Photo of Hollie Colwell, Counselor, MS, LMHC, EMDR, IFS
Hollie Colwell
Counselor, MS, LMHC, EMDR, IFS
Verified Verified
Buffalo, NY 14209
Waitlist for new clients
In a world filled with challenges, your struggles are real. Seeking help is a courageous step. If talk therapy and coping skills have fallen short, it’s time for a new approach. This isn’t your traditional therapy. I’m here for the authentic, messy parts of you, offering more than symptom management and coping. I help people rapidly reclaim their lives, finding lasting relief in just a few sessions and true healing within months. By addressing the root cause, we break cycles of suffering at their core. If you're ready for deep, transformative healing, I invite you to reach out. Healing and joy are ahead!
In a world filled with challenges, your struggles are real. Seeking help is a courageous step. If talk therapy and coping skills have fallen short, it’s time for a new approach. This isn’t your traditional therapy. I’m here for the authentic, messy parts of you, offering more than symptom management and coping. I help people rapidly reclaim their lives, finding lasting relief in just a few sessions and true healing within months. By addressing the root cause, we break cycles of suffering at their core. If you're ready for deep, transformative healing, I invite you to reach out. Healing and joy are ahead!
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Photo of Sarah Michelle Karpinski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CSSW
Sarah Michelle Karpinski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CSSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14209
Waitlist for new clients
Seeking out help is not an easy thing to do! I use a strengths based approach when guiding you through your wellness journey. I have been working with children, adolescents, adults and families for approximately 20 years. I specialize in helping clients learn to cope with anxiety and depression, improving interpersonal relationships, and improving overall mental health and wellness. One day or day one, the choice is yours.
Seeking out help is not an easy thing to do! I use a strengths based approach when guiding you through your wellness journey. I have been working with children, adolescents, adults and families for approximately 20 years. I specialize in helping clients learn to cope with anxiety and depression, improving interpersonal relationships, and improving overall mental health and wellness. One day or day one, the choice is yours.
(716) 293-2660 View (716) 293-2660
Photo of Ben Kerman, Psychologist, PhD
Ben Kerman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am an experienced evidence-driven licensed clinical psychologist who brings a solution-focused, collaborative approach to all my work. For over 30 years, I've created, provided, evaluated, and improved effective services for individuals and families. Throughout, my best partners have been the dedicated families and faculties at places like Yale Child Study Center (post-doc fellowship), University of Rhode Island (Ph.D.) and several community health centers, agencies, and hospitals.
I am an experienced evidence-driven licensed clinical psychologist who brings a solution-focused, collaborative approach to all my work. For over 30 years, I've created, provided, evaluated, and improved effective services for individuals and families. Throughout, my best partners have been the dedicated families and faculties at places like Yale Child Study Center (post-doc fellowship), University of Rhode Island (Ph.D.) and several community health centers, agencies, and hospitals.
(716) 454-1761 View (716) 454-1761
Photo of Jakob Smidt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jakob Smidt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Buffalo, NY 14209
Not accepting new clients
If you are struggling right now, working together with a trained, caring, an objective person can be very helpful. You may not be sure how to choose a therapist you can work with and begin the process of feeling better. That makes sense because it is difficult to open up to a stranger about the challenges in life. You may have tried therapy before, and it did not help, or you did not "click" with the therapist you had chosen. If this sounds familiar to you, you are not alone.
If you are struggling right now, working together with a trained, caring, an objective person can be very helpful. You may not be sure how to choose a therapist you can work with and begin the process of feeling better. That makes sense because it is difficult to open up to a stranger about the challenges in life. You may have tried therapy before, and it did not help, or you did not "click" with the therapist you had chosen. If this sounds familiar to you, you are not alone.
(716) 296-4399 View (716) 296-4399
Photo of Erin Giardina, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR
Erin Giardina
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSWR
Verified Verified
Buffalo, NY 14209
