Therapists in Encinitas, CA

Photo of Kathryn Walker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Encinitas, CA
Kathryn Walker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
Not accepting new clients
It is a helpless feeling when your child is struggling and you don't know how to help them. This pandemic has created a totally new and unexplored environment for our children. I am here to help both you and your child through this difficult time. I work solely with children from birth to 17 years old. I meet my clients where they are by creating a safe and fun space for them so that they feel comfortable talking about tough subjects and facilitating change. I believe that in working with children you must also incorporate their family and I encourage family involvement in all of my treatments.
It is a helpless feeling when your child is struggling and you don't know how to help them. This pandemic has created a totally new and unexplored environment for our children. I am here to help both you and your child through this difficult time. I work solely with children from birth to 17 years old. I meet my clients where they are by creating a safe and fun space for them so that they feel comfortable talking about tough subjects and facilitating change. I believe that in working with children you must also incorporate their family and I encourage family involvement in all of my treatments.
(858) 358-7406 View (858) 358-7406
Photo of Wendy Hill in Encinitas, CA
Wendy Hill
PhD
Not Verified Not Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
Hypnotherapy and psychotherapy. Inner child healing and core belief transformation. I specialize in identifying and transforming the subconscious self-defeating core beliefs that cause relationship/personal conflict, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, addiction, and general unhappiness for individuals and couples. Intuitive, compassionate, experienced. I focus on the root of the problem, not the just symptoms. Holistic focus on emotional and spiritual health and healing. Most sessions are two hours. One hour sessions are too short to make real progress. Over 40 years private practice.
Hypnotherapy and psychotherapy. Inner child healing and core belief transformation. I specialize in identifying and transforming the subconscious self-defeating core beliefs that cause relationship/personal conflict, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, addiction, and general unhappiness for individuals and couples. Intuitive, compassionate, experienced. I focus on the root of the problem, not the just symptoms. Holistic focus on emotional and spiritual health and healing. Most sessions are two hours. One hour sessions are too short to make real progress. Over 40 years private practice.
(760) 563-5268 View (760) 563-5268
Photo of Transformative Marriage and Family Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Encinitas, CA
Transformative Marriage and Family Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
For 25 years I have been doing a specific therapy that is structured with a beginning, middle, and end. It is healing from emotional immaturity due to childhood trauma. It is deep rooted therapy with actual tools and healing of wounds that stop us from living to full potential . Many have referred to it as the most transformative therapy that leads to generations of healing. Ideal client is high functioning with a need to recover from love addiction or love avoidance. I was trained by Pia Melody for the last 10 years. I am passionate about this therapy because of what it does for people. This is a therapy that has a structure.
For 25 years I have been doing a specific therapy that is structured with a beginning, middle, and end. It is healing from emotional immaturity due to childhood trauma. It is deep rooted therapy with actual tools and healing of wounds that stop us from living to full potential . Many have referred to it as the most transformative therapy that leads to generations of healing. Ideal client is high functioning with a need to recover from love addiction or love avoidance. I was trained by Pia Melody for the last 10 years. I am passionate about this therapy because of what it does for people. This is a therapy that has a structure.
(760) 263-6981 View (760) 263-6981
Photo of Sarah Sharpe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Encinitas, CA
Sarah Sharpe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024  (Online Only)
Are you struggling to trust yourself? Are you wanting a deeper spiritual connection, or think you might be going through a spiritual awakening and feel overwhelmed and confused? Maybe you’re facing high sensitivity, people pleasing, anxiety, or perfectionism. These are things I understand on a deep, personal level, and I have a special place in my heart for those facing these challenges. My specialty is combining evidence based practices with spirituality, in order to guide you back to wholeness.
Are you struggling to trust yourself? Are you wanting a deeper spiritual connection, or think you might be going through a spiritual awakening and feel overwhelmed and confused? Maybe you’re facing high sensitivity, people pleasing, anxiety, or perfectionism. These are things I understand on a deep, personal level, and I have a special place in my heart for those facing these challenges. My specialty is combining evidence based practices with spirituality, in order to guide you back to wholeness.
