Therapists in 05660

Photo of Glenn Soberman, Psychologist, PhD
Glenn Soberman
Psychologist, PhD
Moretown, VT 05660
You have struggled for so long to overcome your suffering and have tried various coping strategies – overeating, perhaps overdrinking, overworking, and numbing out. Maybe, you even tried individual therapy. Has any of this helped? Hopefully, your effort has sometimes taken the edge off your suffering, but you still feel ashamed and guilty while thinking, “What’s wrong with me?” Why can’t I stop feeling, thinking, and acting this way? You deserve credit for not giving up and keeping a glimmer of hope alive that change is possible despite not finding a solution to your pain and suffering. But something has to change.
You have struggled for so long to overcome your suffering and have tried various coping strategies – overeating, perhaps overdrinking, overworking, and numbing out. Maybe, you even tried individual therapy. Has any of this helped? Hopefully, your effort has sometimes taken the edge off your suffering, but you still feel ashamed and guilty while thinking, “What’s wrong with me?” Why can’t I stop feeling, thinking, and acting this way? You deserve credit for not giving up and keeping a glimmer of hope alive that change is possible despite not finding a solution to your pain and suffering. But something has to change.
(802) 300-3173 View (802) 300-3173
Photo of Evelyn A. Zoecklein, Counselor, MA, LCMHC, LADC
Evelyn A. Zoecklein
Counselor, MA, LCMHC, LADC
Online Only
I have been a substance abuse and mental health clinician for 19 years. I have worked in residential, intensive outpatient, outpatient, medically assisted therapy, and school settings providing prevention, intervention, assessment, treatment, and referral services. I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults in group and individual sessions providing both education and therapy. I am qualified to provide license reinstatement counseling for the State of Vermont.
I have been a substance abuse and mental health clinician for 19 years. I have worked in residential, intensive outpatient, outpatient, medically assisted therapy, and school settings providing prevention, intervention, assessment, treatment, and referral services. I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults in group and individual sessions providing both education and therapy. I am qualified to provide license reinstatement counseling for the State of Vermont.
(802) 328-5121 View (802) 328-5121
Photo of Mary Bechtel - Stoneybrook Behavior Health, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Stoneybrook Behavior Health, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Online Only
We believe therapy can empower individuals to make meaningful changes and lead fulfilling lives. Stoneybrook Behavioral Health, PLLC prioritizes collaborative treatment planning, evidence-based therapies, and a warm, supportive environment to facilitate change at a pace that feels right for you. We offer decades of experience providing clinical services to clients of all ages to ensure successful navigation of the challenges unique to each chapter of life.
We believe therapy can empower individuals to make meaningful changes and lead fulfilling lives. Stoneybrook Behavioral Health, PLLC prioritizes collaborative treatment planning, evidence-based therapies, and a warm, supportive environment to facilitate change at a pace that feels right for you. We offer decades of experience providing clinical services to clients of all ages to ensure successful navigation of the challenges unique to each chapter of life.
(802) 441-6343 View (802) 441-6343

