Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) Psychiatrists in Bethel Park, PA

Photo of Dr. Michael Rosen, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Michael Rosen
Psychiatrist, MD
Serves Area
I have extensive experience in treating those with complex disorders, especially individuals with bipolar disorder, OCD, and psychotic disorders, as well as eating disorders, gender and sexual issues, autism spectrum disorder, and other developmental disorders, and perhaps my favorite condition to treat, ADHD.
The ideal client is quite simply someone who truly wants help. Someone who is willing to work where the goal is to live the best life, reach the goals one seeks, and to enjoy the journey. The details of how that is done of course depends on the individual's station at the time one seeks help.
I have extensive experience in treating those with complex disorders, especially individuals with bipolar disorder, OCD, and psychotic disorders, as well as eating disorders, gender and sexual issues, autism spectrum disorder, and other developmental disorders, and perhaps my favorite condition to treat, ADHD.
The ideal client is quite simply someone who truly wants help. Someone who is willing to work where the goal is to live the best life, reach the goals one seeks, and to enjoy the journey. The details of how that is done of course depends on the individual's station at the time one seeks help.
(724) 492-4056 View (724) 492-4056
Photo of Shannon Bucciarelli, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP, B-C
Shannon Bucciarelli
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP, B-C
Serves Area
My ideal client would understand that the journey to wellness and recovery requires time, effort, and patience. They would be receptive to treatment suggestions which may include psychotherapy, behavioral interventions, and medication options. My patients would take an active role in their care, and engage in open and honest communication with their provider.
My ideal client would understand that the journey to wellness and recovery requires time, effort, and patience. They would be receptive to treatment suggestions which may include psychotherapy, behavioral interventions, and medication options. My patients would take an active role in their care, and engage in open and honest communication with their provider.
(724) 542-8615 View (724) 542-8615
Photo of David W. Volk - Volk Psychiatry, Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Volk Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Serves Area
Volk Psychiatry is a private psychiatric practice located in the South Hills region of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Volk Psychiatry is a private psychiatric practice located in the South Hills region of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
(412) 455-8440 View (412) 455-8440
Photo of Samantha Pavlick, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, WHNP
Samantha Pavlick
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, WHNP
Serves Area
Samantha Pavlick is a board certified Psychiatric and Mental Health NP as well as a Women's Health NP. She earned her MSN at the University of Pennsylvania and post-masters certificate in mental health from Robert Morris University. She has extensive experience in women's health and a special interest in women's behavioral health as well as reproductive psychiatry. She works with women of all ages to address the unique concerns that can present during a woman's life. Samantha is trained in providing TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) and Spravato.
Samantha Pavlick is a board certified Psychiatric and Mental Health NP as well as a Women's Health NP. She earned her MSN at the University of Pennsylvania and post-masters certificate in mental health from Robert Morris University. She has extensive experience in women's health and a special interest in women's behavioral health as well as reproductive psychiatry. She works with women of all ages to address the unique concerns that can present during a woman's life. Samantha is trained in providing TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) and Spravato.
(412) 923-6070 View (412) 923-6070
Photo of Priya Amari, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, FNP, PMHNPBC
Priya Amari
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, FNP, PMHNPBC
Serves Area
Priya Amari, FNP-BC, PMHNP-BC, is a dual-certified Family Nurse Practitioner and Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner who brings both clinical expertise and a personal touch to mental health care. Priya believes that healing starts with feeling seen and understood, and she makes it a priority to create a space where patients feel safe, respected, and genuinely cared for. Her approach blends traditional and innovative methods—incorporating medication management alongside therapeutic techniques like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), motivational interviewing, and EMDR. She collaborates closely with patients and care teams
Priya Amari, FNP-BC, PMHNP-BC, is a dual-certified Family Nurse Practitioner and Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner who brings both clinical expertise and a personal touch to mental health care. Priya believes that healing starts with feeling seen and understood, and she makes it a priority to create a space where patients feel safe, respected, and genuinely cared for. Her approach blends traditional and innovative methods—incorporating medication management alongside therapeutic techniques like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), motivational interviewing, and EMDR. She collaborates closely with patients and care teams
(484) 759-7908 View (484) 759-7908
Photo of Allen Masry, Psychiatrist, MD
Allen Masry
Psychiatrist, MD
Serves Area
I am Board Certified in Adult Psychiatry and have been practicing since 2005. I completed my residency from Tufts University in Boston, Massachusetts and my Fellowship in Addictions from the Robert Johnson Wood Foundation. In 2014, I was featured in SJ Magazine as one of New Jersey’s top psychiatrists. I have experience working with adults as well as adolescents suffering from both psychiatric diagnosis and substance use disorders and have extensive experience working in both out-patient and in-patient settings.
I am Board Certified in Adult Psychiatry and have been practicing since 2005. I completed my residency from Tufts University in Boston, Massachusetts and my Fellowship in Addictions from the Robert Johnson Wood Foundation. In 2014, I was featured in SJ Magazine as one of New Jersey’s top psychiatrists. I have experience working with adults as well as adolescents suffering from both psychiatric diagnosis and substance use disorders and have extensive experience working in both out-patient and in-patient settings.
(724) 803-7227 View (724) 803-7227

