Therapists in 01721

Photo of Elizabeth Handley, Counselor, LMHC, DCMHS
Elizabeth Handley
Counselor, LMHC, DCMHS
Ashland, MA 01721
Over the past 20 years I have found success in helping clients combine new insights with practical strategies to make the changes that they want to see in their lives. Whether it is clear what the challenges are or it's a vague sense of unease or "stuckness", therapy can help. Getting started can seem overwhelming and it can be hard to know what to expect. Sorting it all through is a much simpler process when it is done with a supportive, non judgemental professional in complete confidentiality. I am happy to speak to you and answer your questions about any part of the process with a free and confidential consult.
Over the past 20 years I have found success in helping clients combine new insights with practical strategies to make the changes that they want to see in their lives. Whether it is clear what the challenges are or it's a vague sense of unease or "stuckness", therapy can help. Getting started can seem overwhelming and it can be hard to know what to expect. Sorting it all through is a much simpler process when it is done with a supportive, non judgemental professional in complete confidentiality. I am happy to speak to you and answer your questions about any part of the process with a free and confidential consult.
(508) 205-0759 View (508) 205-0759
Photo of Francesca Marguerite Maximé - Francesca Maxime - Maxime Clarity Somatic Coaching, SEP, IFS, CMT-P, FOT/CFP, RLT
Francesca Maxime - Maxime Clarity Somatic Coaching
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Ashland, MA 01721
Are you feeling hesitant, worried, shut down, or withdrawn? Or perhaps a little low, not quite yourself, & trying to figure out what to do? Are old patterns you've used to manage no longer working? Perhaps I can help. Using a combination of mindful awareness, somatic (body)/nervous system regulation work & Internal Family Systems/parts work, we can explore the different aspects of ourselves & start to move towards the changes we'd like to see. I offer in person services in Brooklyn, NY or worldwide via Zoom video. I offer a free brief phone or video consult to see if we're a good fit: feel free to book yours at www.maximeclarity.com
Are you feeling hesitant, worried, shut down, or withdrawn? Or perhaps a little low, not quite yourself, & trying to figure out what to do? Are old patterns you've used to manage no longer working? Perhaps I can help. Using a combination of mindful awareness, somatic (body)/nervous system regulation work & Internal Family Systems/parts work, we can explore the different aspects of ourselves & start to move towards the changes we'd like to see. I offer in person services in Brooklyn, NY or worldwide via Zoom video. I offer a free brief phone or video consult to see if we're a good fit: feel free to book yours at www.maximeclarity.com
(929) 543-5650 View (929) 543-5650
Photo of Katie Twomey, Pre-Licensed Professional, MA , RC
Katie Twomey
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA , RC
Serves Area
Katie Twomey has been working at Paramount Recovery Centers since May 2022 as a Primary Therapist. Katie has worked in the mental health and addiction field since 2015. She received her Bachelor’s degree from UMass Boston in 2014 with a double major in Psychology and Sociology and a minor in Communication Studies. She is also currently enrolled in the MSW program at Regis College, and her anticipated graduation date is December 2022.
Katie Twomey has been working at Paramount Recovery Centers since May 2022 as a Primary Therapist. Katie has worked in the mental health and addiction field since 2015. She received her Bachelor’s degree from UMass Boston in 2014 with a double major in Psychology and Sociology and a minor in Communication Studies. She is also currently enrolled in the MSW program at Regis College, and her anticipated graduation date is December 2022.
(508) 593-0951 View (508) 593-0951
Photo of Mitchell Blum - Dr. Mitch-Lisa Marriage/Couple Workshop Specialist, PsyD, MSW, Life, Coach
Dr. Mitch PsyD & Lisa Couples Relationship Life Coach, Specialize in Marriage/Couples, Communication, Alcohol, Infidelity, Narcissism & Parenting. We have 35 Years of Co-Leading our Workshops (Male/Female Perspective). Our Workshops are Not Traditional Counseling (We Don't Obsess about your Past). We Provide: Two Professionals that Specialize in the Treatment of Relationships and Communication. We are Opened: Days, Eve's & Weekends. These Workshops are Designed for a Rapid Recovery and are Powerful & Comprehensive. Our Marriage/Couples, Alcohol & Communication Workshops have an 85% Rate of Success when you Complete our Program.
Dr. Mitch PsyD & Lisa Couples Relationship Life Coach, Specialize in Marriage/Couples, Communication, Alcohol, Infidelity, Narcissism & Parenting. We have 35 Years of Co-Leading our Workshops (Male/Female Perspective). Our Workshops are Not Traditional Counseling (We Don't Obsess about your Past). We Provide: Two Professionals that Specialize in the Treatment of Relationships and Communication. We are Opened: Days, Eve's & Weekends. These Workshops are Designed for a Rapid Recovery and are Powerful & Comprehensive. Our Marriage/Couples, Alcohol & Communication Workshops have an 85% Rate of Success when you Complete our Program.
