Psychiatrists in Grover, MO

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Photo of Heather Hupperts-Harman, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Heather Hupperts-Harman
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
I am a board-certified psychiatric nurse practitioner (PMHNP) licensed in the state of IL working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with ages 18-99 and treat a variety of common and less common mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, and ADHD. My specialty areas include mental health issues arising from autoimmune conditions, autism, LGTBQIA2S+, and special needs mental health and behaviors.
I am a board-certified psychiatric nurse practitioner (PMHNP) licensed in the state of IL working with clients statewide via telehealth. I work with ages 18-99 and treat a variety of common and less common mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety, and ADHD. My specialty areas include mental health issues arising from autoimmune conditions, autism, LGTBQIA2S+, and special needs mental health and behaviors.
(314) 370-7629 View (314) 370-7629
Photo of Aleksandra Swan, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, NP-C, PMHNP-C
Aleksandra Swan
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, NP-C, PMHNP-C
Online Only
Aleksandra Swan, MSN, NP-C, PMHNP-BC is a dual-board certified APRN who provides psychiatric care to adults 18 & older. She utilizes a holistic, patient-centered approach to empower individuals to take an active role in their mental health to achieve their mental health goals. Through active collaboration, Aleksandra partners with patients to personalize their care. She offers comprehensive psychiatric evaluations, medication management, & brief talk therapy. With nearly ten years of experience as an APRN, Aleksandra is committed to helping patients navigate their mental health.
Aleksandra Swan, MSN, NP-C, PMHNP-BC is a dual-board certified APRN who provides psychiatric care to adults 18 & older. She utilizes a holistic, patient-centered approach to empower individuals to take an active role in their mental health to achieve their mental health goals. Through active collaboration, Aleksandra partners with patients to personalize their care. She offers comprehensive psychiatric evaluations, medication management, & brief talk therapy. With nearly ten years of experience as an APRN, Aleksandra is committed to helping patients navigate their mental health.
(314) 907-3583 View (314) 907-3583
Photo of Laura J Robbins, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, FNP, PMHNP
Laura J Robbins
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, FNP, PMHNP
Online Only
An ideal client for me is proactive about their wellness, actively follows their personalized, evidence-based care plan, and communicates openly with our team to manage medications and behavioral health strategies effectively. Clients often reach out when they are navigating major life transitions, trauma, or relationship conflicts and need a professional, non-judgmental space to process emotions and develop new coping skills. We partner with our patients to design a tailored treatment plan that combines therapy and medication to support their mental health and help them reach their personal goals.
An ideal client for me is proactive about their wellness, actively follows their personalized, evidence-based care plan, and communicates openly with our team to manage medications and behavioral health strategies effectively. Clients often reach out when they are navigating major life transitions, trauma, or relationship conflicts and need a professional, non-judgmental space to process emotions and develop new coping skills. We partner with our patients to design a tailored treatment plan that combines therapy and medication to support their mental health and help them reach their personal goals.
(636) 242-8835 View (636) 242-8835
Photo of Stephanie Ball, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Stephanie Ball
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Mental health challenges can affect every aspect of life, including relationships, work, and overall wellbeing. If you feel like you are struggling in any of these areas know that there is help, and you don't have to make these changes on your own. If you are looking for lasting change, look to Mindful Psychiatry LLC for compassionate, individualized psychiatric care grounded in evidence-based practice.
Mental health challenges can affect every aspect of life, including relationships, work, and overall wellbeing. If you feel like you are struggling in any of these areas know that there is help, and you don't have to make these changes on your own. If you are looking for lasting change, look to Mindful Psychiatry LLC for compassionate, individualized psychiatric care grounded in evidence-based practice.
(816) 307-6794 View (816) 307-6794
Photo of Michelle Cooley, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN
Michelle Cooley
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN
Town And Country, MO 63017
Michelle has a special focus on individuals recently discharged from psychiatric hospitals and those undergoing court-ordered treatment. She combines her expertise in medication management with evidence-based interventions such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and mindfulness techniques. These approaches allow her to support patients in developing practical strategies to manage symptoms, improve daily functioning, and enhance overall well-being. Outside of her professional work, Michelle enjoys learning, creating peaceful spaces, and spending time recharging with family and nature.Michelle
Michelle has a special focus on individuals recently discharged from psychiatric hospitals and those undergoing court-ordered treatment. She combines her expertise in medication management with evidence-based interventions such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and mindfulness techniques. These approaches allow her to support patients in developing practical strategies to manage symptoms, improve daily functioning, and enhance overall well-being. Outside of her professional work, Michelle enjoys learning, creating peaceful spaces, and spending time recharging with family and nature.Michelle
(314) 248-8698 View (314) 248-8698
