Therapists in Burlington, VT

Photo of David Huesman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
David Huesman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LADC
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Not accepting new clients
Life is difficult at times and the way we relate to our lives can either promote growth or cause suffering. Psychotherapy can help you discover ways to mindfully cultivate practices which promote health and growth, while reducing habitual patterns that cause continued suffering. Together we will address personal, relational, mental health or substance abuse problems that you find important. As your therapist I will provide support, diagnostic information, feedback, referrals as needed, and a safe space for your confidential disclosure.
Life is difficult at times and the way we relate to our lives can either promote growth or cause suffering. Psychotherapy can help you discover ways to mindfully cultivate practices which promote health and growth, while reducing habitual patterns that cause continued suffering. Together we will address personal, relational, mental health or substance abuse problems that you find important. As your therapist I will provide support, diagnostic information, feedback, referrals as needed, and a safe space for your confidential disclosure.
(802) 276-4280 View (802) 276-4280
Photo of Ashley Goguen, Pre-Licensed Professional in Burlington, VT
Ashley Goguen
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
Not accepting new clients
Without our consent, and oftentimes without our knowledge, we are bombarded with negative messages that become woven into our personal story. When the stories that get repeated by us and about us don't align with how we want to be seen, chronic feelings of shame, anxiety, and hopelessness can surface. My approach to counseling is grounded in narrative and psychodynamic therapies. Building awareness is undoubtedly painful, but there is just as much to discover about your unique strengths and values as we will uncover about the unhelpful patterns that may be holding you back from a more authentic and fulfilling life.
Without our consent, and oftentimes without our knowledge, we are bombarded with negative messages that become woven into our personal story. When the stories that get repeated by us and about us don't align with how we want to be seen, chronic feelings of shame, anxiety, and hopelessness can surface. My approach to counseling is grounded in narrative and psychodynamic therapies. Building awareness is undoubtedly painful, but there is just as much to discover about your unique strengths and values as we will uncover about the unhelpful patterns that may be holding you back from a more authentic and fulfilling life.
(802) 200-2876 View (802) 200-2876
Photo of Jeremy Gartner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Jeremy Gartner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Not accepting new clients
I believe that a genuine therapeutic relationship can serve as a foundation for immense personal growth and change. I offer a therapeutic practice that is based on sincerity, compassion, and 10+ years of diverse clinical experience. I enjoy working with a broad spectrum of mental health challenges, and incorporate various theoretical models into my practice.
I believe that a genuine therapeutic relationship can serve as a foundation for immense personal growth and change. I offer a therapeutic practice that is based on sincerity, compassion, and 10+ years of diverse clinical experience. I enjoy working with a broad spectrum of mental health challenges, and incorporate various theoretical models into my practice.
(802) 276-4015 View (802) 276-4015
Photo of Joseph D Cusumano, PhD, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Burlington, VT
Joseph D Cusumano, PhD
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, PhD, LCHMC, LPC, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
The ideal clients I am reaching out to are interested in participating in teletherapy, either individually or as couples. Due to a number of breaking developments, I have decided to convert my long-running practice to online therapy. I have professional counseling licenses in Vermont, MIssouri, and Illinois. I work from Missouri. Furthermore, I am seeking clients who prefer to work outside of the insurance system. I am rebooting my practice to offer high-qualify and affordable therapy. If you are interested, all you would need is Skype or Zoom (both are free downloads). I am offering 45 minute sessions for $90.
The ideal clients I am reaching out to are interested in participating in teletherapy, either individually or as couples. Due to a number of breaking developments, I have decided to convert my long-running practice to online therapy. I have professional counseling licenses in Vermont, MIssouri, and Illinois. I work from Missouri. Furthermore, I am seeking clients who prefer to work outside of the insurance system. I am rebooting my practice to offer high-qualify and affordable therapy. If you are interested, all you would need is Skype or Zoom (both are free downloads). I am offering 45 minute sessions for $90.
(802) 625-6060 View (802) 625-6060
Photo of C. Emma Burrous, Psychologist in Burlington, VT
C. Emma Burrous
Psychologist, PhD, FIPA
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
I offer consultations, psychotherapy, and intensive psychoanalysis. An initial consultation will allow an investigation into the possibility of working together.
I offer consultations, psychotherapy, and intensive psychoanalysis. An initial consultation will allow an investigation into the possibility of working together.
(802) 657-4042 View (802) 657-4042
Photo of Moira Sheridan, Pre-Licensed Professional in Burlington, VT
Moira Sheridan
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Not accepting new clients
My approach to counseling is focused on the collaborative relationship between client and counselor, where acceptance and understanding of who you are as an individual begins. Your concerns along with your interest in being better fulfilled as a person are of the utmost importance to me. I believe wellness and personal development are processes that are ongoing and changeable over time. No matter your familial background, past experiences, or current struggles – You Are Not Stuck and have an opportunity to grow throughout your lifetime and make meaningful strides as a person, in relationships, and belonging in community.
