Trauma and PTSD Psychiatrists in La Jolla, CA

Photo of Mohammed Ahmed, Psychiatrist in La Jolla, CA
Mohammed Ahmed
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
Symptoms such as depression and anxiety can be caused by chemical imbalances in a person’s brain. Medications can relieve these symptoms by changing brain chemicals that influence mood and thought patterns. Because every individual responds differently to every medication, a specialized neuropsychiatrist is the best equipped to prescribe and manage drug therapy. At Kaizen, our neuropsychiatrist considers the whole patient, including symptom and medication history. Dr. Ahmed also has a strong background with military, veteran, and active-duty patients suffering from PTSD, MDD, or Generalized Anxiety.
Symptoms such as depression and anxiety can be caused by chemical imbalances in a person’s brain. Medications can relieve these symptoms by changing brain chemicals that influence mood and thought patterns. Because every individual responds differently to every medication, a specialized neuropsychiatrist is the best equipped to prescribe and manage drug therapy. At Kaizen, our neuropsychiatrist considers the whole patient, including symptom and medication history. Dr. Ahmed also has a strong background with military, veteran, and active-duty patients suffering from PTSD, MDD, or Generalized Anxiety.
(844) 417-7209 View (844) 417-7209
Photo of Savanna Olsson, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Savanna Olsson
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, NP
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037  (Online Only)
Due to my inpatient and outpatient experience, I am well-versed in a range of mental health disorders including mood disorders, anxiety, PTSD, OCD, ADHD and psychotic disorders.
I am a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I completed my BSN and MSN at Azusa Pacific University. As a RN, I worked at a psychiatric hospital and at a jail based competency treatment program for patients that were incompetent to stand trial due to a mental illness.
Due to my inpatient and outpatient experience, I am well-versed in a range of mental health disorders including mood disorders, anxiety, PTSD, OCD, ADHD and psychotic disorders.
I am a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I completed my BSN and MSN at Azusa Pacific University. As a RN, I worked at a psychiatric hospital and at a jail based competency treatment program for patients that were incompetent to stand trial due to a mental illness.
(657) 300-4288 View (657) 300-4288
Photo of Dr. Adarezza Ferrer, Psychiatrist in La Jolla, CA
Dr. Adarezza Ferrer
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
La Jolla, CA 92037
I am a board-certified psychiatrist committed to providing compassionate mental health care. I have extensive experience working with young and older adult populations, treating mood disorders and behavioral problems. Common conditions I work with include anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
I am a board-certified psychiatrist committed to providing compassionate mental health care. I have extensive experience working with young and older adult populations, treating mood disorders and behavioral problems. Common conditions I work with include anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
(760) 274-8206 View (760) 274-8206
Photo of Robert Voloshin, Psychiatrist in La Jolla, CA
Robert Voloshin
Psychiatrist, DO
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
Times are extremely challenging. With all the changes occurring in the world, many of our underlying issues are arising. I am here to help you address your relational, psychological, and emotional blockages. First and foremost, I am a therapist focused on the healing of psychoemotional wounds. My orientation is informed by the study of trauma, attachment, and systems theory. I utilize Ketamine as well as other Integrative Psychiatric approaches as a catalyst for psychotherapy.
Times are extremely challenging. With all the changes occurring in the world, many of our underlying issues are arising. I am here to help you address your relational, psychological, and emotional blockages. First and foremost, I am a therapist focused on the healing of psychoemotional wounds. My orientation is informed by the study of trauma, attachment, and systems theory. I utilize Ketamine as well as other Integrative Psychiatric approaches as a catalyst for psychotherapy.
(415) 324-4428 View (415) 324-4428
Photo of Katherine Lais, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Katherine Lais
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
Dr. Lais is a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) treating all people, from children and adolescents to adults and older adults. Dr. Lais primarily worked with patients in community/public health clinics before working with the dedicated team at Mind Bloom La Jolla. She has extensive experience in treating PTSD, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and addiction disorders. She has over 14 years of experience in the mental health field.
Dr. Lais is a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) treating all people, from children and adolescents to adults and older adults. Dr. Lais primarily worked with patients in community/public health clinics before working with the dedicated team at Mind Bloom La Jolla. She has extensive experience in treating PTSD, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and addiction disorders. She has over 14 years of experience in the mental health field.
(858) 221-9759 View (858) 221-9759
Photo of Lauren Chow, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Lauren Chow
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
I am a board-certified psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner and help with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, career counseling, domestic violence, hoarding, life transitions, self-esteem, school-related issues, trauma, and women’s issues. I also provide gender-affirming mental health care to members of the LGBTQIA+ community.
I am a board-certified psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner and help with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, career counseling, domestic violence, hoarding, life transitions, self-esteem, school-related issues, trauma, and women’s issues. I also provide gender-affirming mental health care to members of the LGBTQIA+ community.
