Psychiatrists in Cordova, TN

I treat patients holistically, which involve addressing the interconnected aspects of an individuals well-being, including physical, emotional, social and spiritual dimensions. I recognize mental wellnesses encompasses an overall state of wellness, which is why my treatment plans include medication, therapy, lifestyle changes such as exercise and nutrition and mindfulness practices. I believe in a collaborative approach to patient care. By working closely with other healthcare professionals, such as therapists, I can provide a comprehensive tailored approach to each individual's needs
I treat patients holistically, which involve addressing the interconnected aspects of an individuals well-being, including physical, emotional, social and spiritual dimensions. I recognize mental wellnesses encompasses an overall state of wellness, which is why my treatment plans include medication, therapy, lifestyle changes such as exercise and nutrition and mindfulness practices. I believe in a collaborative approach to patient care. By working closely with other healthcare professionals, such as therapists, I can provide a comprehensive tailored approach to each individual's needs

I am passionate about helping others achieve mental wellness and resiliency. I bring a warm and empathetic approach to care, creating a space where patients feel heard and understood. A strong foundation in nursing and specialized training in psychiatry allows me to provide holistic and evidence-based care that addresses the unique needs of each patient.
I am passionate about helping others achieve mental wellness and resiliency. I bring a warm and empathetic approach to care, creating a space where patients feel heard and understood. A strong foundation in nursing and specialized training in psychiatry allows me to provide holistic and evidence-based care that addresses the unique needs of each patient.

Psychiatry is one piece of the healthcare puzzle. It is my honor to be a part of the psychiatry puzzle piece because of the support and care I can provide patients when they are in a vulnerable state. Hearing patient’s stories, collaborating with them to find an individualized treatment plan, and walking through treatment with them from beginning to end is the reason I became a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner. I view each patient as a cornerstone member of their treatment team, collaborate with other providers, and prioritize the patient's individual treatment goals.
Psychiatry is one piece of the healthcare puzzle. It is my honor to be a part of the psychiatry puzzle piece because of the support and care I can provide patients when they are in a vulnerable state. Hearing patient’s stories, collaborating with them to find an individualized treatment plan, and walking through treatment with them from beginning to end is the reason I became a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner. I view each patient as a cornerstone member of their treatment team, collaborate with other providers, and prioritize the patient's individual treatment goals.

Asparkle Inclusive Care, LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP, BC
1 Endorsed
Cordova, TN 38016
Each individual comes with unique qualities and challenges, while teaming with you we will always strive to provide a holistic centered treatment plan
Each individual comes with unique qualities and challenges, while teaming with you we will always strive to provide a holistic centered treatment plan

Memphis native, Crystal Harris, is ANCC board certified as a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner with prescriptive authority in Tennessee. She received her Bachelor of Science in Nursing (2006) and Master of Science in Nursing as an Adult Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioner (2013) from Union University. Additionally, she holds a post-master’s certificate as a Family Nurse Practitioner from University of Massachusetts at Boston (2018).
Memphis native, Crystal Harris, is ANCC board certified as a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner with prescriptive authority in Tennessee. She received her Bachelor of Science in Nursing (2006) and Master of Science in Nursing as an Adult Gerontology Primary Care Nurse Practitioner (2013) from Union University. Additionally, she holds a post-master’s certificate as a Family Nurse Practitioner from University of Massachusetts at Boston (2018).

There continues to be stigmas with mental health. In my office I view mental health as a regular part of our routine healthcare needs just like any other medical need. My goal is for patients to participate in a non-judgmental session where they feel comfortable to be open and honest about their goals. As a provider, my goal is to provide a holistic treatment approach while respecting your autonomy, lifestyle, goals, spirituality, socioeconomic factors, and personal beliefs.
There continues to be stigmas with mental health. In my office I view mental health as a regular part of our routine healthcare needs just like any other medical need. My goal is for patients to participate in a non-judgmental session where they feel comfortable to be open and honest about their goals. As a provider, my goal is to provide a holistic treatment approach while respecting your autonomy, lifestyle, goals, spirituality, socioeconomic factors, and personal beliefs.