More Psychiatrists Nearby

Photo of Joshua Riley, Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Joshua Riley
Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Member of the International OCD Federation and the Association for the Advancement of Philosophy and Psychiatry.
I am currently accepting new patients at this time. My approach is collaborative and non-directive, and I act as someone who can help identify possible routes through the challenges of your life but will not insist that you must choose a particular path. I am a consultant for you and what troubles you, and together we can identify what it is you care about in life and makes it worth living, what is standing in the way, and how medications and psychotherapy might be able to help you pursue the former and overcome the later.
Member of the International OCD Federation and the Association for the Advancement of Philosophy and Psychiatry.
I am currently accepting new patients at this time. My approach is collaborative and non-directive, and I act as someone who can help identify possible routes through the challenges of your life but will not insist that you must choose a particular path. I am a consultant for you and what troubles you, and together we can identify what it is you care about in life and makes it worth living, what is standing in the way, and how medications and psychotherapy might be able to help you pursue the former and overcome the later.
(878) 217-0947 View (878) 217-0947
Photo of Holly Brady, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Holly Brady
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
Her niche is treating OCD and anxiety & common comorbidities.
Dr. Brady is highly specialized in treating individuals with OCD. She worked for Rogers Behavioral Health for approx. 7 years, both as an RN and for the past two + years as a PMHNP treating adults and children/adolescents with OCD that require a higher level of care due to the severity of symptoms and impairment in their daily functioning.
Her niche is treating OCD and anxiety & common comorbidities.
Dr. Brady is highly specialized in treating individuals with OCD. She worked for Rogers Behavioral Health for approx. 7 years, both as an RN and for the past two + years as a PMHNP treating adults and children/adolescents with OCD that require a higher level of care due to the severity of symptoms and impairment in their daily functioning.
(484) 939-9914 View (484) 939-9914
Photo of Michael Rosen, Psychiatrist, MD
Michael Rosen
Psychiatrist, MD
Pleasant Hills, PA 15236
I have extensive experience in treating those with complex disorders, especially individuals with bipolar disorder, OCD, and psychotic disorders, as well as eating disorders, gender and sexual issues, autism spectrum disorder, and other developmental disorders, and perhaps my favorite condition to treat, ADHD.
The ideal client is quite simply someone who truly wants help. Someone who is willing to work where the goal is to live the best life, reach the goals one seeks, and to enjoy the journey. The details of how that is done of course depends on the individual's station at the time one seeks help.
I have extensive experience in treating those with complex disorders, especially individuals with bipolar disorder, OCD, and psychotic disorders, as well as eating disorders, gender and sexual issues, autism spectrum disorder, and other developmental disorders, and perhaps my favorite condition to treat, ADHD.
The ideal client is quite simply someone who truly wants help. Someone who is willing to work where the goal is to live the best life, reach the goals one seeks, and to enjoy the journey. The details of how that is done of course depends on the individual's station at the time one seeks help.
(412) 213-9350 View (412) 213-9350
Photo of Dr. Monica L Garrick Drago, Psychiatrist, MD, MSW, MJ
Dr. Monica L Garrick Drago
Psychiatrist, MD, MSW, MJ
2 Endorsed
Seven Fields, PA 16046
I specialize in ADHD, Anxiety, Grief, Trichotillomania, Mood Disorders, OCD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Dermatillomania/Excoriation Disorder, and Trauma.
My ideal clients are children (as young as 3), adults, and families. Parental involvement is crucial in therapy for children, and I advocate for supporting children with learning disabilities. I also have a strong history of helping students and parents navigate their educational rights, including at the college level. I mediate custody arrangements and troubled parent relationships, and I support parents dealing with behavioral difficulties in children or adolescents. My goal is to teach you that you will do well if you can; if you can’t, there is an issue that requires help with an emphasis on skills and understanding.
I specialize in ADHD, Anxiety, Grief, Trichotillomania, Mood Disorders, OCD, Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Dermatillomania/Excoriation Disorder, and Trauma.
