Therapists in Montclair, NJ

Photo of Mallory Seidman, Psychologist in Montclair, NJ
Mallory Seidman
Psychologist, PsyD, MS
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am a clinical neuropsychologist and provide neuropsychological evaluations to students of all ages to help determine their strengths and weaknesses and the root cause of their difficulties (e.g., learning disorders, ADHD, anxiety/mood disorder, etc.). I provide targeted recommendations, which may include school-based interventions, standardized test accommodations (e.g., SAT, ACT, etc.), referrals for follow-up treatment, study skills, executive functioning strategies, etc. Evaluations include an initial consultation, testing, feedback meetings, and a comprehensive report.
I am a clinical neuropsychologist and provide neuropsychological evaluations to students of all ages to help determine their strengths and weaknesses and the root cause of their difficulties (e.g., learning disorders, ADHD, anxiety/mood disorder, etc.). I provide targeted recommendations, which may include school-based interventions, standardized test accommodations (e.g., SAT, ACT, etc.), referrals for follow-up treatment, study skills, executive functioning strategies, etc. Evaluations include an initial consultation, testing, feedback meetings, and a comprehensive report.
(917) 909-2474 View (917) 909-2474
Photo of Katherine Barton Webber, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Katherine Barton Webber
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
Not accepting new clients
Before going into private practice, I was a Clinical Manager at Mount Sinai Hospital in NYC. After the September 11th attacks, I was retained by major corporations to provide counseling to employees suffering from trauma. In 1993, I co-founded the NYC Balkan Rape Crisis Task Force and traveled to Croatia to provide assistance to war survivors. In addition to my work experience, I have extensive post-graduate training... I have a Certificate from the Women's Therapy Centre Institute in Eating and Body Image Problems and from the Center for Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis of New Jersey in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy.
Before going into private practice, I was a Clinical Manager at Mount Sinai Hospital in NYC. After the September 11th attacks, I was retained by major corporations to provide counseling to employees suffering from trauma. In 1993, I co-founded the NYC Balkan Rape Crisis Task Force and traveled to Croatia to provide assistance to war survivors. In addition to my work experience, I have extensive post-graduate training... I have a Certificate from the Women's Therapy Centre Institute in Eating and Body Image Problems and from the Center for Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis of New Jersey in Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy.
(973) 744-1600 x3 View (973) 744-1600 x3
Photo of Samantha Brenner Awadallah, Licensed Professional Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Samantha Brenner Awadallah
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
How brave of you to be searching for a therapist. Getting to this point often means the struggles you face have gotten to a point of affecting your quality of life; and admitting this can feel defeating. At the same time, if you’re here, you know therapy can be an opportunity to improve your well-being. By collaborating with me, we can build an understanding of your struggles and work through embracing meaningful growth and change. My twenty years experience in the mental health field has taught me that the most significant change and healing comes from within the client, and can be fostered through a supportive therapeutic rapport.
How brave of you to be searching for a therapist. Getting to this point often means the struggles you face have gotten to a point of affecting your quality of life; and admitting this can feel defeating. At the same time, if you’re here, you know therapy can be an opportunity to improve your well-being. By collaborating with me, we can build an understanding of your struggles and work through embracing meaningful growth and change. My twenty years experience in the mental health field has taught me that the most significant change and healing comes from within the client, and can be fostered through a supportive therapeutic rapport.
(973) 319-8615 View (973) 319-8615
Photo of Maggie Ross, Licensed Professional Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Maggie Ross
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042
Not accepting new clients
Welcome! It takes strength to reach out for support. As a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and certified school counselor, I believe in the power of the therapeutic relationship. Together we will work to develop the insight, skills, and tools you’ll need to achieve your goals. As a therapist who values a holistic approach, I work to provide a safe, brave space for you to explore the ways you want to grow, heal and feel empowered in your life. I am trained and have experience in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy (TF-CBT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
Welcome! It takes strength to reach out for support. As a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and certified school counselor, I believe in the power of the therapeutic relationship. Together we will work to develop the insight, skills, and tools you’ll need to achieve your goals. As a therapist who values a holistic approach, I work to provide a safe, brave space for you to explore the ways you want to grow, heal and feel empowered in your life. I am trained and have experience in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy (TF-CBT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
(973) 310-5517 View (973) 310-5517
Photo of Donna Ciccone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Donna Ciccone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
Life is complicated and ever-changing. The good news is that there are endless possibilities in overcoming the obstacles that are thrown our way. Keeping a growth mindset and an unshakeable sense of hope can be difficult in tough times, but entirely possible. Working collaboratively in a safe and nurturing environment, we can identify the root cause of your suffering and the most effective interventions. It’s time to fully embrace your fulfilling and purposeful life!