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Emily Pichler, Psychologist, PhD
Emily Pichler
Psychologist, PhD
2 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
I am committed to helping those who seek greater understanding, connection, and stability in relationships with self and others. Specialty areas include depression, anxiety, attachment, young adult development, leadership, and BPD spectrum. I love applying advances in research to how I think about my patients' care. My work is informed by relational psychodynamic and cognitive/behavioral approaches (including ACT, DBT, CBT), and by my background in yoga, somatics, and mindfulness. Above all, I think my job is to listen really well, while bringing curiosity, challenge, and kindness toward your unique human experience.
I am committed to helping those who seek greater understanding, connection, and stability in relationships with self and others. Specialty areas include depression, anxiety, attachment, young adult development, leadership, and BPD spectrum. I love applying advances in research to how I think about my patients' care. My work is informed by relational psychodynamic and cognitive/behavioral approaches (including ACT, DBT, CBT), and by my background in yoga, somatics, and mindfulness. Above all, I think my job is to listen really well, while bringing curiosity, challenge, and kindness toward your unique human experience.
(802) 448-2243 View (802) 448-2243
Photo of Sara Jacobsen, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Sara Jacobsen
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
4 Endorsed
Morrisville, VT 05661
Feeling stuck? Struggling to set a boundary? Goals, successes, and happiness are often guided and, occasionally hindered, by the situations we find ourselves in. Traumatic events, interpersonal struggles, and difficult environments can make it challenging to walk our own path and to reach our potential. In these times of hardship it is important to find direction and to develop safety and a strong sense of self. It is with this strength we can make plans for positive changes in the future.
Feeling stuck? Struggling to set a boundary? Goals, successes, and happiness are often guided and, occasionally hindered, by the situations we find ourselves in. Traumatic events, interpersonal struggles, and difficult environments can make it challenging to walk our own path and to reach our potential. In these times of hardship it is important to find direction and to develop safety and a strong sense of self. It is with this strength we can make plans for positive changes in the future.
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Photo of Hollie Hurewitz - Hollie Hurewitz, MACP, Psychologist, MA
Hollie Hurewitz, MACP
Psychologist, MA
Burlington, VT 05401
I have enjoyed helping people with stress, anxiety, depression, abuse (emotional, physical, sexual), addiction/alcoholism in the family, couples, self-esteem, dissociation, and attachment issues. I offer EVIDENCE BASED PSYCHOTHERAPY to individuals, couples and groups as a licensed psychologist since 1991. Expertise: INTERNAL FAMILY SYSTEMS THERAPY (IFS), PHASE ORIENTED TRAUMA TREATMENT, EMDR, 12 STEP work. My Aussie, Smudge works with me. She can be a source of comfort and kindness. I would be happy to speak with you. Outside of work, I am a mom and wife; artist and gardener; meditator, and do my own psychotherapy.
I have enjoyed helping people with stress, anxiety, depression, abuse (emotional, physical, sexual), addiction/alcoholism in the family, couples, self-esteem, dissociation, and attachment issues. I offer EVIDENCE BASED PSYCHOTHERAPY to individuals, couples and groups as a licensed psychologist since 1991. Expertise: INTERNAL FAMILY SYSTEMS THERAPY (IFS), PHASE ORIENTED TRAUMA TREATMENT, EMDR, 12 STEP work. My Aussie, Smudge works with me. She can be a source of comfort and kindness. I would be happy to speak with you. Outside of work, I am a mom and wife; artist and gardener; meditator, and do my own psychotherapy.
(802) 992-8268 View (802) 992-8268
Photo of Per O Eisenman - Per Eisenman, MS, PLC, Counselor, LCMHC, MS, CLMA
Per Eisenman, MS, PLC
Counselor, LCMHC, MS, CLMA
3 Endorsed
Hinesburg, VT 05461
I am seeing see couples and families. - - We each make sense of the world in our own unique way in the context of the people around us. Through conversations with ourselves and with important people in our lives, we create stories and develop our sense of self. We also carry internal voices from past experiences. When difficulties arise, we can address them through reflective conversations with others. Through dialogue, listening deeply to one another, and ensuring all voices are heard, new ideas can emerge. We can find new ways forward that weren’t previously possible.
I am seeing see couples and families. - - We each make sense of the world in our own unique way in the context of the people around us. Through conversations with ourselves and with important people in our lives, we create stories and develop our sense of self. We also carry internal voices from past experiences. When difficulties arise, we can address them through reflective conversations with others. Through dialogue, listening deeply to one another, and ensuring all voices are heard, new ideas can emerge. We can find new ways forward that weren’t previously possible.
(802) 300-3594 View (802) 300-3594
Photo of Sarah Hampton, Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Sarah Hampton
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Serves Area
