Photo of Mahmoud Moghaddami, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Mahmoud Moghaddami
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85715
Mahmoud Moghaddami is a Psychiatric Mental Health NP Specialist in Tucson, Arizona. He graduated with honors from Wichita State University. He has more than 10 years of diverse experiences in treating psychiatric disorders in outpatient and inpatient setting. He offers effective outpatient, diagnosis, treatment of psychiatric disorder and medication management for children and adult who suffer from mental health disorders. He treats a number of mental health disorders such as Depression, Anxiety, Trauma & PTSD, Panic disorder, ADHD, Schizophrenia, OCD, Eating disorder, Bipolar disorder.
Mahmoud Moghaddami is a Psychiatric Mental Health NP Specialist in Tucson, Arizona. He graduated with honors from Wichita State University. He has more than 10 years of diverse experiences in treating psychiatric disorders in outpatient and inpatient setting. He offers effective outpatient, diagnosis, treatment of psychiatric disorder and medication management for children and adult who suffer from mental health disorders. He treats a number of mental health disorders such as Depression, Anxiety, Trauma & PTSD, Panic disorder, ADHD, Schizophrenia, OCD, Eating disorder, Bipolar disorder.
(520) 353-2039 View (520) 353-2039
Photo of Edward S. Leyba, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Edward S. Leyba
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Mesa, AZ 85206
I am excited to provide you with individualized care to achieve your goals! Through a combination of medication management and talk therapy, I specialize in treating; anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, ADHD, OCD, PTSD, grief, and sleep disturbances. I am also able to care for patients with alcohol and other substance use disorders who are stable enough for outpatient care. I have expertise in medication-assisted treatment (MAT) options for alcohol and opiate use disorder including; Suboxone, Naltrexone, Vivitrol, Sublocade, Antabuse, and Campral. Patients can choose to see me in-person, or by virtual session.
I am excited to provide you with individualized care to achieve your goals! Through a combination of medication management and talk therapy, I specialize in treating; anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, ADHD, OCD, PTSD, grief, and sleep disturbances. I am also able to care for patients with alcohol and other substance use disorders who are stable enough for outpatient care. I have expertise in medication-assisted treatment (MAT) options for alcohol and opiate use disorder including; Suboxone, Naltrexone, Vivitrol, Sublocade, Antabuse, and Campral. Patients can choose to see me in-person, or by virtual session.
(480) 582-2955 View (480) 582-2955
Photo of Willie Lynch, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Willie Lynch
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85719
When meds are not what you want. Ask me about TMS. Trauma informed care that focuses on the individual not only the disease process. If you are suffering from depression, anxiety, ADHD, trauma (PTSD), or other psychological stressors, Offer compassionate care that combines the best clinical research and treatment possible. NOW offering Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) services as a non pharmaceutical treatment for depression, ADHD, anxiety, OCD, Bipolar Depression, and more. Ask me about TMS and how we can get started on a brighter future without pharmaceuticals.
When meds are not what you want. Ask me about TMS. Trauma informed care that focuses on the individual not only the disease process. If you are suffering from depression, anxiety, ADHD, trauma (PTSD), or other psychological stressors, Offer compassionate care that combines the best clinical research and treatment possible. NOW offering Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) services as a non pharmaceutical treatment for depression, ADHD, anxiety, OCD, Bipolar Depression, and more. Ask me about TMS and how we can get started on a brighter future without pharmaceuticals.
(520) 551-6053 View (520) 551-6053
Photo of Fuanjia Fuangunyi, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Fuanjia Fuangunyi
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNPBC, FNP-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85715
Dually Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner and Family Nurse Practitioner.
Dually Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner and Family Nurse Practitioner.
(520) 841-5943 View (520) 841-5943
Photo of Foothills Psychiatric Service PLLC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Foothills Psychiatric Service PLLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, -BC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85048
Foothills psychiatric services offer mobile and telepsychiatry services in the valley and surrounding areas. We provide psychiatric evaluations and follow-ups, medication management, and therapy. We specialize in treating different mood disorders including Depression, Bipolar, Anxiety, PTSD, and other behavioral disorders like Schizophrenia, personality disorder, substance abuse, ADHD, Autism, treatment-resistant depression, among others.
Foothills psychiatric services offer mobile and telepsychiatry services in the valley and surrounding areas. We provide psychiatric evaluations and follow-ups, medication management, and therapy. We specialize in treating different mood disorders including Depression, Bipolar, Anxiety, PTSD, and other behavioral disorders like Schizophrenia, personality disorder, substance abuse, ADHD, Autism, treatment-resistant depression, among others.
(480) 780-3661 View (480) 780-3661
Photo of Fidel Psychiatric Health Services PLLC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Fidel Psychiatric Health Services PLLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APN, PMHNP-C
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85029  (Online Only)
Make Appointment now with link: https://provider.kareo.com/fidelis-ebereonwu Your mental health has a lot to tell about your success in life. Many people are suffering from depression, anxiety, bipolar, PTSD, psychosis and substance abuse to mention only a few. There is no shame in seeking help. You will be helped and not judged. I will do my best to help you get better and get well. I have the compassion and what it takes to help you. Please let us share that problem. Book here and be seen through headway. https://headway.co/providers/fidelis-ebereonwu?utm_source=pem&utm_medium=direct_link&utm_campaign=71305