Life can be a tumultuous journey, full of ups, downs, and unpredictable twists and turns. Even when life begins to settle, our own minds can create upheaval and send us spinning into chaos once again. It can be like this for all of us, and no one should have to trudge through it on their own. At it's worst, we can feel completely broken, stuck, ashamed, lost, and we suffer. You are not alone, and you no longer need to feel alone in your struggle. Whether it is life transitions, relationships, the past, depression, anxieties, or whatever has you stuck or spiraling at this time, you have come to the right place.
Life can be a tumultuous journey, full of ups, downs, and unpredictable twists and turns. Even when life begins to settle, our own minds can create upheaval and send us spinning into chaos once again. It can be like this for all of us, and no one should have to trudge through it on their own. At it's worst, we can feel completely broken, stuck, ashamed, lost, and we suffer. You are not alone, and you no longer need to feel alone in your struggle. Whether it is life transitions, relationships, the past, depression, anxieties, or whatever has you stuck or spiraling at this time, you have come to the right place.
(716) 265-6038 View (716) 265-6038
Photo of Dana Pask, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Dana Pask
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Online Only
Dana earned his Master's degree in Social Work from the University at Buffalo and has worked in the mental health field since 2009. He has lived in the Midwest, West, South and different parts of New York State. Dana's work has brought him to community, healthcare, residential and clinical settings. He enjoys traveling, adventures and is somewhat of a rolling stone. Dana enjoys working with people from all walks of life. He hopes to work with those who are willing to be kind to themselves, to invest in themselves and those who are open to practicing some regular self-care.
Dana earned his Master's degree in Social Work from the University at Buffalo and has worked in the mental health field since 2009. He has lived in the Midwest, West, South and different parts of New York State. Dana's work has brought him to community, healthcare, residential and clinical settings. He enjoys traveling, adventures and is somewhat of a rolling stone. Dana enjoys working with people from all walks of life. He hopes to work with those who are willing to be kind to themselves, to invest in themselves and those who are open to practicing some regular self-care.
(716) 466-5830 View (716) 466-5830
Photo of Stephen Finn Miller, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Stephen Finn Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14209
Waitlist for new clients
In my work as a therapist, I have helped children, families, parents, and adults cope with and overcome a wide range of challenges such as PTSD, grief, depression, anxiety, anger and stress management, parenting and relationship challenges, and life transitions. In the process of doing so, I have learned that we all possess a tremendous capacity for healing and growth.
In my work as a therapist, I have helped children, families, parents, and adults cope with and overcome a wide range of challenges such as PTSD, grief, depression, anxiety, anger and stress management, parenting and relationship challenges, and life transitions. In the process of doing so, I have learned that we all possess a tremendous capacity for healing and growth.
(716) 265-4733 View (716) 265-4733
Photo of Seaghan Coleman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Seaghan Coleman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14209
Note: I am transitioning to ketamine assisted psychedelic (KAP) and MDMA once that becomes available. I am a master therapist and trainer. I love exploring how people have become distorted from their true nature and lose touch with what matters most to them. The work is to help us all clear the distortions so we can return to who we are: awake, kind, free. I often practice using EMDR, Buddhist Psychology, spiritual practice, exploring the nature of satisfaction/dissatisfaction and the nature of self, as well as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy.
Note: I am transitioning to ketamine assisted psychedelic (KAP) and MDMA once that becomes available. I am a master therapist and trainer. I love exploring how people have become distorted from their true nature and lose touch with what matters most to them. The work is to help us all clear the distortions so we can return to who we are: awake, kind, free. I often practice using EMDR, Buddhist Psychology, spiritual practice, exploring the nature of satisfaction/dissatisfaction and the nature of self, as well as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy.
(716) 710-8854 View (716) 710-8854
Photo of Dominique Walkowiak, Counselor, LMHC
Dominique Walkowiak
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14209
There are times when life seems overwhelming. Everything is confusing and frustrating and it feels like you’ll never be at peace: anxiety, depression, anger and self-doubt give way to issues in relationships, inability to fulfill responsibilities at work or home, and turning to unhealthy coping behaviors. Since you’re reading this, you want out of this endless cycle and to live differently. Maybe you want to be able to build healthier relationships with those around you. Do you want to be a better partner, parent or friend?