(858) 365-8047 View (858) 365-8047
Photo of Prof. David Feifel, Psychiatrist in La Jolla, CA
Prof. David Feifel
Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
La Jolla, CA 92037
My expertise is providing cutting-edge treatment alternatives to conventional approaches. If conventional treatments such a psychotherapy or medications have failed to fully address your depression, anxiety, PTSD, OCD, etc, our team at Kadima Neuropsychiatry Institute can provide highly advanced alternatives to help you break free from these debilitating conditions. I was the first provider to introduce FDA-approved Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in San Diego (2009) and the first to provide ketamine therapy (2008). I have more cumulative experience in utilizing these two innovative techniques than any other provider.
My expertise is providing cutting-edge treatment alternatives to conventional approaches. If conventional treatments such a psychotherapy or medications have failed to fully address your depression, anxiety, PTSD, OCD, etc, our team at Kadima Neuropsychiatry Institute can provide highly advanced alternatives to help you break free from these debilitating conditions. I was the first provider to introduce FDA-approved Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in San Diego (2009) and the first to provide ketamine therapy (2008). I have more cumulative experience in utilizing these two innovative techniques than any other provider.
(858) 412-4130 View (858) 412-4130
Photo of Romilynn Danko, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Romilynn Danko
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNPBC
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
Prior experience includes both inpatient and outpatient settings with an emphasis on treating ADHD, mood disorders (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorders), anxiety disorders, PTSD, and psychotic disorders (schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia).
Dr. Danko is a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) who received her DNP from the University of San Diego. Having worked with children, adolescents, and adults in the mental health field for over 19 years, she welcomes all ages as clients. Her approach to mental health care is based on a strong belief in mind-body wellness that integrates complementary treatments including talk therapy, lifestyle modification, and medication management as well as alternative options.
Prior experience includes both inpatient and outpatient settings with an emphasis on treating ADHD, mood disorders (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorders), anxiety disorders, PTSD, and psychotic disorders (schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia).
Dr. Danko is a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) who received her DNP from the University of San Diego. Having worked with children, adolescents, and adults in the mental health field for over 19 years, she welcomes all ages as clients. Her approach to mental health care is based on a strong belief in mind-body wellness that integrates complementary treatments including talk therapy, lifestyle modification, and medication management as well as alternative options.
(858) 463-3790 View (858) 463-3790
Photo of Hylermed.com, Psychiatrist in La Jolla, CA
Hylermed.com
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
Open availability for Bay Area and Southern California. Hylermed is a California based telepsychiatry and face to face practice for routine, urgent, and crisis visits. Initial consultations can be scheduled within one business day thanks to our fluid availability. Treatment for ADHD, anxiety, bipolar, depression, schizophrenia, trauma and other conditions are accessible. In addition, the practice offers autism and neuropsychological testing, as well as adolescent and adult psychotherapy. If you’re seeking a provider that is affordable, congenial, experienced and relatable, you came to the right place.
Open availability for Bay Area and Southern California. Hylermed is a California based telepsychiatry and face to face practice for routine, urgent, and crisis visits. Initial consultations can be scheduled within one business day thanks to our fluid availability. Treatment for ADHD, anxiety, bipolar, depression, schizophrenia, trauma and other conditions are accessible. In addition, the practice offers autism and neuropsychological testing, as well as adolescent and adult psychotherapy. If you’re seeking a provider that is affordable, congenial, experienced and relatable, you came to the right place.
(858) 223-7659 View (858) 223-7659
Photo of The Focus Doc, Psychiatrist in La Jolla, CA
The Focus Doc
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
specializes in treating cognitive issues related to ADHD, Anxiety, Brain Fog, Depression, OCD, and PTSD.
Dr. Dave Auluck, M.D. is a 3rd generation physician, 2nd generation psychiatrist, and physician educator. He is passionate about improving the mental health treatment experience. His mission is to ensure personalized, industry-leading, preeminent care is accessible and affordable. He has worked with thousands of patients over the years and overseen program development for tens of thousands of others. He truly understands there is no "one size fits all" approach.
specializes in treating cognitive issues related to ADHD, Anxiety, Brain Fog, Depression, OCD, and PTSD.
Dr. Dave Auluck, M.D. is a 3rd generation physician, 2nd generation psychiatrist, and physician educator. He is passionate about improving the mental health treatment experience. His mission is to ensure personalized, industry-leading, preeminent care is accessible and affordable. He has worked with thousands of patients over the years and overseen program development for tens of thousands of others. He truly understands there is no "one size fits all" approach.