Our practice offers comprehensive mental health services to a diverse clientele. I work with individuals of all ages and backgrounds who experience a range of challenges, including anxiety, depression, difficulties with focus and attention, trauma, and other mental health conditions. My approach integrates both pharmacological and therapeutic interventions to provide clients with effective symptom relief and long-term well-being.
Our practice offers comprehensive mental health services to a diverse clientele. I work with individuals of all ages and backgrounds who experience a range of challenges, including anxiety, depression, difficulties with focus and attention, trauma, and other mental health conditions. My approach integrates both pharmacological and therapeutic interventions to provide clients with effective symptom relief and long-term well-being.

I am a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner with several years of experience in the lifespan of psychiatry. I have a passion for all patients and strive to develop an individualized plan of care to meet the specific needs of every patient that I service. I specialize in children, adolescents, adults, and geriatrics. I have a passion for PTSD, the neurodivergent population, and anyone truly needing a listening ear.
I am a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner with several years of experience in the lifespan of psychiatry. I have a passion for all patients and strive to develop an individualized plan of care to meet the specific needs of every patient that I service. I specialize in children, adolescents, adults, and geriatrics. I have a passion for PTSD, the neurodivergent population, and anyone truly needing a listening ear.

Mental health is at the center of and is a key component in your overall health and wellbeing. Your mood, behaviors and thinking patterns impact your overall health and wellness. It is appalling to see the stigma that we still see today associated with mental health. It is this stigma that causes misunderstanding, which in turn causes lack of education and eventually the fear of seeking treatment. My goal is to ensure that I give you a very attentive listening ear, take time to understand your needs, challenges, and provide comfort, reassurance, educate you, and give you solutions using best evidence based practice treatment.
Mental health is at the center of and is a key component in your overall health and wellbeing. Your mood, behaviors and thinking patterns impact your overall health and wellness. It is appalling to see the stigma that we still see today associated with mental health. It is this stigma that causes misunderstanding, which in turn causes lack of education and eventually the fear of seeking treatment. My goal is to ensure that I give you a very attentive listening ear, take time to understand your needs, challenges, and provide comfort, reassurance, educate you, and give you solutions using best evidence based practice treatment.

Not everyone has a mental illness, but we all have mental health, and we owe it to ourselves to manage our stress, and everyday anxieties which is why Asia Caldwell provides holistic and personalized mental health care for individuals of all ages, with a specialization in treating depression, anxiety, OCD, mood disorders, and much more. She hopes that as a board certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner that she is able to bridge the gap between mental health and health disparities in the community regardless of one's ethnicity, race, social status, income etc.
Not everyone has a mental illness, but we all have mental health, and we owe it to ourselves to manage our stress, and everyday anxieties which is why Asia Caldwell provides holistic and personalized mental health care for individuals of all ages, with a specialization in treating depression, anxiety, OCD, mood disorders, and much more. She hopes that as a board certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner that she is able to bridge the gap between mental health and health disparities in the community regardless of one's ethnicity, race, social status, income etc.

Hi! My name is Matthew Brown and I am a board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I graduated with my MSN in 2022. I work with children starting at 6 years old all the way up to geriatrics. I am here to help you lead a more fulfilling life as we navigate this world of mental health. Let’s get started!
Hi! My name is Matthew Brown and I am a board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I graduated with my MSN in 2022. I work with children starting at 6 years old all the way up to geriatrics. I am here to help you lead a more fulfilling life as we navigate this world of mental health. Let’s get started!

You may be feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, or the ups and downs of bipolar disorder. Perhaps you're seeking support to manage ADHD or navigate the complexities of other mental health challenges. You want a provider who truly listens, respects your unique journey, and collaborates with you to develop a plan for a better quality of life. Together, we can create a safe and supportive space to explore your concerns, set achievable goals, and find solutions that work for you.
You may be feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, or the ups and downs of bipolar disorder. Perhaps you're seeking support to manage ADHD or navigate the complexities of other mental health challenges. You want a provider who truly listens, respects your unique journey, and collaborates with you to develop a plan for a better quality of life. Together, we can create a safe and supportive space to explore your concerns, set achievable goals, and find solutions that work for you.

