Therapists in 02215

Photo of Zach Rotfus, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Zach Rotfus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Boston, MA 02215
Immediate openings! You might look “high-functioning” on the outside but inside you feel exhausted, anxious, or stuck in the same patterns. Therapy with me is a place to slow down, understand what's driving this, and feel some relief. Having difficulty navigating family or relationship issues? Dealing with work stress/burnout? Are you a clinician or healthcare worker managing vicarious trauma? Having difficulty as a parent to teens/young adults? Trying to understand a late life diagnosis of ADHD, autism, or other neurodivergence? Reach out for a free consult and let's talk.
Immediate openings! You might look “high-functioning” on the outside but inside you feel exhausted, anxious, or stuck in the same patterns. Therapy with me is a place to slow down, understand what's driving this, and feel some relief. Having difficulty navigating family or relationship issues? Dealing with work stress/burnout? Are you a clinician or healthcare worker managing vicarious trauma? Having difficulty as a parent to teens/young adults? Trying to understand a late life diagnosis of ADHD, autism, or other neurodivergence? Reach out for a free consult and let's talk.
(857) 227-9057 View (857) 227-9057
Photo of Charlette Parker-Edwards, Counselor, LMHC, MA, CMFT
Charlette Parker-Edwards
Counselor, LMHC, MA, CMFT
Boston, MA 02215
As a therapist and a Black woman, my unwavering commitment lies in supporting individuals from diverse backgrounds, including men, families, and members of the LGBTQIA+ community. I am acutely aware of the unique challenges that can arise when intersecting identities converge. Through my work, I strive to provide a safe and welcoming space for those I serve to heal, grow, and empower them to overcome any obstacles that may stand in their way. Our Intake Coordinator will contact you to complete the referral. Please include your date of birth (DOB) and insurance card number to expedite the process.
As a therapist and a Black woman, my unwavering commitment lies in supporting individuals from diverse backgrounds, including men, families, and members of the LGBTQIA+ community. I am acutely aware of the unique challenges that can arise when intersecting identities converge. Through my work, I strive to provide a safe and welcoming space for those I serve to heal, grow, and empower them to overcome any obstacles that may stand in their way. Our Intake Coordinator will contact you to complete the referral. Please include your date of birth (DOB) and insurance card number to expedite the process.
(857) 754-3784 View (857) 754-3784
Photo of Tricia Coffey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Tricia Coffey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
2 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02215
Balance in life can only be achieved when we start taking care of both our mental and physical health. I take an integrative approach to address clients' emotional and physical needs through Internal Family Systems and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Whether that is understanding your chronic pain, challenging your anxious thoughts, avoiding work burnout or taking steps towards better nutrition and physical routines, we will address all parts of you. I have worked in the therapy field for thirteen years and have experience treating a variety of conditions.
Balance in life can only be achieved when we start taking care of both our mental and physical health. I take an integrative approach to address clients' emotional and physical needs through Internal Family Systems and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Whether that is understanding your chronic pain, challenging your anxious thoughts, avoiding work burnout or taking steps towards better nutrition and physical routines, we will address all parts of you. I have worked in the therapy field for thirteen years and have experience treating a variety of conditions.
(857) 214-5422 View (857) 214-5422
Photo of Lisa Smith - Center for Anxiety & Related Disorders at Boston U, Psychologist, PhD
I currently direct and treat patients at CARD at Boston University. We provide individually tailored, evidence-based clinical services - primarily CBT. CBT is an active, skills based therapy meant to increase insight and improve coping strategies to enhance healthy emotion regulation. It focuses on understanding the connections between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in order to foster positive changes. We specialize in helping adults and children address a wide range of anxiety disorders and related challenges such as difficulties with mood, sleep, concentration, and pain.
I currently direct and treat patients at CARD at Boston University. We provide individually tailored, evidence-based clinical services - primarily CBT. CBT is an active, skills based therapy meant to increase insight and improve coping strategies to enhance healthy emotion regulation. It focuses on understanding the connections between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in order to foster positive changes. We specialize in helping adults and children address a wide range of anxiety disorders and related challenges such as difficulties with mood, sleep, concentration, and pain.
