Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Kent Jarratt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Kent Jarratt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
I hold Certificates from The Center for the Study of Anorexia and Bulimia, where I am a supervisor; am a past president and current faculty member of the NY State Society of Ericksonian Hypnosis and Psychotherapy; and have supervised in the Graduate Programs for Mental Health Counseling and Clinical Social Work at Hunter College/CUNY.
I hold Certificates from The Center for the Study of Anorexia and Bulimia, where I am a supervisor; am a past president and current faculty member of the NY State Society of Ericksonian Hypnosis and Psychotherapy; and have supervised in the Graduate Programs for Mental Health Counseling and Clinical Social Work at Hunter College/CUNY.
(917) 512-5730 View (917) 512-5730
Photo of Montgomery Fishoff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Montgomery Fishoff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10028  (Online Only)
My practice is non-judgmental, and I aim to create a conducive therapeutic environment that focuses on reflection, guided exploration, understanding, empowerment, and positive change.I use a client focused eclectic approach drawing upon different modalities such as strength based, CBT, and mindfulness practices. My areas of focus include managing stress and anxiety, depression, familial and personal relationships, self-esteem issues, chronic health conditions, and grief and loss. I have extensive experience working with young adults, adults and couples. I provide individualized therapy focusing in social-emotional, cognitive,
My practice is non-judgmental, and I aim to create a conducive therapeutic environment that focuses on reflection, guided exploration, understanding, empowerment, and positive change.I use a client focused eclectic approach drawing upon different modalities such as strength based, CBT, and mindfulness practices. My areas of focus include managing stress and anxiety, depression, familial and personal relationships, self-esteem issues, chronic health conditions, and grief and loss. I have extensive experience working with young adults, adults and couples. I provide individualized therapy focusing in social-emotional, cognitive,
(646) 699-3604 View (646) 699-3604
Photo of Michaela D'Urso, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Michaela D'Urso
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10065
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
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Photo of Todd Kray, Psychologist in New York, NY
Todd Kray
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals and couples who are seeking to gain a better understanding of themselves in order to lead happier, more productive and more stable lives. I work well with people experiencing anxiety, depression, and mood disorders as well as those dealing with relationship issues who are having difficulty managing the everyday stressors of their lives, which impede on their capacity for productivity and satisfaction. While psychotherapy and psychoanalysis allow individuals to more deeply explore their emotions, behaviors, and relationships, I also integrate skills training, coaching, and coping strategies that allow one to function more effectively in interpersonal, professional, and creative situations.
I work with individuals and couples who are seeking to gain a better understanding of themselves in order to lead happier, more productive and more stable lives. I work well with people experiencing anxiety, depression, and mood disorders as well as those dealing with relationship issues who are having difficulty managing the everyday stressors of their lives, which impede on their capacity for productivity and satisfaction. While psychotherapy and psychoanalysis allow individuals to more deeply explore their emotions, behaviors, and relationships, I also integrate skills training, coaching, and coping strategies that allow one to function more effectively in interpersonal, professional, and creative situations.
(917) 519-9081 View (917) 519-9081
Photo of Shannon Tierney, Counselor in New York, NY
Shannon Tierney
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I help my clients find inner peace. They can leave our session feeling calm, with insights deepening their relationship with themselves, a sense of fulfillment and purpose, coping strategies, improved interpersonal relationships, self love, and life long skills to problem solve and manage symptoms of anxiety and depression. I have a down to earth personality and create a warm and safe environment, meeting clients where they are with a holistic approach. I set treatment goals collaboratively, based on what clients would like out of therapy, with high regard for authenticity and spirituality.
I help my clients find inner peace. They can leave our session feeling calm, with insights deepening their relationship with themselves, a sense of fulfillment and purpose, coping strategies, improved interpersonal relationships, self love, and life long skills to problem solve and manage symptoms of anxiety and depression. I have a down to earth personality and create a warm and safe environment, meeting clients where they are with a holistic approach. I set treatment goals collaboratively, based on what clients would like out of therapy, with high regard for authenticity and spirituality.
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Photo of Lisa Clementi in New York, NY
Lisa Clementi
MS, BC-DMT, LCAT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10023
Do you have a difficult time expressing yourself and the fullness of your being with words alone? Sometimes words are not enough, especially when emotions and narratives get locked in the body. Are you ready to feel more grounded, balanced, whole, present, and unrestricted? Are there stories to unearth within that you would like a deeper understanding of? As a dance therapist, I work with those who are seeking another way to express themselves.Whether it is through movement exploration or talking, I provide a space to work through life's challenges, offering you the opportunity to enhance your self-esteem, self-worth, and intuition.