Do you wish you had a better understanding of yourself or your child? Are you trying to break generational cycles but not sure how to do it? Do you wish you felt better, but you’re not sure where to start? We all want to feel understood, to know that we belong, and to have a meaningful purpose in life. There can be immense pressure to have it all figured out and fit in. There are so many opinions of what we “should” do and who we “should” be, but what if that isn’t working? The answer is simple — figuring out what works for you, your family, or your child — sometimes getting there isn’t so easy, and we need help.
Do you wish you had a better understanding of yourself or your child? Are you trying to break generational cycles but not sure how to do it? Do you wish you felt better, but you’re not sure where to start? We all want to feel understood, to know that we belong, and to have a meaningful purpose in life. There can be immense pressure to have it all figured out and fit in. There are so many opinions of what we “should” do and who we “should” be, but what if that isn’t working? The answer is simple — figuring out what works for you, your family, or your child — sometimes getting there isn’t so easy, and we need help.
(802) 494-4202 View (802) 494-4202
Photo of Hilary G Pearce, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Hilary G Pearce
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hilary is an experienced clinician specializing in helping individuals and couples navigate complex emotional and life challenges. With a focus on creating a compassionate and supportive environment, Hilary empowers her clients to learn, heal, and grow. She is dedicated to helping you develop the confidence and skills needed to manage life's challenges with resilience.
Hilary is an experienced clinician specializing in helping individuals and couples navigate complex emotional and life challenges. With a focus on creating a compassionate and supportive environment, Hilary empowers her clients to learn, heal, and grow. She is dedicated to helping you develop the confidence and skills needed to manage life's challenges with resilience.
(802) 780-2673 View (802) 780-2673
Photo of Michael A. Castelli, Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Michael A. Castelli
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Burlington, VT 05401
I offer a welcoming, compassionate, and non-judgmental space to share your story. Sometimes, problems we face — whether they come with a diagnosis or not — may be overwhelming, debilitating, paralyzing, unhealthy, or destructive to ourselves or our relationships. I work collaboratively to help people deconstruct and free themselves from the grip of problems that may be overwhelming and oppressive and move toward preferred ways of living and thriving.
I offer a welcoming, compassionate, and non-judgmental space to share your story. Sometimes, problems we face — whether they come with a diagnosis or not — may be overwhelming, debilitating, paralyzing, unhealthy, or destructive to ourselves or our relationships. I work collaboratively to help people deconstruct and free themselves from the grip of problems that may be overwhelming and oppressive and move toward preferred ways of living and thriving.
(802) 200-2736 View (802) 200-2736
Photo of Andreia Souza Lucena, Licensed Psychoanalyst
Andreia Souza Lucena
Licensed Psychoanalyst
1 Endorsed
Shelburne, VT 05482
“Psychoanalysis, at its core, heals through love. Often, you may feel pain and anguish without knowing where it truly began. In a safe, non-judgmental space, in the hands of a qualified professional, you will walk an unknown path—exploring hidden places, uncovering your story, and gaining the chance to rewrite your future.”
“Psychoanalysis, at its core, heals through love. Often, you may feel pain and anguish without knowing where it truly began. In a safe, non-judgmental space, in the hands of a qualified professional, you will walk an unknown path—exploring hidden places, uncovering your story, and gaining the chance to rewrite your future.”
(508) 719-6515 View (508) 719-6515
Photo of Andy Freedman, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MT-BC
Andy Freedman
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MT-BC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
People come to therapy for so many different reasons, and no two journeys are the same. Yet if you have arrived on this page, you are at least curious. "What can therapy do for me? Is change even possible?" What if we took that curiosity and kept going with it? What might you find along the way? What strengths were there all along? Therapy doesn't always need to feel like surgery. Often the tools you need are already within reach...they can just be hard to see. Let's turn on a few lights and see what is there.
People come to therapy for so many different reasons, and no two journeys are the same. Yet if you have arrived on this page, you are at least curious. "What can therapy do for me? Is change even possible?" What if we took that curiosity and kept going with it? What might you find along the way? What strengths were there all along? Therapy doesn't always need to feel like surgery. Often the tools you need are already within reach...they can just be hard to see. Let's turn on a few lights and see what is there.
(484) 673-6454 View (484) 673-6454
Photo of Phoenix Song, Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, CHT
Phoenix Song
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, CHT
