Therapists in 07451

Photo of Melissa Fiorito-Grafman - Center For Neuropsychology and Psychotherapy, Psychologist, PhD
Our Center offers a variety of therapeutic services in an ethical, nurturing, and supportive manner
Our Center offers a variety of therapeutic services in an ethical, nurturing, and supportive manner
(201) 885-5963 View (201) 885-5963
Photo of Diana Bernstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Diana Bernstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Ridgewood, NJ 07451
Starting therapy is a personal decision, and finding the right fit matters. I offer a safe, warm, and non-judgmental space where you can speak openly, feel understood, and explore what may be holding you back from living with greater fulfillment and joy. I believe meaningful change happens through a collaborative process and a genuine therapeutic connection.
Starting therapy is a personal decision, and finding the right fit matters. I offer a safe, warm, and non-judgmental space where you can speak openly, feel understood, and explore what may be holding you back from living with greater fulfillment and joy. I believe meaningful change happens through a collaborative process and a genuine therapeutic connection.
(551) 303-7997 View (551) 303-7997
Photo of Susan Esserman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PMH-C
Susan Esserman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PMH-C
Ridgewood, NJ 07451
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (MSW and LCSW) in both NJ and NY, who is also Perinatal Mental Health Certified (PMH-C) and certified in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), I have worked with families around issues of pregnancy, birth, parenting and loss and grief for over 25 years. My approach is collaborative, compassionate, and integrative. I work with my clients to help them discover their true selves through introspection, empathy and exploration. I am experienced working with diverse populations and approach each client holistically.
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (MSW and LCSW) in both NJ and NY, who is also Perinatal Mental Health Certified (PMH-C) and certified in EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), I have worked with families around issues of pregnancy, birth, parenting and loss and grief for over 25 years. My approach is collaborative, compassionate, and integrative. I work with my clients to help them discover their true selves through introspection, empathy and exploration. I am experienced working with diverse populations and approach each client holistically.
(201) 579-1254 View (201) 579-1254
Photo of Melissa Gizzi, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Melissa Gizzi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
2 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07451
Do you ever feel like you’re trying so hard to stay balanced, but things keep pulling you off center? You might be noticing yourself become overwhelmed, disconnected, or stuck in patterns you can’t seem to shift. You may be looking for a space to slow down, breathe, and understand why certain cycles keep repeating. I support teens, college students, and adults navigating anxiety, trauma, relationship challenges, and big transitions. Many clients arrive unsure how to move forward. In our work together, you’ll have a warm, grounding space to pause, reflect, and move toward a life that feels more balanced and aligned.
Do you ever feel like you’re trying so hard to stay balanced, but things keep pulling you off center? You might be noticing yourself become overwhelmed, disconnected, or stuck in patterns you can’t seem to shift. You may be looking for a space to slow down, breathe, and understand why certain cycles keep repeating. I support teens, college students, and adults navigating anxiety, trauma, relationship challenges, and big transitions. Many clients arrive unsure how to move forward. In our work together, you’ll have a warm, grounding space to pause, reflect, and move toward a life that feels more balanced and aligned.
(551) 373-4206 View (551) 373-4206
Photo of Carley Aroldi, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, IMH-E, MA
Carley Aroldi
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, IMH-E, MA
Ridgewood, NJ 07451
I am a clinical play therapist specializing in supporting young children and their families. I help overwhelmed parents create more calm, connection and cooperation in their homes using mindful parenting practices and brain based play therapy techniques. When YOU understand how to help your kid cope with big feelings and tough moments, everybody wins. Raising a resilient kid takes understanding, skill and SUPPORT. Let me help you become the parent your kid needs and deserves.
I am a clinical play therapist specializing in supporting young children and their families. I help overwhelmed parents create more calm, connection and cooperation in their homes using mindful parenting practices and brain based play therapy techniques. When YOU understand how to help your kid cope with big feelings and tough moments, everybody wins. Raising a resilient kid takes understanding, skill and SUPPORT. Let me help you become the parent your kid needs and deserves.