(760) 642-1666 View (760) 642-1666
Photo of Spenser Gabin, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Encinitas, CA
Spenser Gabin
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
The therapeutic relationship can be an invaluable opportunity to foster growth, take intelligent risks, and rewrite unhelpful narratives. Often the most important and difficult changes in life are internal. Moreover, the most critical changes can begin with the acceptance of a painful reality. Sometimes it is helpful to explore these realities with a supportive individual who has some distance from the situation. I find the most successful clients are curious about their own beliefs and feelings. While they want to be challenged, they also believe in the necessity of self-compassion.
The therapeutic relationship can be an invaluable opportunity to foster growth, take intelligent risks, and rewrite unhelpful narratives. Often the most important and difficult changes in life are internal. Moreover, the most critical changes can begin with the acceptance of a painful reality. Sometimes it is helpful to explore these realities with a supportive individual who has some distance from the situation. I find the most successful clients are curious about their own beliefs and feelings. While they want to be challenged, they also believe in the necessity of self-compassion.
(760) 313-3294 View (760) 313-3294
Photo of Tiffany Trent, Marriage & Family Therapist in Encinitas, CA
Tiffany Trent
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
Welcome, I’m glad you’re here. Looking for and choosing a therapist can feel scary and intimidating. If you landed on my page that means you’re searching for something. Relief from emotional torment. Help for your child. Hoping to save your marriage. Recovery from an eating disorder. Maybe you’re searching for healing from trauma that keeps inhibiting your life and relationships. Or for self discovery and your true, authentic self. Whatever you are seeking, you don’t have to do it alone. Humans are relational creatures and we all heal more effectively and achieve goals faster when we are in connection to others.
Welcome, I’m glad you’re here. Looking for and choosing a therapist can feel scary and intimidating. If you landed on my page that means you’re searching for something. Relief from emotional torment. Help for your child. Hoping to save your marriage. Recovery from an eating disorder. Maybe you’re searching for healing from trauma that keeps inhibiting your life and relationships. Or for self discovery and your true, authentic self. Whatever you are seeking, you don’t have to do it alone. Humans are relational creatures and we all heal more effectively and achieve goals faster when we are in connection to others.
(760) 760-1836 View (760) 760-1836
Photo of Alexa Casale, Associate Professional Clinical Counselor in Encinitas, CA
Alexa Casale
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
Currently accepting new clients! :) My belief is that we have innate value and strength to overcome the more challenging or lonely parts of life. I offer a supportive and compassionate space to help you reflect and realize these strengths, and accompany you through your experience. My clients tell me that through sessions they feel heard, understood, and are able to apply practical strategies to relieve suffering. My typical clients are young adults going through life transitions, clients experiencing depression, anxiety, relationship conflict, other interpersonal dilemmas, and individuals suffering from trauma.
Currently accepting new clients! :) My belief is that we have innate value and strength to overcome the more challenging or lonely parts of life. I offer a supportive and compassionate space to help you reflect and realize these strengths, and accompany you through your experience. My clients tell me that through sessions they feel heard, understood, and are able to apply practical strategies to relieve suffering. My typical clients are young adults going through life transitions, clients experiencing depression, anxiety, relationship conflict, other interpersonal dilemmas, and individuals suffering from trauma.
(760) 388-2684 View (760) 388-2684
Photo of John How in Encinitas, CA
John How
MD
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
Hello! I am a board-certified medical doctor with over a decade of experience and has been part of Stella's provider network since 2020. In 2024, my practice was officially acquired by Stella as a Center of Excellence. I specialize in treating an array mental health conditions, with a special interest in healing the physical and mental problems developed in people who work or live in high-stress jobs and environments. I received my medical degree at Loma Linda University School of Medicine in Loma Linda, California. From there, I completed a residency in emergency medicine at Ascension St. John Hospital in Detroit, Michigan.
Hello! I am a board-certified medical doctor with over a decade of experience and has been part of Stella's provider network since 2020. In 2024, my practice was officially acquired by Stella as a Center of Excellence. I specialize in treating an array mental health conditions, with a special interest in healing the physical and mental problems developed in people who work or live in high-stress jobs and environments. I received my medical degree at Loma Linda University School of Medicine in Loma Linda, California. From there, I completed a residency in emergency medicine at Ascension St. John Hospital in Detroit, Michigan.
