Therapists in 19171

Photo of Gustavo Klurfan, Counselor, MA, LPC
Gustavo Klurfan
Counselor, MA, LPC
Serves Area
I can help you find your unique strategies to deal with specific problems, conflicts, or Gordian knots, navigating the complexity of your personal psychological channels, to help you reach ports of clarity, decision making and pro-action for change.I offer Supervision for LPC license applicants.
I can help you find your unique strategies to deal with specific problems, conflicts, or Gordian knots, navigating the complexity of your personal psychological channels, to help you reach ports of clarity, decision making and pro-action for change.I offer Supervision for LPC license applicants.
(267) 656-6760 View (267) 656-6760

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Stephanie C Sanger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSS, LCSW,PA, LCSW,NJ
Stephanie C Sanger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSS, LCSW,PA, LCSW,NJ
Philadelphia, PA 19146
Are you sad or worried? Do you struggle with feeling not good enough in your work or with your relationships? Sometimes it seems that these feelings emerge without explanation, yet other times it feels like these feelings have been with you for years. Having these feelings or difficult memories can leave you feeling lonely, stuck, and isolated. I want to support you and help you to move forward into a happier life.
Are you sad or worried? Do you struggle with feeling not good enough in your work or with your relationships? Sometimes it seems that these feelings emerge without explanation, yet other times it feels like these feelings have been with you for years. Having these feelings or difficult memories can leave you feeling lonely, stuck, and isolated. I want to support you and help you to move forward into a happier life.
(267) 930-2797 View (267) 930-2797
Photo of Sarah Dyson, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Sarah Dyson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Newtown, PA 18940
I am dedicated to fostering emotional well-being and resilience for individuals of all ages. I specialize in providing support to children, teens, and adults facing a variety of challenges, including anxiety, depression, grief and loss, behavioral concerns, and autism. My background in school counseling allows me to assist you in navigating school concerns and processes, including IEPs, 504 Plans, and behavioral challenges.
I am dedicated to fostering emotional well-being and resilience for individuals of all ages. I specialize in providing support to children, teens, and adults facing a variety of challenges, including anxiety, depression, grief and loss, behavioral concerns, and autism. My background in school counseling allows me to assist you in navigating school concerns and processes, including IEPs, 504 Plans, and behavioral challenges.
(267) 626-5556 View (267) 626-5556
Photo of Jeuri Yoel German - Jeuri German Therapy LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jeuri German Therapy LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Blue Bell, PA 19422
You work hard to stay motivated and disciplined. Stress, overthinking, and the drive to make things perfect can hold you back from being your best. I help high performers, men, and athletes clear mental clutter, improve or break old patterns, and build stronger relationships while staying competitive. My approach is a mix of evidence-backed tools with honest and direct feedback. We'll look at your future goals, then focus on practical solutions in the present. With my coaching, you will strengthen your mind like you train your body and life.
You work hard to stay motivated and disciplined. Stress, overthinking, and the drive to make things perfect can hold you back from being your best. I help high performers, men, and athletes clear mental clutter, improve or break old patterns, and build stronger relationships while staying competitive. My approach is a mix of evidence-backed tools with honest and direct feedback. We'll look at your future goals, then focus on practical solutions in the present. With my coaching, you will strengthen your mind like you train your body and life.
(267) 508-7114 View (267) 508-7114
Nicole Sheehan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Media, PA 19063
Nicole Sheehan, M.Ed., LPC helps individuals and families in Pennsylvania navigate emotional and behavioral challenges with compassion and clinical expertise. Practicing at LifeStance Health, she supports children, teens, and young adults through difficult experiences, providing a safe space to process emotions and develop healthy coping skills. Nicole is passionate about building strong therapeutic relationships rooted in trust, empathy, and respect. Her individualized approach empowers clients to better understand themselves and make meaningful, lasting changes.
