Women's Issues Psychiatrists in Spicewood, TX

Photo of Dr. Charmi Balsara, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Charmi Balsara
Psychiatrist, MD
Spicewood, TX 78669
ADD/ ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder), Medication Management, Bipolar Disorder, Stress, Burnout, Sleep, Insomnia, Pregnancy, Prenatal, Postpartum (including postpartum depression), Self-Esteem, Relationship Issues, Infidelity, Divorce, Marital and Premarital Challenges, Trauma, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Coping Skills, Women’s Issues, Family Issues, Peer Relationships, Life Transitions, Eating Disorders, Emotional Disturbance, Mood Disorders, Dual Diagnosis, Life Coaching, Behavioral Issues, Grief, Psychosis, Thinking Disorders.
ADD/ ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder), Medication Management, Bipolar Disorder, Stress, Burnout, Sleep, Insomnia, Pregnancy, Prenatal, Postpartum (including postpartum depression), Self-Esteem, Relationship Issues, Infidelity, Divorce, Marital and Premarital Challenges, Trauma, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Coping Skills, Women’s Issues, Family Issues, Peer Relationships, Life Transitions, Eating Disorders, Emotional Disturbance, Mood Disorders, Dual Diagnosis, Life Coaching, Behavioral Issues, Grief, Psychosis, Thinking Disorders.
(737) 238-6565 View (737) 238-6565
Photo of Riz Ahmad - Dr. Riz @ Evolve Psychiatry, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Riz @ Evolve Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD
Serves Area
Do racing thoughts, restless nights, and constant self-doubt drain your energy and peace of mind? Are you overwhelmed by the need for certainty, struggling with poor concentration, or feeling burdened by your own hypersensitivity? Whether your challenges stem from brain chemistry, genetics, or hurtful parenting, you don’t have to face them alone. At Evolve Psychiatry, our compassionate team of medical experts and seasoned psychotherapists partners with you to explore and finally answer these questions. Together, we’ll cultivate the skills you need to feel more confident in yourself and more connected to the world around you.
Do racing thoughts, restless nights, and constant self-doubt drain your energy and peace of mind? Are you overwhelmed by the need for certainty, struggling with poor concentration, or feeling burdened by your own hypersensitivity? Whether your challenges stem from brain chemistry, genetics, or hurtful parenting, you don’t have to face them alone. At Evolve Psychiatry, our compassionate team of medical experts and seasoned psychotherapists partners with you to explore and finally answer these questions. Together, we’ll cultivate the skills you need to feel more confident in yourself and more connected to the world around you.
(737) 345-2969 View (737) 345-2969
Photo of Christina Rossetti Perdikis, Physician Assistant, PA-C
Christina Rossetti Perdikis
Physician Assistant, PA-C
Serves Area
As a board-certified Physician Assistant, I am dedicated to providing compassionate, comprehensive mental health care for children, adolescents, and adults. My areas of expertise include ADHD, anxiety, depression, postpartum anxiety, postpartum depression, and navigating major life transitions. I strive to create a welcoming and supportive environment where patients feel heard, understood, and empowered throughout their treatment journey.
As a board-certified Physician Assistant, I am dedicated to providing compassionate, comprehensive mental health care for children, adolescents, and adults. My areas of expertise include ADHD, anxiety, depression, postpartum anxiety, postpartum depression, and navigating major life transitions. I strive to create a welcoming and supportive environment where patients feel heard, understood, and empowered throughout their treatment journey.
(737) 388-2118 View (737) 388-2118
Photo of Alejandro Perez - Dr. Perez @ Evolve Psychiatry, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Perez @ Evolve Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD
Serves Area
Do racing thoughts, restless nights, and constant self-doubt drain your energy and peace of mind? Are you overwhelmed by the need for certainty, struggling with poor concentration, or feeling burdened by your own hypersensitivity? Whether your challenges stem from brain chemistry, genetics, or hurtful parenting, you don’t have to face them alone. At Evolve Psychiatry, our compassionate team of medical experts and seasoned psychotherapists partners with you to explore and finally answer these questions. Together, we’ll cultivate the skills you need to feel more confident in yourself and more connected to the world around you.
