Therapists in 15220

Photo of Laura N Hathaway, Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC, PMH-C
Laura N Hathaway
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC, PMH-C
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
I believe that each person should be treated with compassion and understanding. I have experience working with a variety of clients. I have worked with children and adolescents struggling with depression, anxiety, behavioral issues, and trauma. I’ve also worked with adults in many of these same areas, in addition to parenting issues, addictions, and relational issues. I have been in private practice for the last 7 years. Prior to that, I worked in an outpatient clinic for 5 years specializing in faith based counseling. I have worked in both outpatient and partial hospital settings.
I believe that each person should be treated with compassion and understanding. I have experience working with a variety of clients. I have worked with children and adolescents struggling with depression, anxiety, behavioral issues, and trauma. I’ve also worked with adults in many of these same areas, in addition to parenting issues, addictions, and relational issues. I have been in private practice for the last 7 years. Prior to that, I worked in an outpatient clinic for 5 years specializing in faith based counseling. I have worked in both outpatient and partial hospital settings.
(412) 837-8131 View (412) 837-8131
Photo of Alyssa Kline, Associate Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LAPC
Alyssa Kline
Associate Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LAPC
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Welcome! I am a mental health therapist working toward becoming a Licensed Professional Counselor. I earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology and Anthropology and a Master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of Pittsburgh. I support clients facing a range of challenges including anxiety, depression, neurodivergence, life transitions, social conflicts, and executive functioning difficulties. I use a strengths-based, person-centered approach and often integrates Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, and Behavioral techniques.
Welcome! I am a mental health therapist working toward becoming a Licensed Professional Counselor. I earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology and Anthropology and a Master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of Pittsburgh. I support clients facing a range of challenges including anxiety, depression, neurodivergence, life transitions, social conflicts, and executive functioning difficulties. I use a strengths-based, person-centered approach and often integrates Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, and Behavioral techniques.
(412) 899-1621 View (412) 899-1621
Photo of Emily Green, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Emily Green
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Life can be troublesome especially with adding a global pandemic into the mix. I aim to guide you through obstacles with a person-centered approach as I believe every individual is different and will tailor treatment to your specific needs.
Life can be troublesome especially with adding a global pandemic into the mix. I aim to guide you through obstacles with a person-centered approach as I believe every individual is different and will tailor treatment to your specific needs.
(412) 725-0397 View (412) 725-0397
Photo of Kris Manning, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Kris Manning
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
2 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Don’t give up. Did you know that you have the right to choose a new therapist as many times as it takes to find one that works for you? Many people feel stuck with an ineffective therapist, and that can feel like therapy doesn’t work. With the help of a trusted therapist you can gain the awareness and skills to cope better, feel better, and do better for yourself. I hope to be that therapist for you. I believe that you are the expert in your own life. In therapy, your part is to be honest with yourself, open to new ideas, and willing to make changes. My only job is to guide and support you on your journey of self-discovery.
Don’t give up. Did you know that you have the right to choose a new therapist as many times as it takes to find one that works for you? Many people feel stuck with an ineffective therapist, and that can feel like therapy doesn’t work. With the help of a trusted therapist you can gain the awareness and skills to cope better, feel better, and do better for yourself. I hope to be that therapist for you. I believe that you are the expert in your own life. In therapy, your part is to be honest with yourself, open to new ideas, and willing to make changes. My only job is to guide and support you on your journey of self-discovery.
(412) 977-3783 View (412) 977-3783
Photo of Paula S Kassouf, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS , LPC
Paula S Kassouf
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS , LPC
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
As a Licensed Professional Counselor I have been providing compassionate, caring and respectful therapy for more than 20 years. I have experience working with women, men, and families as they navigate through life transitions. I focus on healing and strengths for those experiencing Depression, Anxiety, addiction, families of those suffering with substance abuse issues, women’s mental health, domestic violence issues, grief and Loss, and trauma related issues. I believe we all have the answers inside us and sometimes we just need help navigating through to find those answers. Healing is is possible!
As a Licensed Professional Counselor I have been providing compassionate, caring and respectful therapy for more than 20 years. I have experience working with women, men, and families as they navigate through life transitions. I focus on healing and strengths for those experiencing Depression, Anxiety, addiction, families of those suffering with substance abuse issues, women’s mental health, domestic violence issues, grief and Loss, and trauma related issues. I believe we all have the answers inside us and sometimes we just need help navigating through to find those answers. Healing is is possible!