Photo of Kelly M McKinney, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, FNP, PMHNP
Kelly M McKinney
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, FNP, PMHNP
Online Only
My name is Kelly McKinney, I am a Nurse Practitioner, dual certified in Family/Primary Care and Mental Health. I have eleven years of experience as a registered nurse in the areas of Pediatrics, Oncology, Medical-Surgical Nursing, Public Health, Primary Care and Mental Health. I have been practicing as a certified Nurse Practitioner for six of those years. I obtained my Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) from Goldfarb School of Nursing in 2010. Later, I earned a Master of Science in Nursing and certification as a Family Nurse Practitioner (MSN-FNP) from Walden University in 2015.
My name is Kelly McKinney, I am a Nurse Practitioner, dual certified in Family/Primary Care and Mental Health. I have eleven years of experience as a registered nurse in the areas of Pediatrics, Oncology, Medical-Surgical Nursing, Public Health, Primary Care and Mental Health. I have been practicing as a certified Nurse Practitioner for six of those years. I obtained my Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) from Goldfarb School of Nursing in 2010. Later, I earned a Master of Science in Nursing and certification as a Family Nurse Practitioner (MSN-FNP) from Walden University in 2015.
(636) 202-1772 View (636) 202-1772
Photo of Dr. Hala Mouneimne, Psychiatrist, DO
Dr. Hala Mouneimne
Psychiatrist, DO
Online Only
Dr. Mouneimne is a Board-Certified bilingual psychiatrist specializing in general adult psychiatry, bringing extensive experience from her residency training in the underserved area of East Texas. She earned her medical degree from the Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine in Fort Worth and has received broad exposure to child/adolescent, geriatric, and adult inpatient and outpatient psychiatry. With a background in Engineering from Texas A&M University, Dr. Mouneimne employs an analytical approach to diagnose and treat mental health issues through personalized and collaborative care.
Dr. Mouneimne is a Board-Certified bilingual psychiatrist specializing in general adult psychiatry, bringing extensive experience from her residency training in the underserved area of East Texas. She earned her medical degree from the Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine in Fort Worth and has received broad exposure to child/adolescent, geriatric, and adult inpatient and outpatient psychiatry. With a background in Engineering from Texas A&M University, Dr. Mouneimne employs an analytical approach to diagnose and treat mental health issues through personalized and collaborative care.
(833) 749-5700 View (833) 749-5700
Photo of Dr. Laura Long, Psychiatrist
Dr. Laura Long
Psychiatrist
Online Only
Dr. Long is a board-certified psychiatrist with over 14 years of experience treating adult and older adult patients from a wide variety of cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds. Dr. Long's practice focuses primarily on medication management, in addition to supportive and cognitive and behavioral therapy in 30-minute follow-up visits. Sometimes Dr. Long will suggest additional therapy be included in your treatment plan in order to provide the best outcome. Dr. Long received her B.A. from Yale University, graduating cum laude with a double major in Biology and Literature.
Dr. Long is a board-certified psychiatrist with over 14 years of experience treating adult and older adult patients from a wide variety of cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds. Dr. Long's practice focuses primarily on medication management, in addition to supportive and cognitive and behavioral therapy in 30-minute follow-up visits. Sometimes Dr. Long will suggest additional therapy be included in your treatment plan in order to provide the best outcome. Dr. Long received her B.A. from Yale University, graduating cum laude with a double major in Biology and Literature.
(833) 749-5700 View (833) 749-5700
Photo of Jelya Fatawu - Stability Psychiatry LLC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, MSN
Stability Psychiatry LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, MSN
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63101
Jelya is a licensed Practitioner based in New Mexico, dedicated to providing compassionate and effective teletherapy services with a focus on helping individuals achieve a sense of stability, balance, and improved emotional well-being. With a deep understanding of the struggles that individuals encounter, my therapy practice is tailored to support those who are navigating difficult life transitions, experiencing anxiety or depression, or coping with trauma.
Jelya is a licensed Practitioner based in New Mexico, dedicated to providing compassionate and effective teletherapy services with a focus on helping individuals achieve a sense of stability, balance, and improved emotional well-being. With a deep understanding of the struggles that individuals encounter, my therapy practice is tailored to support those who are navigating difficult life transitions, experiencing anxiety or depression, or coping with trauma.
(505) 657-7009 View (505) 657-7009
Photo of Katie Padberg, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Katie Padberg
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63141
I am so happy you are here! It takes courage to reach out for help. You don't have to feel this way forever. I understand how challenging it can be to find the right provider that truly listens and fosters a nonjudgemental, welcoming environment. I would be honored to be that person for you.
I am so happy you are here! It takes courage to reach out for help. You don't have to feel this way forever. I understand how challenging it can be to find the right provider that truly listens and fosters a nonjudgemental, welcoming environment. I would be honored to be that person for you.
(314) 347-3034 View (314) 347-3034
Photo of Pamela Lyss-lerman, Psychiatrist, MD
Pamela Lyss-lerman
Psychiatrist, MD
Saint Louis, MO 63105
My practice is in Clayton where I provide psychotherapy and medication management, specializing in treating women who are planning for pregnancy, are pregnant, are in their postpartum period, or in the perimenopausal transition. I work collaboratively with you to determine the optimal route of care for your needs and goals. I earned my MD at the University of California - San Francisco where I also completed my internship and residency training in Psychiatry.