Life is complicated and ever-changing. The good news is that there are endless possibilities in overcoming the obstacles that are thrown our way. Keeping a growth mindset and an unshakeable sense of hope can be difficult in tough times, but entirely possible. Working collaboratively in a safe and nurturing environment, we can identify the root cause of your suffering and the most effective interventions. It’s time to fully embrace your fulfilling and purposeful life!
(862) 278-9295 View (862) 278-9295
Photo of Ghalia Zelfo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Ghalia Zelfo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
Life gets tough sometimes, you might be having a difficult time in your relationships. You are struggling with communication, trust, intimacy, and you might be feeling emotionally disconnected from your partner or loved ones. It's important for you to feel heard in your healing journey. Your goals to improve your relationships, increase emotional intimacy, and create harmony and balance in your life are valid. I help my clients deepen their understanding of themselves and their loved ones, cultivate compassion and empathy, and create meaningful connections.
Life gets tough sometimes, you might be having a difficult time in your relationships. You are struggling with communication, trust, intimacy, and you might be feeling emotionally disconnected from your partner or loved ones. It's important for you to feel heard in your healing journey. Your goals to improve your relationships, increase emotional intimacy, and create harmony and balance in your life are valid. I help my clients deepen their understanding of themselves and their loved ones, cultivate compassion and empathy, and create meaningful connections.
(973) 221-9916 View (973) 221-9916
Photo of Austin Hodges, Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Austin Hodges
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
If you find that you are struggling or in pain right now, I can assist you in overcoming your challenges. Together we will work towards gaining insight and awareness to what is causing you to feel distress, discouraged or stuck. I work with young adults and adults throughout the lifespan experiencing a variety of issues. My specialties include anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, as well as conflicts concerning stress management, career/work, relationships, and life transitions.
If you find that you are struggling or in pain right now, I can assist you in overcoming your challenges. Together we will work towards gaining insight and awareness to what is causing you to feel distress, discouraged or stuck. I work with young adults and adults throughout the lifespan experiencing a variety of issues. My specialties include anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, as well as conflicts concerning stress management, career/work, relationships, and life transitions.
(201) 676-9882 View (201) 676-9882
Photo of Susan L Markowitz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Susan L Markowitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
We decide to seek out a therapist for a myriad of reasons. Many of us suffer with social anxiety, chronic low self-esteem or a persistent sense of sadness or loneliness. Many also suffer from recurring trauma related experiences, leading to sleeping or eating disturbances, substance abuse, and panic. These persistent, intractable feelings often make it difficult to function optimally in our daily lives. They interfere with our ability to develop and sustain fulfilling relationships and prevent us from achieving our dreams and goals.
We decide to seek out a therapist for a myriad of reasons. Many of us suffer with social anxiety, chronic low self-esteem or a persistent sense of sadness or loneliness. Many also suffer from recurring trauma related experiences, leading to sleeping or eating disturbances, substance abuse, and panic. These persistent, intractable feelings often make it difficult to function optimally in our daily lives. They interfere with our ability to develop and sustain fulfilling relationships and prevent us from achieving our dreams and goals.
(973) 671-8142 View (973) 671-8142
Photo of Karen Bright, Licensed Professional Counselor in Montclair, NJ
Karen Bright
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
Hi, I am a licensed professional counselor in NJ since 2005 but started in the field in 1992. I have worked with people in a number of different settings as well as with different diagnosis. I've spent a large portion of my career helping with loss and grief and another part helping parents navigate the tween and teen years and how to cope with children who might have a mental health diagnosis or challenge
Hi, I am a licensed professional counselor in NJ since 2005 but started in the field in 1992. I have worked with people in a number of different settings as well as with different diagnosis. I've spent a large portion of my career helping with loss and grief and another part helping parents navigate the tween and teen years and how to cope with children who might have a mental health diagnosis or challenge
(973) 798-1862 View (973) 798-1862
Photo of Arthur L Pressley, Psychologist in Montclair, NJ
Arthur L Pressley
Psychologist, PhD, MDiv
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042
I have a clinical practice that offers services to children, adolescents, and couples. Most couples seek therapy to improve their communication, to discover more effective strategies to resolve conflicts and to create new goals for their marriage. Almost all couples come to the realization that the reasons for staying married are different than the reasons for getting married. Couples therapy can frequently help achieve these goals in 4-6 sessions. my clinical practice with children focuses on helping parents to gain a wider range of interventions with children who are adjusting to changes in their bodies, families, and school.
