Therapists in 01103

Photo of Jaime Frazier - New Growth Recovery, LMHC
New Growth Recovery
Verified Verified
Springfield, MA 01103
We work with adults who are navigating the challenges of substance use, trauma, and life transitions. Our ideal clients may feel overwhelmed, stuck, or unsure how to move forward, but they have a desire for change. They may be coping with anxiety, depression, relationship stress, or the effects of past experiences that still impact daily life. Their goal is to find stability, develop healthier coping skills, and reconnect with a sense of purpose. They want to feel heard, understood, and supported in a safe, nonjudgmental environment where they can take steps toward lasting recovery and personal growth.
We work with adults who are navigating the challenges of substance use, trauma, and life transitions. Our ideal clients may feel overwhelmed, stuck, or unsure how to move forward, but they have a desire for change. They may be coping with anxiety, depression, relationship stress, or the effects of past experiences that still impact daily life. Their goal is to find stability, develop healthier coping skills, and reconnect with a sense of purpose. They want to feel heard, understood, and supported in a safe, nonjudgmental environment where they can take steps toward lasting recovery and personal growth.
(413) 483-3103 View (413) 483-3103
Photo of Whitney Robinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Whitney Robinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Springfield, MA 01103
At Restorative Bloom Counseling, I provide a space where you can show up fully—messy, evolving, uncertain—and feel safe doing so. Whether you're looking for relief, clarity, or self-discovery, therapy can support your growth in both subtle and significant ways.
At Restorative Bloom Counseling, I provide a space where you can show up fully—messy, evolving, uncertain—and feel safe doing so. Whether you're looking for relief, clarity, or self-discovery, therapy can support your growth in both subtle and significant ways.
(413) 287-6957 View (413) 287-6957
Photo of Lolita Maria Hanley - L and L Life Enrichment Center, Psychologist, PsyD, LMHC, LADCI
L and L Life Enrichment Center
Psychologist, PsyD, LMHC, LADCI
Springfield, MA 01103
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist, bilingual in Spanish and English, who believes in a "whole person, whole health”, strength-based, treatment approach. I believe that our Mental/Emotional/Behavioral health Matters. Combined, they are fundamental to our ability as humans to think, emote, interact with each other and optimize our life quality and satisfaction . As such, my team and I work collaboratively with each client to provide culturally sensitive, evidenced based services, using creative and inspiring interventions catering to a diverse groups of all ages; human service professionals, first responders and teachers
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist, bilingual in Spanish and English, who believes in a "whole person, whole health”, strength-based, treatment approach. I believe that our Mental/Emotional/Behavioral health Matters. Combined, they are fundamental to our ability as humans to think, emote, interact with each other and optimize our life quality and satisfaction . As such, my team and I work collaboratively with each client to provide culturally sensitive, evidenced based services, using creative and inspiring interventions catering to a diverse groups of all ages; human service professionals, first responders and teachers
(413) 304-3282 View (413) 304-3282
Photo of Lisa Mindell, Counselor, M.Ed., LMHC
Lisa Mindell
Counselor, M.Ed., LMHC
1 Endorsed
Springfield, MA 01103
Welcome! My name is Lisa and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. I have worked in community mental health for the last 10 years. I am passionate about working with children using play therapy and a strengths-based approach, and supporting clients of all ages who have experienced trauma, individuals with ASD, and those who identify as LGBTQIA+. I enjoy helping advocate for individuals in the school system and with DCF.
Welcome! My name is Lisa and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. I have worked in community mental health for the last 10 years. I am passionate about working with children using play therapy and a strengths-based approach, and supporting clients of all ages who have experienced trauma, individuals with ASD, and those who identify as LGBTQIA+. I enjoy helping advocate for individuals in the school system and with DCF.
(413) 408-5466 x167 View (413) 408-5466 x167
Photo of Mitch Blum - Dr. Mitch-Lisa Marriage/Couple Workshop Specialist, PsyD, MSW, Life, Coach
Dr. Mitch PsyD & Lisa Couples Relationship Life Coach, Specialize in Marriage/Couples, Communication, Alcohol, Infidelity, Narcissism & Parenting. We have 35 Years of Co-Leading our Workshops (Male/Female Perspective). Our Workshops are Not Traditional Counseling (We Don't Obsess about your Past). We Provide: Two Professionals that Specialize in the Treatment of Relationships and Communication. We are Opened: Days, Eve's & Weekends. These Workshops are Designed for a Rapid Recovery and are Powerful & Comprehensive. Our Marriage/Couples, Alcohol & Communication Workshops have an 85% Rate of Success when you Complete our Program.