(412) 850-4390 View (412) 850-4390
Photo of Paula Kauffman Oberly, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, BCC, ACS
Paula Kauffman Oberly
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, BCC, ACS
20 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
My goal is to help you gain the insights & tools to feel successful and satisfied. I have an eclectic strengths-based approach integrating Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Adlerian Theory, creative expression and bibliotherapy. I provide a variety of services, including: Individual, Family, and Group Therapy for all ages. Including Grief and Parent Counseling.
My goal is to help you gain the insights & tools to feel successful and satisfied. I have an eclectic strengths-based approach integrating Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Adlerian Theory, creative expression and bibliotherapy. I provide a variety of services, including: Individual, Family, and Group Therapy for all ages. Including Grief and Parent Counseling.
(412) 387-7595 View (412) 387-7595
Photo of James (Jay) A McGuire, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CAADC, SAP
James (Jay) A McGuire
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CAADC, SAP
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
We develop strategies early in life to ensure our safety. As adults, we often find these strategies are no longer effective and often harmful. As a survivor of complex trauma and a family history of generational alcohol & substance abuse, I believe individuals can and do recover. My personal journey led me to pursue a career helping others to overcome the baggage of their past.
We develop strategies early in life to ensure our safety. As adults, we often find these strategies are no longer effective and often harmful. As a survivor of complex trauma and a family history of generational alcohol & substance abuse, I believe individuals can and do recover. My personal journey led me to pursue a career helping others to overcome the baggage of their past.
(412) 900-8213 View (412) 900-8213
Photo of Kevin Caridad - Cognitive Behavior Institute, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cognitive Behavior Institute
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Welcome to Cognitive Behavior Institute! We are committed to providing the best care possible through established treatment methods. These treatment methods are proven to be effective for a wide range of mental health diagnoses and psychological distresses. Cognitive Behavior Institute (CBI) is proud to employ adept licensed clinicians, board-certified psychiatrists, and compassionate administrative staff with diverse experience in their respective fields.
Welcome to Cognitive Behavior Institute! We are committed to providing the best care possible through established treatment methods. These treatment methods are proven to be effective for a wide range of mental health diagnoses and psychological distresses. Cognitive Behavior Institute (CBI) is proud to employ adept licensed clinicians, board-certified psychiatrists, and compassionate administrative staff with diverse experience in their respective fields.
(412) 307-9897 View (412) 307-9897
Photo of Joe Trecki, Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, LPC
Joe Trecki
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, LPC
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Sometimes life can feel a little overwhelming. This holds true for young kids, teens, and adults. In my therapy, I use a variety of techniques and approaches to meet my clients where they are and utilize their strengths in order to get them to achieve their goals regardless of their age, gender, or orientation. Together, we will identify strengths, skills, and resources that you will turn into opportunity and growth. We will focus on the solution and not the problem. Greatness is just being better than you were yesterday!
Sometimes life can feel a little overwhelming. This holds true for young kids, teens, and adults. In my therapy, I use a variety of techniques and approaches to meet my clients where they are and utilize their strengths in order to get them to achieve their goals regardless of their age, gender, or orientation. Together, we will identify strengths, skills, and resources that you will turn into opportunity and growth. We will focus on the solution and not the problem. Greatness is just being better than you were yesterday!
(412) 520-3934 View (412) 520-3934
Photo of Valerie McIntyre - Valiant Minds Counseling: Valerie McIntyre, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ADHD-, CCSP
Valiant Minds Counseling: Valerie McIntyre, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, ADHD-, CCSP
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Life can feel overwhelming when stress, anxiety, ADHD, or unresolved trauma get in the way of your goals. You may struggle with focus, motivation, or confidence, or find yourself repeating old patterns that leave you feeling stuck. What you want is clarity, healthier coping strategies, and a greater sense of balance in your daily life. At Valiant Minds Counseling, we provide a safe, supportive space to explore challenges, build resilience, and discover practical tools that help you create lasting change and move toward a more fulfilling, empowered future.
Life can feel overwhelming when stress, anxiety, ADHD, or unresolved trauma get in the way of your goals. You may struggle with focus, motivation, or confidence, or find yourself repeating old patterns that leave you feeling stuck. What you want is clarity, healthier coping strategies, and a greater sense of balance in your daily life. At Valiant Minds Counseling, we provide a safe, supportive space to explore challenges, build resilience, and discover practical tools that help you create lasting change and move toward a more fulfilling, empowered future.
(412) 231-9838 View (412) 231-9838
Photo of Jeremy Seger - Catalyst Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Catalyst Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
As your counselor my goal is to work with you to create a warm and inviting environment so that therapeutic change can take place. I connect with my clients through respect, honesty, compassion and humor. I have worked in a wide variety of settings and with many different kinds of clients and problems. Throughout my career, I have helped individuals cope with stress, anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem, grief and loss, problems within family systems and relationships, trauma-related issues, addictions and substance abuse, and transition to new environments and social settings.