My goal is to ensure that every client I see feels truly seen, heard, understood, and cared for with a personalized approach. Many patients share that their biggest frustration in healthcare is feeling rushed by providers. At Pathways, you are never just a number. Our mission is to help you feel valued for who you are. We aim to meet you where you are and support you as you move forward on your journey through life. We usually see all new patients within a few days from the date of the referral and accept most insurance plans except TennCare. Reach out to us today for an assessment.
My goal is to ensure that every client I see feels truly seen, heard, understood, and cared for with a personalized approach. Many patients share that their biggest frustration in healthcare is feeling rushed by providers. At Pathways, you are never just a number. Our mission is to help you feel valued for who you are. We aim to meet you where you are and support you as you move forward on your journey through life. We usually see all new patients within a few days from the date of the referral and accept most insurance plans except TennCare. Reach out to us today for an assessment.

Kristin Stewart
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP
1 Endorsed
Cordova, TN 38018
Waitlist for new clients
I am a board certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner with over 20 years of experience in the mental health field in various capacities. I have treated patients of all ages with a variety of mental illnesses ranging from depression and anxiety to severe thought and mood disorders and psychosis. My main focus is on medication management in combination with brief supportive psychotherapy. My goal is to provide my clients with the tools to improve functioning in their daily lives.
I am a board certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner with over 20 years of experience in the mental health field in various capacities. I have treated patients of all ages with a variety of mental illnesses ranging from depression and anxiety to severe thought and mood disorders and psychosis. My main focus is on medication management in combination with brief supportive psychotherapy. My goal is to provide my clients with the tools to improve functioning in their daily lives.

Chaniqua Smith is a board-certified nurse practitioner specializing in psychiatric care across the lifespan. She is licensed to practice in Mississippi and Tennessee. Chaniqua is originally from Oxford, MS and completed her post graduate degree at the University of Mississippi Medical Center- Jackson, MS.
Chaniqua’s medical background includes medical-surgical care, hospice, oncology, addiction and recovery, acute and LTC, and behavioral health inpatient and outpatient care. She is passionate about mental health and improving the overall well-being of those she treats.
Chaniqua Smith is a board-certified nurse practitioner specializing in psychiatric care across the lifespan. She is licensed to practice in Mississippi and Tennessee. Chaniqua is originally from Oxford, MS and completed her post graduate degree at the University of Mississippi Medical Center- Jackson, MS.
Chaniqua’s medical background includes medical-surgical care, hospice, oncology, addiction and recovery, acute and LTC, and behavioral health inpatient and outpatient care. She is passionate about mental health and improving the overall well-being of those she treats.

My goal is to help people in need to achieve mental wellness. While meeting each patient where they are on their journey to a stronger healthier mental well-being. Assisting with symptoms of depression, anxiety and ADHD, PTSD, mood disorders and various other mental health concerns. I have been in healthcare for over 20 years. In those 20 years I have delveloped the skill to listen and strive to understand what my patients are going through. I want people to know that they are not alone. That someone cares and is willing to help. I see patients across the lifespan. Ages 6 years through 99 years.
My goal is to help people in need to achieve mental wellness. While meeting each patient where they are on their journey to a stronger healthier mental well-being. Assisting with symptoms of depression, anxiety and ADHD, PTSD, mood disorders and various other mental health concerns. I have been in healthcare for over 20 years. In those 20 years I have delveloped the skill to listen and strive to understand what my patients are going through. I want people to know that they are not alone. That someone cares and is willing to help. I see patients across the lifespan. Ages 6 years through 99 years.