Do you have a difficult time expressing yourself and the fullness of your being with words alone? Sometimes words are not enough, especially when emotions and narratives get locked in the body. Are you ready to feel more grounded, balanced, whole, present, and unrestricted? Are there stories to unearth within that you would like a deeper understanding of? As a dance therapist, I work with those who are seeking another way to express themselves.Whether it is through movement exploration or talking, I provide a space to work through life's challenges, offering you the opportunity to enhance your self-esteem, self-worth, and intuition.
(347) 727-1162 View (347) 727-1162
Photo of Welbeck Adult Health NP PLLC in New York, NY
Welbeck Adult Health NP PLLC
DNP, AAHIVS
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10031  (Online Only)
We optimize virtual care to strengthen patient engagement, increase access, promote retention in care, and achieve and maintain sobriety. As an AAHIVS, my goal is to empower adults living with HIV to maintain optimal health and productive lives. Our practice encourages all patients to be actively connected and engaged in their preventative and primary care while we serve as a supplemental, adjuvant source aimed at improving health outcomes. We believe the convenience, privacy, and comfort of treating individuals via telemedicine is a welcome addition to the options available to our patient base.
We optimize virtual care to strengthen patient engagement, increase access, promote retention in care, and achieve and maintain sobriety. As an AAHIVS, my goal is to empower adults living with HIV to maintain optimal health and productive lives. Our practice encourages all patients to be actively connected and engaged in their preventative and primary care while we serve as a supplemental, adjuvant source aimed at improving health outcomes. We believe the convenience, privacy, and comfort of treating individuals via telemedicine is a welcome addition to the options available to our patient base.
(518) 302-2882 View (518) 302-2882
Photo of Rishika Singh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Rishika Singh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I work primarily with people of color, queer and trans folks coping with anxiety, depression, life transitions and relationship issues. I aim to help you tune into how you're truly feeling, while centering radical self-compassion. Healing and liberation come in many different forms and we will work collaboratively to understand your individual goals and needs. Ours will be an open space, free of judgment, to explore thoughts and feelings you may not otherwise have a place to address. One of the first steps toward healing is being seen and heard authentically and in our work together we will begin there.
I work primarily with people of color, queer and trans folks coping with anxiety, depression, life transitions and relationship issues. I aim to help you tune into how you're truly feeling, while centering radical self-compassion. Healing and liberation come in many different forms and we will work collaboratively to understand your individual goals and needs. Ours will be an open space, free of judgment, to explore thoughts and feelings you may not otherwise have a place to address. One of the first steps toward healing is being seen and heard authentically and in our work together we will begin there.
(347) 851-1517 View (347) 851-1517
Photo of Treva Van Cleave, Psychologist in New York, NY
Treva Van Cleave
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10029  (Online Only)
I am a trauma specialist, with extensive training and experience helping people find healing after suffering. Whether you have been through childhood trauma, or the traumas that life can bring over time (illness, death, assault, among many others), you have come to the right place. At its heart, trauma disrupts connections. It disrupts connections in relationships, connections between thoughts, between our emotions, between body signals, and it disrupts our connection to self. Our work together will strive to reconstitute these links.
I am a trauma specialist, with extensive training and experience helping people find healing after suffering. Whether you have been through childhood trauma, or the traumas that life can bring over time (illness, death, assault, among many others), you have come to the right place. At its heart, trauma disrupts connections. It disrupts connections in relationships, connections between thoughts, between our emotions, between body signals, and it disrupts our connection to self. Our work together will strive to reconstitute these links.
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Photo of Zachary Hubert in New York, NY
Zachary Hubert
PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
Everyone goes through difficulties in life, and it helps to have a nonjudgemental person to talk about those struggles. As a therapist, I help others find meaning in the difficulties they are experiencing, and strive to create a safe, secure, and trusting environment for individuals to be able to explore why they are feeling the way they are.
Everyone goes through difficulties in life, and it helps to have a nonjudgemental person to talk about those struggles. As a therapist, I help others find meaning in the difficulties they are experiencing, and strive to create a safe, secure, and trusting environment for individuals to be able to explore why they are feeling the way they are.
(347) 766-2444 View (347) 766-2444
Photo of Allison Katz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Allison Katz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019
I believe psychotherapy is a life-changing process that can expand one's capacity for self-reflection and self-awareness, thereby paving the way for more meaningful relationships and a more fulfilling life. I endeavor to help my patients find the tools they need to feel the most productive and the most alive. My approach is psychodynamically-oriented; however, my years of practicing have taught me that there is no one-size-fits-all model. I believe each person has different needs, and I bring both my experience and collaborative skills to each treatment. I have been described as empathic, relatable, and warm.