As your counselor my goal is to work with you to create a warm and inviting environment so that therapeutic change can take place. I connect with my clients through respect, honesty, compassion and humor. I have worked in a wide variety of settings and with many different kinds of clients and problems. Throughout my career, I have helped individuals cope with stress, anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem, grief and loss, problems within family systems and relationships, trauma-related issues, addictions and substance abuse, and transition to new environments and social settings.
(412) 776-0420 View (412) 776-0420
Photo of Mary Graham, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Mary Graham
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
I firmly believe that while each individual has their own journey to travel throughout life, we are not meant to traverse life on our own. My 10+ years of experience in crisis services has proven to me that none of us are immune to needing help. Therapy is difficult work but can provide you with a greater understanding of yourself and your relationships. I am passionate about assisting adults experiencing anxiety, low self-esteem, discord in relationships, stress, recovering from trauma, divorce, and other life transitions.
I firmly believe that while each individual has their own journey to travel throughout life, we are not meant to traverse life on our own. My 10+ years of experience in crisis services has proven to me that none of us are immune to needing help. Therapy is difficult work but can provide you with a greater understanding of yourself and your relationships. I am passionate about assisting adults experiencing anxiety, low self-esteem, discord in relationships, stress, recovering from trauma, divorce, and other life transitions.
(412) 873-3714 x559 View (412) 873-3714 x559
Photo of Timothy J Pail, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Timothy J Pail
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Many of us face challenges everyday. Some are life changing events and others are day to day concerns that require great effort. Regardless of the challenge we need to find healthy ways to accept and cope with these hardships that are affecting our overall quality of life. You find yourself wanting and/or needing to find a change on how you respond to these difficulties but taking the steps and putting in the work to make the necessary changes are not easy but are doable.
Many of us face challenges everyday. Some are life changing events and others are day to day concerns that require great effort. Regardless of the challenge we need to find healthy ways to accept and cope with these hardships that are affecting our overall quality of life. You find yourself wanting and/or needing to find a change on how you respond to these difficulties but taking the steps and putting in the work to make the necessary changes are not easy but are doable.
(412) 946-8903 View (412) 946-8903
Photo of Rachael French, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MSCP
Rachael French
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MSCP
3 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Many of my clients are making exciting but often daunting transitions - from Jr High to High School or High School to College, ending or beginning new relationships and careers. Change is so often viewed with anxiety and negativity. Yet, change is happening all around us every day. How can we make change a positive experience in our lives? How can we choose to change something that is not working? How can we learn and grow from a challenging experience? As a counselor, I believe my job is to create a space where clients can explore these and other topics, in a way that ultimately positively impacts their day to day lives.
Many of my clients are making exciting but often daunting transitions - from Jr High to High School or High School to College, ending or beginning new relationships and careers. Change is so often viewed with anxiety and negativity. Yet, change is happening all around us every day. How can we make change a positive experience in our lives? How can we choose to change something that is not working? How can we learn and grow from a challenging experience? As a counselor, I believe my job is to create a space where clients can explore these and other topics, in a way that ultimately positively impacts their day to day lives.
(878) 313-2170 View (878) 313-2170
Photo of Scott Windham, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Scott Windham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
I work with clients who struggle with issues such as anxiety, depression, compulsive behaviors or thoughts, feelings of inadequacy or patterns of self sabotage and want to understand their thoughts and behaviors to find more effective ways to manage them. Many of those I work with are healthcare professionals or others in caring roles who give so much to others that they neglect their own needs. Together, we focus on restoring balance, building coping skills, and regaining a sense of control.
I work with clients who struggle with issues such as anxiety, depression, compulsive behaviors or thoughts, feelings of inadequacy or patterns of self sabotage and want to understand their thoughts and behaviors to find more effective ways to manage them. Many of those I work with are healthcare professionals or others in caring roles who give so much to others that they neglect their own needs. Together, we focus on restoring balance, building coping skills, and regaining a sense of control.
(412) 293-0097 View (412) 293-0097
Photo of Jen Jasiekiewicz, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPCC-S
Jen Jasiekiewicz
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPCC-S
2 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
I work with a great variety of individuals from all walks of life. I hope to help you build the confidence and skills you need to manage the stressors in your world. Together we can work on reinforcing your strengths, and I can help you to learn new skills to be able to manage your troubles. Areas of clinical focus include (but are not limited to) Trauma, Anxiety, Panic, Adjustment to College or Work, Depression, ADHD, Anger Management, LGBTQIA+ concerns, Codependency, and Phase of Life issues. I work primarily with adults and also have specific training in trauma treatment (CCTP certification).