At Drop N Swap Psychiatry in Cordova, Tennessee, the board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, Kendra Butler, PMHNP-BC, provides holistic and integrative care for all adults 18 and above. Kendra has a passion for connecting with her patients. She conducts comprehensive evaluations, takes thorough medical histories, and listens to their story. This approach helps her create personalized mental health wellness plans. Her extensive experience includes managing depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and mood disorders. She provides concise and effective therapy and medication management plans.
At Drop N Swap Psychiatry in Cordova, Tennessee, the board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, Kendra Butler, PMHNP-BC, provides holistic and integrative care for all adults 18 and above. Kendra has a passion for connecting with her patients. She conducts comprehensive evaluations, takes thorough medical histories, and listens to their story. This approach helps her create personalized mental health wellness plans. Her extensive experience includes managing depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and mood disorders. She provides concise and effective therapy and medication management plans.

Sometimes life is not easy or as you expected. You may experience challenges and speed bumps along the way which may feel unmanageable. There is help available. I provide compassionate empathetic outpatient person-centered services in a professional setting. As we work together to develop an individualized therapeutic plan of care, we develop goals and ways to reduce your symptoms and improve your daily quality of life.
Sometimes life is not easy or as you expected. You may experience challenges and speed bumps along the way which may feel unmanageable. There is help available. I provide compassionate empathetic outpatient person-centered services in a professional setting. As we work together to develop an individualized therapeutic plan of care, we develop goals and ways to reduce your symptoms and improve your daily quality of life.

As a Board Certified Psychiatrist, specializing in Geriatric Psychiatry, I focus on the mental health challenges and needs of patients 65 years old and older, as well as, patients 55 years old or older with cognitive decline. My specialized training allows me to understand the complex interactions between physical and mental health. I recognize that aging can bring about a range of concerns from depression to anxiety to cognitive decline and dementia, which is why I approach each of my patients with compassion, patience and a deep understanding of the unique challenges they encounter.
As a Board Certified Psychiatrist, specializing in Geriatric Psychiatry, I focus on the mental health challenges and needs of patients 65 years old and older, as well as, patients 55 years old or older with cognitive decline. My specialized training allows me to understand the complex interactions between physical and mental health. I recognize that aging can bring about a range of concerns from depression to anxiety to cognitive decline and dementia, which is why I approach each of my patients with compassion, patience and a deep understanding of the unique challenges they encounter.