6 Endorsed
Serves Area
As an LGBTQIA empath, intuitive, or artist, you experience this world in a deeper, more complex, intuitive way - including painful experiences of trauma. With so much pain in the world, it's hard to care for your own feelings and needs, let alone heal from your experiences of trauma. I specialize in supporting LGBTQIA empaths, artists, and magic makers to heal from the trauma of oppression, abuse, and sexual violence and reclaim their power. To embrace their own sacred needs and gifts. And to connect with the power of QT ancestors and community, ecospirituality, creativity, joy, and nourished activism.
As an LGBTQIA empath, intuitive, or artist, you experience this world in a deeper, more complex, intuitive way - including painful experiences of trauma. With so much pain in the world, it's hard to care for your own feelings and needs, let alone heal from your experiences of trauma. I specialize in supporting LGBTQIA empaths, artists, and magic makers to heal from the trauma of oppression, abuse, and sexual violence and reclaim their power. To embrace their own sacred needs and gifts. And to connect with the power of QT ancestors and community, ecospirituality, creativity, joy, and nourished activism.
(415) 548-2797 View (415) 548-2797
Photo of Amelia Rose Hart, Registered Psychotherapist, MA, AAP
Amelia Rose Hart
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, AAP
1 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
At the heart of my work is a steadfast belief in the healing power of creating safe spaces. Feeling seen, heard, validated, and supported is crucial in reducing feelings of shame and facilitating self-compassion and acceptance. As Brene Brown says “shame dies when stories are told in safe places.” Within these safe relationships we can experience both the desirable and undesirable parts of ourselves and this integration is conducive to the healing process. I work with individuals and couples who might be struggling with communication barriers, relationship/life dissatisfaction, harmful behavior patterns, and/or conflict.
At the heart of my work is a steadfast belief in the healing power of creating safe spaces. Feeling seen, heard, validated, and supported is crucial in reducing feelings of shame and facilitating self-compassion and acceptance. As Brene Brown says “shame dies when stories are told in safe places.” Within these safe relationships we can experience both the desirable and undesirable parts of ourselves and this integration is conducive to the healing process. I work with individuals and couples who might be struggling with communication barriers, relationship/life dissatisfaction, harmful behavior patterns, and/or conflict.
(802) 347-9450 View (802) 347-9450
Photo of Ron Zambetti - Counseling Arts - Psychotherapy & Somatic Process, Unlicensed Psychotherapist, MFA, MA
Counseling Arts - Psychotherapy & Somatic Process
Unlicensed Psychotherapist, MFA, MA
Montpelier, VT 05602
It is felt that within the therapeutic process both therapist and client ideally enter into an alliance to awaken their innate authenticity. My approach echoes the idea that when we engage our authentic or “deeper self” our highest potential may be awakened toward the creation of emotional balance. I believe this is integral to deeper and lasting recovery.
It is felt that within the therapeutic process both therapist and client ideally enter into an alliance to awaken their innate authenticity. My approach echoes the idea that when we engage our authentic or “deeper self” our highest potential may be awakened toward the creation of emotional balance. I believe this is integral to deeper and lasting recovery.
(802) 392-0130 View (802) 392-0130
Photo of Jordon Anderson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CST
Jordon Anderson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CST
4 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
I am a clinical social worker who specializes in relational therapy. I work with individuals, relationships, and families on a variety of topics and challenges. I have been working clinically since 2016 and am a certified sex therapist. My unique approach and training in sex therapy, family systems, couples therapy, and trauma work allow me to help folks move forward in their life. In therapy you will explore why you feel stuck in cycles and what it means to heal and grow. In working with me, we will laugh, cry, talk honestly and openly about what's going on as well as engage in education about mental health and relationships.
I am a clinical social worker who specializes in relational therapy. I work with individuals, relationships, and families on a variety of topics and challenges. I have been working clinically since 2016 and am a certified sex therapist. My unique approach and training in sex therapy, family systems, couples therapy, and trauma work allow me to help folks move forward in their life. In therapy you will explore why you feel stuck in cycles and what it means to heal and grow. In working with me, we will laugh, cry, talk honestly and openly about what's going on as well as engage in education about mental health and relationships.
(617) 398-4044 View (617) 398-4044
Photo of Karl Speirs - Karl Speirs - EMDR Vermont: EMDR Intensives, Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MA, LMFT
Karl Speirs - EMDR Vermont: EMDR Intensives
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MA, LMFT
Essex Junction, VT 05452