There are times when life seems overwhelming. Everything is confusing and frustrating and it feels like you’ll never be at peace: anxiety, depression, anger and self-doubt give way to issues in relationships, inability to fulfill responsibilities at work or home, and turning to unhealthy coping behaviors. Since you’re reading this, you want out of this endless cycle and to live differently. Maybe you want to be able to build healthier relationships with those around you. Do you want to be a better partner, parent or friend?
(716) 229-4352 View (716) 229-4352
Photo of Alexis Pena, Counselor, MS, LMHC
Alexis Pena
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14209
Just another PT profile, right? Let's look closer. I see you've been trying to find a therapist and someone you can connect with. You may have experience in therapy and are looking to get back at it, or maybe this whole thing is confusing, and you don't know where to start. I am a licensed therapist that happens to be a flawed human. While there are a wide array of issues that I treat, I am most interested in helping other humans address issues with addiction, complex trauma, dissociation, chronic pain and illness.
Just another PT profile, right? Let's look closer. I see you've been trying to find a therapist and someone you can connect with. You may have experience in therapy and are looking to get back at it, or maybe this whole thing is confusing, and you don't know where to start. I am a licensed therapist that happens to be a flawed human. While there are a wide array of issues that I treat, I am most interested in helping other humans address issues with addiction, complex trauma, dissociation, chronic pain and illness.
(716) 489-8988 View (716) 489-8988
Photo of Nicole Brown, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MFT
Nicole Brown
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Buffalo, NY 14209
Are you having a hard time relating to your partner? Are you communicating but it seems as if nothing is changing? Do you desire better communication or want to enhance intimacy? Are you stressed about things continually happening in your life? Does dealing with things seem to be just too hard to do? Would you like to begin to feel as if you have some sense of control again? I understand that dealing with various life events, relationships, traumas, and even one’s own self can be overwhelming. These (seemingly minor) events can contribute to emotional issues that affect one’s health and general well-being. *New clients-June 2021
Are you having a hard time relating to your partner? Are you communicating but it seems as if nothing is changing? Do you desire better communication or want to enhance intimacy? Are you stressed about things continually happening in your life? Does dealing with things seem to be just too hard to do? Would you like to begin to feel as if you have some sense of control again? I understand that dealing with various life events, relationships, traumas, and even one’s own self can be overwhelming. These (seemingly minor) events can contribute to emotional issues that affect one’s health and general well-being. *New clients-June 2021
(716) 300-2325 View (716) 300-2325
Photo of Sharon Kirkland-Gordon, Psychologist, PhD
Sharon Kirkland-Gordon
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Are you feeling stressed more days than not? Have you noticed a change in your temperament and don’t feel quite like yourself? Perhaps you are feeling more irritable and unhappy lately or you’ve tried various strategies to improve your mood without success? Are you considering a career change? I specialize in helping people navigate stressful situations and phase of life issues by bringing a supportive, collaborative, and empathic approach.
Are you feeling stressed more days than not? Have you noticed a change in your temperament and don’t feel quite like yourself? Perhaps you are feeling more irritable and unhappy lately or you’ve tried various strategies to improve your mood without success? Are you considering a career change? I specialize in helping people navigate stressful situations and phase of life issues by bringing a supportive, collaborative, and empathic approach.
(716) 300-2348 View (716) 300-2348
Photo of Brianne Rehac, Counselor, LMHC-D
Brianne Rehac
Counselor, LMHC-D
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14209
I help people who are used to juggling everything learn what they can set down and how to do it without feeling guilty. Some of my clients are moms, others are bosses (some are boss moms!). I work with athletes, artists, and entrepreneurs. A few things we all seem to have in common are stress, anxiety, and exhaustion.
I help people who are used to juggling everything learn what they can set down and how to do it without feeling guilty. Some of my clients are moms, others are bosses (some are boss moms!). I work with athletes, artists, and entrepreneurs. A few things we all seem to have in common are stress, anxiety, and exhaustion.
(716) 265-4652 View (716) 265-4652
Photo of Karie Gower, Art Therapist, LCAT, ATR-BC
Karie Gower