My practice is in Clayton where I provide psychotherapy and medication management, specializing in treating women who are planning for pregnancy, are pregnant, are in their postpartum period, or in the perimenopausal transition. I work collaboratively with you to determine the optimal route of care for your needs and goals. I earned my MD at the University of California - San Francisco where I also completed my internship and residency training in Psychiatry.
(314) 907-1638 View (314) 907-1638
Photo of Ingrid Tatiana Duran, Psychiatric Nurse, PMHNP
Ingrid Tatiana Duran
Psychiatric Nurse, PMHNP
Saint Louis, MO 63141
I am Ingrid Tatiana Duran and I am a compassionate and dedicated Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner at Psych 4 U, with a deep commitment to providing high-quality mental health care. With a strong background in nursing and specialized training in psychiatry, I am equipped with the knowledge and skills to assess, diagnose, and treat a wide range of psychiatric conditions, from anxiety and depression to more complex disorders. I take a holistic, patient-centered approach to care, ensuring that each individual receives personalized treatment tailored to their unique needs and circumstances.
I am Ingrid Tatiana Duran and I am a compassionate and dedicated Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner at Psych 4 U, with a deep commitment to providing high-quality mental health care. With a strong background in nursing and specialized training in psychiatry, I am equipped with the knowledge and skills to assess, diagnose, and treat a wide range of psychiatric conditions, from anxiety and depression to more complex disorders. I take a holistic, patient-centered approach to care, ensuring that each individual receives personalized treatment tailored to their unique needs and circumstances.
(888) 544-0999 x1 View (888) 544-0999 x1
Photo of Afsaneh Rezaeizadeh, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, LMSW
Afsaneh Rezaeizadeh
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, LMSW
Saint Louis, MO 63146
Hello, and welcome. I’m a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner and Licensed Master Social Worker with experience treating anxiety, depression, trauma, substance use, and other mental health concerns. My approach is collaborative, compassionate, and tailored to each individual. I believe meaningful care starts with feeling heard and understood. I combine medication management with supportive therapy and practical coping strategies to help patients build resilience, improve daily functioning, and create lasting change. My goal is to provide a safe, judgment-free space where we can work together toward your personal goals.
Hello, and welcome. I’m a Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner and Licensed Master Social Worker with experience treating anxiety, depression, trauma, substance use, and other mental health concerns. My approach is collaborative, compassionate, and tailored to each individual. I believe meaningful care starts with feeling heard and understood. I combine medication management with supportive therapy and practical coping strategies to help patients build resilience, improve daily functioning, and create lasting change. My goal is to provide a safe, judgment-free space where we can work together toward your personal goals.
(314) 742-7720 View (314) 742-7720
Photo of Felicia Thomas, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN
Felicia Thomas
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN
Online Only
Welcome! My goal is to create a safe, supportive, and nonjudgmental space where you feel heard, understood, and valued. I work with adults seeking relief from anxiety, depression, life transitions, and burnout, and I believe trust is the foundation of healing. Together, we’ll build that trust through compassion, respect, and collaboration. Every person’s journey is unique, and I’ll meet you where you are—helping you explore your goals, your strengths, and the path toward lasting change.
Welcome! My goal is to create a safe, supportive, and nonjudgmental space where you feel heard, understood, and valued. I work with adults seeking relief from anxiety, depression, life transitions, and burnout, and I believe trust is the foundation of healing. Together, we’ll build that trust through compassion, respect, and collaboration. Every person’s journey is unique, and I’ll meet you where you are—helping you explore your goals, your strengths, and the path toward lasting change.
(863) 343-1534 View (863) 343-1534
Photo of Arturo Calvo Taca - INSynergy - Personalized Addiction Treatment, Psychiatrist, MD, DABPN, DFASAM, DABAM, DABPM
INSynergy - Personalized Addiction Treatment
Psychiatrist, MD, DABPN, DFASAM, DABAM, DABPM
4 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63141
INSynergy...the Premier Addiction Program in St. Louis, Missouri. Staffed by experts in Addiction Medicine. INSynergy is a non-12 Step, 3 or 6 month, outpatient, substance abuse treatment program implementing innovative technologies to treat addiction and its related conditions such as: mood disorders, pain disorders, sleep disorders. Highly personalized program designed for motivated professionals, students, and individuals that expect only the highest level of concierge medical service to maintain successful lifestyles.
INSynergy...the Premier Addiction Program in St. Louis, Missouri. Staffed by experts in Addiction Medicine. INSynergy is a non-12 Step, 3 or 6 month, outpatient, substance abuse treatment program implementing innovative technologies to treat addiction and its related conditions such as: mood disorders, pain disorders, sleep disorders. Highly personalized program designed for motivated professionals, students, and individuals that expect only the highest level of concierge medical service to maintain successful lifestyles.
(314) 266-1641 View (314) 266-1641
Photo of Dr. Jayaprabha V Nair - Sunlight Psychiatry and Wellness, Psychiatrist, MD, MPH
Sunlight Psychiatry and Wellness
Psychiatrist, MD, MPH
Online Only