Do racing thoughts, restless nights, and constant self-doubt drain your energy and peace of mind? Are you overwhelmed by the need for certainty, struggling with poor concentration, or feeling burdened by your own hypersensitivity? Whether your challenges stem from brain chemistry, genetics, or hurtful parenting, you don’t have to face them alone. At Evolve Psychiatry, our compassionate team of medical experts and seasoned psychotherapists partners with you to explore and finally answer these questions. Together, we’ll cultivate the skills you need to feel more confident in yourself and more connected to the world around you.
(737) 727-2812 View (737) 727-2812
Photo of Dr. Monika Sreeja Thangada, Psychiatrist, MD, FABPN, FAPCRP
Dr. Monika Sreeja Thangada
Psychiatrist, MD, FABPN, FAPCRP
Serves Area
Dr. Monika Thangada is a Board-Certified MD Psychiatrist (Fellow ABPN, Fellow APCR) with Full Prescriptive Authority. She specializes in ADHD, Treatment-Resistant Depression with Spravato & TMS, Anxiety, Memory and Cognitive Concerns, Sleep Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, and Medication Management. Same-Week appointments are available, with flexible Evening and Weekend slots. Medicare and Most insurance accepted. In-person care at our clinics plus telehealth across Texas. Now Accepting New Patients in Beecave.
Dr. Monika Thangada is a Board-Certified MD Psychiatrist (Fellow ABPN, Fellow APCR) with Full Prescriptive Authority. She specializes in ADHD, Treatment-Resistant Depression with Spravato & TMS, Anxiety, Memory and Cognitive Concerns, Sleep Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, and Medication Management. Same-Week appointments are available, with flexible Evening and Weekend slots. Medicare and Most insurance accepted. In-person care at our clinics plus telehealth across Texas. Now Accepting New Patients in Beecave.
(737) 284-7686 View (737) 284-7686

More Psychiatrists Nearby

Photo of Nkenna Ajagba, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Nkenna Ajagba
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Austin, TX 78759
Hi there. I'm a holistic psychiatric nurse practitioner and specialize in women's mental health. I work with women and mothers struggling with depression, anxiety, irritability, PMDD, OCD, perinatal (pregnancy/postpartum) mood and anxiety symptoms, perimenopause, and disordered eating. I offer holistic treatment options that integrate mind, body, spirit, and relationships in your care to help you live a fulfilling life.
Hi there. I'm a holistic psychiatric nurse practitioner and specialize in women's mental health. I work with women and mothers struggling with depression, anxiety, irritability, PMDD, OCD, perinatal (pregnancy/postpartum) mood and anxiety symptoms, perimenopause, and disordered eating. I offer holistic treatment options that integrate mind, body, spirit, and relationships in your care to help you live a fulfilling life.
(512) 549-6068 View (512) 549-6068
Photo of Dr. Onyi Okeke, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Onyi Okeke
Psychiatrist, MD
4 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78705
• • • • Currently Accepting New Clients • • • • • If your child is struggling—or you’re running on fumes yourself—it can be hard to know where to turn. Transitions like pregnancy, postpartum, or parenting challenges often raise questions about mental health, medication, and what’s “normal,” especially amid conflicting advice. You may be noticing big feelings showing up for your child, for yourself, or both, and wanting thoughtful guidance on how to support your family. You’re not alone.
• • • • Currently Accepting New Clients • • • • • If your child is struggling—or you’re running on fumes yourself—it can be hard to know where to turn. Transitions like pregnancy, postpartum, or parenting challenges often raise questions about mental health, medication, and what’s “normal,” especially amid conflicting advice. You may be noticing big feelings showing up for your child, for yourself, or both, and wanting thoughtful guidance on how to support your family. You’re not alone.
