Borderline Personality (BPD) Psychiatrists in Freeport, ME

Photo of Kelly Ann Hoyt - LiveWell Psychiatry, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP
LiveWell Psychiatry
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP
1 Endorsed
Freeport, ME 04032
Waitlist for new clients
Please find additional information on my website: www.lwpsych.org. Welcome! Feeling depressed, anxious...wanting better? Chances are, if you have sought care through traditional channels, you've been prescribed an antidepressant or antianxiety medication and not much else. While medications can be helpful, there's usually more that goes into achieving optimal mental health. I help adults with anxiety, depression, and PTSD worry less, improve their mood, and engage more effectively in their daily lives.
Please find additional information on my website: www.lwpsych.org. Welcome! Feeling depressed, anxious...wanting better? Chances are, if you have sought care through traditional channels, you've been prescribed an antidepressant or antianxiety medication and not much else. While medications can be helpful, there's usually more that goes into achieving optimal mental health. I help adults with anxiety, depression, and PTSD worry less, improve their mood, and engage more effectively in their daily lives.
(207) 507-7406 View (207) 507-7406
Psychiatry of Maine
Psychiatrist, MD
Online Only
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist specializing in Child/Adolescent Psychiatry and Adult Psychiatry. My services include the diagnosis and treatment of all mental illnesses in children/adolescents/adult including but not limited to ADHD, Depression, OCD, Anxiety, Autism Spectrum, Bipolar Disorder, Personality Disorder and PTSD. I am also interested in treating women who are pregnant/postpartum and nursing. I am comfortable in the setting of treating co-morbid medical and psychiatric concerns. I only utilize medication when necessary.
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist specializing in Child/Adolescent Psychiatry and Adult Psychiatry. My services include the diagnosis and treatment of all mental illnesses in children/adolescents/adult including but not limited to ADHD, Depression, OCD, Anxiety, Autism Spectrum, Bipolar Disorder, Personality Disorder and PTSD. I am also interested in treating women who are pregnant/postpartum and nursing. I am comfortable in the setting of treating co-morbid medical and psychiatric concerns. I only utilize medication when necessary.
(207) 230-6411 View (207) 230-6411