I believe psychotherapy is a life-changing process that can expand one's capacity for self-reflection and self-awareness, thereby paving the way for more meaningful relationships and a more fulfilling life. I endeavor to help my patients find the tools they need to feel the most productive and the most alive. My approach is psychodynamically-oriented; however, my years of practicing have taught me that there is no one-size-fits-all model. I believe each person has different needs, and I bring both my experience and collaborative skills to each treatment. I have been described as empathic, relatable, and warm.
(646) 600-5154 View (646) 600-5154
Photo of Damise Vaughn in New York, NY
Damise Vaughn
MS, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
Ready to shed the weight of stress, uncover your true self, and blossom into your best version? Look no further than Damise Vaughn, a therapist who blends compassionate guidance with a touch of lightheartedness to create a space for genuine healing and transformation. Damise is different from your typical therapist. Forget stuffy offices and endless talking. Her approach is engaging, insightful, and tailored specifically to you. Whether you're grappling with anxiety, navigating life transitions, or simply seeking to understand yourself better, Damise will be your partner in exploration.
Ready to shed the weight of stress, uncover your true self, and blossom into your best version? Look no further than Damise Vaughn, a therapist who blends compassionate guidance with a touch of lightheartedness to create a space for genuine healing and transformation. Damise is different from your typical therapist. Forget stuffy offices and endless talking. Her approach is engaging, insightful, and tailored specifically to you. Whether you're grappling with anxiety, navigating life transitions, or simply seeking to understand yourself better, Damise will be your partner in exploration.
(845) 668-4810 View (845) 668-4810
Photo of Rev. Peter Acevedo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Rev. Peter Acevedo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10029  (Online Only)
We are living in challenging times. The degree of uncertainty we face is enough to cause thoughts and feelings that interfere with our daily functioning. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic issues of depression, anxiety, domestic violence, substance abuse, and suicide were already problems many people struggled with. For many, COVID has caused or intensified these conditions and created a need for additional resources. Resources that lead them to thrive and enjoy time with family and friends.
We are living in challenging times. The degree of uncertainty we face is enough to cause thoughts and feelings that interfere with our daily functioning. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic issues of depression, anxiety, domestic violence, substance abuse, and suicide were already problems many people struggled with. For many, COVID has caused or intensified these conditions and created a need for additional resources. Resources that lead them to thrive and enjoy time with family and friends.
(914) 730-5940 View (914) 730-5940
Photo of Tommie Schneider Raskin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Tommie Schneider Raskin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and social worker committed to supporting individuals, families, and couples. Through warmth, humor, curiosity, and empathy, I establish authentic and meaningful relationships with my clients. With this connection as our foundation, I empower my clients to gain concrete skills and tools to more effectively cope with and work through life’s challenges. Ultimately, my goal is to provide the space, compassion, and acceptance we all need and deserve and to support my clients to heal, grow, and experience renewed faith and connection to themselves and others.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and social worker committed to supporting individuals, families, and couples. Through warmth, humor, curiosity, and empathy, I establish authentic and meaningful relationships with my clients. With this connection as our foundation, I empower my clients to gain concrete skills and tools to more effectively cope with and work through life’s challenges. Ultimately, my goal is to provide the space, compassion, and acceptance we all need and deserve and to support my clients to heal, grow, and experience renewed faith and connection to themselves and others.
(718) 790-4802 x10 View (718) 790-4802 x10
Photo of Hilary Kopple, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Hilary Kopple
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10023  (Online Only)
Finding the right therapist for you can be a process and often requires a certain chemistry. I strive to help you as the client to feel safe and comfortable. My approach is to be patient, accepting, direct, and compassionate. I feel supportive honesty is key, and I also appreciate that each individual has his/her own path to explore and learn. Together we can set goals and collaborate so that you feel the time and investment is helpful for the changes you want.
Finding the right therapist for you can be a process and often requires a certain chemistry. I strive to help you as the client to feel safe and comfortable. My approach is to be patient, accepting, direct, and compassionate. I feel supportive honesty is key, and I also appreciate that each individual has his/her own path to explore and learn. Together we can set goals and collaborate so that you feel the time and investment is helpful for the changes you want.
(646) 687-7381 View (646) 687-7381
Photo of Ashley Sauers, Counselor in New York, NY
Ashley Sauers
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
Hi! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor based in New York. I received my Masters from New York University in New York and have been practicing for 4 years. I help a wide range of clients such as children, adolescents and adults who are struggling with anxiety, stress, relationship issues, family conflicts, trauma and abuse, with the goal of helping them live a more fulfilling life.