I work with a great variety of individuals from all walks of life. I hope to help you build the confidence and skills you need to manage the stressors in your world. Together we can work on reinforcing your strengths, and I can help you to learn new skills to be able to manage your troubles. Areas of clinical focus include (but are not limited to) Trauma, Anxiety, Panic, Adjustment to College or Work, Depression, ADHD, Anger Management, LGBTQIA+ concerns, Codependency, and Phase of Life issues. I work primarily with adults and also have specific training in trauma treatment (CCTP certification).
(412) 308-5505 View (412) 308-5505
Photo of Brady Swanson, Associate Professional Counselor, LAPC, MS
Brady Swanson
Associate Professional Counselor, LAPC, MS
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Have you ever wondered if therapy could help you explore your personal identity or better understand your relationships in life? As a queer and nonbinary individual living in Pittsburgh, I know firsthand how transformative counseling can be in embracing one’s diverse identity and understanding the hardships of life. I am passionate about working with people who are navigating their unique journeys and expression.
Have you ever wondered if therapy could help you explore your personal identity or better understand your relationships in life? As a queer and nonbinary individual living in Pittsburgh, I know firsthand how transformative counseling can be in embracing one’s diverse identity and understanding the hardships of life. I am passionate about working with people who are navigating their unique journeys and expression.
(412) 203-9581 x563 View (412) 203-9581 x563
Photo of Melissa Knorr, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH
Melissa Knorr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH
1 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
We all long for connection. It’s part of what makes us human. But disconnection from ourselves creates a barrier to connecting outward. Therapy isn’t just about alleviating symptoms—it’s about creating a more secure and trusting connection to self. We do that through deepening our understanding of ourselves within the broader context of our lived experience. When we make sense of how we've come to be who we are, we can begin to transform the parts of ourselves that hold us back from becoming who we’re meant to be.
We all long for connection. It’s part of what makes us human. But disconnection from ourselves creates a barrier to connecting outward. Therapy isn’t just about alleviating symptoms—it’s about creating a more secure and trusting connection to self. We do that through deepening our understanding of ourselves within the broader context of our lived experience. When we make sense of how we've come to be who we are, we can begin to transform the parts of ourselves that hold us back from becoming who we’re meant to be.
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Photo of Jillian McVay, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Jillian McVay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
It is my belief that every person has the ability to reach their potential and live a fulfilling life. Therapy can provide an outlet and a safe, supportive, non-judgmental space to explore and better understand yourself and your potential. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker working with adult clients with a variety of mental health concerns. I work with clients dealing with trauma, abuse, anxiety, depression, personal and workplace stress, grief and loss, parenting stress, self-esteem issues, life transitions, and health/medical stress. I specialize in working with first responders and their families.
It is my belief that every person has the ability to reach their potential and live a fulfilling life. Therapy can provide an outlet and a safe, supportive, non-judgmental space to explore and better understand yourself and your potential. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker working with adult clients with a variety of mental health concerns. I work with clients dealing with trauma, abuse, anxiety, depression, personal and workplace stress, grief and loss, parenting stress, self-esteem issues, life transitions, and health/medical stress. I specialize in working with first responders and their families.
(412) 455-6890 View (412) 455-6890
Photo of Adam Oshnock - Relationship Resolutions of Pennsylvania, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Relationship Resolutions of Pennsylvania
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Pittsburgh, PA 15220
Relationship Resolutions serves the greater Pittsburgh area, with offices in Shadyside, Greentree, Canonsburg, and Cranberry. We provide support and treatment for a wide range of mental health and emotional well-being areas, including couples therapy, grief/loss, depression, anxiety, ADHD, and stress management to help you get back to feeling your best. Relationship Resolutions has experienced clinicians on staff including Licensed Professional Counselors who serve children, adolescents, and adults and will work with you to meet your specific needs and goals.
Relationship Resolutions serves the greater Pittsburgh area, with offices in Shadyside, Greentree, Canonsburg, and Cranberry. We provide support and treatment for a wide range of mental health and emotional well-being areas, including couples therapy, grief/loss, depression, anxiety, ADHD, and stress management to help you get back to feeling your best. Relationship Resolutions has experienced clinicians on staff including Licensed Professional Counselors who serve children, adolescents, and adults and will work with you to meet your specific needs and goals.
(412) 954-0219 View (412) 954-0219

See more therapy options for 15220

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 15220

90+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in 15220 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
87% Depression
74% Self Esteem
68% Coping Skills
65% Trauma and PTSD
61% Stress
60% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

92% Highmark
85% Aetna
80% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 15220 see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

66% Female
27% Male
7% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 15220?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.