(508) 501-8411 View (508) 501-8411
Photo of Nancy Gajee, Psychologist, PhD
Nancy Gajee
Psychologist, PhD
Serves Area
Together we can do what none of us can do alone. You've been looking for answers and, most of all, hope. I can offer you that hope through clinically proven psychotherapy for children, adolescents, and young adults with behavioral and mental health challenges. From depression to anxiety, to problem behaviors, trauma and autism, the evidence-based treatments I use deliver tangible results that improve lives. My multicultural background and years of experience and leadership come together with compassionate care to help my clients to achieve a new wellness and learn skills they carry with them the rest of their lives.
Together we can do what none of us can do alone. You've been looking for answers and, most of all, hope. I can offer you that hope through clinically proven psychotherapy for children, adolescents, and young adults with behavioral and mental health challenges. From depression to anxiety, to problem behaviors, trauma and autism, the evidence-based treatments I use deliver tangible results that improve lives. My multicultural background and years of experience and leadership come together with compassionate care to help my clients to achieve a new wellness and learn skills they carry with them the rest of their lives.
(508) 306-8613 View (508) 306-8613
Photo of Courtney Ann Romanowski, Counselor, LMHC, R-DMT
Courtney Ann Romanowski
Counselor, LMHC, R-DMT
6 Endorsed
Serves Area
I offer counseling for adults with mood and anxiety related symptoms. I am genuine, honest, and enthusiastic in my care. My hope is to help you with positive change and growth. I am willing to be an active team member as long as you too are honest, open minded, and willing. I graduated from Lesley University 2014 with a Master’s Degree in Expressive Therapies: Dance Therapy with a specialization in Mental Health Counseling.
I offer counseling for adults with mood and anxiety related symptoms. I am genuine, honest, and enthusiastic in my care. My hope is to help you with positive change and growth. I am willing to be an active team member as long as you too are honest, open minded, and willing. I graduated from Lesley University 2014 with a Master’s Degree in Expressive Therapies: Dance Therapy with a specialization in Mental Health Counseling.
(774) 450-6096 View (774) 450-6096
Photo of Emily Snow-Bebas, Counselor, LMHC
Emily Snow-Bebas
Counselor, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Welcome, I currently have daytime openings! I enjoy working with individuals, couples and families while specializing in treating couples, individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, ADHD and adjustment to life transitions.  With a compassionate approach, I use EFT couples therapy to help couples identify negative patterns that may be pushing their bond further apart. With a collaborative and empathic approach, I aim to create a safe space for exploration and growth, while blending a combination of CBT, EFT and ACT.
Welcome, I currently have daytime openings! I enjoy working with individuals, couples and families while specializing in treating couples, individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, ADHD and adjustment to life transitions.  With a compassionate approach, I use EFT couples therapy to help couples identify negative patterns that may be pushing their bond further apart. With a collaborative and empathic approach, I aim to create a safe space for exploration and growth, while blending a combination of CBT, EFT and ACT.
(508) 625-7432 View (508) 625-7432
Photo of Victoria Mauro, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMHC
Victoria Mauro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMHC
Serves Area
Everyone deserves a counselor who will listen, care, advocate, and support them. My experience has guided me to work a variety of presenting issues that include: substance use/addiction, depressive and anxiety symptoms, ADHD, family dynamics & communications, and stress management. (19+).
Everyone deserves a counselor who will listen, care, advocate, and support them. My experience has guided me to work a variety of presenting issues that include: substance use/addiction, depressive and anxiety symptoms, ADHD, family dynamics & communications, and stress management. (19+).
(508) 252-8315 View (508) 252-8315
Photo of Shelly Cichowlas, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Shelly Cichowlas
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Serves Area
Are you finding it hard to cope with anxiety, depression, grief, or relationship challenges that affect your daily life, your connections with others, or your ability to focus at work? Do you often feel drained, overwhelmed, or unsure of yourself as you try to meet expectations or simply make it through the day? You may even catch yourself wondering whether life could feel different—lighter, more meaningful, more manageable. In today’s world, it’s not uncommon to feel anxious, uncertain, or weighed down while navigating loss, healing from difficult relationships, or searching for a renewed sense of purpose.