Nicole Sheehan, M.Ed., LPC helps individuals and families in Pennsylvania navigate emotional and behavioral challenges with compassion and clinical expertise. Practicing at LifeStance Health, she supports children, teens, and young adults through difficult experiences, providing a safe space to process emotions and develop healthy coping skills. Nicole is passionate about building strong therapeutic relationships rooted in trust, empathy, and respect. Her individualized approach empowers clients to better understand themselves and make meaningful, lasting changes.
(484) 642-0216 View (484) 642-0216
Photo of Ashara Cashaw, Psychologist, PsyD, MSW
Ashara Cashaw
Psychologist, PsyD, MSW
Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004
"Life is not merely being alive, but being well." With over 15 years of experience in providing therapeutic services for children/adolescents and their families, I strive to help my clients overcome obstacles to their peace of mind and well being. I am well versed in developing and implementing behaviorally based interventions to assist children/adolescents and their families with challenging behaviors often present with diagnosis like ADHD, ODD, Eating Disorders, and Bipolar Disorder. I also enjoy providing behavioral health consultation services for children, adolescents, and adults that struggle with managing chronic medical conditions.
"Life is not merely being alive, but being well." With over 15 years of experience in providing therapeutic services for children/adolescents and their families, I strive to help my clients overcome obstacles to their peace of mind and well being. I am well versed in developing and implementing behaviorally based interventions to assist children/adolescents and their families with challenging behaviors often present with diagnosis like ADHD, ODD, Eating Disorders, and Bipolar Disorder. I also enjoy providing behavioral health consultation services for children, adolescents, and adults that struggle with managing chronic medical conditions.
(484) 278-1659 View (484) 278-1659
Photo of Jason Powell, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST
Jason Powell
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST
Philadelphia, PA 19129
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) as well as a Certified Sex Therapist (CST) through AASECT. My work focuses on relationships and sex therapy, specifically centered on infidelity repair, communication issues, relationships on the brink, and those experiencing a range of intimacy blocks and challenges. I have been featured in AARP, Forbes, The Knot, and other leading media outlets sharing my insights and tips related to communication, sex, and marriage. I invite you to schedule a free consultation to discuss your unique circumstances and ways that I may be able to help.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) as well as a Certified Sex Therapist (CST) through AASECT. My work focuses on relationships and sex therapy, specifically centered on infidelity repair, communication issues, relationships on the brink, and those experiencing a range of intimacy blocks and challenges. I have been featured in AARP, Forbes, The Knot, and other leading media outlets sharing my insights and tips related to communication, sex, and marriage. I invite you to schedule a free consultation to discuss your unique circumstances and ways that I may be able to help.
(267) 458-4212 View (267) 458-4212
Photo of Jessica Creidler, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Jessica Creidler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Doylestown, PA 18902
I am passionate about supporting adolescents, teens and young adults struggling with a variety of concerns. I have worked with clients individually as well as in group therapy settings and have experience working with concerns relating to anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, self- esteem and relationship challenges. I also have experience working with the LGBTQIA community.
I am passionate about supporting adolescents, teens and young adults struggling with a variety of concerns. I have worked with clients individually as well as in group therapy settings and have experience working with concerns relating to anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, self- esteem and relationship challenges. I also have experience working with the LGBTQIA community.
(267) 204-2293 View (267) 204-2293
Photo of Kevin Caridad - Cognitive Behavior Institute, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cognitive Behavior Institute
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Philadelphia, PA 19111
Welcome to Cognitive Behavior Institute! We are committed to providing the best care possible through established treatment methods. These treatment methods are proven to be effective for a wide range of mental health diagnoses and psychological distresses. Cognitive Behavior Institute (CBI) is proud to employ adept licensed clinicians, board-certified psychiatrists, and compassionate administrative staff with diverse experience in their respective fields.
Welcome to Cognitive Behavior Institute! We are committed to providing the best care possible through established treatment methods. These treatment methods are proven to be effective for a wide range of mental health diagnoses and psychological distresses. Cognitive Behavior Institute (CBI) is proud to employ adept licensed clinicians, board-certified psychiatrists, and compassionate administrative staff with diverse experience in their respective fields.