Art Therapist, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Buffalo, NY 14209
Waitlist for new clients
Everyone deserves time and space to explore and better understand their thoughts, feelings, reactions and behaviors, and to experience inner peace and joy. It is an honor to share space with someone interested in growth and healing. Once we can better understand our past experiences and how they affect us in the present, we have more choices and can make adjustments in our life as we see fit. I believe that you know what is best and have the answers. Through the therapy process, and safely delving into those hurt places, those answers will come to light and help you figure out the best way to care for yourself.
Everyone deserves time and space to explore and better understand their thoughts, feelings, reactions and behaviors, and to experience inner peace and joy. It is an honor to share space with someone interested in growth and healing. Once we can better understand our past experiences and how they affect us in the present, we have more choices and can make adjustments in our life as we see fit. I believe that you know what is best and have the answers. Through the therapy process, and safely delving into those hurt places, those answers will come to light and help you figure out the best way to care for yourself.
(716) 217-6615 View (716) 217-6615
Photo of Shay Kahani, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LISW-S, CST
Shay Kahani
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LISW-S, CST
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Sometimes we can feel stress and lost with relationships, our families, and ourselves. We all need help. Someone to listen to up. You might wish you could improve your sex life in your romantic relationships, or change your family and relationships interactions. Maybe you want to live a calm and peaceful life and overcome past traumas that don't let you move on. Replaying your history over and over, wishing things were different. It might be the way you think and treat yourself that brought you here. Maybe you want to discover more about yourself and never knew how.
Sometimes we can feel stress and lost with relationships, our families, and ourselves. We all need help. Someone to listen to up. You might wish you could improve your sex life in your romantic relationships, or change your family and relationships interactions. Maybe you want to live a calm and peaceful life and overcome past traumas that don't let you move on. Replaying your history over and over, wishing things were different. It might be the way you think and treat yourself that brought you here. Maybe you want to discover more about yourself and never knew how.
(716) 466-9608 View (716) 466-9608
Photo of Stephanie Massara-Polyachenko, LMHC
Stephanie Massara-Polyachenko
LMHC
Verified Verified
Buffalo, NY 14209
Life can throw you sudden and unexpected challenges. Stéphanie understands the difficulties surrounding change and the anxiety that occurs over an unknown future. The process of grief can be associated with any kind of loss: a job, relationship, the loss of a pet, or most painfully, a loved one. Stéphanie knows that the closing of one door may lead to the opening of another. You may not ever forget the loss, but she can help you to move forward. Stéphanie also has a passion for helping those experiencing depression, anxiety, and daily life challenges through her empathetic, open and non-judgmental kindness.
Life can throw you sudden and unexpected challenges. Stéphanie understands the difficulties surrounding change and the anxiety that occurs over an unknown future. The process of grief can be associated with any kind of loss: a job, relationship, the loss of a pet, or most painfully, a loved one. Stéphanie knows that the closing of one door may lead to the opening of another. You may not ever forget the loss, but she can help you to move forward. Stéphanie also has a passion for helping those experiencing depression, anxiety, and daily life challenges through her empathetic, open and non-judgmental kindness.
(716) 281-5674 View (716) 281-5674
Photo of Molly Violante, Art Therapist, LCAT, ATR-BC
Molly Violante
Art Therapist, LCAT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Buffalo, NY 14209
Not accepting new clients
Talking about our problems and fears can be hard. As a NYS Licensed Creative Arts Therapist, I offer alternative techniques for people to express worries, concerns, and process past experiences that are difficult to talk about. I use a client-centered approach to address each client's individual needs. By working together in a healing process you are able to change negative thinking patterns and behaviors to live the life you or your family member deserve. I offer a non-judgmental space that combines traditional talk therapy techniques, art therapy and trauma-informed care to enhance my clients inner journey to a healthier life.