Make Appointment now with link: https://provider.kareo.com/fidelis-ebereonwu Your mental health has a lot to tell about your success in life. Many people are suffering from depression, anxiety, bipolar, PTSD, psychosis and substance abuse to mention only a few. There is no shame in seeking help. You will be helped and not judged. I will do my best to help you get better and get well. I have the compassion and what it takes to help you. Please let us share that problem. Book here and be seen through headway. https://headway.co/providers/fidelis-ebereonwu?utm_source=pem&utm_medium=direct_link&utm_campaign=71305
(602) 584-8623 View (602) 584-8623
Photo of Sharon Meglathery, Psychiatrist in Arizona
Sharon Meglathery
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85701
I am a board cert psychiatrist w/ 27 yrs of experience, incl: 3 yr residency in internal medicine (board cert, 2000) and exposure to alt approaches/diverse populations (Native American, holistic eating disorder facility, students, inner-city crisis work) who loves to learn/listen (courses: EMDR-basic, dissoc, addictions, personality, chronic illness, attachment; DBT; CBT; mindfulness, lifestyle, communication, evid-based non-pharm). I apply all of this when I assess and assist you to capitalize on strengths, gain resilience, dive deep into psyche/your past/struggles, process trauma, learn skills, broaden perspective and agency.
I am a board cert psychiatrist w/ 27 yrs of experience, incl: 3 yr residency in internal medicine (board cert, 2000) and exposure to alt approaches/diverse populations (Native American, holistic eating disorder facility, students, inner-city crisis work) who loves to learn/listen (courses: EMDR-basic, dissoc, addictions, personality, chronic illness, attachment; DBT; CBT; mindfulness, lifestyle, communication, evid-based non-pharm). I apply all of this when I assess and assist you to capitalize on strengths, gain resilience, dive deep into psyche/your past/struggles, process trauma, learn skills, broaden perspective and agency.
(520) 895-4797 View (520) 895-4797
Photo of VirtualPsychiatricCare.com, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
VirtualPsychiatricCare.com
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, CRNP, APRN
Verified Verified
Mesa, AZ 85201  (Online Only)
We are board-certified in treating Children and Adults. Accepting new patients in Arizona via telehealth visits for psychiatric evaluation and medication management. Our clients are looking to be properly diagnosed and treated using the safest prescribing principles. Make your appointment on our website today. Evening and weekend hours available. Affordable rates-Initial Psychiatric Eval $199, Follow-ups are $99. Also accepting some insurances.
We are board-certified in treating Children and Adults. Accepting new patients in Arizona via telehealth visits for psychiatric evaluation and medication management. Our clients are looking to be properly diagnosed and treated using the safest prescribing principles. Make your appointment on our website today. Evening and weekend hours available. Affordable rates-Initial Psychiatric Eval $199, Follow-ups are $99. Also accepting some insurances.
(833) 306-0894 View (833) 306-0894
Photo of Irina V Ashamalla, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Irina V Ashamalla
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, FNP-C, PMHNP-C
Verified Verified
Peoria, AZ 85383
I offer services for the entire family to help to repair interpersonal relationship, provide life coaching and guidance though both medication management and therapy approach combined on-demand and tailored specifically for individual patient needs. I offer services for young children who don't qualify for medication management through play therapy starting from 4 years of age. I like to raise awareness for mental health issues and break the stigma because it’s “ok not to be ok”. Psychological problems can affect anyone and when one family member has a mental health problem like “anxiety” or a “mood disorder”, it affects everyone.
I offer services for the entire family to help to repair interpersonal relationship, provide life coaching and guidance though both medication management and therapy approach combined on-demand and tailored specifically for individual patient needs. I offer services for young children who don't qualify for medication management through play therapy starting from 4 years of age. I like to raise awareness for mental health issues and break the stigma because it’s “ok not to be ok”. Psychological problems can affect anyone and when one family member has a mental health problem like “anxiety” or a “mood disorder”, it affects everyone.
(928) 575-8122 View (928) 575-8122
Photo of Bethel Hills Psychiatry & Ketamine Clinic, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Bethel Hills Psychiatry & Ketamine Clinic
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP, FNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85044
Is your Depressive symptoms, Anxiety, or PTSD symptoms resistant to treatment? We may be able to help you. We provide Psychiatric evaluation and treatment , Addition treatment, Psychotherapy for most mental health illness, using both conventional and functional medicine approaches and other mental health treatments. We are also one of the few clinics in town to offer oral, IM , IV, Nasal route of Ketamine treatments as well as Vitamin IV treatment
Is your Depressive symptoms, Anxiety, or PTSD symptoms resistant to treatment? We may be able to help you. We provide Psychiatric evaluation and treatment , Addition treatment, Psychotherapy for most mental health illness, using both conventional and functional medicine approaches and other mental health treatments. We are also one of the few clinics in town to offer oral, IM , IV, Nasal route of Ketamine treatments as well as Vitamin IV treatment
(520) 214-8517 View (520) 214-8517
Photo of Desert Sage Behavioral Health, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Desert Sage Behavioral Health
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, Psych, MH, NP
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85719
Daniel Chafetz is PsychMH/NP Board Certified Graduate of University of Arizona and Arizona State University with over 20 years of experience working in behavioral health in a variety of settings. "I do take a genuine interest in my clients. It is very fulfilling to watch people get better and attain their highest level of functioning. I use a collaborative approach with my clients and strive for excellence in over-all wholesome health."