(646) 791-2847 View (646) 791-2847
Photo of Susan Ratner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Susan Ratner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Ridgewood, NJ 07451
My approach is collaborative, viewing therapy as a shared journey towards healing and growth. Together, we will work to develop insight, cultivate self compassion, process trauma and loss, and expand your coping skills to navigate the challenges you face with greater confidence and resilience. I am passionate about my work, and strive to create an open and accepting space for you to explore your thoughts, emotions and experiences.
My approach is collaborative, viewing therapy as a shared journey towards healing and growth. Together, we will work to develop insight, cultivate self compassion, process trauma and loss, and expand your coping skills to navigate the challenges you face with greater confidence and resilience. I am passionate about my work, and strive to create an open and accepting space for you to explore your thoughts, emotions and experiences.
(551) 231-1592 View (551) 231-1592
Photo of Sherry L. Goldman - Sherry Goldman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Sherry Goldman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07451
If you are suffer in your relationships, this is a judgment free zone for individuals and couples seeking help with relationship pain, sexuality, intimacy, betrayal, sexual dysfunctions, gender and orientation, menopause, body image, performance issues, etc. As a Gottman Level 2 Trained relationship therapist with over 25 years of experience, I also specialize in sexual issues and am LGBTQ+, fluid, non-binary, kink, affirming.
If you are suffer in your relationships, this is a judgment free zone for individuals and couples seeking help with relationship pain, sexuality, intimacy, betrayal, sexual dysfunctions, gender and orientation, menopause, body image, performance issues, etc. As a Gottman Level 2 Trained relationship therapist with over 25 years of experience, I also specialize in sexual issues and am LGBTQ+, fluid, non-binary, kink, affirming.
(732) 806-5009 View (732) 806-5009
Photo of Bonnie Malajian - Bonnie Malajian LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, ACSW
Bonnie Malajian LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, ACSW
Serves Area
I work in an eclectic manner with clients who struggle with depression, anxiety disorders, trauma, loss, PTSD, at-risk behaviors, relationship issues and life transitions. I offer a supportive and interactive experience for clients, providing the most appropriate modality and pace for each client. For over 30 years, I have enabled teenagers, adults and older adults to master the skills needed to manage emotions and navigate life's challenges. I do assessments to verify people needing "Therapy Pets" for travel and Clinical Assessments for Bariatric Surgery. I offer Equine Assisted Psychotherapy as an alternate experiential approach or as an adjunct modality to traditional talk therapy.
I work in an eclectic manner with clients who struggle with depression, anxiety disorders, trauma, loss, PTSD, at-risk behaviors, relationship issues and life transitions. I offer a supportive and interactive experience for clients, providing the most appropriate modality and pace for each client. For over 30 years, I have enabled teenagers, adults and older adults to master the skills needed to manage emotions and navigate life's challenges. I do assessments to verify people needing "Therapy Pets" for travel and Clinical Assessments for Bariatric Surgery. I offer Equine Assisted Psychotherapy as an alternate experiential approach or as an adjunct modality to traditional talk therapy.
(201) 514-2203 View (201) 514-2203
Photo of Ellen Stern - Ellen Stern - Changing Perspectives Counseling LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Ellen Stern - Changing Perspectives Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Serves Area
Do you feel anxious, sad, stressed, or overwhelmed? Do you feel scattered or have feelings of under-accomplishment? If this is your experience, or if there have been changes in your life, your relationships, or your work, now may be the time to seek help. Therapy can help you connect more with others and allow you to feel calm and focused. Parents, do you want to help your child/teen navigate school and social situations? Would you like your child to learn coping mechanisms and emotion regulation skills? Therapy can help you understand your child's perspective and strengthen the connection between you and your child/teen.