(281) 626-7701 View (281) 626-7701
Photo of Rose Senegal, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PhD
Rose Senegal
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PhD
Online Only
You might be feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, stuck in cycles of low mood, or juggling emotional ups and downs alongside real-life stressors like work, family, or health. Maybe you’ve tried coping on your own and it’s just not enough anymore, you want clarity, real tools, and someone who gets it without judgment. You want to feel confident again, more you, with strategies that actually fit your life. I’m here to help you turn “just getting by” into real forward momentum, one honest conversation at a time.
You might be feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, stuck in cycles of low mood, or juggling emotional ups and downs alongside real-life stressors like work, family, or health. Maybe you’ve tried coping on your own and it’s just not enough anymore, you want clarity, real tools, and someone who gets it without judgment. You want to feel confident again, more you, with strategies that actually fit your life. I’m here to help you turn “just getting by” into real forward momentum, one honest conversation at a time.
(281) 761-2709 View (281) 761-2709
Photo of Martha Nunez, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Martha Nunez
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
If stress, trauma, grief, or life’s challenges have left you feeling disconnected from yourself, you are not alone. With more than 20 years of healthcare experience across family practice, hospital medicine, and psychiatric care, I understand how emotional struggles can affect both the mind and body. I work with adolescents, adults, and older adults who are ready to move beyond simply surviving and begin thriving again. My goal is to help you find balance, regain confidence, and create meaningful change through compassionate care that recognizes your whole story, not just your symptoms.
If stress, trauma, grief, or life’s challenges have left you feeling disconnected from yourself, you are not alone. With more than 20 years of healthcare experience across family practice, hospital medicine, and psychiatric care, I understand how emotional struggles can affect both the mind and body. I work with adolescents, adults, and older adults who are ready to move beyond simply surviving and begin thriving again. My goal is to help you find balance, regain confidence, and create meaningful change through compassionate care that recognizes your whole story, not just your symptoms.
(432) 223-0299 View (432) 223-0299
Photo of Jennifer Brock-Garcia, Psychiatric Nurse, PMHNP, APRN
Jennifer Brock-Garcia
Psychiatric Nurse, PMHNP, APRN
1 Endorsed
Online Only
As a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, I provide compassionate, up-to-date mental health care to my clients. This can range from prescribing medication, providing information about how to improve sleep or nutrition, or simply helping clients to understand how mental health issues happen, how they can affect our lives, and what options for treatment exist. Trauma, anxiety and depression (unipolar or bipolar) and hormonal issues (PMDD, menopause) are areas of specialty for me, as I have had significant experience treating these issues. Currently, I can see clients age 17 and over.
As a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, I provide compassionate, up-to-date mental health care to my clients. This can range from prescribing medication, providing information about how to improve sleep or nutrition, or simply helping clients to understand how mental health issues happen, how they can affect our lives, and what options for treatment exist. Trauma, anxiety and depression (unipolar or bipolar) and hormonal issues (PMDD, menopause) are areas of specialty for me, as I have had significant experience treating these issues. Currently, I can see clients age 17 and over.
(512) 359-3575 View (512) 359-3575
Photo of Zuraima Caldera, Psychiatrist, MD
Zuraima Caldera
Psychiatrist, MD
Leander, TX 78641
Zuraima Caldera, MD is a dedicated, committed, and caring mental health provider. She is certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology in both Adult Psychiatry and in Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. She has extensive expertise in areas as ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), Anxiety, Mood Disorders, Phobic Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders, Tic Disorders, PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), disorders related to the Autism Spectrum, among others. Dr. Caldera is the founder of Balanced Minds.
Zuraima Caldera, MD is a dedicated, committed, and caring mental health provider. She is certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology in both Adult Psychiatry and in Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. She has extensive expertise in areas as ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), Anxiety, Mood Disorders, Phobic Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders, Tic Disorders, PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), disorders related to the Autism Spectrum, among others. Dr. Caldera is the founder of Balanced Minds.
