Photo of Christopher Belz, PsyD, Psychologist
Christopher Belz
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
My primary treatment focus has been to use validation and empathy. I want to learn what goals you have and then help you in get to them. In addition to working with adults, I have extensive experience working with adolescents and their families in outpatient/school and inpatient settings dealing with anxiety, depression, psychosis, trauma, anger, grief and attention problems. I'm familiar with coaching DBT coping skills for distress tolerance, developing emotion management, and enhancing effective interpersonal skills. My greatest strength is in helping parents and their children reduce conflict and really hear each other.
My primary treatment focus has been to use validation and empathy. I want to learn what goals you have and then help you in get to them. In addition to working with adults, I have extensive experience working with adolescents and their families in outpatient/school and inpatient settings dealing with anxiety, depression, psychosis, trauma, anger, grief and attention problems. I'm familiar with coaching DBT coping skills for distress tolerance, developing emotion management, and enhancing effective interpersonal skills. My greatest strength is in helping parents and their children reduce conflict and really hear each other.
(908) 333-4979 View (908) 333-4979
Marvin B Chartoff
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
As a dedicated, caring, experienced psychologist, I successfully treated children, adolescents, families and adults, using a cognitive-behavioral approach, for over 25 years. I am an in-network for most insurance companies (Aetna, United, Cigna, Blue-Cross, Magellan, Value Options, Medicare and others). Through therapy, I have helped patients make positive changes, overcome their psychological difficulties, improve family and marital relationships, and improve child and teen adjustment. I was the director of a large psychological practice, was on the professional staff of Hackettstown Hospital, and was a school psychologist.
As a dedicated, caring, experienced psychologist, I successfully treated children, adolescents, families and adults, using a cognitive-behavioral approach, for over 25 years. I am an in-network for most insurance companies (Aetna, United, Cigna, Blue-Cross, Magellan, Value Options, Medicare and others). Through therapy, I have helped patients make positive changes, overcome their psychological difficulties, improve family and marital relationships, and improve child and teen adjustment. I was the director of a large psychological practice, was on the professional staff of Hackettstown Hospital, and was a school psychologist.
(862) 290-3978 View (862) 290-3978
Photo of Elizabeth Fahrer, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Elizabeth Fahrer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
Sometimes it can be really difficult to manage what life throws at you. It’s not easy being a child or a young adult. There are stressors you find yourself having to deal with that you thought you would never have to deal with. Students in school may be getting to you, responsibilities of daily life can be overwhelming, you feel lonely, angry, sad or whatever it may be that can really impact your overall mood and day to day living. Even for those of you who are older and may be past those issues, there are still adjustments in your life that you are having to deal with that feel unmanageable!
Sometimes it can be really difficult to manage what life throws at you. It’s not easy being a child or a young adult. There are stressors you find yourself having to deal with that you thought you would never have to deal with. Students in school may be getting to you, responsibilities of daily life can be overwhelming, you feel lonely, angry, sad or whatever it may be that can really impact your overall mood and day to day living. Even for those of you who are older and may be past those issues, there are still adjustments in your life that you are having to deal with that feel unmanageable!
(862) 263-9726 View (862) 263-9726
Photo of Mary Beth Kneis-Carroll, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Beth Kneis-Carroll
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
I'm here for you when you're not sure where else to turn: to reassure you that things can and do get better; to help you discover inner strengths to resolve your difficulties; and to support you along your healing journey. Reaching out for professional help can be difficult, but turning to friends and family may not always be the best option and ignoring problems won't make them go away. Remember: you don't have to do this alone - I'm here for you.
I'm here for you when you're not sure where else to turn: to reassure you that things can and do get better; to help you discover inner strengths to resolve your difficulties; and to support you along your healing journey. Reaching out for professional help can be difficult, but turning to friends and family may not always be the best option and ignoring problems won't make them go away. Remember: you don't have to do this alone - I'm here for you.
(973) 241-4927 View (973) 241-4927
Photo of Mary Helen B Kellam, MA, NCC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mary Helen B Kellam
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
I have over 20 years experience working in the field of counseling. I am also a Divorce Mediator. I serve adolescents and adults. I am a certified EMDR therapist and specialize in serving those who have experienced trauma. Other issues that I can assist you with includes: emotional difficulties (including but not limited to anxiety and depression), relationship problems, issues related to grief and loss, life transition issues. When life presents us with challenges such as these, it can help to know that you are not alone. I consider it a privilege to help you through your journey, whatever path you are on!
I have over 20 years experience working in the field of counseling. I am also a Divorce Mediator. I serve adolescents and adults. I am a certified EMDR therapist and specialize in serving those who have experienced trauma. Other issues that I can assist you with includes: emotional difficulties (including but not limited to anxiety and depression), relationship problems, issues related to grief and loss, life transition issues. When life presents us with challenges such as these, it can help to know that you are not alone. I consider it a privilege to help you through your journey, whatever path you are on!