My ideal clients are children (as young as 3), adults, and families. Parental involvement is crucial in therapy for children, and I advocate for supporting children with learning disabilities. I also have a strong history of helping students and parents navigate their educational rights, including at the college level. I mediate custody arrangements and troubled parent relationships, and I support parents dealing with behavioral difficulties in children or adolescents. My goal is to teach you that you will do well if you can; if you can’t, there is an issue that requires help with an emphasis on skills and understanding.
(724) 401-4366 View (724) 401-4366
Photo of Michael Rosen, Psychiatrist, MD
Michael Rosen
Psychiatrist, MD
West Homestead, PA 15120
I have extensive experience in treating those with complex disorders, especially individuals with bipolar disorder, OCD, and psychotic disorders, as well as eating disorders, gender and sexual issues, autism spectrum disorder, and other developmental disorders, and perhaps my favorite condition to treat, ADHD.
The ideal client is quite simply someone who truly wants help. Someone who is willing to work where the goal is to live the best life, reach the goals one seeks, and to enjoy the journey. The details of how that is done of course depends on the individual's station at the time one seeks help.
I have extensive experience in treating those with complex disorders, especially individuals with bipolar disorder, OCD, and psychotic disorders, as well as eating disorders, gender and sexual issues, autism spectrum disorder, and other developmental disorders, and perhaps my favorite condition to treat, ADHD.
The ideal client is quite simply someone who truly wants help. Someone who is willing to work where the goal is to live the best life, reach the goals one seeks, and to enjoy the journey. The details of how that is done of course depends on the individual's station at the time one seeks help.
(412) 754-4741 View (412) 754-4741
Photo of Dr. Michael Rosen, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Michael Rosen
Psychiatrist, MD
Pittsburgh, PA 15203
I have extensive experience in treating those with complex disorders, especially individuals with bipolar disorder, OCD, and psychotic disorders, as well as eating disorders, gender and sexual issues, autism spectrum disorder, and other developmental disorders, and perhaps my favorite condition to treat, ADHD.
The ideal client is quite simply someone who truly wants help. Someone who is willing to work where the goal is to live the best life, reach the goals one seeks, and to enjoy the journey. The details of how that is done of course depends on the individual's station at the time one seeks help.
I have extensive experience in treating those with complex disorders, especially individuals with bipolar disorder, OCD, and psychotic disorders, as well as eating disorders, gender and sexual issues, autism spectrum disorder, and other developmental disorders, and perhaps my favorite condition to treat, ADHD.
The ideal client is quite simply someone who truly wants help. Someone who is willing to work where the goal is to live the best life, reach the goals one seeks, and to enjoy the journey. The details of how that is done of course depends on the individual's station at the time one seeks help.
(412) 500-9581 View (412) 500-9581
Photo of Dr. Nicole Brynes, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP
Dr. Nicole Brynes
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP
4 Endorsed
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
Passionate about evidence-based, outcomes-driven care, she has worked with children & adults with mood & anxiety disorders, eating disorders, OCD, pediatric ADHD, sleep disorders, autism & trauma.
Dr. Nicole Brynes, DNP, PMHNP-BC, provides psychiatric medication management, consultation & diagnostic evaluations for children, adolescents & adults to help you achieve your highest potential. Perhaps you are interested in learning what medications might be options for you or your loved one, want a second opinion, or are ready to start regular medication management with an experienced provider. Please note that in accordance with the Ryan-Haight Act, she does not prescribe controlled substances (including stimulants or benzodiazepines) to those outside of Pennsylvania or Maine. She is licensed currently in PA, MD, RI, VT, and ME.
Passionate about evidence-based, outcomes-driven care, she has worked with children & adults with mood & anxiety disorders, eating disorders, OCD, pediatric ADHD, sleep disorders, autism & trauma.
Dr. Nicole Brynes, DNP, PMHNP-BC, provides psychiatric medication management, consultation & diagnostic evaluations for children, adolescents & adults to help you achieve your highest potential. Perhaps you are interested in learning what medications might be options for you or your loved one, want a second opinion, or are ready to start regular medication management with an experienced provider. Please note that in accordance with the Ryan-Haight Act, she does not prescribe controlled substances (including stimulants or benzodiazepines) to those outside of Pennsylvania or Maine. She is licensed currently in PA, MD, RI, VT, and ME.
(412) 838-3773 View (412) 838-3773
Photo of Dr. Axeline Johnson, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Axeline Johnson
Psychiatrist, MD
Pittsburgh, PA 15232