My approach to counseling is focused on the collaborative relationship between client and counselor, where acceptance and understanding of who you are as an individual begins. Your concerns along with your interest in being better fulfilled as a person are of the utmost importance to me. I believe wellness and personal development are processes that are ongoing and changeable over time. No matter your familial background, past experiences, or current struggles – You Are Not Stuck and have an opportunity to grow throughout your lifetime and make meaningful strides as a person, in relationships, and belonging in community.
(802) 210-3649 View (802) 210-3649
Photo of Gordon W Petersen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Gordon W Petersen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, CEAP
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
For the time being I am working virtually using a telemedicine portal. So far it as been working out well!! Focusing on self and on family history can provide insights to meaningful change. Knowledge of who you are enables you to redirect anxiety and think differently about others in your family and larger social system. Challenges can become opportunities.
For the time being I am working virtually using a telemedicine portal. So far it as been working out well!! Focusing on self and on family history can provide insights to meaningful change. Knowledge of who you are enables you to redirect anxiety and think differently about others in your family and larger social system. Challenges can become opportunities.
(833) 268-8290 x2 View (833) 268-8290 x2
Photo of Rachel Coster, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Rachel Coster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LADC
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
I believe connection is at the root of healing. Attunement is an essential component of connection and represents the ability to accurately perceive and respond to the needs of self and others. Factors such as: trauma, distorted thinking, reliance on technology, cultural ideals, family of origin values and beliefs, and community messages interrupt our natural ability to attune and we often feel disconnected from others as a result. As a therapist, I work with individuals who are interested in nurturing attunement to improve their relationship to self, body, and food.
I believe connection is at the root of healing. Attunement is an essential component of connection and represents the ability to accurately perceive and respond to the needs of self and others. Factors such as: trauma, distorted thinking, reliance on technology, cultural ideals, family of origin values and beliefs, and community messages interrupt our natural ability to attune and we often feel disconnected from others as a result. As a therapist, I work with individuals who are interested in nurturing attunement to improve their relationship to self, body, and food.
(802) 328-9909 View (802) 328-9909
Photo of Casey Alexis Vickers, Pre-Licensed Professional in Burlington, VT
Casey Alexis Vickers
Pre-Licensed Professional, NCC
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with young adults-adults on problems such as anxiety disorders, interpersonal issues, adjustment disorders, and the everyday stresses of life. I am goal oriented and work with the client to collaboratively define a treatment plan, such as developing coping skills, healthy communication, exploring traumas, and decreasing the presence of negative thoughts and behaviors. My intent is to create goals that will improve the clients life and help them be the most healed version of themself.
I enjoy working with young adults-adults on problems such as anxiety disorders, interpersonal issues, adjustment disorders, and the everyday stresses of life. I am goal oriented and work with the client to collaboratively define a treatment plan, such as developing coping skills, healthy communication, exploring traumas, and decreasing the presence of negative thoughts and behaviors. My intent is to create goals that will improve the clients life and help them be the most healed version of themself.
(802) 494-1175 View (802) 494-1175
Photo of Ally Barnett, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Ally Barnett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CST
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Passionate Partners Couple's Retreat - see my website for details! You're in the right place if: You want to unpack and overcome trauma or a disturbing experience. You would like to improve your communication in relationships. You need help managing anxiety and depression. You want to understand and work through issues or goals around sex, desire, and intimacy. You want mindfulness skills that can help you hold sensations attached to strong emotions. You would like to work on your body positivity, self-worth, or self-confidence. You are ready to do the work it takes to accomplish your goals.
Passionate Partners Couple's Retreat - see my website for details! You're in the right place if: You want to unpack and overcome trauma or a disturbing experience. You would like to improve your communication in relationships. You need help managing anxiety and depression. You want to understand and work through issues or goals around sex, desire, and intimacy. You want mindfulness skills that can help you hold sensations attached to strong emotions. You would like to work on your body positivity, self-worth, or self-confidence. You are ready to do the work it takes to accomplish your goals.
(802) 200-2489 View (802) 200-2489
Photo of Laurie Odden Brown, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Laurie Odden Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
I love working with adolescents, young adults and adults who feel stuck and are seeking to address the blocks getting in their way in order to improve overall functioning across domains. I offer compassion, empathy, authenticity and humor in service of creating a psychologically safe place that can be utilized for self-exploration, reflection, and skill building. My background is rooted in clinical social work practice and trauma-informed care. My clinical approach centers on the Attachment, Regulation, and Competency (ARC) Framework. I utilize a variety of modalities including EMDR, ACT, TF-CBT, DBT and performance enhancement.