(201) 374-7726 View (201) 374-7726
Photo of Kristen Madden, MSSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kristen Madden
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
Sometimes life brings about circumstances that cause you to feel stress, overwhelmed, anger, anxiety, or depression. Sometimes it is hard to identify what is causing those feelings or how to feel happy and healthy in the environments that are contributing to your feelings. Using a strengths based approach, I can help you develop stronger coping skills, build resiliency, improve relationships, communication, and overall well being. By using a strengths based approach, an individualized treatment plan is developed to best suit the client's therapy goals.
Sometimes life brings about circumstances that cause you to feel stress, overwhelmed, anger, anxiety, or depression. Sometimes it is hard to identify what is causing those feelings or how to feel happy and healthy in the environments that are contributing to your feelings. Using a strengths based approach, I can help you develop stronger coping skills, build resiliency, improve relationships, communication, and overall well being. By using a strengths based approach, an individualized treatment plan is developed to best suit the client's therapy goals.
(551) 227-3375 View (551) 227-3375
Photo of Shirley de Knegt-Kuzik, LCSW, LCADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shirley de Knegt-Kuzik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sparta, NJ 07871  (Online Only)
My approach to therapy is to work collaboratively with my clients to explore how they can overcome a variety of issues such as trauma, addiction, depression, anxiety, or conflicts within interpersonal relationships that may be interfering with their everyday life. I provide a safe and supportive environment to allow for personal growth, and tailor my approach for each client's specific needs.
My approach to therapy is to work collaboratively with my clients to explore how they can overcome a variety of issues such as trauma, addiction, depression, anxiety, or conflicts within interpersonal relationships that may be interfering with their everyday life. I provide a safe and supportive environment to allow for personal growth, and tailor my approach for each client's specific needs.
(973) 321-3436 View (973) 321-3436
Photo of Molly McGoldrick, MA, LPC, ACS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Molly McGoldrick
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ACS
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
As a Licensed Professional Counselor and Approved Clinical Supervisor, I specialize in helping adults and adolescents navigate the challenges of depression and anxiety. My approach combines evidence-based interventions from cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), all within a warm and welcoming environment.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor and Approved Clinical Supervisor, I specialize in helping adults and adolescents navigate the challenges of depression and anxiety. My approach combines evidence-based interventions from cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), all within a warm and welcoming environment.
(973) 891-0323 View (973) 891-0323
Photo of Bethany Merlucci, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bethany Merlucci
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
Whether you are going through a major life shift or just need a space to focus on your goals, your health and your wellness, I am dedicated to making your therapeutic experience as beneficial and fulfilling as possible. We all have moments in life when we need the support and guidance of others and I am honored to have the opportunity to help through times of transition.
Whether you are going through a major life shift or just need a space to focus on your goals, your health and your wellness, I am dedicated to making your therapeutic experience as beneficial and fulfilling as possible. We all have moments in life when we need the support and guidance of others and I am honored to have the opportunity to help through times of transition.
(201) 380-8349 View (201) 380-8349
Photo of David Russell Pisani, LSW, RN, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
David Russell Pisani
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, RN
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sparta, NJ 07871
My name is David Pisani and I am a Licensed Social Worker and Registered Nurse in New Jersey with over 15 years of experience in the mental health field. I am passionate about mental health recovery and empowering clients to achieve their goals. I offer general individual therapy services to adults, men's group therapy, and couples therapy. I use various modalities including CBT and TF CBT for those with trauma issues and employ these strategies tailored to the client's needs. I believe in a trusting therapeutic relationship as the bedrock for client recovery and strive to create a safe and nurturing environment to work in.
My name is David Pisani and I am a Licensed Social Worker and Registered Nurse in New Jersey with over 15 years of experience in the mental health field. I am passionate about mental health recovery and empowering clients to achieve their goals. I offer general individual therapy services to adults, men's group therapy, and couples therapy. I use various modalities including CBT and TF CBT for those with trauma issues and employ these strategies tailored to the client's needs. I believe in a trusting therapeutic relationship as the bedrock for client recovery and strive to create a safe and nurturing environment to work in.
(973) 381-2402 View (973) 381-2402
Photo of Carolyn Krone, MA, LAC , Counselor
Carolyn Krone
Counselor, MA, LAC
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
I believe mental health is just as important as physical health. If we don't have good mental health, it can affect all areas of your life. Finding the right therapist and getting the services that you need, is the first step in taking care of yourself. I currently work in an outpatient private practice doing couples and individual therapy for adolescents and adults. I have experience in mood disorders, anxiety disorders, adjustment issues, ADHD, trauma and personality disorders. My goal is to work with you and encourage you to gain confidence to become the best version of yourself.