(857) 304-0500 View (857) 304-0500
Photo of Meridith Wirtz - Meridith Wirtz, LICSW, Leek Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Meridith Wirtz, LICSW, Leek Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02215
I am a partner in Leek Therapy. I strive to create an affirming collaborative therapeutic environment. Utilizing a strength based, client centered approach and drawing from a blend of evidence based therapeutic modalities such as CBT, DBT, motivational interviewing I work to support clients in identifying their strengths and challenges and addressing barriers to their well being. I work collaboratively with individuals and families with a particular interest in working with youth with neurodivergence and/or anxiety.
I am a partner in Leek Therapy. I strive to create an affirming collaborative therapeutic environment. Utilizing a strength based, client centered approach and drawing from a blend of evidence based therapeutic modalities such as CBT, DBT, motivational interviewing I work to support clients in identifying their strengths and challenges and addressing barriers to their well being. I work collaboratively with individuals and families with a particular interest in working with youth with neurodivergence and/or anxiety.
(857) 466-1472 View (857) 466-1472
Photo of Letitia Diane Tayeby, Counselor, LCMHC, NCC
Letitia Diane Tayeby
Counselor, LCMHC, NCC
Boston, MA 02215
I have spent the past several years specializing in OCD treatment. I work with adults and children and families to learn skills to manage their symptoms and return to a normal level of functionality. I have spent much of my adult life overseas and work with a broad understanding of cultural diversity. My ideal client has insight into the goals they wish to achieve and is willing to work between sessions to ensure their success. When working with children with Anxiety, Phobias or OCD, I include parents in the work whenever appropriate.
I have spent the past several years specializing in OCD treatment. I work with adults and children and families to learn skills to manage their symptoms and return to a normal level of functionality. I have spent much of my adult life overseas and work with a broad understanding of cultural diversity. My ideal client has insight into the goals they wish to achieve and is willing to work between sessions to ensure their success. When working with children with Anxiety, Phobias or OCD, I include parents in the work whenever appropriate.
(508) 500-8188 View (508) 500-8188
Photo of Jane Scherban, Counselor, LMHC
Jane Scherban
Counselor, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02215
I have been in practice in the Boston area for over 30 years. My approach is interactive, collaborative, and respectful. I am trained in Cognitive Behavioral and Psychodynamic approaches to therapy.I see clients for both short-term and long-term psychotherapy dependent on their needs/preference. In addition to individual therapy I also work with couples.
I have been in practice in the Boston area for over 30 years. My approach is interactive, collaborative, and respectful. I am trained in Cognitive Behavioral and Psychodynamic approaches to therapy.I see clients for both short-term and long-term psychotherapy dependent on their needs/preference. In addition to individual therapy I also work with couples.
(617) 505-1870 View (617) 505-1870
Photo of Gloria L Barbacoff, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, L8CSW
Gloria L Barbacoff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, L8CSW
Boston, MA 02215
I am a relational therapist and a psychoanalyst. I graduated from The General Training Program in Psychoanalysis at the Mass Institute for Psychoanalysis in 2019. After 30+ years of experience, I have found that each patient is unique and requires an individualized plan of treatment. My patients and I work together on creating a plan that addresses both the current problem(s), as well as the longer term goals. I strive to be flexible, open and creative in listening to and addressing patient's concerns. My style is warm and empathic and I incorporate humor into the work whenever possible.
I am a relational therapist and a psychoanalyst. I graduated from The General Training Program in Psychoanalysis at the Mass Institute for Psychoanalysis in 2019. After 30+ years of experience, I have found that each patient is unique and requires an individualized plan of treatment. My patients and I work together on creating a plan that addresses both the current problem(s), as well as the longer term goals. I strive to be flexible, open and creative in listening to and addressing patient's concerns. My style is warm and empathic and I incorporate humor into the work whenever possible.