I love working with adolescents, young adults and adults who feel stuck and are seeking to address the blocks getting in their way in order to improve overall functioning across domains. I offer compassion, empathy, authenticity and humor in service of creating a psychologically safe place that can be utilized for self-exploration, reflection, and skill building. My background is rooted in clinical social work practice and trauma-informed care. My clinical approach centers on the Attachment, Regulation, and Competency (ARC) Framework. I utilize a variety of modalities including EMDR, ACT, TF-CBT, DBT and performance enhancement.
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Photo of Valerie Niklas, Pre-Licensed Professional in Burlington, VT
Valerie Niklas
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
My practice is founded on the belief in the fundamental human need for safety and connection. I aim to provide a collaborative and compassionate therapeutic space in which clients can explore reconnecting body and mind to develop an internal sense of safety and connection, to live more authentically and aligned. Through mindfulness and somatic-based practices, I support clients in expanding body awareness and the capacity for self-regulation.
My practice is founded on the belief in the fundamental human need for safety and connection. I aim to provide a collaborative and compassionate therapeutic space in which clients can explore reconnecting body and mind to develop an internal sense of safety and connection, to live more authentically and aligned. Through mindfulness and somatic-based practices, I support clients in expanding body awareness and the capacity for self-regulation.
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Photo of Elizabeth (Lizzi) June Buel in Burlington, VT
Elizabeth (Lizzi) June Buel
MS
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Waitlist for new clients
I work with clients who are dealing with a range of difficulties. Through the use of different therapeutic techniques, we can dive deep into past traumas & begin your long waiting healing journey, or work through a current life struggle. Or, I find that some clients simply need an unbiased source to talk through their day-to-day functioning with. If you have a goal that you want to achieve, big or small, we can work to figure out what works best for you. I don't stick to one specific type of therapy in my practice, I believe it is more beneficial to the client if I stay flexible & we find what works best for them & their situation.
I work with clients who are dealing with a range of difficulties. Through the use of different therapeutic techniques, we can dive deep into past traumas & begin your long waiting healing journey, or work through a current life struggle. Or, I find that some clients simply need an unbiased source to talk through their day-to-day functioning with. If you have a goal that you want to achieve, big or small, we can work to figure out what works best for you. I don't stick to one specific type of therapy in my practice, I believe it is more beneficial to the client if I stay flexible & we find what works best for them & their situation.
(802) 255-8293 View (802) 255-8293
Photo of Kelly Miller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Kelly Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401
Waitlist for new clients
I work with women and LBGTQIA+, vanilla, kinky, asexual, and polyamorous individuals and couples looking to navigate anxiety and gain more confidence. Are you tired of the constant stream of chatter in your head? Are you looking to feel confident about yourself and your relationships? Are you and your partner up against what feels like an impasse? You are tired of second guessing everything you do and/or the relationship you are in. You may feel like things will be like this forever, but they don’t have to be. You are ready to turn down the noise in your head and step into confidence.
I work with women and LBGTQIA+, vanilla, kinky, asexual, and polyamorous individuals and couples looking to navigate anxiety and gain more confidence. Are you tired of the constant stream of chatter in your head? Are you looking to feel confident about yourself and your relationships? Are you and your partner up against what feels like an impasse? You are tired of second guessing everything you do and/or the relationship you are in. You may feel like things will be like this forever, but they don’t have to be. You are ready to turn down the noise in your head and step into confidence.
(802) 210-1869 View (802) 210-1869
Photo of Christopher Hills in Burlington, VT
Christopher Hills
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
The path of healing varies pertaining to each individual. One thing that remains the same for all is that this pathway resides within you. There exists a magical world full of wonder beyond what most have allowed themselves to perceive. The key to unlocking that world resides within the healing itself. Great magnificence awaits any individual when they devote themselves upon the journey home to their own heart. I am here to assist you to move through old painful patterns and beliefs that no longer serve you. I am happy to be of assistance along your journey of healing so that you can restore your passion and live a life of joy.
The path of healing varies pertaining to each individual. One thing that remains the same for all is that this pathway resides within you. There exists a magical world full of wonder beyond what most have allowed themselves to perceive. The key to unlocking that world resides within the healing itself. Great magnificence awaits any individual when they devote themselves upon the journey home to their own heart. I am here to assist you to move through old painful patterns and beliefs that no longer serve you. I am happy to be of assistance along your journey of healing so that you can restore your passion and live a life of joy.
(802) 659-3659 View (802) 659-3659
Photo of Derek Zwyer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Derek Zwyer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Not accepting new clients
Derek works with clients on issues related to low self-esteem, relationship problems, social anxiety, depression, traumatic stress, and challenges adjusting to life's changes. Using cognitive-behavioral techniques, Derek aims to help people improve quality of life by building awareness and efficacy regarding patterns that influence thoughts, feelings, and actions. (Not accepting new clients at this time.)