(760) 389-9233 View (760) 389-9233
Photo of Daiana Chapman, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Encinitas, CA
Daiana Chapman
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Encinitas, CA 92024  (Online Only)
Are you feeling like no one understands you? Having feelings of not belonging and that you don’t even know your own self anymore, I am here to help you to navigate through this feelings of uncertainty and not belonging. Very often, others, like family and friends, can’t understand our trauma and pain, and we don’t want to burden them with it anymore. We feel like a broken record when we share that we aren’t doing well. We are embarrassed that we haven’t healed by now. Healing doesn’t have a timeline. I’m here to help you discover what you need and to make sense of your overwhelming feelings of confusion and anxiety.
Are you feeling like no one understands you? Having feelings of not belonging and that you don’t even know your own self anymore, I am here to help you to navigate through this feelings of uncertainty and not belonging. Very often, others, like family and friends, can’t understand our trauma and pain, and we don’t want to burden them with it anymore. We feel like a broken record when we share that we aren’t doing well. We are embarrassed that we haven’t healed by now. Healing doesn’t have a timeline. I’m here to help you discover what you need and to make sense of your overwhelming feelings of confusion and anxiety.
(760) 214-9743 View (760) 214-9743
Photo of Abhimanyu 'abhi' Ardagh, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Encinitas, CA
Abhimanyu 'abhi' Ardagh
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024  (Online Only)
Axis Mundi would like to present Abhi Ardagh, a Marriage and Family Therapist Trainee, supervised by Elysha Martinez, LMFT 93493. The supervisor works with Abhi to help develop clinical skills and ensure that they provide quality care to you. In today’s fast-paced world, many struggle with self-identity amid societal pressures, leading to dissatisfaction. Often, prioritizing others over oneself affects deep connections. I guide individuals, especially young adults, through self-discovery and growth. My focus is on identity, relationships, and resilience, aiding in a journey towards true self-awareness and a fulfilling life.
Axis Mundi would like to present Abhi Ardagh, a Marriage and Family Therapist Trainee, supervised by Elysha Martinez, LMFT 93493. The supervisor works with Abhi to help develop clinical skills and ensure that they provide quality care to you. In today’s fast-paced world, many struggle with self-identity amid societal pressures, leading to dissatisfaction. Often, prioritizing others over oneself affects deep connections. I guide individuals, especially young adults, through self-discovery and growth. My focus is on identity, relationships, and resilience, aiding in a journey towards true self-awareness and a fulfilling life.
(760) 849-4390 View (760) 849-4390
Photo of Healing Hearts Counseling Center, Counselor in Encinitas, CA
Healing Hearts Counseling Center
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
Our overall mission is to promote behavioral health and wellness for our clients to obtain a high quality of life within themselves, their family, and their community. We work with a wide range of emotional and behavioral issues providing services that include assessment, short-term solution focused interventions, consultation with other providers, and crisis intervention. If you are feeling stuck, stressed from life circumstances, or having trouble adjusting to new transitions, then please contact us. We are here for you!
Our overall mission is to promote behavioral health and wellness for our clients to obtain a high quality of life within themselves, their family, and their community. We work with a wide range of emotional and behavioral issues providing services that include assessment, short-term solution focused interventions, consultation with other providers, and crisis intervention. If you are feeling stuck, stressed from life circumstances, or having trouble adjusting to new transitions, then please contact us. We are here for you!
(760) 648-4057 View (760) 648-4057
Photo of Katherine Queiroz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Encinitas, CA
Katherine Queiroz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Encinitas, CA 92024  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Hello and Welcome! As a therapist with experience in various settings, I bring a wealth of knowledge and skills to my practice. With a deep commitment to helping my clients take care of their mental health, I provide a supportive and non-judgmental environment where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I have extensive experience working with a diverse range of individuals and groups, including children, adolescents, and adults. Ultimately, my goal is to help my clients build the skills and resilience they need to cope with life's challenges and achieve optimal mental health and well-being.
Hello and Welcome! As a therapist with experience in various settings, I bring a wealth of knowledge and skills to my practice. With a deep commitment to helping my clients take care of their mental health, I provide a supportive and non-judgmental environment where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I have extensive experience working with a diverse range of individuals and groups, including children, adolescents, and adults. Ultimately, my goal is to help my clients build the skills and resilience they need to cope with life's challenges and achieve optimal mental health and well-being.