(978) 522-6241 View (978) 522-6241
Photo of William J Heran, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LICSW
William J Heran
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LICSW
Boston, MA 02215
Are you, or someone you love struggling with addictions? If so, don't hesitate calling me for a consultation. The pain associated with addictions can be both overwhelming and hard to manage. You deserve a therapist with a top notch training and experience. Seeing Dr. Heran as a therapist, gives you a comprehensive assessment and best practice treatment support, while incorporating elements in the therapy that promotes a sustained recovery from alcohol and/or drug use.
Are you, or someone you love struggling with addictions? If so, don't hesitate calling me for a consultation. The pain associated with addictions can be both overwhelming and hard to manage. You deserve a therapist with a top notch training and experience. Seeing Dr. Heran as a therapist, gives you a comprehensive assessment and best practice treatment support, while incorporating elements in the therapy that promotes a sustained recovery from alcohol and/or drug use.
(857) 728-3005 View (857) 728-3005
Photo of Matthew Warren - Harbor Christian Counseling, Counselor, LMHC, LICSW, CMHIMP, MDiv, MA
Harbor Christian Counseling
Counselor, LMHC, LICSW, CMHIMP, MDiv, MA
Boston, MA 02215
We are all designed uniquely and live uniquely. Every person that we encounter is shaped by the interwoven threads of mind, body, and spirit as well as relationships, work, education, culture, community, and history. As such, Harbor Christian Counseling (HCC) seeks to care for the whole person through services that take into account this full range of formative influences. Caring for the whole person also means that we partner with our clients to address unwanted or problematic behaviors while gradually moving deeper to explore root issues that might be hampering growth.
We are all designed uniquely and live uniquely. Every person that we encounter is shaped by the interwoven threads of mind, body, and spirit as well as relationships, work, education, culture, community, and history. As such, Harbor Christian Counseling (HCC) seeks to care for the whole person through services that take into account this full range of formative influences. Caring for the whole person also means that we partner with our clients to address unwanted or problematic behaviors while gradually moving deeper to explore root issues that might be hampering growth.
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Photo of Dr. Natalia Macrynikola-Ryan, Psychologist, PhD
Dr. Natalia Macrynikola-Ryan
Psychologist, PhD
Boston, MA 02215
Do you often find yourself feeling overwhelmed, anxious, worried, or misunderstood? Maybe these are new struggles or something you’ve been dealing with for a while. Either way, I am glad you are here. I am a Harvard-trained licensed psychologist with expertise in evidence-based treatment for anxiety, depression, and emotional difficulties. I have been extensively trained in various evidence-based approaches, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART) for specific phobias and trauma.
Do you often find yourself feeling overwhelmed, anxious, worried, or misunderstood? Maybe these are new struggles or something you’ve been dealing with for a while. Either way, I am glad you are here. I am a Harvard-trained licensed psychologist with expertise in evidence-based treatment for anxiety, depression, and emotional difficulties. I have been extensively trained in various evidence-based approaches, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and Accelerated Resolution Therapy (ART) for specific phobias and trauma.
(857) 971-4302 View (857) 971-4302
Photo of Dr. Ruth Viehoff, Psychologist, PsyD, HSPP
Dr. Ruth Viehoff
Psychologist, PsyD, HSPP
3 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02215
You feel anxious and it’s hard to shut your brain off. People tell you to relax, but it’s not that easy. Your life is going well, but there’s always a new worry on the horizon. You’ve worked hard to get where you are, but it’s hard to sit back and enjoy it. Your standards for yourself feel too high. You tend to doubt yourself and your abilities and look to other people to reassure you. You invest a lot of time and energy into how other people feel, but end up in one-sided relationships. It’s hard to take up space, feel confident, and speak your truth. I help anxious overachievers rest, relax, and find balance in their busy lives.
You feel anxious and it’s hard to shut your brain off. People tell you to relax, but it’s not that easy. Your life is going well, but there’s always a new worry on the horizon. You’ve worked hard to get where you are, but it’s hard to sit back and enjoy it. Your standards for yourself feel too high. You tend to doubt yourself and your abilities and look to other people to reassure you. You invest a lot of time and energy into how other people feel, but end up in one-sided relationships. It’s hard to take up space, feel confident, and speak your truth. I help anxious overachievers rest, relax, and find balance in their busy lives.
