Therapists in Darien, CT

Photo of Lauren Dobbs, Psychologist in Darien, CT
Lauren Dobbs
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Darien, CT 06820
Dr. Dobbs is an accomplished clinical psychologist with over fifteen years of experience between teaching and clinical work. She specializes in working with children, teens, and adults and has worked across various settings, including private practice, school, residential, and community mental health. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in the gold standard of treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which provides faster, more effective results. With children and teens, she goes beyond the traditional confines of therapy by harnessing their natural creativity, integrating art, music, games, journaling, and other creative outlets.
Dr. Dobbs is an accomplished clinical psychologist with over fifteen years of experience between teaching and clinical work. She specializes in working with children, teens, and adults and has worked across various settings, including private practice, school, residential, and community mental health. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in the gold standard of treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which provides faster, more effective results. With children and teens, she goes beyond the traditional confines of therapy by harnessing their natural creativity, integrating art, music, games, journaling, and other creative outlets.
View
Photo of DiRomaTherapy, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Darien, CT
DiRomaTherapy
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LMSW, LADC
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
Substances and alcohol does not only effect the user, but family and friends who struggle to know what to do or how to handle the situation. Feeling like you are surviving and not living, wanting to get outside of yourself, or watching someone become self destructive and not knowing how to help can feel devastating to individuals. Getting clean and or sober While adjusting to everyday life can be difficult but I am here to help. Together we can create your path to recovery and lay down the foundation to how that looks. Together we can help you cope watching a loved one becoming self destructive with drugs or alcohol.
Substances and alcohol does not only effect the user, but family and friends who struggle to know what to do or how to handle the situation. Feeling like you are surviving and not living, wanting to get outside of yourself, or watching someone become self destructive and not knowing how to help can feel devastating to individuals. Getting clean and or sober While adjusting to everyday life can be difficult but I am here to help. Together we can create your path to recovery and lay down the foundation to how that looks. Together we can help you cope watching a loved one becoming self destructive with drugs or alcohol.
(203) 533-4491 View (203) 533-4491
Photo of Kimberly Johnson, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Darien, CT
Kimberly Johnson, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist practicing in Darien, CT. I received my undergraduate degree from the University of Vermont and my Master's Degree in 2013 from Fairfield University. I have more than 10 years successfully treating couples, individuals, families and teens. I have been married for more than 25 years and have three children. I look forward to speaking with you about your individual or family goals.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist practicing in Darien, CT. I received my undergraduate degree from the University of Vermont and my Master's Degree in 2013 from Fairfield University. I have more than 10 years successfully treating couples, individuals, families and teens. I have been married for more than 25 years and have three children. I look forward to speaking with you about your individual or family goals.
(475) 234-2608 View (475) 234-2608
Photo of Andy Hernandez, Pre-Licensed Professional in Darien, CT
Andy Hernandez
Pre-Licensed Professional, Intern
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820  (Online Only)
Therapy is a valuable avenue for individuals to enhance their self-awareness and gain a deeper understanding of the world around them. The interplay between emotions, thoughts, and behaviors can often result in feelings of frustration and therapy helps you better understand where those feelings come from and how to better control them.. In my practice, I adopt a person-centered approach complemented by experiential techniques, which serve to foster heightened awareness and self-regulation.
Therapy is a valuable avenue for individuals to enhance their self-awareness and gain a deeper understanding of the world around them. The interplay between emotions, thoughts, and behaviors can often result in feelings of frustration and therapy helps you better understand where those feelings come from and how to better control them.. In my practice, I adopt a person-centered approach complemented by experiential techniques, which serve to foster heightened awareness and self-regulation.
(475) 267-6003 View (475) 267-6003
Photo of Dr. Marisol Westberg, Marriage & Family Therapist in Darien, CT
Dr. Marisol Westberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
I am a board certified sexologist and a licensed couples therapist. I maintain a private practice with a focus on sex therapy. I have been a couple's therapist for 20 years. I am sex-positive and specialize in sex therapy that is inclusive of alternative relationships and erotic minorities. My areas of expertise are intimate relationships, pleasure, infidelity, sexual desire discrepancies, lack of desire, difficulties with orgasm, difficulties with erections and orgasm, pain and discomfort in sex, alternative sexualities and lifestyles, sexual abuse and violence. My approach in therapy is one that is positive, validating,
I am a board certified sexologist and a licensed couples therapist. I maintain a private practice with a focus on sex therapy. I have been a couple's therapist for 20 years. I am sex-positive and specialize in sex therapy that is inclusive of alternative relationships and erotic minorities. My areas of expertise are intimate relationships, pleasure, infidelity, sexual desire discrepancies, lack of desire, difficulties with orgasm, difficulties with erections and orgasm, pain and discomfort in sex, alternative sexualities and lifestyles, sexual abuse and violence. My approach in therapy is one that is positive, validating,
(475) 275-9719 View (475) 275-9719
Photo of Dr. Cole Duncan, Psychologist in Darien, CT
Dr. Cole Duncan
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
I am extensively trained in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and multiple Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) approaches. I am also flexible in my approach to therapy and will use other modalities if it is appropriate for your needs. If you are interested in learning more about yourself and receiving a data-driven diagnosis, I offer psychological assessments.