Daniel Chafetz is PsychMH/NP Board Certified Graduate of University of Arizona and Arizona State University with over 20 years of experience working in behavioral health in a variety of settings. "I do take a genuine interest in my clients. It is very fulfilling to watch people get better and attain their highest level of functioning. I use a collaborative approach with my clients and strive for excellence in over-all wholesome health."
(520) 357-0072 View (520) 357-0072
Photo of Almanac Health Care, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Almanac Health Care
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, MSN, APRN, MSRN
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85004
Adaeze Ilo, a dedicated Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner licensed in Arizona, is committed to transforming the lives of her patients through compassionate and effective teletherapy. Recognizing that many individuals struggle to find comfort and happiness in their lives, Adaeze specializes in providing a safe and nurturing space for healing. With a focus on mental health, she addresses a range of issues, including anxiety, depression, insomnia, bipolar disorder, ADD/ADHD, and addiction. Adaeze employs a holistic approach to therapy, combining evidence-based practices to ensure comprehensive care for her patients.
Adaeze Ilo, a dedicated Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner licensed in Arizona, is committed to transforming the lives of her patients through compassionate and effective teletherapy. Recognizing that many individuals struggle to find comfort and happiness in their lives, Adaeze specializes in providing a safe and nurturing space for healing. With a focus on mental health, she addresses a range of issues, including anxiety, depression, insomnia, bipolar disorder, ADD/ADHD, and addiction. Adaeze employs a holistic approach to therapy, combining evidence-based practices to ensure comprehensive care for her patients.
(928) 985-6504 View (928) 985-6504
Photo of New Wave Health and Wellness, Psychiatrist in Arizona
New Wave Health and Wellness
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85255
At New Wave we believe mental health has been declining in the U.S. over the past few years and is nearing an all-time low. Whether you have minor struggles or a psychiatric illness we can evaluate and customize treatment based on the most up to date science. Because no two people are the same, we pride ourselves in using innovative methods and technology to provide a unique experience for our patient. We are a full spectrum Psychiatric, Addiction Medicine, and Ketamine infusion practice with medication treatment, psychotherapy, addiction therapy and counseling with sensitivity and a niche for treating professionals.
At New Wave we believe mental health has been declining in the U.S. over the past few years and is nearing an all-time low. Whether you have minor struggles or a psychiatric illness we can evaluate and customize treatment based on the most up to date science. Because no two people are the same, we pride ourselves in using innovative methods and technology to provide a unique experience for our patient. We are a full spectrum Psychiatric, Addiction Medicine, and Ketamine infusion practice with medication treatment, psychotherapy, addiction therapy and counseling with sensitivity and a niche for treating professionals.
(480) 424-4962 View (480) 424-4962
Photo of Foothills Psychiatric Services PLLC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Foothills Psychiatric Services PLLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Mesa, AZ 85203
Foothills psychiatric services offer mobile and telepsychiatry services in the valley and surrounding areas. We provide psychiatric evaluations and follow-ups, medication management, and therapy. We specialize in treating different mood disorders including Depression, Bipolar, Anxiety, PTSD, and other behavioral disorders like Schizophrenia, personality disorder, substance abuse, ADHD, Autism, treatment-resistant depression, among others.
Foothills psychiatric services offer mobile and telepsychiatry services in the valley and surrounding areas. We provide psychiatric evaluations and follow-ups, medication management, and therapy. We specialize in treating different mood disorders including Depression, Bipolar, Anxiety, PTSD, and other behavioral disorders like Schizophrenia, personality disorder, substance abuse, ADHD, Autism, treatment-resistant depression, among others.
(928) 223-4463 View (928) 223-4463
Photo of Nikka Jones, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Nikka Jones
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN-BC, ARNP, PMHNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85004  (Online Only)
My clients usually have a mutual respect and understanding that I'm here to support their needs, goals, and values. My practice is based on a holistic approach, looking at a person as a whole, NOT just the illness. My background is emergency care, substance treatment, blended families so I'm super understanding, private, and friendly. I'm also one of the few providers that offers genetic testing that can help reduce medication side-effects. I have a medical background, so your care is truly a well-rounded comfortable experience that's tailored to your particular needs.
My clients usually have a mutual respect and understanding that I'm here to support their needs, goals, and values. My practice is based on a holistic approach, looking at a person as a whole, NOT just the illness. My background is emergency care, substance treatment, blended families so I'm super understanding, private, and friendly. I'm also one of the few providers that offers genetic testing that can help reduce medication side-effects. I have a medical background, so your care is truly a well-rounded comfortable experience that's tailored to your particular needs.
(646) 453-6777 View (646) 453-6777
Photo of Kristine Norris, Psychiatrist in Arizona
Kristine Norris
Psychiatrist, DO, MPH
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
Virtual appointments available. Comprehensive. Collaborative. Confidential. Taking new patients age 12 to 64. Book online now at www.psychiatrytucson.com. Dr. Norris is a Tucson Psychiatrist and Therapist. She is trained in multiple forms of psychotherapy, including insight-oriented and trauma-focused, in addition to medication management. Dr. Norris uses her skills to evaluate from a holistic perspective and takes into account the biological (body), psychological (mind), and social aspects of each individual to explore treatment options that work best for them.