Dr. Mitch PsyD & Lisa Couples Relationship Life Coach, Specialize in Marriage/Couples, Communication, Alcohol, Infidelity, Narcissism & Parenting. We have 35 Years of Co-Leading our Workshops (Male/Female Perspective). Our Workshops are Not Traditional Counseling (We Don't Obsess about your Past). We Provide: Two Professionals that Specialize in the Treatment of Relationships and Communication. We are Opened: Days, Eve's & Weekends. These Workshops are Designed for a Rapid Recovery and are Powerful & Comprehensive. Our Marriage/Couples, Alcohol & Communication Workshops have an 85% Rate of Success when you Complete our Program.
(413) 359-6997 View (413) 359-6997
Photo of Maria E. Roman Morales, Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC , LADC1, LICSWPR, BC-TMH
Maria E. Roman Morales
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC , LADC1, LICSWPR, BC-TMH
2 Endorsed
Springfield, MA 01103
Choosing a therapist is a meaningful and personal decision—and finding the right fit truly matters. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Clinical Social Worker dedicated to providing trauma-informed and culturally responsive care to children, adolescents, adults, and families. I strive to create a safe, supportive space where clients feel heard, respected, and empowered to work toward their goals. I specialize in working with individuals experiencing trauma, navigating adoption-related challenges, managing school and behavioral concerns, addressing substance use, and coping with immigration-related stress.
Choosing a therapist is a meaningful and personal decision—and finding the right fit truly matters. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Clinical Social Worker dedicated to providing trauma-informed and culturally responsive care to children, adolescents, adults, and families. I strive to create a safe, supportive space where clients feel heard, respected, and empowered to work toward their goals. I specialize in working with individuals experiencing trauma, navigating adoption-related challenges, managing school and behavioral concerns, addressing substance use, and coping with immigration-related stress.
(860) 390-2502 View (860) 390-2502
Photo of Robert Page - Community Caring Clinic, PhD
Community Caring Clinic
Verified Verified
Springfield, MA 01103
Our behavioral health care practice offers services to all people including, low-income, migrant and refugee communities in the greater Boston Area and Springfield, Massachusetts. Our Focus is to provide a cost-effective, quality treatment to wide spectrum of society that may not have access to quality, comprehensive care. Our mission is to provide an opportunity for underserved children, young people, families, and individuals to promote and strengthen their mental, spiritual, and physical health.
Our behavioral health care practice offers services to all people including, low-income, migrant and refugee communities in the greater Boston Area and Springfield, Massachusetts. Our Focus is to provide a cost-effective, quality treatment to wide spectrum of society that may not have access to quality, comprehensive care. Our mission is to provide an opportunity for underserved children, young people, families, and individuals to promote and strengthen their mental, spiritual, and physical health.
(413) 289-8131 View (413) 289-8131
Photo of NNAMDI AUSTIN UDEMAGWUNA, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, M.Ed., LADC1
NNAMDI AUSTIN UDEMAGWUNA
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, M.Ed., LADC1
1 Endorsed
Springfield, MA 01103
I believe recovery is possible for everyone. My goal is to create a safe and respectful space where you feel heard and supported. Together, we will explore the factors behind substance use, build coping skills, and work toward healthier choices and recovery.
I believe recovery is possible for everyone. My goal is to create a safe and respectful space where you feel heard and supported. Together, we will explore the factors behind substance use, build coping skills, and work toward healthier choices and recovery.
(857) 847-5849 View (857) 847-5849
Photo of B Wright - Oflong Mental Health Services LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Oflong Mental Health Services LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
1 Endorsed
Springfield, MA 01103
Feeling uncertain, emotionally drained, or stuck—but ready for change? You’re not alone. Our ideal clients are those who have been struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or low self-esteem—often for years—and now seek not just relief, but a deeper sense of self-worth, confidence, and purpose. Therapy is a safe, supportive space to explore these challenges, feel understood, and develop tools to heal and grow. If you’re ready to feel whole again, regain your confidence, and rebuild meaningful connections, we’re here to walk alongside you every step of the way. Now accepting EAP clients. Reach out today to get started.
Feeling uncertain, emotionally drained, or stuck—but ready for change? You’re not alone. Our ideal clients are those who have been struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, or low self-esteem—often for years—and now seek not just relief, but a deeper sense of self-worth, confidence, and purpose. Therapy is a safe, supportive space to explore these challenges, feel understood, and develop tools to heal and grow. If you’re ready to feel whole again, regain your confidence, and rebuild meaningful connections, we’re here to walk alongside you every step of the way. Now accepting EAP clients. Reach out today to get started.
(508) 501-7966 View (508) 501-7966
Photo of Rachel DiBella, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Rachel DiBella
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Serves Area
You deserve support, care, and accompaniment as you work through life’s difficulties, challenges, and calls for growth. Whether you want to feel more secure in your relationships, or are trying to deal with a conflict, or struggling with something in your past, or are holding worry about the future, you need not go it alone. In my practice, I strive to provide therapeutic experiences that create self-awareness, self-compassion, and practical tools for improving your life. Together, we will use trauma-informed, collaborative, and empowerment-focused approaches that help to make positive change more possible.