I have a clinical practice that offers services to children, adolescents, and couples. Most couples seek therapy to improve their communication, to discover more effective strategies to resolve conflicts and to create new goals for their marriage. Almost all couples come to the realization that the reasons for staying married are different than the reasons for getting married. Couples therapy can frequently help achieve these goals in 4-6 sessions. my clinical practice with children focuses on helping parents to gain a wider range of interventions with children who are adjusting to changes in their bodies, families, and school.
(862) 276-2867 View (862) 276-2867
Photo of Paula Ochs, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Paula Ochs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, TEP
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07043
Not accepting new clients
I am a highly experienced family therapist, supervisor, and educator, practicing in northern NJ. I have worked with hundreds of clients over the past 25 years. I work with young children and adolescents and their families as well as couples on a wide variety of issues. I believe all problems can be helped by improving connections with others. Children's problems are always helped by strengthening the parent/child bond especially when crises like separation, divorce, illness and death arise. I am an AAMFT Approved Supervisor and have the highest credential available in Psychodrama. I teach family therapy at the institute level.
I am a highly experienced family therapist, supervisor, and educator, practicing in northern NJ. I have worked with hundreds of clients over the past 25 years. I work with young children and adolescents and their families as well as couples on a wide variety of issues. I believe all problems can be helped by improving connections with others. Children's problems are always helped by strengthening the parent/child bond especially when crises like separation, divorce, illness and death arise. I am an AAMFT Approved Supervisor and have the highest credential available in Psychodrama. I teach family therapy at the institute level.
(973) 500-2743 View (973) 500-2743
Tressa Henson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LLPC
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
I BELIEVE YOU HAVE MADE A DECISION TO TAKE ACTION IN TRANSITIONING INTO A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE. IT IS MY MISSION TO PROVIDE YOU WITH THE ENCOURAGEMENT AND COMPASSION WHILE YOU GROW AND DEVELOP USING A HOLISTIC AND SAFE ENVIRONMENT, FREE FROM JUDGMENT.
I BELIEVE YOU HAVE MADE A DECISION TO TAKE ACTION IN TRANSITIONING INTO A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE. IT IS MY MISSION TO PROVIDE YOU WITH THE ENCOURAGEMENT AND COMPASSION WHILE YOU GROW AND DEVELOP USING A HOLISTIC AND SAFE ENVIRONMENT, FREE FROM JUDGMENT.
(973) 791-6027 View (973) 791-6027
Photo of Maria Owens, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Maria Owens
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
Hello. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 18 years of experience in mental health. My career began after receiving my bachelors in psychology from TCNJ in 2005. I started as a case manager at a community mental health facility and then decided to pursue my masters.
Hello. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 18 years of experience in mental health. My career began after receiving my bachelors in psychology from TCNJ in 2005. I started as a case manager at a community mental health facility and then decided to pursue my masters.
(973) 381-3870 View (973) 381-3870
Photo of Jake McFarland, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Jake McFarland
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
Hi I’m Jake and I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. My goal is to provide a supportive and safe environment for people that are struggling with a mental health issue/crisis. Ive been an outpatient individual therapist since 2007 and have experiences with many types of issues and varying levels of severity. I strive to be open-minded, non judgmental, and as honest as I can be.
Hi I’m Jake and I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. My goal is to provide a supportive and safe environment for people that are struggling with a mental health issue/crisis. Ive been an outpatient individual therapist since 2007 and have experiences with many types of issues and varying levels of severity. I strive to be open-minded, non judgmental, and as honest as I can be.
(862) 640-2421 View (862) 640-2421
Photo of Stacie Dubnoff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Stacie Dubnoff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
Life has many ups and downs. Whether you are struggling to put yourself first or to break out of unhelpful patterns, coping with a loss or the end of a relationship, or are feeling anxious and overwhelmed, there are times when we all need support to cope with challenges.
Life has many ups and downs. Whether you are struggling to put yourself first or to break out of unhelpful patterns, coping with a loss or the end of a relationship, or are feeling anxious and overwhelmed, there are times when we all need support to cope with challenges.
(551) 266-5518 View (551) 266-5518
Photo of Crystal Roskell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Crystal Roskell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042  (Online Only)
I believe in collaboration with clients not directives. My style is genuine and empathetic while being solution-focused. I am capable of using different treatment modalities; I realize that everyone's needs and preferences are different. Ultimately, I believe in empowering clients to help themselves. Perhaps you are struggling with serious challenges or, you may want to learn how to deal with difficult people or situations.