My name is Dr. Jaya LaFontaine. I am a board certified Adult, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatrist, seeing people of all ages. I provide holistic, integrative virtual telepsychiatry services in the state of Missouri. Psychiatric practice has become solely about medicating symptoms rather than addressing the cause. I specialize in reducing polypharmacy, trauma-informed psychotherapy, and providing a safe, inclusive, confidential, and compassionate space for my patients who want to heal rather than numb their pain.
My name is Dr. Jaya LaFontaine. I am a board certified Adult, Child, and Adolescent Psychiatrist, seeing people of all ages. I provide holistic, integrative virtual telepsychiatry services in the state of Missouri. Psychiatric practice has become solely about medicating symptoms rather than addressing the cause. I specialize in reducing polypharmacy, trauma-informed psychotherapy, and providing a safe, inclusive, confidential, and compassionate space for my patients who want to heal rather than numb their pain.
(636) 242-6223 View (636) 242-6223
Photo of Amy Ashley, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Amy Ashley
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Successful psychiatric care looks beyond symptoms to consider the whole person, and your treatment should consider all aspects of your life. A holistic approach is vital in achieving practical solutions you can control. I employ evidence-based medication alongside non-pharmaceutical treatments for lasting stability. Psychiatric care should be approachable and empowering! I'm eager to learn about your unique perspective as we navigate your mental health care, and I offer a warm, direct approach to a partnership centered on your goals. I treat a diverse array of patients and want to know how I can help you!
Successful psychiatric care looks beyond symptoms to consider the whole person, and your treatment should consider all aspects of your life. A holistic approach is vital in achieving practical solutions you can control. I employ evidence-based medication alongside non-pharmaceutical treatments for lasting stability. Psychiatric care should be approachable and empowering! I'm eager to learn about your unique perspective as we navigate your mental health care, and I offer a warm, direct approach to a partnership centered on your goals. I treat a diverse array of patients and want to know how I can help you!
(417) 487-4768 View (417) 487-4768
Photo of Kelsey Lonergan, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP, CPNP
Kelsey Lonergan
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP, CPNP
Online Only
Adults seeking clear answers for ADHD, anxiety, depression, and mood concerns often come to Journey Psyche when symptoms begin affecting focus, work, relationships, or daily functioning. Many patients have tried therapy or primary care treatment but want a more specialized psychiatric evaluation. Our team focuses on helping adults understand what is driving their symptoms and developing practical treatment plans that support focus, emotional balance, and long-term mental wellness through thoughtful medication management and ongoing care.
Adults seeking clear answers for ADHD, anxiety, depression, and mood concerns often come to Journey Psyche when symptoms begin affecting focus, work, relationships, or daily functioning. Many patients have tried therapy or primary care treatment but want a more specialized psychiatric evaluation. Our team focuses on helping adults understand what is driving their symptoms and developing practical treatment plans that support focus, emotional balance, and long-term mental wellness through thoughtful medication management and ongoing care.
(314) 310-5473 View (314) 310-5473
Photo of L. Paul Welder, Psychiatrist, M.D.
L. Paul Welder
Psychiatrist, M.D.
Serves Area
I am a board-certified psychiatrist licensed in Missouri and Arkansas, offering in-person and online telehealth appointments for children, adolescents and adults. You may function well on the outside while struggling privately with anxiety, depression, mood instability, attention concerns, or a persistent sense that something is not right. You are looking for clarity and steady guidance, not quick reassurance. You want a physician who takes your symptoms seriously, thinks carefully, and listens without rushing. You value privacy, directness, and considered care.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist licensed in Missouri and Arkansas, offering in-person and online telehealth appointments for children, adolescents and adults. You may function well on the outside while struggling privately with anxiety, depression, mood instability, attention concerns, or a persistent sense that something is not right. You are looking for clarity and steady guidance, not quick reassurance. You want a physician who takes your symptoms seriously, thinks carefully, and listens without rushing. You value privacy, directness, and considered care.
(417) 742-7634 View (417) 742-7634
Photo of Edith Muriuki, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Edith Muriuki
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
Hi there, I'm Edith! I'm a board‐certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner dedicated to improving the lives of adults living with mental health conditions. After earning Master of Science in Nursing from Walden University in 2021, I embarked on clinical career specializing in adult psychiatry for the last 4 years. I provide comprehensive psychiatric assessments, prescribe and manage psychotropic medications, and deliver tailored psychoeducation to empower patients and their families. I'm passionate about fostering a collaborative, stigma‐free environment where individuals feel heard and supported.
Hi there, I'm Edith! I'm a board‐certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner dedicated to improving the lives of adults living with mental health conditions. After earning Master of Science in Nursing from Walden University in 2021, I embarked on clinical career specializing in adult psychiatry for the last 4 years. I provide comprehensive psychiatric assessments, prescribe and manage psychotropic medications, and deliver tailored psychoeducation to empower patients and their families. I'm passionate about fostering a collaborative, stigma‐free environment where individuals feel heard and supported.
(636) 259-4935 View (636) 259-4935