(857) 344-1189 View (857) 344-1189
Photo of Dr. Gloria Spitalny, Psychologist, EdD
Dr. Gloria Spitalny
Psychologist, EdD
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02215
Dedicated to saving relationships and solving problems. The treatment starts with your goals and ends when achieved. I have a unique background. While working at Harvard Medical School and the Human Sexuality & Relationship program at McLean Hospital, I developed and refined highly effective relationship systems and therapies for couples. I am currently offering sessions at my Back Bay Boston office or by tel or zoom. My SOS hotline is +1 (617) 306-4955
Dedicated to saving relationships and solving problems. The treatment starts with your goals and ends when achieved. I have a unique background. While working at Harvard Medical School and the Human Sexuality & Relationship program at McLean Hospital, I developed and refined highly effective relationship systems and therapies for couples. I am currently offering sessions at my Back Bay Boston office or by tel or zoom. My SOS hotline is +1 (617) 306-4955
(617) 553-1351 View (617) 553-1351
Photo of Doug Paul - Orlando Counseling & Supervision, Counselor, LMHC
Orlando Counseling & Supervision
Counselor, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02215
I work with a number of different presenting issues including men's issues, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, life changes, couples and those who are dealing with substance use issues.
I work with a number of different presenting issues including men's issues, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, life changes, couples and those who are dealing with substance use issues.
(857) 422-6274 View (857) 422-6274
Photo of Jan Price, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Jan Price
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
4 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02215
Only accepting COUPLES. I work with couples who want to go beyond date nights and deciding who will take out the trash. You got together with your partner because you felt like they were "the one." But life got hard and messy, and now that spark feels distant or like it’s slipping away. Maybe there are more silent nights, angry conflicts, confusion or hurts. You both are trying to protect yourselves and the relationship in the best way that you know how. But there is a better way. I work with couples who are looking to find each other again.
Only accepting COUPLES. I work with couples who want to go beyond date nights and deciding who will take out the trash. You got together with your partner because you felt like they were "the one." But life got hard and messy, and now that spark feels distant or like it’s slipping away. Maybe there are more silent nights, angry conflicts, confusion or hurts. You both are trying to protect yourselves and the relationship in the best way that you know how. But there is a better way. I work with couples who are looking to find each other again.
(978) 704-7250 View (978) 704-7250
Photo of Emily Pfannenstiel, Counselor, MA, EdM, LPC, LMHC
Emily Pfannenstiel
Counselor, MA, EdM, LPC, LMHC
2 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02215
Hello! And welcome. My name is Emily and I am a practicing psychotherapist with a passion for holistic healing and empowering you to live a life you love. I enjoy working with women and survivors of trauma. I specialize in helping clients navigate their many meaningful relationships, in perinatal wellness, and in determining better ways to heal mood and anxiety symptoms. I am trained in CBT, DBT, perinatal counseling, and mindfulness. I'll follow your lead throughout this process. You are the expert in your life. I love what I do, and I take my job to help you grow very seriously. We're in this together.
Hello! And welcome. My name is Emily and I am a practicing psychotherapist with a passion for holistic healing and empowering you to live a life you love. I enjoy working with women and survivors of trauma. I specialize in helping clients navigate their many meaningful relationships, in perinatal wellness, and in determining better ways to heal mood and anxiety symptoms. I am trained in CBT, DBT, perinatal counseling, and mindfulness. I'll follow your lead throughout this process. You are the expert in your life. I love what I do, and I take my job to help you grow very seriously. We're in this together.