Talking about our problems and fears can be hard. As a NYS Licensed Creative Arts Therapist, I offer alternative techniques for people to express worries, concerns, and process past experiences that are difficult to talk about. I use a client-centered approach to address each client's individual needs. By working together in a healing process you are able to change negative thinking patterns and behaviors to live the life you or your family member deserve. I offer a non-judgmental space that combines traditional talk therapy techniques, art therapy and trauma-informed care to enhance my clients inner journey to a healthier life.
(716) 402-5786 View (716) 402-5786
Photo of Lisa Anllo, Psychologist, PhD
Lisa Anllo
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
13 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14209
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist who is highly experienced in treating adults with marital/relationship problems and problems related to sexuality and gender identity. I also specialize in treatment of emotional distress and sexual dysfunction in cancer survivors. My orientation is insight oriented and attachment based, and is focused on developmental issues in the individual and in the couple. I am particularly interested in assisting with existential crises that may affect intimate partnerships. In addition to my private practice I am available as an expert speaker on cancer survivorship and sexuality and cancer.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist who is highly experienced in treating adults with marital/relationship problems and problems related to sexuality and gender identity. I also specialize in treatment of emotional distress and sexual dysfunction in cancer survivors. My orientation is insight oriented and attachment based, and is focused on developmental issues in the individual and in the couple. I am particularly interested in assisting with existential crises that may affect intimate partnerships. In addition to my private practice I am available as an expert speaker on cancer survivorship and sexuality and cancer.
(716) 638-2252 View (716) 638-2252
Photo of Christine Muffoletto, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Christine Muffoletto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Buffalo, NY 14209
Sometimes you can feel like you're trying your hardest and an invisible hand is holding you back. It doesn't mean you're weak, or failing, or unworthy of good things-it just means you could use some help. It helps to connect with someone who knows that your stories are worth listening to. I will hear your story. Easy-going, friendly, empathic, and non-judgmental, I enjoy working with pre-teens, teenagers, and adults who are moving through those difficult life transitions where a person can feel lost. We can find the answers together.
Sometimes you can feel like you're trying your hardest and an invisible hand is holding you back. It doesn't mean you're weak, or failing, or unworthy of good things-it just means you could use some help. It helps to connect with someone who knows that your stories are worth listening to. I will hear your story. Easy-going, friendly, empathic, and non-judgmental, I enjoy working with pre-teens, teenagers, and adults who are moving through those difficult life transitions where a person can feel lost. We can find the answers together.
(716) 293-2647 View (716) 293-2647
Photo of Rachel Sikorski, Art Therapist, LCAT, ATR-BC, RPT-S
Rachel Sikorski
Art Therapist, LCAT, ATR-BC, RPT-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Buffalo, NY 14209
Waitlist for new clients
Creative approaches to mental health treatment can effectively engage children and teens, as well as adults, in this important work. I believe in customizing therapy to each unique individual and family, to bring about the shared discovery of methods that will best suit their needs and support the achievement of their personal goals. Within a therapeutic partnership, my clients build strength and skills for identifying, tolerating, expressing, and addressing what words alone often fail to, so they may better manage through all of life's challenges independently.
Creative approaches to mental health treatment can effectively engage children and teens, as well as adults, in this important work. I believe in customizing therapy to each unique individual and family, to bring about the shared discovery of methods that will best suit their needs and support the achievement of their personal goals. Within a therapeutic partnership, my clients build strength and skills for identifying, tolerating, expressing, and addressing what words alone often fail to, so they may better manage through all of life's challenges independently.
(716) 526-0625 View (716) 526-0625
1

See more therapy options for 14209

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 14209

60+

Average cost per session

$145

Therapists in 14209 who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
92% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
81% Trauma and PTSD
81% Coping Skills
81% Self Esteem
73% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

65% Highmark BCBS of Western New York
63% Independent Health
55% Aetna

How Therapists in 14209 see their clients

81% In Person and Online
19% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
16% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 14209?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.