See more therapy options for Grover

FAQs - About Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Nurses

How can I find a psychiatrist in Grover?

The Psychology Today Directory enables users to search specifically for psychiatrists by selecting the provider type from the drop-down menu, and filtering results by city, zip code, or the psychiatrist's name. The search results feature detailed profiles that outline each professional's treatment approach, areas of expertise, credentials, fees, payment options, and accepted insurance. Results include both psychiatrists (MDs) and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), who hold advanced practice nursing degrees. Users can refine their search for a specific type of psychiatric provider using the "Provider Type" filter.

What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?

Psychiatrists are medical specialists dedicated to understanding, diagnosing, and treating brain disorders and mental health conditions. As physicians, they are trained to identify the often subtle biological factors underlying mental disorders and to monitor how mental health treatments may impact other physical conditions, such as heart disease. Psychiatrists are licensed to prescribe medication and typically conduct shorter sessions that focus on medication management rather than intensive psychotherapy.

In contrast, psychologists are particularly attuned to the impact of early experiences on development, behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes. They often take a holistic approach to assessing and treating clients, considering aspects of personality and social functioning. Although psychologists cannot prescribe medication, they are frequently skilled in administering psychological tests—such as IQ tests, personality assessments, and behavioral evaluations—to assess an individual's functioning. Psychologists often engage in longer, more psychotherapy-focused sessions compared to psychiatrists.

What is a psychiatric nurse practitioner and what is the difference with a psychiatrist?

A psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), also known as a mental health nurse practitioner or psychiatric nurse practitioner, is an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who has completed advanced training in psychiatric care, earning at least a master’s degree in psychiatric nursing. To become Board-Certified (PMHNP-BC), psychiatric nurse practitioners must also pass a national exam that tests their clinical psychiatric knowledge.