(401) 232-8992 View (401) 232-8992
Photo of Dianne M. Hezel, Psychologist, PhD
Dianne M. Hezel
Psychologist, PhD
Boston, MA 02215
Dr. Hezel is a clinical psychologist licensed in New York, New Jersey, and Massachusetts who specializes in treating OCD and anxiety disorders. An Assistant Professor and researcher at Columbia Medical Center/NY State Psychiatric Institute, Dr. Hezel earned her B.A. in psychology and English from Georgetown University and her Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Harvard University. She completed her predoctoral internship at Cornell Medical College/NY Presbyterian Hospital and has received clinical training at Massachusetts General Hospital and McLean Hospital in MA and the British Columbia Children’s Hospital in Vancouver, Canada.
Dr. Hezel is a clinical psychologist licensed in New York, New Jersey, and Massachusetts who specializes in treating OCD and anxiety disorders. An Assistant Professor and researcher at Columbia Medical Center/NY State Psychiatric Institute, Dr. Hezel earned her B.A. in psychology and English from Georgetown University and her Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Harvard University. She completed her predoctoral internship at Cornell Medical College/NY Presbyterian Hospital and has received clinical training at Massachusetts General Hospital and McLean Hospital in MA and the British Columbia Children’s Hospital in Vancouver, Canada.
(347) 941-1354 View (347) 941-1354
Photo of Ashlee Lucarevski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Ashlee Lucarevski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02215
I offer a collaborative, non-pathologizing approach to therapy where clients feel supported in exploring identity, values, and life experiences without judgment. My work is grounded in curiosity and respect, creating a safe space for self-exploration, personal growth, and emotional healing. Therapy is a partnership, and I center your goals, voice, and lived experience throughout the process.
I offer a collaborative, non-pathologizing approach to therapy where clients feel supported in exploring identity, values, and life experiences without judgment. My work is grounded in curiosity and respect, creating a safe space for self-exploration, personal growth, and emotional healing. Therapy is a partnership, and I center your goals, voice, and lived experience throughout the process.
(561) 532-1441 View (561) 532-1441
Photo of Jennifer Nussbaum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Jennifer Nussbaum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Boston, MA 02215
I am here to help you. I am Licensed in New York & Massachusetts (telehealth only). With over 20 years of experience working with children, teens, young adults & their families, I bring compassion, humor, & evidence-based therapeutic strategies to support individuals in finding clarity, balance, & fulfillment in to their lives. My background includes working in a range of settings- outpatient rehabilitation programs, schools, overnight camps, & private practice. This diverse experience has given me deep insight into the evolving challenges facing today's youth & their families.
I am here to help you. I am Licensed in New York & Massachusetts (telehealth only). With over 20 years of experience working with children, teens, young adults & their families, I bring compassion, humor, & evidence-based therapeutic strategies to support individuals in finding clarity, balance, & fulfillment in to their lives. My background includes working in a range of settings- outpatient rehabilitation programs, schools, overnight camps, & private practice. This diverse experience has given me deep insight into the evolving challenges facing today's youth & their families.
(631) 250-4398 View (631) 250-4398
Photo of Phoebe May Myat Mon Swe, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Phoebe May Myat Mon Swe
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Serves Area
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC). I provide psychotherapy from an insight-oriented and relational approach, grounded in the belief that meaningful change happens when people feel genuinely seen and supported. In my work, I aim to create a thoughtful and validating space where clients can reflect on their experiences, relationships, and patterns with curiosity and self-compassion. I earned my Master’s degree in Mental Health Counseling from Boston College and I have worked with individuals across the lifespan, and with people from diverse racial, ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic backgrounds.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC). I provide psychotherapy from an insight-oriented and relational approach, grounded in the belief that meaningful change happens when people feel genuinely seen and supported. In my work, I aim to create a thoughtful and validating space where clients can reflect on their experiences, relationships, and patterns with curiosity and self-compassion. I earned my Master’s degree in Mental Health Counseling from Boston College and I have worked with individuals across the lifespan, and with people from diverse racial, ethnic, cultural, and socioeconomic backgrounds.
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See more therapy options for 02215

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 02215

200+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in 02215 who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
90% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
79% Stress
72% Life Transitions
71% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

73% BlueCross and BlueShield
72% Aetna
60% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 02215 see their clients

64% Online Only
36% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

78% Female
19% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 02215?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.