(267) 867-5785 View (267) 867-5785
Photo of Stacy L Gilligan, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MS, LPC
Stacy L Gilligan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MS, LPC
Philadelphia, PA 19103
If you have a child who is struggling with behavioral issues and you just can't understand what is going on, come see me. I see children as young as 3 years old. Using play as their voice I will help your child with those issues by teaching coping skills and gently guiding them to think before acting. At times I will provide you with tools to use at home so your child has consistent support. I have experience working with children on the spectrum, ADHD, ADD, ODD, Conduct Disorder, and DMDD. I also have experience working with both children and adults with anxiety, panic attacks, depression, and trauma.
If you have a child who is struggling with behavioral issues and you just can't understand what is going on, come see me. I see children as young as 3 years old. Using play as their voice I will help your child with those issues by teaching coping skills and gently guiding them to think before acting. At times I will provide you with tools to use at home so your child has consistent support. I have experience working with children on the spectrum, ADHD, ADD, ODD, Conduct Disorder, and DMDD. I also have experience working with both children and adults with anxiety, panic attacks, depression, and trauma.
(610) 546-2614 View (610) 546-2614
Photo of Dawn Altman, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Dawn Altman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
1 Endorsed
Bryn Mawr, PA 19010
Are you feeling lost, disengaged, or disconnected from yourself? As a Jungian psychotherapist, I specialize in helping individuals navigate through life transitions such as midlife changes, divorce, parenthood, and grief. Issues like anxiety, depression, loss of vitality, disordered eating, and addiction often stem from deeper, unresolved concerns that require healing at their core. Together, we will explore and address these challenges to restore vibrancy and well-being. I also work with adults experiencing ADHD, anxiety, depression, and complex relational trauma with the goal of bringing you into relationship with your true self.
Are you feeling lost, disengaged, or disconnected from yourself? As a Jungian psychotherapist, I specialize in helping individuals navigate through life transitions such as midlife changes, divorce, parenthood, and grief. Issues like anxiety, depression, loss of vitality, disordered eating, and addiction often stem from deeper, unresolved concerns that require healing at their core. Together, we will explore and address these challenges to restore vibrancy and well-being. I also work with adults experiencing ADHD, anxiety, depression, and complex relational trauma with the goal of bringing you into relationship with your true self.
(610) 991-7737 View (610) 991-7737
Photo of Dr. Jacqueline Burke, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Jacqueline Burke
Psychologist, PsyD
North Wales, PA 19454
If you're feeling stuck, overwhelmed, ready to make some changes, or seek healing from past trauma or longstanding struggles, I can help. I am dedicated to providing services that are tailored to meet your unique needs, wants, and wellness goals. I'll collaborate closely with you to identify the root(s) of current concerns, changes you'd like to see, and how to best approach those changes to find relief and come into alignment with the life you truly want as effectively and efficiently as possible. Call/message here or via my website contact page to schedule a free phone consultation.
If you're feeling stuck, overwhelmed, ready to make some changes, or seek healing from past trauma or longstanding struggles, I can help. I am dedicated to providing services that are tailored to meet your unique needs, wants, and wellness goals. I'll collaborate closely with you to identify the root(s) of current concerns, changes you'd like to see, and how to best approach those changes to find relief and come into alignment with the life you truly want as effectively and efficiently as possible. Call/message here or via my website contact page to schedule a free phone consultation.
(267) 310-1624 View (267) 310-1624
Photo of Elena Saraga, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Elena Saraga
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
North Wales, PA 19454
Entering therapy is an act of self care that takes courage. It is an opportunity to take pause and honor who we are and how we got here. My approach is to encourage clients to dig deep into what it means to be happy, content, and fulfilled. This process is as much about the questions as it is the answers. I work collaboratively with clients to better understand themselves and their relationships, build insight and distress tolerance, and to develop a "toolbox" to better communicate and relate with their loved ones. Combined, this results in a refined awareness of self and a deeper permission to feel, change, and grow.