Do you feel anxious, sad, stressed, or overwhelmed? Do you feel scattered or have feelings of under-accomplishment? If this is your experience, or if there have been changes in your life, your relationships, or your work, now may be the time to seek help. Therapy can help you connect more with others and allow you to feel calm and focused. Parents, do you want to help your child/teen navigate school and social situations? Would you like your child to learn coping mechanisms and emotion regulation skills? Therapy can help you understand your child's perspective and strengthen the connection between you and your child/teen.
(201) 644-6124 View (201) 644-6124
Photo of Stephanie Kelleher, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Stephanie Kelleher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Serves Area
Feeling stuck, uncomfortable in you body and/or unsettled in your mind? My unique training in both behavioral and somatic therapies allows a unique approach. Utilizing the wisdom of the body, the wisdom of emotions, the way you show up in the world behaviorally, and how your mind has learned to protect you to inform a path to healing. Guiding you toward resiliency and improved coping with daily life is how I work.You will learn coping skills through mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotional regulation, interpersonal effectiveness, and somatic resourcing. We talk, problem solve, learn skills, & somatically process when indicated.
Feeling stuck, uncomfortable in you body and/or unsettled in your mind? My unique training in both behavioral and somatic therapies allows a unique approach. Utilizing the wisdom of the body, the wisdom of emotions, the way you show up in the world behaviorally, and how your mind has learned to protect you to inform a path to healing. Guiding you toward resiliency and improved coping with daily life is how I work.You will learn coping skills through mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotional regulation, interpersonal effectiveness, and somatic resourcing. We talk, problem solve, learn skills, & somatically process when indicated.
(646) 941-8283 View (646) 941-8283
Photo of Kevin Brennan - Dr. Kevin Brennan, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Kevin Brennan
Psychologist, PsyD
Serves Area
I am an individual, couple, and child psychologist committed to getting results. If you want a therapist that sits back and says "ah-hum" to you while you talk endlessly, I'm not your guy. I'm interactive, informative, and driven by getting to the heart of the matter. I do so by being wholly non-judgemental; creating a space where you feel refreshingly free to go deeper. Give me a try for free, and I'm confident our connection will feel easy and hopeful. For more info, visit my website, www.DrKevinB.com
I am an individual, couple, and child psychologist committed to getting results. If you want a therapist that sits back and says "ah-hum" to you while you talk endlessly, I'm not your guy. I'm interactive, informative, and driven by getting to the heart of the matter. I do so by being wholly non-judgemental; creating a space where you feel refreshingly free to go deeper. Give me a try for free, and I'm confident our connection will feel easy and hopeful. For more info, visit my website, www.DrKevinB.com
(908) 249-3554 View (908) 249-3554
Photo of Jhiree Jones, Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Jhiree Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Services in English &;Spanish! Life's experiences can be far too heavy to carry alone, and we all need someone to help us navigate the difficult times. Are you ready to regain control over your life? Do you struggle to find time for the things you enjoy? Have you or your child experienced a devastating loss, heartbreak, anxiety, or depression? Are you an empty nester? Do you want to learn how to manage the kids, partner, social obligations, self-care, work, and the twist and turns that life throws our way? If you answered yes, to any of the questions above, Call to Schedule Today!
Services in English &;Spanish! Life's experiences can be far too heavy to carry alone, and we all need someone to help us navigate the difficult times. Are you ready to regain control over your life? Do you struggle to find time for the things you enjoy? Have you or your child experienced a devastating loss, heartbreak, anxiety, or depression? Are you an empty nester? Do you want to learn how to manage the kids, partner, social obligations, self-care, work, and the twist and turns that life throws our way? If you answered yes, to any of the questions above, Call to Schedule Today!
(551) 227-9938 View (551) 227-9938
Photo of Nancy Just - Advanced Psychological Specialists, LLC, Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Advanced Psychological Specialists, LLC
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Serves Area
As one travels through the different stages of life, many challenges inevitably arise. These challenges can be the result of life circumstances, such as chronic pain, loss of a loved one, childhood/ parenting problems or relationship difficulties. These challenges can also be due to chronic or severe conditions such as depression, anxiety, cognitive disorder or thought disorder. A thorough assessment and psychological treatment plan can help you navigate all of these types of challenges and achieve optimal emotional health.