You deserve support, care, and accompaniment as you work through life’s difficulties, challenges, and calls for growth. Whether you want to feel more secure in your relationships, or are trying to deal with a conflict, or struggling with something in your past, or are holding worry about the future, you need not go it alone. In my practice, I strive to provide therapeutic experiences that create self-awareness, self-compassion, and practical tools for improving your life. Together, we will use trauma-informed, collaborative, and empowerment-focused approaches that help to make positive change more possible.
(508) 690-4664 View (508) 690-4664
Photo of Kristen Kocot - Therapeutic Behavioral Interventions, LLC, Counselor, LMHC
Therapeutic Behavioral Interventions, LLC
Counselor, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Therapeutic Behavioral Interventions (TBI) is a collaborative outpatient practice focused on delivering personalized, high-quality care to individuals of all ages. Our team of five experienced therapists specializes in supporting those with intensive needs, including traumatic brain injury, autism spectrum disorders, and significant behavioral challenges. While we began with clinically complex populations, we now also address a wide range of concerns such as anxiety, depression, ADHD, life transitions, and relationship issues. We offer personalized, supportive, and inclusive care for children, adolescents, adults, and families.
Therapeutic Behavioral Interventions (TBI) is a collaborative outpatient practice focused on delivering personalized, high-quality care to individuals of all ages. Our team of five experienced therapists specializes in supporting those with intensive needs, including traumatic brain injury, autism spectrum disorders, and significant behavioral challenges. While we began with clinically complex populations, we now also address a wide range of concerns such as anxiety, depression, ADHD, life transitions, and relationship issues. We offer personalized, supportive, and inclusive care for children, adolescents, adults, and families.
(413) 340-5084 View (413) 340-5084
Photo of Dr. Neyda S Morell-Giboyeaux, Psychologist, PsyD.
Dr. Neyda S Morell-Giboyeaux
Psychologist, PsyD.
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
You are a high-achieving woman or young adult female who appears to have it all together, yet internally you feel overwhelmed, stuck, and exhausted from trying to keep up. The pressure to perform has become unsustainable, leaving you uncertain about what’s next. Whether you are navigating a major life transition, managing academic and social pressures, or balancing demanding responsibilities, you deserve a space to gain clarity without the need to “perform.” You don't have to figure it out alone. Hi, I’m Dr. Morell, a licensed clinical psychologist with over ten years of experience.
You are a high-achieving woman or young adult female who appears to have it all together, yet internally you feel overwhelmed, stuck, and exhausted from trying to keep up. The pressure to perform has become unsustainable, leaving you uncertain about what’s next. Whether you are navigating a major life transition, managing academic and social pressures, or balancing demanding responsibilities, you deserve a space to gain clarity without the need to “perform.” You don't have to figure it out alone. Hi, I’m Dr. Morell, a licensed clinical psychologist with over ten years of experience.
(413) 798-8053 View (413) 798-8053
Photo of Nicholas Duhamel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Nicholas Duhamel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
4 Endorsed
Serves Area
Welcome! I'm Nick. I am passionate for supporting individuals seeking support with their symptoms of grief, anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, and various other challenges. I am committed to spend time building rapport with you and using empirical strategies to assist you with finding relief and restoring peace. Finding the right therapist is imperative, I am ready to work with you on your journey to build and maintain mental wellness. I offer virtual and in-person sessions.
Welcome! I'm Nick. I am passionate for supporting individuals seeking support with their symptoms of grief, anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, and various other challenges. I am committed to spend time building rapport with you and using empirical strategies to assist you with finding relief and restoring peace. Finding the right therapist is imperative, I am ready to work with you on your journey to build and maintain mental wellness. I offer virtual and in-person sessions.
(401) 812-3049 View (401) 812-3049
Photo of Shera Weintraub, Counselor, LMHC, ATR-BC
Shera Weintraub
Counselor, LMHC, ATR-BC
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) and a Board Certified Art Therapist (ATR-BC) working out of the Berkshires. I work with all ages in-person in Great Barrington, MA and virtually across Massachusetts to help support you with anxiety, depression, life transitions, and reaching your full potential! My eclectic approach combines art-therapy, person-centered, and polyvagal informed techniques in order to best support each individual and your needs
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) and a Board Certified Art Therapist (ATR-BC) working out of the Berkshires. I work with all ages in-person in Great Barrington, MA and virtually across Massachusetts to help support you with anxiety, depression, life transitions, and reaching your full potential! My eclectic approach combines art-therapy, person-centered, and polyvagal informed techniques in order to best support each individual and your needs
(617) 996-7145 View (617) 996-7145
Photo of Eileen Garrigan - Thriveworks Counseling&Psychiatry West Springfield, Counselor
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
(413) 288-3695 View (413) 288-3695
Photo of Dr. Courtney Speropolous, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LMHC, LSWA, CST
Dr. Courtney Speropolous
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LMHC, LSWA, CST
Serves Area
I work with patients navigating trauma, anxiety, grief, depression, life transitions, and relationship or parenting stress, offering a supportive space to work through what you’ve experienced at your own pace. If you’re struggling with the lasting effects of trauma, abuse, or painful relationship experiences, including domestic violence, grief/loss, childhood abuse, infidelity, infertility, divorce/break-up, or narcissistic abuse, you may feel overwhelmed, anxious, or unsure where to turn.