Are you finding it hard to cope with anxiety, depression, grief, or relationship challenges that affect your daily life, your connections with others, or your ability to focus at work? Do you often feel drained, overwhelmed, or unsure of yourself as you try to meet expectations or simply make it through the day? You may even catch yourself wondering whether life could feel different—lighter, more meaningful, more manageable. In today’s world, it’s not uncommon to feel anxious, uncertain, or weighed down while navigating loss, healing from difficult relationships, or searching for a renewed sense of purpose.
(508) 978-1334 View (508) 978-1334
Photo of Susan Fagin, Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Susan Fagin
Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Serves Area
Relational issues are my focus. We are related to our birth families, our marriage or divorce families, our mates, children, peers, coworkers, and to our addictions and habits. My work connects the dots and helps one to see the where and why of the problem and to learn how to address it in a loving, healthy and healing way. Whether the conflict is between partners, parent and child, siblings or addictions, the goal is to mend the relationship and create positive self esteem. I surface the real issue through insightful and penetrating questions to illuminate the path to clarity and resolution.
Relational issues are my focus. We are related to our birth families, our marriage or divorce families, our mates, children, peers, coworkers, and to our addictions and habits. My work connects the dots and helps one to see the where and why of the problem and to learn how to address it in a loving, healthy and healing way. Whether the conflict is between partners, parent and child, siblings or addictions, the goal is to mend the relationship and create positive self esteem. I surface the real issue through insightful and penetrating questions to illuminate the path to clarity and resolution.
(978) 558-4899 View (978) 558-4899
Photo of Corinne Elizabeth Spangler-Baccam, Counselor, LMHC, CEIS
Corinne Elizabeth Spangler-Baccam
Counselor, LMHC, CEIS
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Working with people has always been my passion. Whether as an educator, an art teacher, a developmental specialist or a psychotherapist, it has been my love for people, art and nature that has formed me into the therapist I am today. As a graduate from Lesley University, with a Masters in Counseling Psychology and Expressive Art Therapies in 2003, I am well versed in uses of varied treatment modalities and practicing since 2007. I strongly believe in a humanistic and interpersonal approach to treatment so to support one’s personal unique processes in managing difficult emotions, situations or unwanted behaviors.
Working with people has always been my passion. Whether as an educator, an art teacher, a developmental specialist or a psychotherapist, it has been my love for people, art and nature that has formed me into the therapist I am today. As a graduate from Lesley University, with a Masters in Counseling Psychology and Expressive Art Therapies in 2003, I am well versed in uses of varied treatment modalities and practicing since 2007. I strongly believe in a humanistic and interpersonal approach to treatment so to support one’s personal unique processes in managing difficult emotions, situations or unwanted behaviors.
(508) 501-3592 View (508) 501-3592
Photo of Allison Peters, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Allison Peters
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I’m a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) with over 14 years of experience helping individuals navigate life’s challenges. My practice focuses on supporting people through grief and loss, medical and caregiving stress, relationship issues, anxiety, and major life transitions. One of my specialties is working with individuals struggling with OCD and I am certified in ERP. I am currently being trained in the Gottman Method for couples counseling. My therapeutic style is warm, collaborative, and grounded in evidence-based practices, with an emphasis on creating a space where you feel heard, supported, and empowered.
I’m a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) with over 14 years of experience helping individuals navigate life’s challenges. My practice focuses on supporting people through grief and loss, medical and caregiving stress, relationship issues, anxiety, and major life transitions. One of my specialties is working with individuals struggling with OCD and I am certified in ERP. I am currently being trained in the Gottman Method for couples counseling. My therapeutic style is warm, collaborative, and grounded in evidence-based practices, with an emphasis on creating a space where you feel heard, supported, and empowered.
(781) 725-6338 View (781) 725-6338
Photo of Manjola Prifti, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Manjola Prifti
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
3 Endorsed
Online Only