Derek works with clients on issues related to low self-esteem, relationship problems, social anxiety, depression, traumatic stress, and challenges adjusting to life's changes. Using cognitive-behavioral techniques, Derek aims to help people improve quality of life by building awareness and efficacy regarding patterns that influence thoughts, feelings, and actions. (Not accepting new clients at this time.)
(802) 559-5359 View (802) 559-5359
Photo of Meg Rowley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Burlington, VT
Meg Rowley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Waitlist for new clients
My clients are creative, passionate, intelligent people who face challenges with emotional dysregulation, turning down the volume on intrusive thoughts, healing from traumatic experiences, and treating themselves and their bodies with the kindness and compassion they deserve.
My clients are creative, passionate, intelligent people who face challenges with emotional dysregulation, turning down the volume on intrusive thoughts, healing from traumatic experiences, and treating themselves and their bodies with the kindness and compassion they deserve.
(802) 810-8691 View (802) 810-8691
Photo of Maya Kunigis, Counselor in Burlington, VT
Maya Kunigis
Counselor, MEd, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
Not accepting new clients
I value working collaboratively with my clients in a patient, authentic, and empathic manner to help empower individuals to find ways to more effectively navigate and cope with the challenges and stressors in their lives. I have experience working with children, adolescents, families, adults, and couples from a wide variety of racial, cultural, and socio-economic backgrounds. I've worked in crisis intervention with individuals experiencing suicidal ideation, as well as with individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, eating disorders, low self-esteem, substance use issues, relationship issues, and LGBTQ concerns.
I value working collaboratively with my clients in a patient, authentic, and empathic manner to help empower individuals to find ways to more effectively navigate and cope with the challenges and stressors in their lives. I have experience working with children, adolescents, families, adults, and couples from a wide variety of racial, cultural, and socio-economic backgrounds. I've worked in crisis intervention with individuals experiencing suicidal ideation, as well as with individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, eating disorders, low self-esteem, substance use issues, relationship issues, and LGBTQ concerns.
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Photo of Dr. Jimmy G Bridges, Marriage & Family Therapist in Burlington, VT
Dr. Jimmy G Bridges
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, CFLE
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401  (Online Only)
Hello folks! I'm Jimmy. I'm a gender-queer polyamorous therapist. I work with couples, queer identified folks, and clients in alternative relationship structures. I am trauma-informed and neuro-diverse affirming. All services are telehealth. I only accept out-of-pocket payment. I do not take insurance, but I can provide superbills for clients wanting to use out-of-network benefits.
Hello folks! I'm Jimmy. I'm a gender-queer polyamorous therapist. I work with couples, queer identified folks, and clients in alternative relationship structures. I am trauma-informed and neuro-diverse affirming. All services are telehealth. I only accept out-of-pocket payment. I do not take insurance, but I can provide superbills for clients wanting to use out-of-network benefits.
(802) 327-8459 View (802) 327-8459
Photo of Hollie Hurewitz, MACP, Psychologist in Burlington, VT
Hollie Hurewitz, MACP
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
Burlington, VT 05401
I have enjoyed helping people with stress, anxiety, depression, abuse (emotional, physical, sexual), addiction/alcoholism in the family, couples, self-esteem, dissociation, and attachment issues. I offer EVIDENCE BASED PSYCHOTHERAPY to individuals, couples and groups as a licensed psychologist since 1991. Expertise: INTERNAL FAMILY SYSTEMS THERAPY (IFS), PHASE ORIENTED TRAUMA TREATMENT, EMDR, 12 STEP work. My Aussie, Smudge works with me. She can be a source of comfort and kindness. I would be happy to speak with you. Outside of work, I am a mom and wife; artist and gardener; meditator, and do my own psychotherapy.
I have enjoyed helping people with stress, anxiety, depression, abuse (emotional, physical, sexual), addiction/alcoholism in the family, couples, self-esteem, dissociation, and attachment issues. I offer EVIDENCE BASED PSYCHOTHERAPY to individuals, couples and groups as a licensed psychologist since 1991. Expertise: INTERNAL FAMILY SYSTEMS THERAPY (IFS), PHASE ORIENTED TRAUMA TREATMENT, EMDR, 12 STEP work. My Aussie, Smudge works with me. She can be a source of comfort and kindness. I would be happy to speak with you. Outside of work, I am a mom and wife; artist and gardener; meditator, and do my own psychotherapy.
(802) 992-8268 View (802) 992-8268

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Burlington, VT

700+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Burlington, VT who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
87% Depression
83% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
72% Stress
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% BlueCross and BlueShield
64% Medicaid
53% MVP Health Care

How Therapists in Burlington, VT see their clients

57% In Person and Online
43% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
22% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Burlington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.