(512) 607-9619 View (512) 607-9619
Photo of Leona Machele Chaljub - Machele Chaljub | Mindful Integrative Psychiatry, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, FNP, PMHNP
Machele Chaljub | Mindful Integrative Psychiatry
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, FNP, PMHNP
Serves Area
I am an integrative provider passionate about helping higher education students and adult professionals experiencing burnout and stress improve work productivity and create healthy coping strategies. Additionally, I help women experiencing anxiety, depression, and hormonal imbalances from PMDD, postpartum, and the menopause transition find physical and emotional stability and improve self-confidence. I have a special interest in creating an inclusive and safe space for those of the immigrant population, the LGTBQ+ community, and parents of LGBTQ+ children who are seeking help to foster a sense of belonging and improve their quality.
I am an integrative provider passionate about helping higher education students and adult professionals experiencing burnout and stress improve work productivity and create healthy coping strategies. Additionally, I help women experiencing anxiety, depression, and hormonal imbalances from PMDD, postpartum, and the menopause transition find physical and emotional stability and improve self-confidence. I have a special interest in creating an inclusive and safe space for those of the immigrant population, the LGTBQ+ community, and parents of LGBTQ+ children who are seeking help to foster a sense of belonging and improve their quality.
(409) 509-6715 View (409) 509-6715
Photo of Kristin Yeung Lasseter - Reproductive Psychiatry and Counseling, Psychiatrist, MD
Reproductive Psychiatry and Counseling
Psychiatrist, MD
5 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78704
If you or your partner are struggling with mental wellness during infertility, pregnancy loss, or pregnancy/postpartum, during perimenopause or experiencing premenstrual difficulties please consider reaching out for more care. We often try to be strong and work through issues alone without realizing the significant impact our own mental health has on our children and family. Receiving quality treatment can help you to improve your wellness, and by extension, the wellness of your baby, in the safest ways.
If you or your partner are struggling with mental wellness during infertility, pregnancy loss, or pregnancy/postpartum, during perimenopause or experiencing premenstrual difficulties please consider reaching out for more care. We often try to be strong and work through issues alone without realizing the significant impact our own mental health has on our children and family. Receiving quality treatment can help you to improve your wellness, and by extension, the wellness of your baby, in the safest ways.
(512) 710-2173 View (512) 710-2173
Photo of Elizabeth Templado Ghadimi, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Elizabeth Templado Ghadimi
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Online Only
I’m Elizabeth, a Filipina-American Psychiatric‐Mental Health Nurse Practitioner and founder of Her Mind & Wellness, PLLC. My practice is built on the belief that mental‐health care should feel human, culturally aware, and deeply supportive. I believe healing happens when you feel seen, safe, and understood. My practice blends modern psychiatry with a nurturing, human approach — creating a space where you can breathe, reset, and rebuild your wellness with guidance that feels gentle, clear, and empowering.
I’m Elizabeth, a Filipina-American Psychiatric‐Mental Health Nurse Practitioner and founder of Her Mind & Wellness, PLLC. My practice is built on the belief that mental‐health care should feel human, culturally aware, and deeply supportive. I believe healing happens when you feel seen, safe, and understood. My practice blends modern psychiatry with a nurturing, human approach — creating a space where you can breathe, reset, and rebuild your wellness with guidance that feels gentle, clear, and empowering.
(915) 348-5567 View (915) 348-5567
Photo of Dr. Mara Sigalos-Rivera, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Mara Sigalos-Rivera
Psychiatrist, MD
4 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78759
Psychiatry should feel like a partnership, not a prescription and a rushed goodbye. I'm Dr. Rivera, a board-certified psychiatrist specializing in reproductive and women's mental health. I focus on how hormones and reproductive transitions shape mental health: pregnancy, postpartum, infertility, perimenopause, and PMDD. I also treat anxiety, depression, OCD, bipolar disorder, and trauma. I work alongside a skilled team of clinicians so that patients at Estela always have access to thoughtful, coordinated care.