I believe in collaboration with clients not directives. My style is genuine and empathetic while being solution-focused. I am capable of using different treatment modalities; I realize that everyone's needs and preferences are different. Ultimately, I believe in empowering clients to help themselves. Perhaps you are struggling with serious challenges or, you may want to learn how to deal with difficult people or situations.
(973) 658-4158 View (973) 658-4158
Photo of Boni Shevelove, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Boni Shevelove
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, OTR/L
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
Not accepting new clients
I recognize the courage it takes to seek help. Whether you are struggling with a new transition in your life or unresolved pain from the past, I am here to guide your efforts to move in a direction of healing. My focus is to help clients recognize and identify the judgments and fears that prevent them from living life with a greater sense of ease and safety. Even in the midst of suffering, personal growth and change are possible. They can be achieved by cultivating awareness and acceptance of the self, others, and situations - exactly as they are.
I recognize the courage it takes to seek help. Whether you are struggling with a new transition in your life or unresolved pain from the past, I am here to guide your efforts to move in a direction of healing. My focus is to help clients recognize and identify the judgments and fears that prevent them from living life with a greater sense of ease and safety. Even in the midst of suffering, personal growth and change are possible. They can be achieved by cultivating awareness and acceptance of the self, others, and situations - exactly as they are.
(862) 800-2134 View (862) 800-2134
Photo of Jeffrey Doorn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Jeffrey Doorn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
I have tremendous faith in our ability to heal. This is a capacity that lies within each of us. Sometimes we need help accessing our resources and marshaling them to the task at hand. My goal is to help you find your answers. If I have practical advice that will help you I will give it. You won't have to guess what I am thinking.
I have tremendous faith in our ability to heal. This is a capacity that lies within each of us. Sometimes we need help accessing our resources and marshaling them to the task at hand. My goal is to help you find your answers. If I have practical advice that will help you I will give it. You won't have to guess what I am thinking.
(973) 317-8235 View (973) 317-8235
Photo of Kelly Zanetich, Psychologist in Montclair, NJ
Kelly Zanetich
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Montclair, NJ 07042
My priority is to create a safe, trauma-informed, LGBTQ+ affirming, culturally responsive space for you to heal and grow. I provide a mindfulness, attachment, compassion, and body-based approach that makes and holds space for all parts of you-thoughts, emotions, body, sexuality, relationships, cultural experience, and inner wisdom. I'm trained in Internal Family Systems (IFS-Level 2), Somatic Experiencing (SE), Relational Psychodynamic Therapy, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
My priority is to create a safe, trauma-informed, LGBTQ+ affirming, culturally responsive space for you to heal and grow. I provide a mindfulness, attachment, compassion, and body-based approach that makes and holds space for all parts of you-thoughts, emotions, body, sexuality, relationships, cultural experience, and inner wisdom. I'm trained in Internal Family Systems (IFS-Level 2), Somatic Experiencing (SE), Relational Psychodynamic Therapy, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
(201) 335-0454 View (201) 335-0454
Photo of Anthony Dimitrion, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Montclair, NJ
Anthony Dimitrion
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CST
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Montclair, NJ 07042
Not accepting new clients
You’ve spent much of your life trying to overcome the residual effects of overwhelming childhood experiences. Of course you’ve tried the popular coping skills and read the self-help books, yet even with the personal growth you’ve done, your past keeps finding ways to sneak back up! As a survivor of childhood trauma and parental narcissism, I can very much relate! My career has been dedicated to helping clients make sense of and heal from the complex experiences of childhood while learning how to deal with dysfunctional family dynamics still prevalent in present day.
You’ve spent much of your life trying to overcome the residual effects of overwhelming childhood experiences. Of course you’ve tried the popular coping skills and read the self-help books, yet even with the personal growth you’ve done, your past keeps finding ways to sneak back up! As a survivor of childhood trauma and parental narcissism, I can very much relate! My career has been dedicated to helping clients make sense of and heal from the complex experiences of childhood while learning how to deal with dysfunctional family dynamics still prevalent in present day.
(201) 701-2210 View (201) 701-2210

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Montclair, NJ

800+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Montclair, NJ who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
71% Coping Skills
64% Family Conflict
64% Stress

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

73% Aetna
66% Cigna and Evernorth
66% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Montclair, NJ see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Montclair?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.