We believe that it should not be hard to get through each day and be able to live the life you deserve. There is hope. At Synergy Psychiatry and Wellness Group we offer psychiatric evaluations, and medication treatment options for clients struggling with depression, anxiety, PTSD, bipolar disorder, Schizophrenia and many other psychiatric challenges.
We believe that it should not be hard to get through each day and be able to live the life you deserve. There is hope. At Synergy Psychiatry and Wellness Group we offer psychiatric evaluations, and medication treatment options for clients struggling with depression, anxiety, PTSD, bipolar disorder, Schizophrenia and many other psychiatric challenges.
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Number of Psychiatrists in Cordova, TN
20+
Average cost per session
$225
Psychiatrists in Cordova, TN who prioritize treating:
92% | Depression |
92% | Anxiety |
88% | ADHD |
88% | Bipolar Disorder |
72% | Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) |
72% | Medication Management |
68% | Trauma and PTSD |
Average years in practice
10 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
100% | Aetna |
100% | Cigna and Evernorth |
85% | Optum |
How Psychiatrists in Cordova, TN see their clients
80% | In Person and Online | |
20% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
87% | Female | |
13% | Male |
FAQs - About Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Nurses
How can I find a psychiatrist in Cordova?
The Psychology Today Directory enables users to search specifically for psychiatrists by selecting the provider type from the drop-down menu, and filtering results by city, zip code, or the psychiatrist's name. The search results feature detailed profiles that outline each professional's treatment approach, areas of expertise, credentials, fees, payment options, and accepted insurance. Results include both psychiatrists (MDs) and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), who hold advanced practice nursing degrees. Users can refine their search for a specific type of psychiatric provider using the "Provider Type" filter.
What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?
Psychiatrists are medical specialists dedicated to understanding, diagnosing, and treating brain disorders and mental health conditions. As physicians, they are trained to identify the often subtle biological factors underlying mental disorders and to monitor how mental health treatments may impact other physical conditions, such as heart disease. Psychiatrists are licensed to prescribe medication and typically conduct shorter sessions that focus on medication management rather than intensive psychotherapy.
In contrast, psychologists are particularly attuned to the impact of early experiences on development, behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes. They often take a holistic approach to assessing and treating clients, considering aspects of personality and social functioning. Although psychologists cannot prescribe medication, they are frequently skilled in administering psychological tests—such as IQ tests, personality assessments, and behavioral evaluations—to assess an individual's functioning. Psychologists often engage in longer, more psychotherapy-focused sessions compared to psychiatrists.
In contrast, psychologists are particularly attuned to the impact of early experiences on development, behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes. They often take a holistic approach to assessing and treating clients, considering aspects of personality and social functioning. Although psychologists cannot prescribe medication, they are frequently skilled in administering psychological tests—such as IQ tests, personality assessments, and behavioral evaluations—to assess an individual's functioning. Psychologists often engage in longer, more psychotherapy-focused sessions compared to psychiatrists.
What is a psychiatric nurse practitioner and what is the difference with a psychiatrist?
A psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), also known as a mental health nurse practitioner or psychiatric nurse practitioner, is an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who has completed advanced training in psychiatric care, earning at least a master’s degree in psychiatric nursing. To become Board-Certified (PMHNP-BC), psychiatric nurse practitioners must also pass a national exam that tests their clinical psychiatric knowledge.
Like psychiatrists, PMHNPs are trained to assess, diagnose, and treat mental health conditions. However, PMHNPs and psychiatrists differ in their training experience. While PMHNPs can complete their credentialing requirements (full bachelor's and master's degree training) in as few as 6 years, psychiatrists often spend upwards of 12 years to complete their bachelor's, medical doctorate degree, and residency training requirements. Because of training differences, some states require PMHNPs to be supervised by or enter into a collaborative agreement with a physician in order to prescribe medication.
When deciding to work with a psychiatrist or PMHNP, clients should consider factors such therapeutic fit, cost, and availability. Psychiatrists may have more substantial training in treating more severe psychiatric conditions, as well as in providing more specialized treatment services, such as child psychiatry. However, psychiatrists may be inaccessible to some clients, as their cost and availability may be prohibitive. It can often be easier for clients to find a PMHNP with openings for new clients when compared to psychiatrists, and PMHNPs may also offer lower cost treatment options for clients looking to minimize out-of-pocket costs.
Like psychiatrists, PMHNPs are trained to assess, diagnose, and treat mental health conditions. However, PMHNPs and psychiatrists differ in their training experience. While PMHNPs can complete their credentialing requirements (full bachelor's and master's degree training) in as few as 6 years, psychiatrists often spend upwards of 12 years to complete their bachelor's, medical doctorate degree, and residency training requirements. Because of training differences, some states require PMHNPs to be supervised by or enter into a collaborative agreement with a physician in order to prescribe medication.