More Psychiatrists Nearby

Photo of Nicolas Sikaczowski - Peace Behavioral Health Portland , Psychiatrist, DO
Peace Behavioral Health Portland
Psychiatrist, DO
Portland, ME 04102
We provide medication management and therapy for ADHD, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, OCD, Eating Disorders, BPD, Schizophrenia, PTSD, ASD, and more.
Peace Behavioral Health is a small, boutique, locally owned, comprehensive Psychiatry and Psychology practice dedicated to providing unrushed evidence-based care. We have offices in Portland, ME and Saco, ME & provide services via telehealth throughout the state of ME and FL. We utilize ABPN Board-Certified Psychiatrists, and ABPN Board Certified Child & Adolescent Psychiatrists as well as PhD Psychologists. Our current clinicians are Dr. Nicolas Sikaczowski, DO, Dr. Stephon Martin, MD, Dr Robin Caron, DO, Dr. Lauren Buchheim, DO, Dr. Ashley Shaw, PhD, Dr. Janaa Lehtien, PhD, Karen Kennedy, LCSW and Alix Buckvar, LCSW
We provide medication management and therapy for ADHD, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, OCD, Eating Disorders, BPD, Schizophrenia, PTSD, ASD, and more.
Peace Behavioral Health is a small, boutique, locally owned, comprehensive Psychiatry and Psychology practice dedicated to providing unrushed evidence-based care. We have offices in Portland, ME and Saco, ME & provide services via telehealth throughout the state of ME and FL. We utilize ABPN Board-Certified Psychiatrists, and ABPN Board Certified Child & Adolescent Psychiatrists as well as PhD Psychologists. Our current clinicians are Dr. Nicolas Sikaczowski, DO, Dr. Stephon Martin, MD, Dr Robin Caron, DO, Dr. Lauren Buchheim, DO, Dr. Ashley Shaw, PhD, Dr. Janaa Lehtien, PhD, Karen Kennedy, LCSW and Alix Buckvar, LCSW
(207) 962-1188 View (207) 962-1188
Photo of Katrina Lianne Hockey, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Katrina Lianne Hockey
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
I also manage OCD, bipolar spectrum and psychotic disorders (when clinically appropriate for telehealth), and BPD in collaboration with a DBT provider or therapist.
You’re juggling work, relationships, and responsibilities—but underneath it all, you feel stuck, overwhelmed, or burnt out. Maybe you’ve tried therapy or meds before, but something’s still missing. You want real relief, not just survival. You want care that actually sees you—your story, your goals, your strength. You’re ready for support that meets you where you are and helps you move forward with clarity and confidence.
I also manage OCD, bipolar spectrum and psychotic disorders (when clinically appropriate for telehealth), and BPD in collaboration with a DBT provider or therapist.
You’re juggling work, relationships, and responsibilities—but underneath it all, you feel stuck, overwhelmed, or burnt out. Maybe you’ve tried therapy or meds before, but something’s still missing. You want real relief, not just survival. You want care that actually sees you—your story, your goals, your strength. You’re ready for support that meets you where you are and helps you move forward with clarity and confidence.
(888) 351-2623 View (888) 351-2623
Photo of George Nnamchi, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP, BC, MSN
George Nnamchi
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP, BC, MSN
1 Endorsed
Online Only
George Nnamchi is a Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner-Board Certified (PMHNP-BC) committed to helping clients explore their thoughts, behaviors, and experiences to gain control of their conditions. The clients are motivated to engage in treatment, open to discussing their thoughts and feelings, and willing to work with me to develop and follow through with a treatment plan.
George Nnamchi is a Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner-Board Certified (PMHNP-BC) committed to helping clients explore their thoughts, behaviors, and experiences to gain control of their conditions. The clients are motivated to engage in treatment, open to discussing their thoughts and feelings, and willing to work with me to develop and follow through with a treatment plan.
(207) 477-9777 View (207) 477-9777
Photo of Chimdindu N Onyekwe, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, APRN, PMHNP
Chimdindu N Onyekwe
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, APRN, PMHNP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
As a dedicated PMHNP, I am passionate about empowering individuals to reclaim their mental well-being and live a life that truly reflect their values and aspirations. My ideal client is someone who is courageously seeking help to overcome the challenges of anxiety, depression, trauma, addiction, psychotic disorders, or other mental health concerns that have been impacting the daily life. They may be struggling to cope with stress, navigate relationships, or find purpose and meaning. I work with these individuals in a supportive and non judgmental atmosphere as they pursue their unique goals for mental well-being.
As a dedicated PMHNP, I am passionate about empowering individuals to reclaim their mental well-being and live a life that truly reflect their values and aspirations. My ideal client is someone who is courageously seeking help to overcome the challenges of anxiety, depression, trauma, addiction, psychotic disorders, or other mental health concerns that have been impacting the daily life. They may be struggling to cope with stress, navigate relationships, or find purpose and meaning. I work with these individuals in a supportive and non judgmental atmosphere as they pursue their unique goals for mental well-being.
(207) 746-0984 View (207) 746-0984
Photo of Suzanne Mallouk - Suzanne Mallouk, M.D., Psychiatrist, MD
Suzanne Mallouk, M.D.
Psychiatrist, MD
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a board certified psychiatrist. I am also a psychoanalyst trained at the William Alanson White Institute. I specialize in psychoanalytically informed psychotherapy, which means we can work on looking at the underlying issues, that you may be unconscious of, that cause problems in daily living and contribute to unhappiness and lack of fulfillment. I am also a medical doctor so can evaluate you for the use of medications if needed. I am licensed in NY, NJ, CT, ME and FL. I offer tele-psychiatry on SecureVideo, a HIPPA compliant platform. Please call me to make an appointment.
I am a board certified psychiatrist. I am also a psychoanalyst trained at the William Alanson White Institute. I specialize in psychoanalytically informed psychotherapy, which means we can work on looking at the underlying issues, that you may be unconscious of, that cause problems in daily living and contribute to unhappiness and lack of fulfillment. I am also a medical doctor so can evaluate you for the use of medications if needed. I am licensed in NY, NJ, CT, ME and FL. I offer tele-psychiatry on SecureVideo, a HIPPA compliant platform. Please call me to make an appointment.
(646) 502-8545 View (646) 502-8545
Photo of Samuel Grafton Kingsley - Saco Bay Mental Health, PLLC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP
Saco Bay Mental Health, PLLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP
3 Endorsed
Scarborough, ME 04074
My name is Samuel G. Kingsley and I have been working in the mental health field for 8 years. I take a holistic approach to mental health treatment that combines the latest evidence based treatments with your lived experience. I believe that you are the expert on you and want to understand your goals and will work to combine the best treatments for you to be able to reach them.
My name is Samuel G. Kingsley and I have been working in the mental health field for 8 years. I take a holistic approach to mental health treatment that combines the latest evidence based treatments with your lived experience. I believe that you are the expert on you and want to understand your goals and will work to combine the best treatments for you to be able to reach them.