Like psychiatrists, PMHNPs are trained to assess, diagnose, and treat mental health conditions. However, PMHNPs and psychiatrists differ in their training experience. While PMHNPs can complete their credentialing requirements (full bachelor's and master's degree training) in as few as 6 years, psychiatrists often spend upwards of 12 years to complete their bachelor's, medical doctorate degree, and residency training requirements. Because of training differences, some states require PMHNPs to be supervised by or enter into a collaborative agreement with a physician in order to prescribe medication.

When deciding to work with a psychiatrist or PMHNP, clients should consider factors such therapeutic fit, cost, and availability. Psychiatrists may have more substantial training in treating more severe psychiatric conditions, as well as in providing more specialized treatment services, such as child psychiatry. However, psychiatrists may be inaccessible to some clients, as their cost and availability may be prohibitive. It can often be easier for clients to find a PMHNP with openings for new clients when compared to psychiatrists, and PMHNPs may also offer lower cost treatment options for clients looking to minimize out-of-pocket costs.

Can a psychiatrist or a PMHNP prescribe medication?

The Psychology Today directory features two primary types of psychiatric professionals: psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs). Both are generally authorized to prescribe psychiatric medications. In 28 states, PMHNPs have full practice authority, allowing them to provide the complete spectrum of psychiatric care, including independent medication prescribing and management. In other states, however, PMHNPs are required to work under the supervision or in collaboration with a physician to prescribe medication. Both psychiatrists and PMHNPs may also offer additional services, such as psychotherapy, counseling, and care coordination, for clients seeking psychiatric care.

Do psychiatrists or PMHNPs offer therapy?

Both psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) are generally trained in a number of treatment modalities, including traditional psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), pharmacotherapy, and, occasionally, various somatic therapies. Typically, psychiatrists and PMHNPs make a diagnosis and determine a course of treatment based on chemical or biological factors, using lab tests, brain scans and physical and psychological evaluations.

While psychotherapy may be used in the first session to aid in diagnosis, it is not typically utilized in subsequent visits. In fact, after the introductory session, most psychiatry sessions may only be 15-20 minutes in length and are largely focused on medication management; this is frequently the case for both psychiatrists and PMHNPs. However, medication providers who do not offer psychotherapy usually work collaboratively with psychologists and other mental health clinicians who do offer these services, and they can refer clients seeking more traditional psychotherapy services to their care.

How do I know if I need a psychiatrist, a PMHNP, or a therapist?

It is not always easy to know which type of mental health practitioner to choose. Many people are unaware of the root of their mental or behavioral problem and may be unaware of the differences in support provided by various mental health professionals. One way many people learn which type of care is best for them is by seeing their primary care provider (PCP) first. Depending on the nature and severity of the symptoms, the PCP may review their medical history and provide guidance or a referral to the appropriate type of provider.

A referral to a psychiatrist or PMHNP is most often made when a client is in need of psychiatric medication management or assessment. These professionals are specifically trained to prescribe psychiatric medications, when necessary, for a client; however, they generally do not provide supportive psychotherapy on an ongoing basis. A therapist or psychologist, in contrast, can provide supportive psychotherapy but is unable to prescribe medications. Because of their unique roles, some clients see both a medication prescriber (either a psychiatrist or PMHNP) and a therapist at the same time to address their psychiatric concerns holistically. Many psychiatrists and psychologists are very open to referring clients to other professionals if unable to meet the client's needs or if they think the client could use additional support from a different type of professional.

Do I need a referral to see a psychiatrist or a PMHNP?

A referral to a psychiatrist or psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) is often not required. However, consulting your primary care physician (PCP) first can be beneficial and may streamline the process of getting the care you need. Your PCP can help determine whether psychiatric care is necessary or if another type of mental health support might be more appropriate. Additionally, some insurance plans require a PCP referral to cover part or all of the costs associated with seeing a specialist. Obtaining a referral can also expedite the appointment process, particularly in areas with provider shortages or for clients seeking specialists in fields like child psychiatry.

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed professional?

Yes, all professionals listed in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory are licensed to provide mental health services in the state(s) where they practice. The directory includes a variety of providers such as psychiatrists, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), physician assistants, psychologists, social workers, and counselors. Each provider must hold a valid license issued by their state regulatory body to be listed. In addition, Psychology Today offers a verification process for certain providers, signified by a 'Verified' symbol next to their profile. This badge indicates that the provider’s primary credential or license has been independently verified by Psychology Today.