I am extensively trained in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and multiple Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) approaches. I am also flexible in my approach to therapy and will use other modalities if it is appropriate for your needs. If you are interested in learning more about yourself and receiving a data-driven diagnosis, I offer psychological assessments.
(203) 599-7928 View (203) 599-7928
Photo of Mary Frank, Licensed Professional Counselor in Darien, CT
Mary Frank
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
Welcome! If you've made it this far, chances are you or a loved one are in need of some help. I'm a wellness and strength based counselor, meaning I believe wellness to be our natural state, and that we possess the innate strength to get there. In the midst of adversity, the goal is to return to a state of wellness, improve daily functioning, and regain the ability to experience joy in life. It often feels overwhelming or even hopeless, but it's not. I offer a non-judgmental and positive, person centered approach that ensures a confidential and comfortable space to process all the challenges life has thrown your way.
Welcome! If you've made it this far, chances are you or a loved one are in need of some help. I'm a wellness and strength based counselor, meaning I believe wellness to be our natural state, and that we possess the innate strength to get there. In the midst of adversity, the goal is to return to a state of wellness, improve daily functioning, and regain the ability to experience joy in life. It often feels overwhelming or even hopeless, but it's not. I offer a non-judgmental and positive, person centered approach that ensures a confidential and comfortable space to process all the challenges life has thrown your way.
(203) 424-2370 View (203) 424-2370
Photo of Matthew G Mandelbaum, Psychologist in Darien, CT
Matthew G Mandelbaum
Psychologist, PhD, MSEd, MA
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
I help each client in the process of becoming an authentic self who is capable in all areas of life. I help people working in business, healthcare, the arts, education, along with emerging adults, and university students. My clients are sensitive, bright, and want to learn. My goals for each client are: To improve decision making and problem-solving abilities, To reduce the effects of pain and suffering, & To increase resilience. My aims for each client are: To improve self-determination and agency, To reduce non-effective, non-life-affirming behaviors, & To replace ineffective behaviors with more effective ones.
I help each client in the process of becoming an authentic self who is capable in all areas of life. I help people working in business, healthcare, the arts, education, along with emerging adults, and university students. My clients are sensitive, bright, and want to learn. My goals for each client are: To improve decision making and problem-solving abilities, To reduce the effects of pain and suffering, & To increase resilience. My aims for each client are: To improve self-determination and agency, To reduce non-effective, non-life-affirming behaviors, & To replace ineffective behaviors with more effective ones.
(203) 275-0448 View (203) 275-0448
Photo of Jason Duncan, Psychologist in Darien, CT
Jason Duncan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
I am a psychologist providing therapy and assessment services for children through adults. I have extensive clinical experience and am an expert Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. I’ve been trained by top therapy institutes, am a board member for well accomplished CBT organizations, and run the official podcast for the national CBT organization. I strive to regularly advance my knowledge and provide leading scientific treatments. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, panic, OCD, trauma, stress, insomnia, ADHD, defiance, and work/school issues. Many of my clients lead busy lives; therefore, I offer evening appointments.
I am a psychologist providing therapy and assessment services for children through adults. I have extensive clinical experience and am an expert Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. I’ve been trained by top therapy institutes, am a board member for well accomplished CBT organizations, and run the official podcast for the national CBT organization. I strive to regularly advance my knowledge and provide leading scientific treatments. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, panic, OCD, trauma, stress, insomnia, ADHD, defiance, and work/school issues. Many of my clients lead busy lives; therefore, I offer evening appointments.