(619) 329-4608 View (619) 329-4608
Photo of Ashok Parameswaran, Psychiatrist in La Jolla, CA
Ashok Parameswaran
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
In general, his practice focuses on the treatment of mood disorders including depression and bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders including panic and phobic disorders, ADHD, OCD, and PTSD.
Dr. Ashok Parameswaran is a licensed and board-certified psychiatrist. Born outside of Philadelphia PA, he moved to San Diego for residency. In San Diego, he has worked in a variety of outpatient clinical care settings serving patients from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds.
In general, his practice focuses on the treatment of mood disorders including depression and bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders including panic and phobic disorders, ADHD, OCD, and PTSD.
Dr. Ashok Parameswaran is a licensed and board-certified psychiatrist. Born outside of Philadelphia PA, he moved to San Diego for residency. In San Diego, he has worked in a variety of outpatient clinical care settings serving patients from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds.
(858) 630-6582 View (858) 630-6582
Photo of Janet Agu, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Janet Agu
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP, MSN
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
My areas of specialty include schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, OCD and PTSD for patients ages 17 to 65 years old.
Do you feel as though no one understands you? Do ruminating thoughts dominate your day? Can you visualize the life your heart desires, but aren’t sure what steps to take next? I provide a safe and caring place to share your thoughts, worries, goals, and traumas. You can say anything to me that you need to begin or continue your healing process. Together, we will create a personalized care plan, utilizing proven tools and techniques. If you are ready to take the first step, I’ll be at your side as your journey unfolds.
My areas of specialty include schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, OCD and PTSD for patients ages 17 to 65 years old.
Do you feel as though no one understands you? Do ruminating thoughts dominate your day? Can you visualize the life your heart desires, but aren’t sure what steps to take next? I provide a safe and caring place to share your thoughts, worries, goals, and traumas. You can say anything to me that you need to begin or continue your healing process. Together, we will create a personalized care plan, utilizing proven tools and techniques. If you are ready to take the first step, I’ll be at your side as your journey unfolds.
(562) 685-8899 View (562) 685-8899
Photo of Margaret Gold, Psychiatrist in La Jolla, CA
Margaret Gold
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037
I specifically treat unrelenting depression, anxiety, insomnia, and PTSD, otherwise not well treated by traditional psychiatric medications. With a trauma informed, holistic, integrative approach to psychiatric treatment, I offer a safe container for you to explore and heal from the inside. With 1:1 individualized treatment, using Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy, unlike other ketamine clinics, I will stay by your side throughout in a safe, home like setting. We believe in your innate ability to heal in a setting of safety, feeling heard and seen, and empathy. If you are looking for a new approach, please let us know.
I specifically treat unrelenting depression, anxiety, insomnia, and PTSD, otherwise not well treated by traditional psychiatric medications. With a trauma informed, holistic, integrative approach to psychiatric treatment, I offer a safe container for you to explore and heal from the inside. With 1:1 individualized treatment, using Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy, unlike other ketamine clinics, I will stay by your side throughout in a safe, home like setting. We believe in your innate ability to heal in a setting of safety, feeling heard and seen, and empathy. If you are looking for a new approach, please let us know.
(760) 428-1916 View (760) 428-1916
Photo of Mehdi Bubba Thomas, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Mehdi Bubba Thomas
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92038  (Online Only)
Exclusively focused on mental health issues, Bonmente treats a myriad of psychiatric conditions, including anxiety, depression, ADHD, sleep disorders, postpartum depression, PTSD, bipolar disorder, panic attacks, OCD, and gender dysphoria.
We know asking for help is a challenging thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here, and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be. Now, welcoming new patients!
Exclusively focused on mental health issues, Bonmente treats a myriad of psychiatric conditions, including anxiety, depression, ADHD, sleep disorders, postpartum depression, PTSD, bipolar disorder, panic attacks, OCD, and gender dysphoria.
We know asking for help is a challenging thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here, and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be. Now, welcoming new patients!
(858) 465-4857 View (858) 465-4857
Photo of Richard Liu, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Richard Liu
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
La Jolla, CA 92093
Are you struggling with challenges related to anxiety, depression, or attention? Meet Richard, a board-certified Psychiatry PMHNP, ensuring you receive care from a qualified professional grounded in psychiatric nursing. Specializing in Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, PTSD, Bipolar, and more, Richard offers extensive experience in addressing various mental health issues. His broad expertise allows for a customized approach to meet your unique needs.
Are you struggling with challenges related to anxiety, depression, or attention? Meet Richard, a board-certified Psychiatry PMHNP, ensuring you receive care from a qualified professional grounded in psychiatric nursing. Specializing in Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, PTSD, Bipolar, and more, Richard offers extensive experience in addressing various mental health issues. His broad expertise allows for a customized approach to meet your unique needs.