As one travels through the different stages of life, many challenges inevitably arise. These challenges can be the result of life circumstances, such as chronic pain, loss of a loved one, childhood/ parenting problems or relationship difficulties. These challenges can also be due to chronic or severe conditions such as depression, anxiety, cognitive disorder or thought disorder. A thorough assessment and psychological treatment plan can help you navigate all of these types of challenges and achieve optimal emotional health.
(201) 335-0206 View (201) 335-0206
Photo of Tasha M Brown, Psychologist, PhD
Tasha M Brown
Psychologist, PhD
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hello, my name is Dr. Tasha M. Brown, I am a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in working with children, adolescents, parents, and young adults. I provide a wide variety of evidence-based clinical services and I am passionate about helping the individuals she works with function adequately at home, school, and in their communities. My goal in treatment is to create a warm and supportive environment , where children, adolescents, young adults, and families can be their authentic selves. I am very dedicated to building a collaborative environment where we work hand-in-hand to address concerns together.
Hello, my name is Dr. Tasha M. Brown, I am a licensed clinical psychologist who specializes in working with children, adolescents, parents, and young adults. I provide a wide variety of evidence-based clinical services and I am passionate about helping the individuals she works with function adequately at home, school, and in their communities. My goal in treatment is to create a warm and supportive environment , where children, adolescents, young adults, and families can be their authentic selves. I am very dedicated to building a collaborative environment where we work hand-in-hand to address concerns together.
(914) 279-1886 View (914) 279-1886
Photo of John E. Macri, Psychologist, P, h, D
John E. Macri
Psychologist, P, h, D
Serves Area
We take a comprehensive approach to understand the challenges our clients face on a daily basis. We strive to turn these challenges into positive and measurable outcomes. We help individuals by teaching evidence-based techniques which can be applied directly to the workplace, athletics and social/emotional functioning. Our clients learn how to perform effectively by increasing focus and attention, setting specific goals, decreasing negative emotions and increasing confidence. Whether you are an adolescent, professional in the workplace, competitive athlete, or an individual adapting to a life transition, we can help you to articulate and achieve your personal goals.
We take a comprehensive approach to understand the challenges our clients face on a daily basis. We strive to turn these challenges into positive and measurable outcomes. We help individuals by teaching evidence-based techniques which can be applied directly to the workplace, athletics and social/emotional functioning. Our clients learn how to perform effectively by increasing focus and attention, setting specific goals, decreasing negative emotions and increasing confidence. Whether you are an adolescent, professional in the workplace, competitive athlete, or an individual adapting to a life transition, we can help you to articulate and achieve your personal goals.
(201) 484-5374 View (201) 484-5374
Photo of Judith Reich-Byron, MS, BC/DMT
Judith Reich-Byron
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Are you struggling with anxiety that is interfering with your daily life? Are you facing life transitions that are impacting your mood? Maybe you’re noticing a change in your ability to navigate big emotions or just having difficulty relating to others? Or, perhaps you’re feeling isolated and alone? Are your coping mechanisms falling short?
Are you struggling with anxiety that is interfering with your daily life? Are you facing life transitions that are impacting your mood? Maybe you’re noticing a change in your ability to navigate big emotions or just having difficulty relating to others? Or, perhaps you’re feeling isolated and alone? Are your coping mechanisms falling short?
(201) 350-1246 View (201) 350-1246
Photo of Kathryn Rose Gately, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, BCBA
Kathryn Rose Gately
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, BCBA
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
As a compassionate, dedicated, and enthusiastic therapist, I utilize a personalized, educational form of cognitive-behavioral therapy. I assist clients in identifying stressors, developing coping skills, and empowering individuals to achieve their maximum potential. Based upon my experience in the field, I have come to the conclusion that it is of the utmost importance to include an integrative approach when working with children.