(207) 962-2290 View (207) 962-2290
Photo of Michelle Breton, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, EdD, PMHNP
Michelle Breton
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, EdD, PMHNP
Serves Area
If you are struggling with your mental health, and you are looking for a provider who listens non-judgmentally and with empathy, I can help. My philosophy is to listen closely to your preferences and to work collaboratively with you to address your concerns. I will do whatever I can to honor your preferences, while also offering my opinion and expertise to help guide you. I believe my lived experiences allow me to identify deeply with those I work with, while still wearing my professional hat. Whenever possible, I work to identify and address root causes rather than just symptoms. I work with all ages from children to older adults.
If you are struggling with your mental health, and you are looking for a provider who listens non-judgmentally and with empathy, I can help. My philosophy is to listen closely to your preferences and to work collaboratively with you to address your concerns. I will do whatever I can to honor your preferences, while also offering my opinion and expertise to help guide you. I believe my lived experiences allow me to identify deeply with those I work with, while still wearing my professional hat. Whenever possible, I work to identify and address root causes rather than just symptoms. I work with all ages from children to older adults.
(207) 817-2613 View (207) 817-2613
Photo of Erin L Belfort, Psychiatrist, MD, DFAACAP
Erin L Belfort
Psychiatrist, MD, DFAACAP
Portland, ME 04101
I am a Harvard trained psychiatrist practicing in Portland, Maine with more than ten years of experience working with patients of all ages. I am board certified in general psychiatry and child & adolescent psychiatry and have additional training in family therapy. You can find more details on my website: ErinBelfortMD.com
I am a Harvard trained psychiatrist practicing in Portland, Maine with more than ten years of experience working with patients of all ages. I am board certified in general psychiatry and child & adolescent psychiatry and have additional training in family therapy. You can find more details on my website: ErinBelfortMD.com
(207) 496-1856 View (207) 496-1856
Photo of Mark Shaughnessy, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Mark Shaughnessy
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Scarborough, ME 04074
I have been practicing as a psychiatric nurse practitioner for more than 20 years. I employ evidence based treatments to serve adults with depression, anxiety, panic disorder, OCD, bipolar disorder, psychosis, PTSD, ADHD, and other conditions. Medication management is a substantial focus of my practice, but I also offer psychotherapy in the setting of a 30 minute visit or in the more traditional 45 minute session.
I have been practicing as a psychiatric nurse practitioner for more than 20 years. I employ evidence based treatments to serve adults with depression, anxiety, panic disorder, OCD, bipolar disorder, psychosis, PTSD, ADHD, and other conditions. Medication management is a substantial focus of my practice, but I also offer psychotherapy in the setting of a 30 minute visit or in the more traditional 45 minute session.
(207) 358-3975 View (207) 358-3975
Photo of Dr. Amir W. Raad, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP
Dr. Amir W. Raad
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP
Online Only
Dr. Amir Raad is a doctoral-prepared board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner. He relies on evidence-based research and clinical practice in treating and understanding psychiatric disorders. His practice philosophy recognizes mental health disparities to effectively promote culturally sensitive, high-quality patient-centered care. Dr. Raad believes in helping patients discover a healthy stability, balance, and meaning in their lives. He strives to bring awareness, compassion, and professionalism in understanding the patient as a whole person.
Dr. Amir Raad is a doctoral-prepared board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner. He relies on evidence-based research and clinical practice in treating and understanding psychiatric disorders. His practice philosophy recognizes mental health disparities to effectively promote culturally sensitive, high-quality patient-centered care. Dr. Raad believes in helping patients discover a healthy stability, balance, and meaning in their lives. He strives to bring awareness, compassion, and professionalism in understanding the patient as a whole person.
(207) 345-6513 View (207) 345-6513
Photo of Madeleine Reyes, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP, DNP
Madeleine Reyes
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP, DNP
Online Only
Welcome to Salvaje Minds Associates! My name is Dr. Madeleine “Salvaje” Reyes, a Psychiatric Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) who is board certified to see individuals across the lifespan. I completed my Master of Science in Nursing- Advanced Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner from Florida International University (FIU) in 2017 and my Doctorate in Nursing Practice in the mental health field in 2019.
Welcome to Salvaje Minds Associates! My name is Dr. Madeleine “Salvaje” Reyes, a Psychiatric Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) who is board certified to see individuals across the lifespan. I completed my Master of Science in Nursing- Advanced Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner from Florida International University (FIU) in 2017 and my Doctorate in Nursing Practice in the mental health field in 2019.
(207) 306-2524 View (207) 306-2524
Photo of Shelly Miller, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, AGPCNP, PMHNP
Shelly Miller
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, AGPCNP, PMHNP
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
As a psychiatric nurse practitioner I provide medication management for a variety of mental health concerns. By providing sensitive, compassionate care and education, I partner with clients to move toward a better state of wellness. I have a particular interest in professional burn out, cancer survivorship and end of life treatment Please note- I am unable to take on any new clients for controlled substances via telehealth until the DEA rules surrounding this are finalized. This includes stimulant treatment for ADHD and benzodiazepines for anxiety
As a psychiatric nurse practitioner I provide medication management for a variety of mental health concerns. By providing sensitive, compassionate care and education, I partner with clients to move toward a better state of wellness. I have a particular interest in professional burn out, cancer survivorship and end of life treatment Please note- I am unable to take on any new clients for controlled substances via telehealth until the DEA rules surrounding this are finalized. This includes stimulant treatment for ADHD and benzodiazepines for anxiety
(844) 698-3436 View (844) 698-3436
Photo of Theresa Rush, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Theresa Rush
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
A Grateful Mind LLC: As a Maine-based telehealth Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner, I provide high-quality psychiatric evaluations and medication management to clients statewide. My practice emphasizes tailored care based on thorough assessments and evidence-based practices to support your mental health and well-being. Please note that while I offer comprehensive psychiatric care, I do not prescribe or manage stimulants or benzodiazepines. This focus allows me to concentrate on other areas of mental health treatment, ensuring personalized and effective care.