She is welcoming new patients seeking professional help for anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, OCD, PTSD, ADHD and other mental health concerns.
In providing treatment, Dr. Johnson understands that everyone's needs are unique depending on their particular biology, life experiences, and current stage in life. She is honored to journey together with her patients as they find the balance between acceptance and change, and as they make their way in healing, peace and feeling better.
She is welcoming new patients seeking professional help for anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, OCD, PTSD, ADHD and other mental health concerns.
In providing treatment, Dr. Johnson understands that everyone's needs are unique depending on their particular biology, life experiences, and current stage in life. She is honored to journey together with her patients as they find the balance between acceptance and change, and as they make their way in healing, peace and feeling better.
View
Photo of Catherine Mazzie, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, CRNP, FNP-C, PMHNPBC
Catherine Mazzie
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, CRNP, FNP-C, PMHNPBC
West Homestead, PA 15120
My clients experience a range of mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, adjustment disorder, mood disorders, ADHD, OCD, PTSD, or drug or alcohol addiction that leads them to feel disconnected from themselves or others.
I can offer psychiatric medication options, medication-assisted treatment, as well as non-pharmacologic interventions like therapeutic techniques, psychoeducation, or supplements targeted to your unique healthcare needs. My experience collaborating with other healthcare team members is another way to offer you the best possible care.
My clients experience a range of mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, adjustment disorder, mood disorders, ADHD, OCD, PTSD, or drug or alcohol addiction that leads them to feel disconnected from themselves or others.
I can offer psychiatric medication options, medication-assisted treatment, as well as non-pharmacologic interventions like therapeutic techniques, psychoeducation, or supplements targeted to your unique healthcare needs. My experience collaborating with other healthcare team members is another way to offer you the best possible care.
(412) 203-9686 View (412) 203-9686
Photo of Chikodili Obi, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, CRNP, PMHNP
Chikodili Obi
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, CRNP, PMHNP
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Specialities: Depression, Anxiety, ADD/ADHD, Anger Management, Sleep disorder, Substance Use / Addiction, Bipolar Disorder, Eating Disorders, OCD, PTSD, Relationship Issues, Trauma, Women's Issues, Stress, Maternal Mental Health, Family Issues, Grief, Loss, and Men's Issues
Great to meet you! Chikodili Obi is a board certified psychiatric nurse practitioner (PMHNP-BC) who graduated from Wilkes University. She is enthusiastic about providing quality, evidence based psychiatric care across the life span. Chikodili possesses strong clinical skills necessary to establish and build relationships with patients She specializes in treatment of depression, anxiety, ADHD, panic disorder, bipolar disorder, PTSD, borderline personality disorder, psychosis and mood disorders.
Specialities: Depression, Anxiety, ADD/ADHD, Anger Management, Sleep disorder, Substance Use / Addiction, Bipolar Disorder, Eating Disorders, OCD, PTSD, Relationship Issues, Trauma, Women's Issues, Stress, Maternal Mental Health, Family Issues, Grief, Loss, and Men's Issues
Great to meet you! Chikodili Obi is a board certified psychiatric nurse practitioner (PMHNP-BC) who graduated from Wilkes University. She is enthusiastic about providing quality, evidence based psychiatric care across the life span. Chikodili possesses strong clinical skills necessary to establish and build relationships with patients She specializes in treatment of depression, anxiety, ADHD, panic disorder, bipolar disorder, PTSD, borderline personality disorder, psychosis and mood disorders.
(610) 510-6813 View (610) 510-6813
Photo of Julie Palmer, Psychiatric Nurse, DNP, PMHNP
Julie Palmer
Psychiatric Nurse, DNP, PMHNP
Bridgeville, PA 15017
Her work with adults encompasses a wide spectrum of mental health challenges, including bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and sleep disorders.
Julie Palmer, DNP, PMHNP-BC, is committed to providing compassionate psychiatric care to individuals across Pennsylvania. With a focus on creating a safe and supportive environment, Julie collaborates closely with her clients to develop personalized care plans that address their unique mental health needs. She recognizes that each person's journey is different and emphasizes a holistic approach that fosters resilience and promotes overall well-being. Julie specializes in treating a range of conditions including anxiety, depression, ADHD, and PTSD. She is particularly passionate about working with individuals struggling with ADHD.