View
Photo of Phyllis Weihs-Yavner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Darien, CT
Phyllis Weihs-Yavner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, CDF
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
Waitlist for new clients
I believe therapy is about helping you explore ways to make the changes in your life that will allow you to look forward to the future with hope. I believe that we all need someone to talk with who will really listen and accept us as we are, without judgment. I will provide you with that warm, nonjudgmental environment-a safe place to explore the issues that may be preventing you from living the life you want. We all go through difficult times and together we can work to foster resiliency to help you on your journey towards healing.
I believe therapy is about helping you explore ways to make the changes in your life that will allow you to look forward to the future with hope. I believe that we all need someone to talk with who will really listen and accept us as we are, without judgment. I will provide you with that warm, nonjudgmental environment-a safe place to explore the issues that may be preventing you from living the life you want. We all go through difficult times and together we can work to foster resiliency to help you on your journey towards healing.
View
Photo of Meaghan Hetherington, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Darien, CT
Meaghan Hetherington
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
Therapy can be a powerful tool to address the challenges we all encounter, including those that arise in our relationships, our work, or as a result of life transitions or loss. I believe insights gained through the collaborative psychotherapy process can relieve symptoms, support meaningful connections to others, and promote the self-esteem and skills necessary to live a fulfilling life. I work with adults and adolescents experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, interpersonal issues, and life transitions, including the adjustment to motherhood.
Therapy can be a powerful tool to address the challenges we all encounter, including those that arise in our relationships, our work, or as a result of life transitions or loss. I believe insights gained through the collaborative psychotherapy process can relieve symptoms, support meaningful connections to others, and promote the self-esteem and skills necessary to live a fulfilling life. I work with adults and adolescents experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, interpersonal issues, and life transitions, including the adjustment to motherhood.
(201) 809-3579 View (201) 809-3579
Photo of Kirsten Dunlap, Pre-Licensed Professional in Darien, CT
Kirsten Dunlap
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820  (Online Only)
Life is not easy, but with the right help, challenges really can become opportunities for growth. My aim as a therapist is to provide clients with a judgment-free space where they can openly examine their lives and express their true feelings. I view each client as a unique individual and believe there is no one size-fits-all technique to psychotherapy. My approach is integrative, collaborative, and empathetic. My main goals as a therapist are to help my clients develop new ways of looking at their thinking, identify limiting or unhealthy patterns, and help them move forward into healing and flourishing.
Life is not easy, but with the right help, challenges really can become opportunities for growth. My aim as a therapist is to provide clients with a judgment-free space where they can openly examine their lives and express their true feelings. I view each client as a unique individual and believe there is no one size-fits-all technique to psychotherapy. My approach is integrative, collaborative, and empathetic. My main goals as a therapist are to help my clients develop new ways of looking at their thinking, identify limiting or unhealthy patterns, and help them move forward into healing and flourishing.
(203) 635-2672 View (203) 635-2672
Photo of Michaela D'Urso, Pre-Licensed Professional in Darien, CT
Michaela D'Urso
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
View
Photo of Robert Romano, LCSW, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Darien, CT
Robert Romano, LCSW, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
Hello, thanks for visiting. My experience as a therapist includes working with adolescents and adults into late adulthood. I have compassionately supported a diverse group of clients (at Silver Hill Hospital in New Canaan, CT and elsewhere) by teaming with them to address issues such as: addiction and co-occurring disorders; anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD, identity development and acceptance; low self-esteem, emotional self-regulation; stress management; relationships, family conflict; co-dependency, career struggles; academic difficulties; grief and loss; and other life transitions. My goal is to understand your needs, and provide tools to help you live your best life.
Hello, thanks for visiting. My experience as a therapist includes working with adolescents and adults into late adulthood. I have compassionately supported a diverse group of clients (at Silver Hill Hospital in New Canaan, CT and elsewhere) by teaming with them to address issues such as: addiction and co-occurring disorders; anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD, identity development and acceptance; low self-esteem, emotional self-regulation; stress management; relationships, family conflict; co-dependency, career struggles; academic difficulties; grief and loss; and other life transitions. My goal is to understand your needs, and provide tools to help you live your best life.
(203) 654-9094 View (203) 654-9094
Photo of Kathleen Ridgway LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Darien, CT
Kathleen Ridgway LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
My approach to therapy is to help clients trust and utilize their strengths while teaching new skills and strategies to better cope with life's challenges. Healing and growth starts in a trusting, nonjudgmental atmosphere where you feel comfortable enough to explore all the components of yourself and your life. I view therapeutic work as a true partnership, and I aim to help clients move towards increased self-awareness, self-confidence, self-compassion, and self-actualization.