I believe mental health is just as important as physical health. If we don't have good mental health, it can affect all areas of your life. Finding the right therapist and getting the services that you need, is the first step in taking care of yourself. I currently work in an outpatient private practice doing couples and individual therapy for adolescents and adults. I have experience in mood disorders, anxiety disorders, adjustment issues, ADHD, trauma and personality disorders. My goal is to work with you and encourage you to gain confidence to become the best version of yourself.
(862) 272-3884 View (862) 272-3884
Photo of Lori L Mele, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lori L Mele
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
You do not have to be alone in facing life's problems and difficulties. Having a caring, supportive and trusting therapist can allow you to feel comfortable to share your personal hardships that life can throw at you. Life can be hard and having a qualified and passionate therapist to help you explore and process your areas of concern can help make a hard task easier. There is immediate in-network availability in my practice.
You do not have to be alone in facing life's problems and difficulties. Having a caring, supportive and trusting therapist can allow you to feel comfortable to share your personal hardships that life can throw at you. Life can be hard and having a qualified and passionate therapist to help you explore and process your areas of concern can help make a hard task easier. There is immediate in-network availability in my practice.
(862) 292-4034 View (862) 292-4034
Photo of Joanna D'Agosta, LCSW, ACS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joanna D'Agosta
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sparta, NJ 07871
Hello! My name is Joanna D'Agosta, a NJ Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I work diligently and compassionately with clients towards their desired levels of productivity and contentment. Largely utilizing CBT and related supportive techniques, I attempt to help my clients reduce the intensity, frequency and duration of potential mood instability, depression, anxiety, ADHD, trauma/PTSD, grief/loss, domestic violence/abuse and interpersonal and behavioral conflicts. I enjoy interacting with clients through an effective client-centered thought-coaching philosophy that promotes respect and dignity throughout the therapeutic process.
Hello! My name is Joanna D'Agosta, a NJ Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I work diligently and compassionately with clients towards their desired levels of productivity and contentment. Largely utilizing CBT and related supportive techniques, I attempt to help my clients reduce the intensity, frequency and duration of potential mood instability, depression, anxiety, ADHD, trauma/PTSD, grief/loss, domestic violence/abuse and interpersonal and behavioral conflicts. I enjoy interacting with clients through an effective client-centered thought-coaching philosophy that promotes respect and dignity throughout the therapeutic process.
(973) 943-4112 View (973) 943-4112
Photo of Christie Giacobbe, LPC,  LCADC, ACS, SAC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Christie Giacobbe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCADC, ACS, SAC
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
Not accepting new clients
I have been working in the field of adolescent mental health and substance abuse counseling for over 14 years. I started my career working in a mental health partial hospitalization and intensive outpatient program for adolescents and eventually came to specialize and work with adolescents and their families with substance abuse and co-occurring disorders in an intensive outpatient program which I coordinated, before moving on to work with adolescents in a high school setting.
I have been working in the field of adolescent mental health and substance abuse counseling for over 14 years. I started my career working in a mental health partial hospitalization and intensive outpatient program for adolescents and eventually came to specialize and work with adolescents and their families with substance abuse and co-occurring disorders in an intensive outpatient program which I coordinated, before moving on to work with adolescents in a high school setting.
(862) 500-5854 View (862) 500-5854
Photo of Edward Blevins, MEd, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Edward Blevins
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Sparta, NJ 07871
I help children in conflict, struggling couples, unhappy families, and adults who are motivated to change. Call me for a free phone consultation or to set up an appointment. Anger, anxiety, depression, grief, parenting concerns, marital discord, bullying and harassment, behavioral disorders, substance abuse, school or job avoidance, and issues specific to children and adults with developmental disabilities are all problems we can work on successfully together . I have 25 years of school experience working with children, backed by twelve years of clinical experience in Sussex County assisting children and adults in improving their lives.
I help children in conflict, struggling couples, unhappy families, and adults who are motivated to change. Call me for a free phone consultation or to set up an appointment. Anger, anxiety, depression, grief, parenting concerns, marital discord, bullying and harassment, behavioral disorders, substance abuse, school or job avoidance, and issues specific to children and adults with developmental disabilities are all problems we can work on successfully together . I have 25 years of school experience working with children, backed by twelve years of clinical experience in Sussex County assisting children and adults in improving their lives.
(908) 669-4976 View (908) 669-4976
Photo of Catherine Ann Destefano, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Catherine Ann Destefano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sparta, NJ 07871
Call for a free phone consultation. I work with very young children, ages three and up and adolescents up to age eighteen and their families. I also work with adults who are experiencing life challenges that are making them anxious or fearful. My experience has centered around children and families who are experiencing divorce, trauma/abuse, familial upset, emotional disequilibrium, behavioral issues, anxiety, family conflict, mood disorders, self-harm, depression, PTSD, and self-medicating behaviors.