Please Note: I am currently open for EMDR Intensive therapy. I do not currently have openings for weekly clients. I am an EMDR certified therapist, consultant and trainer licensed in Connecticut and Vermont. I work efficiently and effectively using a warm and supportive, yet semi-structured and intentional approach. I do both short-term (EMDR Intensive Programs) and more comprehensive (long-term) therapy. I use systems theory (how we interact with the world and ourselves), EMDR therapy (helping brains naturally rewire in a more adaptive way), IFS and various other approaches.
Please Note: I am currently open for EMDR Intensive therapy. I do not currently have openings for weekly clients. I am an EMDR certified therapist, consultant and trainer licensed in Connecticut and Vermont. I work efficiently and effectively using a warm and supportive, yet semi-structured and intentional approach. I do both short-term (EMDR Intensive Programs) and more comprehensive (long-term) therapy. I use systems theory (how we interact with the world and ourselves), EMDR therapy (helping brains naturally rewire in a more adaptive way), IFS and various other approaches.
(802) 242-8827 View (802) 242-8827
Photo of Rhiannon Hunt-Bull, Registered Psychotherapist, BA
Rhiannon Hunt-Bull
Registered Psychotherapist, BA
Colchester, VT 05446
My therapeutic work focuses on healing from trauma, informed by a person-centered, relational-cultural, and somatic lens. My aim as your counselor is to walk alongside you in your personal journey to healing, informed by your values system and experiences across the lifespan that shape who you are. I believe we are deeply impacted by our cultural background, childhood experiences, and relationships. I am passionate about engaging the mind and body connection to find freedom and shape a positive sense of identity.
My therapeutic work focuses on healing from trauma, informed by a person-centered, relational-cultural, and somatic lens. My aim as your counselor is to walk alongside you in your personal journey to healing, informed by your values system and experiences across the lifespan that shape who you are. I believe we are deeply impacted by our cultural background, childhood experiences, and relationships. I am passionate about engaging the mind and body connection to find freedom and shape a positive sense of identity.
(802) 866-6062 View (802) 866-6062
Photo of Lydia S Russell, Counselor, MA, LCMHC, HHC, CYT
Lydia S Russell
Counselor, MA, LCMHC, HHC, CYT
12 Endorsed
Montpelier, VT 05602
As a somatic, mindfulness, and nature-based mental health counselor, I work with individual adults in identifying and affirming gifts and strengths; finding and maintaining calm, connection, and contentment; and creating new patterns that encourage health, growth, and resilience through life’s changes. A session with me might include movement exploration (informed by dance/movement therapy, ecosomatics, and yoga), awareness and compassion building exercises (mindfulness and meditation), and therapeutic conversation.
As a somatic, mindfulness, and nature-based mental health counselor, I work with individual adults in identifying and affirming gifts and strengths; finding and maintaining calm, connection, and contentment; and creating new patterns that encourage health, growth, and resilience through life’s changes. A session with me might include movement exploration (informed by dance/movement therapy, ecosomatics, and yoga), awareness and compassion building exercises (mindfulness and meditation), and therapeutic conversation.
(802) 613-0888 View (802) 613-0888
Photo of Heloise Thorne Williams, Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Heloise Thorne Williams
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
3 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
Life can often feel difficult, confusing or overwhelming. Seeking help and finding the right counseling relationship can be challenging as well. My goal is to help you connect to your own inner guidance system. As an existentialist and a feminist counselor, it is my belief that people need to find a sense of purpose and meaning within themselves because the world outside doesn't always make sense. The stories we have told ourselves or been told about ourselves can have a significant impact on how we feel. The result can be depression, anxiety, anger, hopelessness, or confusion.
Life can often feel difficult, confusing or overwhelming. Seeking help and finding the right counseling relationship can be challenging as well. My goal is to help you connect to your own inner guidance system. As an existentialist and a feminist counselor, it is my belief that people need to find a sense of purpose and meaning within themselves because the world outside doesn't always make sense. The stories we have told ourselves or been told about ourselves can have a significant impact on how we feel. The result can be depression, anxiety, anger, hopelessness, or confusion.
(802) 613-0982 View (802) 613-0982

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 05660

< 10

Therapists in 05660 who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Life Coaching
100% Trauma and PTSD
100% Self Esteem
67% Grief

Average years in practice

27 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Medicaid
100% MVP Health Care

How Therapists in 05660 see their clients

67% Online Only
33% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

67% Female
33% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 05660?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.