My approach to therapy is to help clients trust and utilize their strengths while teaching new skills and strategies to better cope with life's challenges. Healing and growth starts in a trusting, nonjudgmental atmosphere where you feel comfortable enough to explore all the components of yourself and your life. I view therapeutic work as a true partnership, and I aim to help clients move towards increased self-awareness, self-confidence, self-compassion, and self-actualization.
(959) 201-9360 View (959) 201-9360
Photo of Loren H Rubino, Professional Counselor Associate in Darien, CT
Loren H Rubino
Professional Counselor Associate, LPCA, ATRP, MAATC, ART
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
I specialize in working with adolescents and their parents on anything from depression, to anxiety, to eating disorders and OCD. I am also trained in Accelerated Resolution Therapy, which is used for healing trauma. ART uses bilateral eye movements to foster healing and reconsolidation of memory and emotion.
I specialize in working with adolescents and their parents on anything from depression, to anxiety, to eating disorders and OCD. I am also trained in Accelerated Resolution Therapy, which is used for healing trauma. ART uses bilateral eye movements to foster healing and reconsolidation of memory and emotion.
(203) 625-1465 View (203) 625-1465
Photo of Elizabeth Rauseo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Darien, CT
Elizabeth Rauseo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820  (Online Only)
I help adults and adolescents who are going through a difficult time managing stress and finding balance in their lives. I use a collaborative, supportive and strength-based approach to help individuals learn practical skills to better manage the stress in their lives.
I help adults and adolescents who are going through a difficult time managing stress and finding balance in their lives. I use a collaborative, supportive and strength-based approach to help individuals learn practical skills to better manage the stress in their lives.
(203) 883-0464 View (203) 883-0464
Photo of Jennifer K Baumgold, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Darien, CT
Jennifer K Baumgold
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Darien, CT 06820
As a clinician with over 12 years post-graduate experience, I have found the greatest indicator of therapeutic success to be the relationship between the therapist and client. My goal is to create a safe and supportive environment where we can collaborate together on a treatment plan. While I have extensive experience treating Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Anxiety, Depression, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Anger Management, I also have a specifc interest in working with people to adjust to transitions in their lives such as coping with infertility, grief, aging, divorce, chronic illness and parenting concerns.
As a clinician with over 12 years post-graduate experience, I have found the greatest indicator of therapeutic success to be the relationship between the therapist and client. My goal is to create a safe and supportive environment where we can collaborate together on a treatment plan. While I have extensive experience treating Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Anxiety, Depression, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Anger Management, I also have a specifc interest in working with people to adjust to transitions in their lives such as coping with infertility, grief, aging, divorce, chronic illness and parenting concerns.
(646) 681-1355 View (646) 681-1355
Photo of Hannah Chesser, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Darien, CT
Hannah Chesser
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820
The foundation of our programming is our team of compassionate and highly experienced behavioral healthcare professionals. The Newport staff is comprised of the best mental health leaders in the country, surrounding each client with 360-degree care. Because Newport’s philosophy of care views family as central to long-term, sustainable healing, the groundbreaking Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT) methodology is also a central component of our approach. ABFT is proven to be successful in addressing adolescent and young adult suicidality by repairing ruptures in the parent-child relationship.
The foundation of our programming is our team of compassionate and highly experienced behavioral healthcare professionals. The Newport staff is comprised of the best mental health leaders in the country, surrounding each client with 360-degree care. Because Newport’s philosophy of care views family as central to long-term, sustainable healing, the groundbreaking Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT) methodology is also a central component of our approach. ABFT is proven to be successful in addressing adolescent and young adult suicidality by repairing ruptures in the parent-child relationship.
(203) 580-6754 View (203) 580-6754
Photo of Jennifer Stevens, Licensed Professional Counselor in Darien, CT
Jennifer Stevens
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS
Verified Verified
Darien, CT 06820  (Online Only)
My style is interactive, individualized and solution-focused. I provide a non-judgmental and compassionate atmosphere in which individuals can safely explore and work through feelings, thoughts, and beliefs that may be keeping them from fulfilling their inner potential.
My style is interactive, individualized and solution-focused. I provide a non-judgmental and compassionate atmosphere in which individuals can safely explore and work through feelings, thoughts, and beliefs that may be keeping them from fulfilling their inner potential.
(203) 883-0464 View (203) 883-0464

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Darien, CT

200+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in Darien, CT who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
68% Coping Skills
65% Family Conflict
64% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
63% Aetna
61% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Darien, CT see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
19% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Darien?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.