Entering therapy is an act of self care that takes courage. It is an opportunity to take pause and honor who we are and how we got here. My approach is to encourage clients to dig deep into what it means to be happy, content, and fulfilled. This process is as much about the questions as it is the answers. I work collaboratively with clients to better understand themselves and their relationships, build insight and distress tolerance, and to develop a "toolbox" to better communicate and relate with their loved ones. Combined, this results in a refined awareness of self and a deeper permission to feel, change, and grow.
(215) 867-6680 View (215) 867-6680
Photo of Deborah Seagull, Psychologist, PhD
Deborah Seagull
Psychologist, PhD
Philadelphia, PA 19107
I have been in practice for eighteen years. I work deeply and compassionately with patients focusing on the underlying issues of many common psychological problems. Therapist and patient work together to discover both positive and negative feelings about oneself, and what gets in the way of feeling good and making positive and healthy choices. This includes within oneself as well as in relationships. I work extensively with patients with health issues, especially cancer patients. I know how deep the changes that come from working this way can be, and have faith in the enormous benefit to patients.
I have been in practice for eighteen years. I work deeply and compassionately with patients focusing on the underlying issues of many common psychological problems. Therapist and patient work together to discover both positive and negative feelings about oneself, and what gets in the way of feeling good and making positive and healthy choices. This includes within oneself as well as in relationships. I work extensively with patients with health issues, especially cancer patients. I know how deep the changes that come from working this way can be, and have faith in the enormous benefit to patients.
(215) 649-7265 View (215) 649-7265
Photo of Katharine Miles - Take Your Time Counseling LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Take Your Time Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19130
Take Your Next Step to Thriving with Take Your Time Counseling- Therapy at Your Pace, for Your Brain. Located in the heart of Uptown New Orleans, Take Your Time Counseling specializes in providing compassionate, expert mental health counseling tailored to the unique needs of high-achieving adults and adolescents—with a specialty in working with those who are neurodivergent or navigating learning differences and disabilities. Whether you’re managing the pressures of success, balancing demanding goals, facing anxiety/depression, or navigating a world built for neurotypical brains I'm here to help you unmask, unwind, and understand.
Take Your Next Step to Thriving with Take Your Time Counseling- Therapy at Your Pace, for Your Brain. Located in the heart of Uptown New Orleans, Take Your Time Counseling specializes in providing compassionate, expert mental health counseling tailored to the unique needs of high-achieving adults and adolescents—with a specialty in working with those who are neurodivergent or navigating learning differences and disabilities. Whether you’re managing the pressures of success, balancing demanding goals, facing anxiety/depression, or navigating a world built for neurotypical brains I'm here to help you unmask, unwind, and understand.
(504) 385-0775 View (504) 385-0775
Photo of Alex Gross, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Alex Gross
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Alex is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Certified EMDR Therapist. With over 16 years of experience working with culturally and socioeconomically diverse populations of adults, adolescents, and families in a variety of settings, including residential, inpatient, and outpatient settings, he specializes in the treatment of trauma and related challenges. His areas of specialization also include the treatment of anxiety and depression, mood disorders, relationship challenges, attentional and behavioral difficulties, performance enhancement, anger and stress management. He provides individual, couples, and family therapies.
Alex is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Certified EMDR Therapist. With over 16 years of experience working with culturally and socioeconomically diverse populations of adults, adolescents, and families in a variety of settings, including residential, inpatient, and outpatient settings, he specializes in the treatment of trauma and related challenges. His areas of specialization also include the treatment of anxiety and depression, mood disorders, relationship challenges, attentional and behavioral difficulties, performance enhancement, anger and stress management. He provides individual, couples, and family therapies.