The path of life is not meant to be traveled alone; yet, we sometimes feel alone and unsupported. Having someone in our corner can help us make meaning of our experiences so we can grow from challenges and achieve our goals.
The path of life is not meant to be traveled alone; yet, we sometimes feel alone and unsupported. Having someone in our corner can help us make meaning of our experiences so we can grow from challenges and achieve our goals.
(508) 893-4854 View (508) 893-4854
Photo of Lois June Gould, Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Lois June Gould
Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Online Only
I would begin by sharing; coming to therapy is their first step to explore how to gain new perspectives to situations in their life that may not be working for them; their first step showing strength and self awareness. I will let them know that, while we'll explore aspects of what they share that may feel uncomfortable, l'll listen, creating a safe space for them; reflecting on their sharing, in a clear, non judgmental way to acknowledge their truth. I'll pose clarifying perspectives; reframing, to offer goals that are similar to other clients: which shows my experiences, how we will work together toward feeling progress.
I would begin by sharing; coming to therapy is their first step to explore how to gain new perspectives to situations in their life that may not be working for them; their first step showing strength and self awareness. I will let them know that, while we'll explore aspects of what they share that may feel uncomfortable, l'll listen, creating a safe space for them; reflecting on their sharing, in a clear, non judgmental way to acknowledge their truth. I'll pose clarifying perspectives; reframing, to offer goals that are similar to other clients: which shows my experiences, how we will work together toward feeling progress.
(508) 501-8546 View (508) 501-8546
Photo of Kerry Luoma, Counselor, LMHC
Kerry Luoma
Counselor, LMHC
Online Only
Seeking therapy is a step toward self-improvement, so you should be proud of yourself for taking this first step. I work with adolescents and adults who struggle with eating disorders, depression, anxiety, ADHD, stress, and mood disorders. And those who are going through life transitions such as divorce, going away to college, empty nesting, parenting, and career changes. I take a client-centered approach, helping each client set treatment goals and work toward a life of balance.
Seeking therapy is a step toward self-improvement, so you should be proud of yourself for taking this first step. I work with adolescents and adults who struggle with eating disorders, depression, anxiety, ADHD, stress, and mood disorders. And those who are going through life transitions such as divorce, going away to college, empty nesting, parenting, and career changes. I take a client-centered approach, helping each client set treatment goals and work toward a life of balance.
(508) 202-1152 View (508) 202-1152
Photo of Michael Magnani, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Michael Magnani
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Online Only
Improvement, contentment, and living a more fulfilling life are things most people are striving toward. But it’s frustrating, exhausting, and at times debilitating when your own mind seems to keep you from it. I work with individuals struggling with addiction, depression, anxiety, OCD, and other mood disorders, as well as the patterns that keep them from moving forward. I tend to work well with clients who are intellectually inclined and interested in understanding the underlying causes of what they’re experiencing — not just at a surface level, but in a way that leads to meaningful change.
Improvement, contentment, and living a more fulfilling life are things most people are striving toward. But it’s frustrating, exhausting, and at times debilitating when your own mind seems to keep you from it. I work with individuals struggling with addiction, depression, anxiety, OCD, and other mood disorders, as well as the patterns that keep them from moving forward. I tend to work well with clients who are intellectually inclined and interested in understanding the underlying causes of what they’re experiencing — not just at a surface level, but in a way that leads to meaningful change.
(508) 466-0051 View (508) 466-0051
Photo of Stacey Kohler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Stacey Kohler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Online Only
I offer compassionate, culturally humble counseling to help clients find more adaptive ways of handling life stressors. My clients feel better after just a few sessions. I have over 28 years of experience working with clients and getting them back on their feet. I work with individuals who have medical issues, trauma issues, and individuals who are on disability. I also have an interest in the treatment of trauma and offer many different experiential exercises and relaxation training tools. I offer Integrative EMDR Psychotherapy, and I am trained in hypnosis from the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis. Give me a call, please.
