients can show up as their authentic selves. Seeking therapy is rarely an easy one, so whatever reason you are seeking therapy, Lydia cares about making sure you will feel seen, heard, and understood. By using a strengths-based approach it allows her clients to feel validated and that much more empowered to live and lead the lives they desire. Lydia believes healing is a journey and is passionate about meeting her clients where they are.
Lydia (Fehintola) Lawson is a Marriage and Family Therapist who creates a warm and calm environment so her clients can show up as their authentic selves. Seeking therapy is rarely an easy one, so whatever reason you are seeking therapy, Lydia cares about making sure you will feel seen, heard, and understood. By using a strengths-based approach it allows her clients to feel validated and that much more empowered to live and lead the lives they desire. Lydia believes healing is a journey and is passionate about meeting her clients where they are.
(215) 709-3103 View (215) 709-3103

See more therapy options for 19437

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 19437

< 10

Therapists in 19437 who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
75% Anxiety
75% Parenting
63% Grief
63% Trauma and PTSD
63% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 19437 see their clients

62% Online Only
38% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

71% Female
29% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 19437?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.