Her work with adults encompasses a wide spectrum of mental health challenges, including bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and sleep disorders.
Julie Palmer, DNP, PMHNP-BC, is committed to providing compassionate psychiatric care to individuals across Pennsylvania. With a focus on creating a safe and supportive environment, Julie collaborates closely with her clients to develop personalized care plans that address their unique mental health needs. She recognizes that each person's journey is different and emphasizes a holistic approach that fosters resilience and promotes overall well-being. Julie specializes in treating a range of conditions including anxiety, depression, ADHD, and PTSD. She is particularly passionate about working with individuals struggling with ADHD.
(412) 351-9820 View (412) 351-9820
Photo of Hannah Covalesky, Physician Assistant, PA-C
Hannah Covalesky
Physician Assistant, PA-C
Pittsburgh, PA 15217
With experience managing anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, and postpartum challenges; coupled with her comforting demeanor and evidence-based medicine approach, Hannah strives to provide a safe, supporting, and collaborative space for patients to work toward their goals in mental health.
With great interest in Psychology and Psychiatry and passion to work in mental health, upon completing her undergraduate degree in Health Science and Psychology, Hannah Covalesky went on to earn her Master degree in Physician Assistant at Seton Hill University with the plan of focusing on Psychiatry. Before joining the Nexus Group team, Hannah worked in emergency medicine where she gained valuable experience managing broad base of patients with full spectrum of medical and mental health conditions and needs. The experience further fosters her strong desire to work in psychiatry helping patients with mental health needs.
With experience managing anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, and postpartum challenges; coupled with her comforting demeanor and evidence-based medicine approach, Hannah strives to provide a safe, supporting, and collaborative space for patients to work toward their goals in mental health.
With great interest in Psychology and Psychiatry and passion to work in mental health, upon completing her undergraduate degree in Health Science and Psychology, Hannah Covalesky went on to earn her Master degree in Physician Assistant at Seton Hill University with the plan of focusing on Psychiatry. Before joining the Nexus Group team, Hannah worked in emergency medicine where she gained valuable experience managing broad base of patients with full spectrum of medical and mental health conditions and needs. The experience further fosters her strong desire to work in psychiatry helping patients with mental health needs.
(412) 214-0042 View (412) 214-0042
Photo of Catherine Mazzie, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, CRNP, FNP-C, PMHNPBC
Catherine Mazzie
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, CRNP, FNP-C, PMHNPBC
Pittsburgh, PA 15203
My clients experience a range of mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, adjustment disorder, mood disorders, ADHD, OCD, PTSD, or drug or alcohol addiction that leads them to feel disconnected from themselves or others.
I can offer psychiatric medication options, medication-assisted treatment, as well as non-pharmacologic interventions like therapeutic techniques, psychoeducation, or supplements targeted to your unique healthcare needs. My experience collaborating with other healthcare team members is another way to offer you the best possible care.
My clients experience a range of mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, adjustment disorder, mood disorders, ADHD, OCD, PTSD, or drug or alcohol addiction that leads them to feel disconnected from themselves or others.
I can offer psychiatric medication options, medication-assisted treatment, as well as non-pharmacologic interventions like therapeutic techniques, psychoeducation, or supplements targeted to your unique healthcare needs. My experience collaborating with other healthcare team members is another way to offer you the best possible care.
(412) 981-2148 View (412) 981-2148
Photo of Kathleen Mcewen, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CRNP
Kathleen Mcewen
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CRNP
Online Only
We treat mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, insomnia, and eating disorders
Utilizing the power of technology, we provide tailored treatment plans and expert medication management designed specifically for your unique needs. Our secure telehealth platform ensures that you can access the help you need at your convenience, eliminating the barriers of distance and time.
We treat mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, insomnia, and eating disorders
Utilizing the power of technology, we provide tailored treatment plans and expert medication management designed specifically for your unique needs. Our secure telehealth platform ensures that you can access the help you need at your convenience, eliminating the barriers of distance and time.
(724) 306-6932 View (724) 306-6932