A Grateful Mind LLC: As a Maine-based telehealth Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner, I provide high-quality psychiatric evaluations and medication management to clients statewide. My practice emphasizes tailored care based on thorough assessments and evidence-based practices to support your mental health and well-being. Please note that while I offer comprehensive psychiatric care, I do not prescribe or manage stimulants or benzodiazepines. This focus allows me to concentrate on other areas of mental health treatment, ensuring personalized and effective care.
(207) 804-5978 View (207) 804-5978
Photo of Dr. Nicolas Sikaczowski, Psychiatrist
Dr. Nicolas Sikaczowski
Psychiatrist
Portland, ME 04102
I'm an Adult & Child Psychiatrist accepting new patients, with same month availability! I provide medication management and therapy for children, teens, and adults in-person in Saco and Portland Maine! AND via telehealth across Maine & Florida. I completed 5 years of residency/fellowship in General and Child & Adolescent Psychiatry after completing medical school. I provide unrushed, evidence-based treatment. I allocate 90 minutes for intake appointments and 30 minutes for follow-up visits as well as communication via direct message. I commonly treat ADHD, depression, anxiety, OCD, bipolar, eating disorders, & psychotic disorders.
I'm an Adult & Child Psychiatrist accepting new patients, with same month availability! I provide medication management and therapy for children, teens, and adults in-person in Saco and Portland Maine! AND via telehealth across Maine & Florida. I completed 5 years of residency/fellowship in General and Child & Adolescent Psychiatry after completing medical school. I provide unrushed, evidence-based treatment. I allocate 90 minutes for intake appointments and 30 minutes for follow-up visits as well as communication via direct message. I commonly treat ADHD, depression, anxiety, OCD, bipolar, eating disorders, & psychotic disorders.
(207) 690-6306 View (207) 690-6306
Photo of Shawn Faust, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP
Shawn Faust
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP
Online Only
Dr. Shawn Faust, DNP, PMHNP-BC is a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner who brings a unique and patient-centric approach to the field of mental health. His philosophy centers around the belief that individuals are experts in their own experiences, and collaboration between the patient and their mental health provider is essential for effective and personalized treatment. He believes that informed patients are better equipped to navigate their unique mental health challenges. Thus, treatment with Dr. Faust often involves teaching patients about their diagnosis and discussing the pros and cons of various treatment options.
Dr. Shawn Faust, DNP, PMHNP-BC is a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner who brings a unique and patient-centric approach to the field of mental health. His philosophy centers around the belief that individuals are experts in their own experiences, and collaboration between the patient and their mental health provider is essential for effective and personalized treatment. He believes that informed patients are better equipped to navigate their unique mental health challenges. Thus, treatment with Dr. Faust often involves teaching patients about their diagnosis and discussing the pros and cons of various treatment options.
(336) 515-1193 View (336) 515-1193
Photo of Dr. Denise Vanacore Chase X, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, FNP-BC, PMHNP, PhD
Dr. Denise Vanacore Chase X
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, FNP-BC, PMHNP, PhD
Yarmouth, ME 04096
With an extensive background in nursing and psychiatric care, I am a seasoned Family Nurse Practitioner and Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, dedicated to providing compassionate and comprehensive mental health services. My journey began with a solid foundation in nursing education at Gwynedd Mercy University, where I developed and revised curricula for various nurse practitioner programs, ensuring that future healthcare providers are well-equipped to meet the needs of their patients. My commitment to excellence in mental health care is reflected in my work as a consultant for various organizations, where I've played a key role in it.
With an extensive background in nursing and psychiatric care, I am a seasoned Family Nurse Practitioner and Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, dedicated to providing compassionate and comprehensive mental health services. My journey began with a solid foundation in nursing education at Gwynedd Mercy University, where I developed and revised curricula for various nurse practitioner programs, ensuring that future healthcare providers are well-equipped to meet the needs of their patients. My commitment to excellence in mental health care is reflected in my work as a consultant for various organizations, where I've played a key role in it.
(207) 492-4296 View (207) 492-4296
Photo of Vicki Chandler - Vicki, Healthy Minds Counseling Inc, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Vicki, Healthy Minds Counseling Inc
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
Hello! My name is Vicki Chandler. I'm licensed and board certified as both a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner and a family nurse practitioner. I received my doctorate in nursing from the University of Alabama, besides teaching for 17 years in graduate nursing programs at the University of Memphis and the University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center. Our practice offers a range of medication options for behavioral health issues in both adults and children. We provide personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient's specific needs. We also offer outpatient therapy services.
Hello! My name is Vicki Chandler. I'm licensed and board certified as both a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner and a family nurse practitioner. I received my doctorate in nursing from the University of Alabama, besides teaching for 17 years in graduate nursing programs at the University of Memphis and the University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center. Our practice offers a range of medication options for behavioral health issues in both adults and children. We provide personalized treatment plans tailored to each patient's specific needs. We also offer outpatient therapy services.
(207) 521-9105 View (207) 521-9105
Photo of Shannon Murray, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CRNA, PMHNP, PMH-C
Shannon Murray
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CRNA, PMHNP, PMH-C
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
As the owner and PMHNP-BC at Acadia Psychiatry, PLLC based here in Maine we are now accepting and in-network with Blue Cross Blue Shield/Anthem, Aetna, Cigna, MaineCare, United Healthcare/Optum, Magellan, Community Health Options, Harvard Pilgrim, Medicare Part B. I offer telehealth and In-Person appointments. I believe in working with my clients as a team to accomplish and work towards meeting your mental health goals.
As the owner and PMHNP-BC at Acadia Psychiatry, PLLC based here in Maine we are now accepting and in-network with Blue Cross Blue Shield/Anthem, Aetna, Cigna, MaineCare, United Healthcare/Optum, Magellan, Community Health Options, Harvard Pilgrim, Medicare Part B. I offer telehealth and In-Person appointments. I believe in working with my clients as a team to accomplish and work towards meeting your mental health goals.
(207) 817-2705 View (207) 817-2705