Psychiatry should feel like a partnership, not a prescription and a rushed goodbye. I'm Dr. Rivera, a board-certified psychiatrist specializing in reproductive and women's mental health. I focus on how hormones and reproductive transitions shape mental health: pregnancy, postpartum, infertility, perimenopause, and PMDD. I also treat anxiety, depression, OCD, bipolar disorder, and trauma. I work alongside a skilled team of clinicians so that patients at Estela always have access to thoughtful, coordinated care.
(512) 710-1037 View (512) 710-1037
Photo of Kimberly Sennet - The HIVE Maternal Wellness Center, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CNM
The HIVE Maternal Wellness Center
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CNM
Online Only
The transition into parenthood can be challenging because there are so many changes and things happen unexpectantly. We do our best to be prepared, yet we may find ourselves lost in overwhelm. We are pretty familiar with the physical changes, but less so with the mental ones. If this is you, let me reassure you many others have been there and there is help for your situation. My name is Kimberly Sennet and I'm here to encourage you to take a step- for yourself, your baby, and your family. I'm here whenever you are ready.
The transition into parenthood can be challenging because there are so many changes and things happen unexpectantly. We do our best to be prepared, yet we may find ourselves lost in overwhelm. We are pretty familiar with the physical changes, but less so with the mental ones. If this is you, let me reassure you many others have been there and there is help for your situation. My name is Kimberly Sennet and I'm here to encourage you to take a step- for yourself, your baby, and your family. I'm here whenever you are ready.
(737) 227-0626 View (737) 227-0626
Photo of Becky Spencer, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PhD, APRN, PMHNPBC, IBCLC, PMH-C
Becky Spencer
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PhD, APRN, PMHNPBC, IBCLC, PMH-C
Serves Area
Hello, I am Becky Spencer. I am a board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, a lactation consultant, and perinatal mental health specialist. Are you planning for pregnancy, currently pregnant, or postpartum, and you either just aren't feeling "right" or have a history of mental health challenges? Have other healthcare providers told you that you can't receive treatment for mental health while pregnant and breastfeeding? Is the transition to parenthood overwhelming? You are not alone, and treatment can help.
Hello, I am Becky Spencer. I am a board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, a lactation consultant, and perinatal mental health specialist. Are you planning for pregnancy, currently pregnant, or postpartum, and you either just aren't feeling "right" or have a history of mental health challenges? Have other healthcare providers told you that you can't receive treatment for mental health while pregnant and breastfeeding? Is the transition to parenthood overwhelming? You are not alone, and treatment can help.
(469) 564-4254 View (469) 564-4254
Photo of Elisabeth Netherton, Psychiatrist, MD, PMH-C
Elisabeth Netherton
Psychiatrist, MD, PMH-C
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I provide compassionate reproductive psychiatric care for women across the adult lifespan, including for women facing challenges with infertility, pregnancy, postpartum, and perimenopause. In my fee-for-service practice my patients come first- not their insurance companies. I keep my caseload small so that I can focus on getting to know my patients, coordinate care with their therapists and other doctors, and respond to their needs in a timely fashion. Patients pay for visits as they go and, for those that have this option available, can use HSA cards to pay for visits or seek out of network reimbursement.
I provide compassionate reproductive psychiatric care for women across the adult lifespan, including for women facing challenges with infertility, pregnancy, postpartum, and perimenopause. In my fee-for-service practice my patients come first- not their insurance companies. I keep my caseload small so that I can focus on getting to know my patients, coordinate care with their therapists and other doctors, and respond to their needs in a timely fashion. Patients pay for visits as they go and, for those that have this option available, can use HSA cards to pay for visits or seek out of network reimbursement.