See more therapy options for Bethel Park

Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) Psychiatrists

How long does OCD treatment take?

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is often treated on a weekly or twice-weekly schedule, depending on symptom severity and the client’s preferences. Some clients may start to see a noticeable improvement in symptoms in as little as six weeks, but it’s also possible, especially in more severe cases, for treatment to take several months to a year before significant progress is made.

What happens if OCD is not treated?

Some people with OCD, especially those with mild symptoms, may find that they are able to adapt reasonably well to life with the condition, even if their symptoms never resolve completely. However, many people, particularly those whose symptoms are severe at the outset, find that their obsessions and compulsions grow more intrusive with time, making it harder to maintain relationships, hold down a job, or navigate the world successfully.

Are there medications for OCD?

Medication can be used to treat OCD. The class of drugs most often prescribed are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs, which include fluvoxamine (under the brand name Luvox), fluoxetine (Prozac), and sertraline (Zoloft), among others. In cases of treatment-resistant OCD, other classes of medication, such as tricyclic antidepressants or atypical antipsychotics, may be prescribed. Medication is frequently used in conjunction with therapy.

Can OCD come back after treatment?

Yes. Major life transitions, periods of stress, or other factors can cause symptoms to return or, if they were never fully eradicated, to ramp back up in intensity. For some, these relapses are brief and do not require additional treatment; identifying specific triggers and practicing the skills learned in therapy can help speed their course. For others, returning to therapy for a brief period can help address the underlying stress and strengthen coping mechanisms.