(949) 991-4897 View (949) 991-4897
Photo of Jordan Blaine, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Jordan Blaine
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92038  (Online Only)
Exclusively focused on mental health issues, Bonmente treats a myriad of psychiatric conditions including anxiety, depression, ADHD, sleep disorders, postpartum depression, PTSD, bipolar disorder, panic attacks, and OCD.
ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS - We know asking for help is not an easy thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be.
Exclusively focused on mental health issues, Bonmente treats a myriad of psychiatric conditions including anxiety, depression, ADHD, sleep disorders, postpartum depression, PTSD, bipolar disorder, panic attacks, and OCD.
ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS - We know asking for help is not an easy thing to do. We also know that finding a provider you trust to help you navigate mental health care can be a challenge. That's why we're here and we're doing things differently. As a patient at Bonmente, you enjoy comprehensive treatments customized specifically for your unique circumstances, convenient telemedicine appointments that allow you to see your provider from the comfort of home, an online patient portal that lets you communicate directly with your provider, and a highly trained support team that makes becoming a patient as simple as it should be.
(619) 292-0163 View (619) 292-0163
Photo of Jamesina Johns, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Jamesina Johns
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, NP
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037  (Online Only)
Whether you are struggling with depression, trauma, mood disorders, anxiety, bipolar or attention issues, I'm here to help you.
Are you tired of providers who don't make time to listen to you? Providers who don't even take time to ask how you are truly doing? As a philosophy, I believe that you should have a voice in your psychiatric care. Together you and I will create a plan that is individually tailored and attainable for you.
Whether you are struggling with depression, trauma, mood disorders, anxiety, bipolar or attention issues, I'm here to help you.
Are you tired of providers who don't make time to listen to you? Providers who don't even take time to ask how you are truly doing? As a philosophy, I believe that you should have a voice in your psychiatric care. Together you and I will create a plan that is individually tailored and attainable for you.
(760) 621-7505 View (760) 621-7505
Photo of Janet Osuagwu, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Janet Osuagwu
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037  (Online Only)
I specialize in medication management of Severe Anxiety disorder, Severe Depressive Disorder, Bipolar disorder, PTSD, Anxiety, depression, Psychosis, OCD, adjustment disorder and many more.
I believe that each individual deserves a life that is fulfilling, enriched, empowered and allow for understanding of self and feelings. You don’t want to continue living in isolation and consumed daily with thoughts of how to face tomorrow hence you making this move. If you feel seeking help and scheduling this appointment today with me for psychiatric medication management is the right move, then you are right. By taking this bold step today, you are ready to take back control of your life and pave a new path for yourself. I am here to help you achieve through.
I specialize in medication management of Severe Anxiety disorder, Severe Depressive Disorder, Bipolar disorder, PTSD, Anxiety, depression, Psychosis, OCD, adjustment disorder and many more.
I believe that each individual deserves a life that is fulfilling, enriched, empowered and allow for understanding of self and feelings. You don’t want to continue living in isolation and consumed daily with thoughts of how to face tomorrow hence you making this move. If you feel seeking help and scheduling this appointment today with me for psychiatric medication management is the right move, then you are right. By taking this bold step today, you are ready to take back control of your life and pave a new path for yourself. I am here to help you achieve through.
(562) 372-6654 View (562) 372-6654
Photo of Angela Lim, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Angela Lim
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92092
Angela is a Board-Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC). She received her Master of Science in Nursing from California State University, San Marcos and has over six years of mental and behavioral health care experience. Angela has worked with children, adolescents, and adults in settings which include intensive outpatient programs and psychiatric emergency rooms. In these settings, she has provided care for various diagnoses, including but not limited to, anxiety, ADHD, depression, mood disorders, schizophrenia, and PTSD.
Angela is a Board-Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC). She received her Master of Science in Nursing from California State University, San Marcos and has over six years of mental and behavioral health care experience. Angela has worked with children, adolescents, and adults in settings which include intensive outpatient programs and psychiatric emergency rooms. In these settings, she has provided care for various diagnoses, including but not limited to, anxiety, ADHD, depression, mood disorders, schizophrenia, and PTSD.
(415) 964-5885 View (415) 964-5885
Photo of Roxie Hogan, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in La Jolla, CA
Roxie Hogan
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, NP
Verified Verified
La Jolla, CA 92037  (Online Only)
Hello, I am Roxie I am excited to start my growth with you. I love helping others to feel better by utilizing my skills and knowledge in practice. I love to utilize therapy with medication to empower my patients to get the optimal outcome(s). I am a Board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner.
Hello, I am Roxie I am excited to start my growth with you. I love helping others to feel better by utilizing my skills and knowledge in practice. I love to utilize therapy with medication to empower my patients to get the optimal outcome(s). I am a Board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner.
(562) 554-7748 View (562) 554-7748
Trauma and PTSD Psychiatrists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.