Hi! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor based in New York. I received my Masters from New York University in New York and have been practicing for 4 years. I help a wide range of clients such as children, adolescents and adults who are struggling with anxiety, stress, relationship issues, family conflicts, trauma and abuse, with the goal of helping them live a more fulfilling life.
(929) 556-4346 View (929) 556-4346
Photo of Olivier Letang, Licensed Psychoanalyst in New York, NY
Olivier Letang
Licensed Psychoanalyst, MA, LP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
In my practice you will find a safe, non-judgemental place where you can stop and take stock of your life. Somewhat like a shelter when you feel stuck and need to find a way out. I work with people with issues that are very specific - a relationship/job problem, repetitive thoughts and rituals. As well as with people with problems that feel deeply perplexing - a vague and sometimes acute feeling something is wrong in their life. In either case, I can help you overcome the emotional challenge you face now and find a better footing to tackle whatever you might encounter to live a happier, more fulfilled life.
In my practice you will find a safe, non-judgemental place where you can stop and take stock of your life. Somewhat like a shelter when you feel stuck and need to find a way out. I work with people with issues that are very specific - a relationship/job problem, repetitive thoughts and rituals. As well as with people with problems that feel deeply perplexing - a vague and sometimes acute feeling something is wrong in their life. In either case, I can help you overcome the emotional challenge you face now and find a better footing to tackle whatever you might encounter to live a happier, more fulfilled life.
(347) 572-7558 View (347) 572-7558
Photo of Anne R Denor, Psychologist in New York, NY
Anne R Denor
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10036  (Online Only)
Welcome! My name is Dr. Denor and I commnend you for prioritizing your mental health. I am a licensed psychologist in both New York and New Jersey and am also trained as a neuropsychologist. I provide a warm and supportive but also challenging evniornment for children, young adults and couples to find their peace, joy, confidence and strength. If you are struggling to love yourself, if you are struggling to manage a challenging life transition, if you are struggling to find joy in your relationships, or if you simpy need emotional and mental rest, I am here to support and guide you on that journey.
Welcome! My name is Dr. Denor and I commnend you for prioritizing your mental health. I am a licensed psychologist in both New York and New Jersey and am also trained as a neuropsychologist. I provide a warm and supportive but also challenging evniornment for children, young adults and couples to find their peace, joy, confidence and strength. If you are struggling to love yourself, if you are struggling to manage a challenging life transition, if you are struggling to find joy in your relationships, or if you simpy need emotional and mental rest, I am here to support and guide you on that journey.
(914) 386-2699 View (914) 386-2699
Photo of Edwin Kahn, Psychologist in New York, NY
Edwin Kahn
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024
My work with clients is influenced by the well-known American Humanistic psychologist, Carl Rogers. He believed that there is a positive energy in all of us to grow, develop, and become more mature. When a person experiences unconditional acceptance and empathic understanding from another (a parent, friend or therapist), who is also experienced as genuine, human and "real," growth naturally occurs. I make every effort to be with, understand and accept, and see the positive strengths of clients. My therapeutic work has also been influenced by contemporary self psychology, intersubjectivity theory, and relational theories in psychoanalysis.
My work with clients is influenced by the well-known American Humanistic psychologist, Carl Rogers. He believed that there is a positive energy in all of us to grow, develop, and become more mature. When a person experiences unconditional acceptance and empathic understanding from another (a parent, friend or therapist), who is also experienced as genuine, human and "real," growth naturally occurs. I make every effort to be with, understand and accept, and see the positive strengths of clients. My therapeutic work has also been influenced by contemporary self psychology, intersubjectivity theory, and relational theories in psychoanalysis.
(646) 351-1877 View (646) 351-1877
Photo of Lauren DeMille, Psychologist in New York, NY
Lauren DeMille
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10024
Therapy can be life-changing, but starting can be difficult and anxiety-provoking. I commend anyone who begins this process. I have worked as a therapist for over 20 years, first as a clinical social worker and now as a psychologist, and feel honored by the chance to help people make greater sense of their lives; manage painful or problematic feelings, thoughts, and behaviors; improve their relationships and ability to do good work; and find sources of vitality.
Therapy can be life-changing, but starting can be difficult and anxiety-provoking. I commend anyone who begins this process. I have worked as a therapist for over 20 years, first as a clinical social worker and now as a psychologist, and feel honored by the chance to help people make greater sense of their lives; manage painful or problematic feelings, thoughts, and behaviors; improve their relationships and ability to do good work; and find sources of vitality.
(646) 846-9724 View (646) 846-9724

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.