When deciding to work with a psychiatrist or PMHNP, clients should consider factors such therapeutic fit, cost, and availability. Psychiatrists may have more substantial training in treating more severe psychiatric conditions, as well as in providing more specialized treatment services, such as child psychiatry. However, psychiatrists may be inaccessible to some clients, as their cost and availability may be prohibitive. It can often be easier for clients to find a PMHNP with openings for new clients when compared to psychiatrists, and PMHNPs may also offer lower cost treatment options for clients looking to minimize out-of-pocket costs.
Can a psychiatrist or a PMHNP prescribe medication?
The Psychology Today directory features two primary types of psychiatric professionals: psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs). Both are generally authorized to prescribe psychiatric medications. In 28 states, PMHNPs have full practice authority, allowing them to provide the complete spectrum of psychiatric care, including independent medication prescribing and management. In other states, however, PMHNPs are required to work under the supervision or in collaboration with a physician to prescribe medication. Both psychiatrists and PMHNPs may also offer additional services, such as psychotherapy, counseling, and care coordination, for clients seeking psychiatric care.
Do psychiatrists or PMHNPs offer therapy?
Both psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) are generally trained in a number of treatment modalities, including traditional psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), pharmacotherapy, and, occasionally, various somatic therapies. Typically, psychiatrists and PMHNPs make a diagnosis and determine a course of treatment based on chemical or biological factors, using lab tests, brain scans and physical and psychological evaluations.
While psychotherapy may be used in the first session to aid in diagnosis, it is not typically utilized in subsequent visits. In fact, after the introductory session, most psychiatry sessions may only be 15-20 minutes in length and are largely focused on medication management; this is frequently the case for both psychiatrists and PMHNPs. However, medication providers who do not offer psychotherapy usually work collaboratively with psychologists and other mental health clinicians who do offer these services, and they can refer clients seeking more traditional psychotherapy services to their care.
While psychotherapy may be used in the first session to aid in diagnosis, it is not typically utilized in subsequent visits. In fact, after the introductory session, most psychiatry sessions may only be 15-20 minutes in length and are largely focused on medication management; this is frequently the case for both psychiatrists and PMHNPs. However, medication providers who do not offer psychotherapy usually work collaboratively with psychologists and other mental health clinicians who do offer these services, and they can refer clients seeking more traditional psychotherapy services to their care.
How do I know if I need a psychiatrist, a PMHNP, or a therapist?
It is not always easy to know which type of mental health practitioner to choose. Many people are unaware of the root of their mental or behavioral problem and may be unaware of the differences in support provided by various mental health professionals. One way many people learn which type of care is best for them is by seeing their primary care provider (PCP) first. Depending on the nature and severity of the symptoms, the PCP may review their medical history and provide guidance or a referral to the appropriate type of provider.
A referral to a psychiatrist or PMHNP is most often made when a client is in need of psychiatric medication management or assessment. These professionals are specifically trained to prescribe psychiatric medications, when necessary, for a client; however, they generally do not provide supportive psychotherapy on an ongoing basis. A therapist or psychologist, in contrast, can provide supportive psychotherapy but is unable to prescribe medications. Because of their unique roles, some clients see both a medication prescriber (either a psychiatrist or PMHNP) and a therapist at the same time to address their psychiatric concerns holistically. Many psychiatrists and psychologists are very open to referring clients to other professionals if unable to meet the client's needs or if they think the client could use additional support from a different type of professional.
A referral to a psychiatrist or PMHNP is most often made when a client is in need of psychiatric medication management or assessment. These professionals are specifically trained to prescribe psychiatric medications, when necessary, for a client; however, they generally do not provide supportive psychotherapy on an ongoing basis. A therapist or psychologist, in contrast, can provide supportive psychotherapy but is unable to prescribe medications. Because of their unique roles, some clients see both a medication prescriber (either a psychiatrist or PMHNP) and a therapist at the same time to address their psychiatric concerns holistically. Many psychiatrists and psychologists are very open to referring clients to other professionals if unable to meet the client's needs or if they think the client could use additional support from a different type of professional.
Do I need a referral to see a psychiatrist or a PMHNP?
A referral to a psychiatrist or psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) is often not required. However, consulting your primary care physician (PCP) first can be beneficial and may streamline the process of getting the care you need. Your PCP can help determine whether psychiatric care is necessary or if another type of mental health support might be more appropriate. Additionally, some insurance plans require a PCP referral to cover part or all of the costs associated with seeing a specialist. Obtaining a referral can also expedite the appointment process, particularly in areas with provider shortages or for clients seeking specialists in fields like child psychiatry.
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed professional?
Yes, all professionals listed in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory are licensed to provide mental health services in the state(s) where they practice. The directory includes a variety of providers such as psychiatrists, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), physician assistants, psychologists, social workers, and counselors. Each provider must hold a valid license issued by their state regulatory body to be listed. In addition, Psychology Today offers a verification process for certain providers, signified by a 'Verified' symbol next to their profile. This badge indicates that the provider’s primary credential or license has been independently verified by Psychology Today.