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Borderline Personality (BPD) Psychiatrists

What is the most successful approach to treating borderline personality disorder?

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is considered the gold standard of treatment for borderline personality disorder. An evidence-based treatment, it addresses the extreme emotional reactivity, the relationship difficulties, and the acts of self-harm that create so much distress for BPD patients. DBT is a comprehensive program that includes both regular individual psychotherapy sessions and weekly group sessions of skills training.

What happens in treatment of borderline personality disorder?

Treatment typically consists of weekly individual therapy sessions that last an hour and group skill-focused instructional sessions that may last up to two hours. Patients are typically given homework “assignments” in which they are asked to practice in their daily life the skills they acquire in therapy. Patients also keep a diary tracking their emotions and impulses as a way to know which situations are most problematic and to help them gain control over their own behavior. Difficult situations and feelings are typically reviewed in therapy sessions and more constructive solutions found.

What kinds of problems does BPD treatment help with?

DBT was initially developed to dampen the self-destructive impulses of chronically suicidal patients. It is now the treatment of choice for borderline personality disorder, a serious condition marked by extreme emotional reactivity, relationship instability, and self-injurious behaviors. Treatment of BPD helps patients tolerate the flux of emotions without acting on them, often with a specific focus on tolerating negative emotions. DBT addresses the core problems of BPD—fear of abandonment, low self-esteem, and impulsivity.

What is the goal of treatment in borderline personality disorder?

The goal of treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is to relieve the extreme emotional distress that patients experience—to curb their emotional reactivity, to minimize their inclination to self-harm, and to reduce their impulsivity. Toward these ends, patients are not only taught an array of new coping skills and techniques for emotional regulation, they are given opportunities to practice them. Another major goal of treatment is interpersonal effectiveness; patients learn and problem-solve ways to effectively communicate in relationships, especially how to ask for what they need as a way to minimize hurt feelings.