I work with patients navigating trauma, anxiety, grief, depression, life transitions, and relationship or parenting stress, offering a supportive space to work through what you’ve experienced at your own pace. If you’re struggling with the lasting effects of trauma, abuse, or painful relationship experiences, including domestic violence, grief/loss, childhood abuse, infidelity, infertility, divorce/break-up, or narcissistic abuse, you may feel overwhelmed, anxious, or unsure where to turn.
(339) 888-9250 View (339) 888-9250
Photo of Michael Williams, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Michael Williams
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Life is full of ups and downs and navigating those challenging times on your own can often be very difficult. I am passionate about helping people navigate the challenging times that are a part of all of our lives by creating a safe and supportive environment that allows a person time to heal and create new pathways. I specialize in marital, family, and individual therapy. I have worked with families and individuals for over 20 years and would welcome the opportunity to have a free phone consultation with you.
Life is full of ups and downs and navigating those challenging times on your own can often be very difficult. I am passionate about helping people navigate the challenging times that are a part of all of our lives by creating a safe and supportive environment that allows a person time to heal and create new pathways. I specialize in marital, family, and individual therapy. I have worked with families and individuals for over 20 years and would welcome the opportunity to have a free phone consultation with you.
(959) 265-0758 View (959) 265-0758
Photo of Nardine Staroverov - The Connected Marriage-Couple Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
The Connected Marriage-Couple Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
8 Endorsed
Serves Area
When trust has been broken by infidelity, emotional betrayal, or constant conflict, relationships can start to feel unsafe and exhausting. You may find yourselves stuck in the same arguments, emotionally disconnected, or unsure whether healing is even possible. I help couples and individuals throughout Connecticut and Massachusetts move from crisis to clarity; especially after betrayal, attachment injuries, and long-standing high conflict. I offer secure telehealth for clients across both states and in-person sessions in Windsor, Connecticut.
When trust has been broken by infidelity, emotional betrayal, or constant conflict, relationships can start to feel unsafe and exhausting. You may find yourselves stuck in the same arguments, emotionally disconnected, or unsure whether healing is even possible. I help couples and individuals throughout Connecticut and Massachusetts move from crisis to clarity; especially after betrayal, attachment injuries, and long-standing high conflict. I offer secure telehealth for clients across both states and in-person sessions in Windsor, Connecticut.
(860) 200-0185 View (860) 200-0185
Photo of Jaime Beth Gershman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Jaime Beth Gershman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Serves Area
My intention is to help people discover lasting pathways to feel better. I will bring my warmth, heart, experience and presence to our unique collaboration as we focus on how you want to feel in your life. I practice a body-centered approach to counseling. Woven through our talking together will be periods of mindfulness and tuning in as a way to deepen awareness, growth and healing. When we have the support we need--we feel more freedom to be ourselves emotionally, intellectually, physically and spiritually. As distortions release--we naturally heal, improve our relationships, and make authentic life choices that feel good.
My intention is to help people discover lasting pathways to feel better. I will bring my warmth, heart, experience and presence to our unique collaboration as we focus on how you want to feel in your life. I practice a body-centered approach to counseling. Woven through our talking together will be periods of mindfulness and tuning in as a way to deepen awareness, growth and healing. When we have the support we need--we feel more freedom to be ourselves emotionally, intellectually, physically and spiritually. As distortions release--we naturally heal, improve our relationships, and make authentic life choices that feel good.
(413) 387-4218 View (413) 387-4218
Photo of Megan Shannon, Counselor, LMHC, LCMHC
Megan Shannon
Counselor, LMHC, LCMHC
Serves Area
Hi, I'm a Licensed (Clinical) Mental Health Counselor based in Massachusetts. I am licensed in Massachusetts and Vermont.
Hi, I'm a Licensed (Clinical) Mental Health Counselor based in Massachusetts. I am licensed in Massachusetts and Vermont.
(978) 300-8430 View (978) 300-8430

See more therapy options for 01103

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 01103

60+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 01103 who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
82% Depression
72% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
65% Relationship Issues
65% Stress
45% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% Aetna
62% Harvard Pilgrim

How Therapists in 01103 see their clients

52% Online Only
48% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 01103?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.