I offer compassionate, culturally humble counseling to help clients find more adaptive ways of handling life stressors. My clients feel better after just a few sessions. I have over 28 years of experience working with clients and getting them back on their feet. I work with individuals who have medical issues, trauma issues, and individuals who are on disability. I also have an interest in the treatment of trauma and offer many different experiential exercises and relaxation training tools. I offer Integrative EMDR Psychotherapy, and I am trained in hypnosis from the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis. Give me a call, please.
(508) 570-5006 View (508) 570-5006
Photo of Charles Jarvis, Counselor, LMHC
Charles Jarvis
Counselor, LMHC
Online Only
Therapy should be easy, accessible, and tailor made to your needs. I aim to meet people where they are in their lives, navigate those struggles in a partnership, and help create a plan together for a solution forward. Most of my clients who end up in therapy, report feeling stuck in the mud, sometimes for many years. By working together, I hope to bridge this gap from feeling stuck, to feeling excited for the future. Many years ago, a supervisor told me, remember "you are seeing someone on their worst possible day". Life is hard, therapy shouldn't have to be. Book with me now by clicking on my website.
Therapy should be easy, accessible, and tailor made to your needs. I aim to meet people where they are in their lives, navigate those struggles in a partnership, and help create a plan together for a solution forward. Most of my clients who end up in therapy, report feeling stuck in the mud, sometimes for many years. By working together, I hope to bridge this gap from feeling stuck, to feeling excited for the future. Many years ago, a supervisor told me, remember "you are seeing someone on their worst possible day". Life is hard, therapy shouldn't have to be. Book with me now by clicking on my website.
(508) 338-9528 View (508) 338-9528
Photo of Patrick Hagan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Patrick Hagan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
My work focuses on life transitions, identity development and navigating the challenges associated with change. I provide a non-judgmental, goal-oriented environment for you to highlight and cultivate your best self. Or, in the words of Dolly Parton: "Find out who you are, and do it on purpose." I value humor, humility, and building on your existing strengths to help achieve your goals. My work is informed by a strong belief that our wellbeing is impacted by the environments within which we exist. I strive to offer care that is attentive to the diverse identities and experiences that influence how we move through the world.
My work focuses on life transitions, identity development and navigating the challenges associated with change. I provide a non-judgmental, goal-oriented environment for you to highlight and cultivate your best self. Or, in the words of Dolly Parton: "Find out who you are, and do it on purpose." I value humor, humility, and building on your existing strengths to help achieve your goals. My work is informed by a strong belief that our wellbeing is impacted by the environments within which we exist. I strive to offer care that is attentive to the diverse identities and experiences that influence how we move through the world.
(508) 665-1323 View (508) 665-1323
Photo of Melissa Duca, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Melissa Duca
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
"You can't go back to change the beginning, but you can start where you are and change the ending." - C. S. Lewis. Therapy is a collaborative effort to set goals and achieve them and that happens with the right connection between a client and a therapist. My approach to therapy is a mixture of strength-based therapy, empowerment, CBT, solution-focused therapy, and mindfulness and I customize each session depending on who is sitting in front of me. I understand that each person's story is different.
"You can't go back to change the beginning, but you can start where you are and change the ending." - C. S. Lewis. Therapy is a collaborative effort to set goals and achieve them and that happens with the right connection between a client and a therapist. My approach to therapy is a mixture of strength-based therapy, empowerment, CBT, solution-focused therapy, and mindfulness and I customize each session depending on who is sitting in front of me. I understand that each person's story is different.
(508) 233-8489 View (508) 233-8489

See more therapy options for 01721

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 01721

30+

Average cost per session

$170

Therapists in 01721 who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
84% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
70% Stress
65% Parenting
62% Self Esteem
54% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% BlueCross and BlueShield
73% Optum
69% Aetna

How Therapists in 01721 see their clients

65% Online Only
35% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

85% Female
15% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 01721?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.