Call for a free phone consultation. I work with very young children, ages three and up and adolescents up to age eighteen and their families. I also work with adults who are experiencing life challenges that are making them anxious or fearful. My experience has centered around children and families who are experiencing divorce, trauma/abuse, familial upset, emotional disequilibrium, behavioral issues, anxiety, family conflict, mood disorders, self-harm, depression, PTSD, and self-medicating behaviors.
(973) 510-0007 View (973) 510-0007
Photo of Caitlin Karosen, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Caitlin Karosen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Sparta, NJ 07871  (Online Only)
Our current environment can be chaotic. Whether you are struggling with a recent life overhaul or with a wholly separate issue (situational stress, recognizing long term patterns that are holding you back, wrestling with challenging family dynamics, just to name a few), strong emotions might be coming up for you. Know that you are welcome here!  You probably just want a solution, to feel better, or maybe to feel like yourself again.
Our current environment can be chaotic. Whether you are struggling with a recent life overhaul or with a wholly separate issue (situational stress, recognizing long term patterns that are holding you back, wrestling with challenging family dynamics, just to name a few), strong emotions might be coming up for you. Know that you are welcome here!  You probably just want a solution, to feel better, or maybe to feel like yourself again.
(518) 318-9469 View (518) 318-9469
Photo of Charlie McNeil, DMin, EdS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Charlie McNeil
Marriage & Family Therapist, DMin, EdS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Sparta, NJ 07871
Hurting? Feeling stuck or struggling? Stressed? Anxious ... or depressed? I can help. My more than four decades of successful experience can assist to ease your pain, smooth your transitions, and identify and fill the empty places in your life. A Clinical Fellow in the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT), I offer compassionate attention, so you will feel fully listened to, heard, understood, and accepted, creating a context where you can focus on your healing, wellness, and personal growth. Medication management services are available through our Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner for clients ages 13 and up.
Hurting? Feeling stuck or struggling? Stressed? Anxious ... or depressed? I can help. My more than four decades of successful experience can assist to ease your pain, smooth your transitions, and identify and fill the empty places in your life. A Clinical Fellow in the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT), I offer compassionate attention, so you will feel fully listened to, heard, understood, and accepted, creating a context where you can focus on your healing, wellness, and personal growth. Medication management services are available through our Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner for clients ages 13 and up.
(201) 870-4139 View (201) 870-4139
Photo of Beth Answorth - Beth Answorth MSW, LCSW, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Beth Answorth MSW, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Sparta, NJ 07871
We are living through some challenging times. The unprecedented demands of surviving the COVID-19 pandemic; financial hardship, political unrest and more, has left many people experiencing new emotional struggles. People are stressed, and many are struggling to find true support and connection. Time is short, and demands on life are high. Coping skills may be on "overload." Talking to a compassionate professional can help you gain new insight and skills needed to embrace life anew. YOU are valuable, and I am available to help you navigate these uncharted waters, as you seek to "land" on Solid Ground.
We are living through some challenging times. The unprecedented demands of surviving the COVID-19 pandemic; financial hardship, political unrest and more, has left many people experiencing new emotional struggles. People are stressed, and many are struggling to find true support and connection. Time is short, and demands on life are high. Coping skills may be on "overload." Talking to a compassionate professional can help you gain new insight and skills needed to embrace life anew. YOU are valuable, and I am available to help you navigate these uncharted waters, as you seek to "land" on Solid Ground.
(973) 988-2671 View (973) 988-2671
Photo of Tulasi Jordan, LCSW, SEP, BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tulasi Jordan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP, BCD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sparta, NJ 07871
Not accepting new clients
Do you have a greater potential for happiness and success than you are currently living? As a well trained and experienced psychotherapist, since 1998 I have helped people to work through emotional concerns that block this potential. I utilize a variety of psychotherapy approaches such as psychodynamic, Internal Family Systems (IFS), Somatic Experiencing, mindfulness, and EMDR. Accessing your essential compassionate presence, and identifying what blocks it, is the the foundation of all deep healing.
Do you have a greater potential for happiness and success than you are currently living? As a well trained and experienced psychotherapist, since 1998 I have helped people to work through emotional concerns that block this potential. I utilize a variety of psychotherapy approaches such as psychodynamic, Internal Family Systems (IFS), Somatic Experiencing, mindfulness, and EMDR. Accessing your essential compassionate presence, and identifying what blocks it, is the the foundation of all deep healing.
(973) 310-2170 View (973) 310-2170
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 07871

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 07871 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
91% Depression
86% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
75% Coping Skills
65% Trauma and PTSD
64% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
73% Cigna and Evernorth
59% Horizon Blue Cross and Blue Shield

How Therapists in 07871 see their clients

77% In Person and Online
23% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 07871?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.