As a compassionate, dedicated, and enthusiastic therapist, I utilize a personalized, educational form of cognitive-behavioral therapy. I assist clients in identifying stressors, developing coping skills, and empowering individuals to achieve their maximum potential. Based upon my experience in the field, I have come to the conclusion that it is of the utmost importance to include an integrative approach when working with children.
(201) 468-6758 View (201) 468-6758
Photo of Shari A Becker, Psychologist, PhD
Shari A Becker
Psychologist, PhD
Serves Area
It is my pleasure and privilege to work with individuals, couples and families in my Ridgewood private practice. Since receiving my Ph.D. in 1998, I have had the opportunity to offer psychotherapy to late teens and adults who are struggling with issues related to mood, anxiety, body image, self worth and relationships. I take a highly interactive approach to treatment, engaging with my patients as they explore the obstacles to their optimal spiritual, mental, physical and emotional well-being. Our goal, working together, is to turn those obstacles into opportunities for openness and integrity in personal and relationship issues.
It is my pleasure and privilege to work with individuals, couples and families in my Ridgewood private practice. Since receiving my Ph.D. in 1998, I have had the opportunity to offer psychotherapy to late teens and adults who are struggling with issues related to mood, anxiety, body image, self worth and relationships. I take a highly interactive approach to treatment, engaging with my patients as they explore the obstacles to their optimal spiritual, mental, physical and emotional well-being. Our goal, working together, is to turn those obstacles into opportunities for openness and integrity in personal and relationship issues.
(201) 512-8975 View (201) 512-8975
Photo of Susan First, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Susan First
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Serves Area
I am dedicated to helping individuals develop the skills to resolve interpersonal and psychological issues. I have specialty training in anxiety and depression, family therapy, grief/bereavement counseling, borderline personality disorder, and in health psychology; including pain and symptom management, anxiety reduction and adjustment to illness. I work with adolescents in the area of dealing with blended family issues, school avoidance, self harm and social anxiety. Regardless of the specific therapeutic issue, I take an individualized approach and focus on cultivating growth, insight and self-compassion.
I am dedicated to helping individuals develop the skills to resolve interpersonal and psychological issues. I have specialty training in anxiety and depression, family therapy, grief/bereavement counseling, borderline personality disorder, and in health psychology; including pain and symptom management, anxiety reduction and adjustment to illness. I work with adolescents in the area of dealing with blended family issues, school avoidance, self harm and social anxiety. Regardless of the specific therapeutic issue, I take an individualized approach and focus on cultivating growth, insight and self-compassion.
(201) 425-1615 View (201) 425-1615
Photo of Dr. Sharon Bale-Peña, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW, PMH-C
Dr. Sharon Bale-Peña
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW, PMH-C
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hi! I’m Sharon (aka Dr. B), owner of Verdant Counseling. I work with moms, dads, teens and college students who deal with anxiety, depression, trauma, and relationship issues. This might look like crying all the time, inability to get things done, and struggling to get through the day let alone find joy in life. In therapy I help people find better ways to cope, connect with internal and external strengths they didn’t realize they had, and find ways to make things work for them.
Hi! I’m Sharon (aka Dr. B), owner of Verdant Counseling. I work with moms, dads, teens and college students who deal with anxiety, depression, trauma, and relationship issues. This might look like crying all the time, inability to get things done, and struggling to get through the day let alone find joy in life. In therapy I help people find better ways to cope, connect with internal and external strengths they didn’t realize they had, and find ways to make things work for them.
(201) 740-5477 View (201) 740-5477

See more therapy options for 07451

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 07451

40+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in 07451 who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
91% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
74% Coping Skills
72% Grief
72% Parenting
72% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

19 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Aetna
38% Other
33% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 07451 see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
16% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 07451?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.