(215) 395-8274 View (215) 395-8274
Photo of Megan Ellow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Megan Ellow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Media, PA 19063
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, stressed or irritable all the time? Maybe you have a lot on your plate- a tough job, parenting, family responsibilities. You feel tired a lot but at night you can't shut off your brain enough to relax and sleep. You might struggle to ask for help because you're used to doing it all yourself. Maybe you also need to process some trauma or some difficult childhood experiences. You just know you need someone to talk to about everything and hopefully find a way to feel better.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, anxious, stressed or irritable all the time? Maybe you have a lot on your plate- a tough job, parenting, family responsibilities. You feel tired a lot but at night you can't shut off your brain enough to relax and sleep. You might struggle to ask for help because you're used to doing it all yourself. Maybe you also need to process some trauma or some difficult childhood experiences. You just know you need someone to talk to about everything and hopefully find a way to feel better.
(610) 708-1701 View (610) 708-1701
Photo of Mike Rosen, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS Ed, WFR
Mike Rosen
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS Ed, WFR
6 Endorsed
Philadelphia, PA 19103
How come no one ever taught us how to heal from heartbreak, handle panic attacks, or explore pleasure without shame? Why do we stay stuck in cycles that drain us, reaching for the same people, pills, and patterns that trapped us yesterday? My sessions are hands-on and honest—I help you develop real skills to escape bad habits so you can become the author of your story. I specialize in rekindling trust and eroticism in relationships and supporting men through mental health challenges without stigma. I also take pride in the work I do in schools and with teens. Are you tired of skin-deep solutions? Message me. Let's get started!
How come no one ever taught us how to heal from heartbreak, handle panic attacks, or explore pleasure without shame? Why do we stay stuck in cycles that drain us, reaching for the same people, pills, and patterns that trapped us yesterday? My sessions are hands-on and honest—I help you develop real skills to escape bad habits so you can become the author of your story. I specialize in rekindling trust and eroticism in relationships and supporting men through mental health challenges without stigma. I also take pride in the work I do in schools and with teens. Are you tired of skin-deep solutions? Message me. Let's get started!
(518) 765-1107 View (518) 765-1107
Photo of Hanna Lee, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Hanna Lee
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Philadelphia, PA 19109
I am a disabled and neurodivergent Korean-American art therapist and art educator with an extensive background in working with people of various ages and abilities. As an art therapist, I enjoy operating from eclectic frameworks that critically examine dominant ideologies while providing opportunities for dismantling systemic barriers and recontextualizing issues by examining how these norms shape self-concepts and realities, especially for those who do not identify with dominant cultures.
I am a disabled and neurodivergent Korean-American art therapist and art educator with an extensive background in working with people of various ages and abilities. As an art therapist, I enjoy operating from eclectic frameworks that critically examine dominant ideologies while providing opportunities for dismantling systemic barriers and recontextualizing issues by examining how these norms shape self-concepts and realities, especially for those who do not identify with dominant cultures.
(267) 356-5880 View (267) 356-5880
Photo of Toyye Hargrove, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Toyye Hargrove
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Philadelphia, PA 19104
Toyye Hargrove is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2019. She has a Master’s of Science in Counseling. Toyye is dedicated to listening, processing, and assisting clients with developing their own solutions without judgement and with hopes of developing an improved mindset and overall well-being. Outside of work, Toyye enjoys dancing, spending time with family, and cooking.
Toyye Hargrove is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Pennsylvania who has been practicing since 2019. She has a Master’s of Science in Counseling. Toyye is dedicated to listening, processing, and assisting clients with developing their own solutions without judgement and with hopes of developing an improved mindset and overall well-being. Outside of work, Toyye enjoys dancing, spending time with family, and cooking.
(267) 490-3624 View (267) 490-3624

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 19171

< 10

Therapists in 19171 who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Grief
100% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)
100% Parenting
100% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

23 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% AmeriHealth
100% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in 19171 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 19171?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.