Virtual appointments available. Comprehensive. Collaborative. Confidential. Taking new patients age 12 to 64. Book online now at www.psychiatrytucson.com. Dr. Norris is a Tucson Psychiatrist and Therapist. She is trained in multiple forms of psychotherapy, including insight-oriented and trauma-focused, in addition to medication management. Dr. Norris uses her skills to evaluate from a holistic perspective and takes into account the biological (body), psychological (mind), and social aspects of each individual to explore treatment options that work best for them.
(520) 780-8413 View (520) 780-8413
Photo of Victory Health Solution LLC (Virtual Appts ONLY), Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Victory Health Solution LLC (Virtual Appts ONLY)
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP, BC, CNP, DNP
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85255  (Online Only)
Attention:Same day prescriptions. we offer only telepsychiatry services. Afraid of over dose call me for Naloxone Now ! Addiction,Opiod use, CALL for your Naltrexone now. No more addiction. Your local pharmacy may be able to give you Vivitrol. TRIWEST/ TRICARE welcome. Please note we do not offer in-person services at this time. We treat opioid, addiction, schizophrenia, bipolar, anxiety, eating disorders, borderline personality disorder, cleptomaniac, ADHD and depression. We treat all other mental health disorders. Please click on our website link to make your appointment. We accept cash at $90 / Month if you do not have insurance.
Attention:Same day prescriptions. we offer only telepsychiatry services. Afraid of over dose call me for Naloxone Now ! Addiction,Opiod use, CALL for your Naltrexone now. No more addiction. Your local pharmacy may be able to give you Vivitrol. TRIWEST/ TRICARE welcome. Please note we do not offer in-person services at this time. We treat opioid, addiction, schizophrenia, bipolar, anxiety, eating disorders, borderline personality disorder, cleptomaniac, ADHD and depression. We treat all other mental health disorders. Please click on our website link to make your appointment. We accept cash at $90 / Month if you do not have insurance.
(623) 304-6079 View (623) 304-6079
Photo of Adel Mostafavi, Psychiatrist in Arizona
Adel Mostafavi
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85028  (Online Only)
Are you struggling to balance your physical and mental health? Are things becoming unmanageable? Is your time limited? Then welcome to WellPsyche! WellPsyche Scottsdale provides experts in the field of Adult and Child/Adolescent Psychiatry. Our practice offers the latest in psychiatry including Telemedicine! Now you can visit with your psychiatrist from the privacy and convenience of your home or work. Our providers take a Conservative and Effective approach to medication management and can help you balance your life.
Are you struggling to balance your physical and mental health? Are things becoming unmanageable? Is your time limited? Then welcome to WellPsyche! WellPsyche Scottsdale provides experts in the field of Adult and Child/Adolescent Psychiatry. Our practice offers the latest in psychiatry including Telemedicine! Now you can visit with your psychiatrist from the privacy and convenience of your home or work. Our providers take a Conservative and Effective approach to medication management and can help you balance your life.
(844) 583-3241 View (844) 583-3241
Photo of Paul E Larralde, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in Arizona
Paul E Larralde
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85250
I believe in the benefit of utilizing technology and non-traditional hours (Evenings & Weekends), in provide mental health care in the most appropriate and timely manner possible for the individual. I am a Board Certified Adult Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I received a Bachelor's of Science in Nursing with Honors degree from Grand Canyon University and obtained a Masters of Science in Nursing with Honors degree from the University of Cincinnati. I have experience in inpatient and outpatient mental health, geriatric mental health, chemical dependency and crisis, including voluntary and involuntary hospitalization.
I believe in the benefit of utilizing technology and non-traditional hours (Evenings & Weekends), in provide mental health care in the most appropriate and timely manner possible for the individual. I am a Board Certified Adult Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I received a Bachelor's of Science in Nursing with Honors degree from Grand Canyon University and obtained a Masters of Science in Nursing with Honors degree from the University of Cincinnati. I have experience in inpatient and outpatient mental health, geriatric mental health, chemical dependency and crisis, including voluntary and involuntary hospitalization.
(602) 428-7177 View (602) 428-7177
Photo of Behavioral Health Solutions, Psychiatrist in Arizona
Behavioral Health Solutions
Psychiatrist
Verified Verified
Tempe, AZ 85281  (Online Only)
***IMMEDIATE AVAILABILITY*** Behavioral Health Solutions is accepting new patients for medication consultation, suboxone treatment and other psychiatry needs. Are you experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma or other concerns that keep you from progressing in life? Here at Behavioral Health Solutions, our team of licensed therapists and psychiatrists are experienced and caring. We would love to help you understand how to address your concerns. We provide a safe environment that allows you to discuss your problems without feeling shame or judgement. Your help is just an email or phone call away!
***IMMEDIATE AVAILABILITY*** Behavioral Health Solutions is accepting new patients for medication consultation, suboxone treatment and other psychiatry needs. Are you experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma or other concerns that keep you from progressing in life? Here at Behavioral Health Solutions, our team of licensed therapists and psychiatrists are experienced and caring. We would love to help you understand how to address your concerns. We provide a safe environment that allows you to discuss your problems without feeling shame or judgement. Your help is just an email or phone call away!
(480) 462-0924 View (480) 462-0924

Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) Psychiatrists

How long does OCD treatment take?

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is often treated on a weekly or twice-weekly schedule, depending on symptom severity and the client’s preferences. Some clients may start to see a noticeable improvement in symptoms in as little as six weeks, but it’s also possible, especially in more severe cases, for treatment to take several months to a year before significant progress is made.

What happens if OCD is not treated?

Some people with OCD, especially those with mild symptoms, may find that they are able to adapt reasonably well to life with the condition, even if their symptoms never resolve completely. However, many people, particularly those whose symptoms are severe at the outset, find that their obsessions and compulsions grow more intrusive with time, making it harder to maintain relationships, hold down a job, or navigate the world successfully.

Are there medications for OCD?

Medication can be used to treat OCD. The class of drugs most often prescribed are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs, which include fluvoxamine (under the brand name Luvox), fluoxetine (Prozac), and sertraline (Zoloft), among others. In cases of treatment-resistant OCD, other classes of medication, such as tricyclic antidepressants or atypical antipsychotics, may be prescribed. Medication is frequently used in conjunction with therapy.

Can OCD come back after treatment?

Yes. Major life transitions, periods of stress, or other factors can cause symptoms to return or, if they were never fully eradicated, to ramp back up in intensity. For some, these relapses are brief and do not require additional treatment; identifying specific triggers and practicing the skills learned in therapy can help speed their course. For others, returning to therapy for a brief period can help address the underlying stress and strengthen coping mechanisms.