(346) 594-0281 View (346) 594-0281
Photo of Shani Alam, Psychiatrist, MD
Shani Alam
Psychiatrist, MD
Online Only
I have been practicing general adult psychiatry since 1997 and have extensive expertise in evaluating and treating individuals of all ages, as well as treating a wide variety of emotional and mental conditions that range from mood/anxiety disorders, substance abuse, PTSD, OCD, ADHD, and eating disorders to consulting with clients about grief, trauma, work stress, relationship problems, adoption, legal cases, disability, and other major life changing events. I utilize biopsychosocial approach to mental illness that takes into account each individual's physical health, environment, and psychological experiences throughout their life.
I have been practicing general adult psychiatry since 1997 and have extensive expertise in evaluating and treating individuals of all ages, as well as treating a wide variety of emotional and mental conditions that range from mood/anxiety disorders, substance abuse, PTSD, OCD, ADHD, and eating disorders to consulting with clients about grief, trauma, work stress, relationship problems, adoption, legal cases, disability, and other major life changing events. I utilize biopsychosocial approach to mental illness that takes into account each individual's physical health, environment, and psychological experiences throughout their life.
(512) 686-2315 View (512) 686-2315
Photo of Sarah Brooke Thorpe, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, CARNAP
Sarah Brooke Thorpe
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, CARNAP
Online Only
Many women are told that pregnancy, postpartum recovery, and menopause are supposed to be joyful, natural transitions. Yet for many, these seasons of life feel overwhelming, isolating, and unlike anything they expected. Perhaps anxiety has become constant. Thoughts race at night, making it impossible to rest. Maybe sadness, irritability, guilt, or emotional numbness have taken the place of excitement and connection. Hormonal shifts can leave even the strongest women feeling unlike themselves, wondering, "What happened to the person I used to be?"
Many women are told that pregnancy, postpartum recovery, and menopause are supposed to be joyful, natural transitions. Yet for many, these seasons of life feel overwhelming, isolating, and unlike anything they expected. Perhaps anxiety has become constant. Thoughts race at night, making it impossible to rest. Maybe sadness, irritability, guilt, or emotional numbness have taken the place of excitement and connection. Hormonal shifts can leave even the strongest women feeling unlike themselves, wondering, "What happened to the person I used to be?"
(817) 580-8675 View (817) 580-8675

See more therapy options for Spicewood

FAQ - Psychiatrists for Women's Issues
How can psychiatrists help women with gender-specific mental health challenges?
Women can face a variety of unique mental health challenges that they may seek psychiatric support for, such as reproductive and perinatal mental health, postpartum depression, menopause, body image concerns, and other conditions that intersect with gender-based experiences. Psychiatrists with specific expertise in working with women can offer treatment for these conditions, often through medication management, psychotherapy, or a combination of both. While not all psychiatrists who specialize in women's issues are female, some women find that they are most comfortable seeing a female psychiatrist, as they may feel more supported by someone who has shared life experiences and perspectives.

What does psychiatric treatment for women's issues involve?
Because women's issues encompass a variety of concerns, the course of treatment recommended by a psychiatrist will vary. However, psychiatrists will often begin treatment with an assessment of a client's current symptoms and recommend a treatment plan according to the assessment findings. Treatment often includes a combination of psychotherapy and medication, depending on the nature of the concern and the individual's goals. For example, a psychiatrist might use evidence-based approaches such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), psychodynamic therapy, or interpersonal therapy (IPT) to help clients explore and address challenges related to identity, relationships, parenting, or past trauma. For those experiencing mood changes related to hormonal fluctuations—such as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) or perinatal depression—medication may also be considered to help stabilize mood. In many cases, psychiatrists will coordinate with other healthcare providers, such as OB-GYNs or primary care physicians, to ensure comprehensive care.

How can I find a psychiatrist who specializes in women's issues?
Psychology Today's online directory allows users to search for psychiatrists by treatment specialty and gender, making it easy to find psychiatrists (MDs) and psychiatric nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) who treat women's issues and identify as female. Each provider profile includes key information such as clinical specialties, therapeutic approach, licensure, accepted insurance plans, languages spoken, and session fees.