(760) 509-2349 View (760) 509-2349
Photo of Matthew J. Jarvinen, Psychologist in Encinitas, CA
Matthew J. Jarvinen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Encinitas, CA 92024
Hi, I specialize in psychotherapy and have worked in the field of mental health for over 10 years. I am currently accepting new clients as of 4/16/2024. If you are looking for a therapist, there are two things I want you to know:
Hi, I specialize in psychotherapy and have worked in the field of mental health for over 10 years. I am currently accepting new clients as of 4/16/2024. If you are looking for a therapist, there are two things I want you to know:
(916) 507-1447 View (916) 507-1447
Photo of Emily Merryweather, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Encinitas, CA
Emily Merryweather
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, NCC, LPCC
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
Welcome! I'm so glad you are here. I enjoy working to create a safe space to gently process difficult life experiences and to set goals for healthy and well future.
Welcome! I'm so glad you are here. I enjoy working to create a safe space to gently process difficult life experiences and to set goals for healthy and well future.
(760) 642-6529 View (760) 642-6529
Photo of James G Carroll, Marriage & Family Therapist in Encinitas, CA
James G Carroll
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
Therapy is about the connection between you and me. This is the beginning of a profound review of one's life that points to a future with less pain. My calling is to be in this process with you to better health. My speciality is Men. In today's culture they are often left behind; yet men struggle with: lack of purpose, sadness, anxiety, trying to figure out who they are-just like anyone else. James Hollis puts it this way…“Who Am I apart from my history and the roles I have played?” Perhaps you feel the dreams of youth have been derailed or are inconsistent with where you thought you’d be now. Let’s take a look.
Therapy is about the connection between you and me. This is the beginning of a profound review of one's life that points to a future with less pain. My calling is to be in this process with you to better health. My speciality is Men. In today's culture they are often left behind; yet men struggle with: lack of purpose, sadness, anxiety, trying to figure out who they are-just like anyone else. James Hollis puts it this way…“Who Am I apart from my history and the roles I have played?” Perhaps you feel the dreams of youth have been derailed or are inconsistent with where you thought you’d be now. Let’s take a look.
(760) 279-4866 View (760) 279-4866
Photo of Valerie L. Zar, Psychologist in Encinitas, CA
Valerie L. Zar
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Encinitas, CA 92024
Is your pre-teen or teen-age child unusually irritable, withdrawn, sad, angry or tearful? Teens will often open up to therapists when they don't talk to parents. If your teen is refusing school, or not enjoying life, s/he may be struggling with anxiety or depression, inadequate social skills, bullies, feeling different, sexual identity, parental divorce, or body image worries. I offer a warm, nurturing and safe environment for adolescents to share their feelings and start to feel better about themselves. I enjoy helping adolescents and parents find their way during these difficult times.
Is your pre-teen or teen-age child unusually irritable, withdrawn, sad, angry or tearful? Teens will often open up to therapists when they don't talk to parents. If your teen is refusing school, or not enjoying life, s/he may be struggling with anxiety or depression, inadequate social skills, bullies, feeling different, sexual identity, parental divorce, or body image worries. I offer a warm, nurturing and safe environment for adolescents to share their feelings and start to feel better about themselves. I enjoy helping adolescents and parents find their way during these difficult times.
(760) 621-0547 View (760) 621-0547
Photo of Sarah Rewers, Marriage & Family Therapist in Encinitas, CA
Sarah Rewers
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA , LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Encinitas, CA 92023
Many of my clients approach me feeling overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, or burnt out. I’m an experienced therapist who works well with individuals navigating relationship challenges, life transitions, and boundary setting. My approach to psychotherapy is to provide you with a free and protected space to express difficult thoughts and feelings and to facilitate the emergence of your authentic self.
Many of my clients approach me feeling overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, or burnt out. I’m an experienced therapist who works well with individuals navigating relationship challenges, life transitions, and boundary setting. My approach to psychotherapy is to provide you with a free and protected space to express difficult thoughts and feelings and to facilitate the emergence of your authentic self.
(415) 594-4965 View (415) 594-4965
Photo of Dr. Danielle Parker, Psychologist in Encinitas, CA
Dr. Danielle Parker
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
Asking for help is one of the most difficult things to do for yourself or your child. You've taken the first step, so let us help you with the next. My goal is to provide a safe space and build strong therapeutic alliances with all of my clients. I promise to make each treatment plan unique to you in order to fully capture your individual needs and facilitate lasting change. My therapy dog, Bowlby, may greet you at the door and is present to provide comfort and cuddles.
Asking for help is one of the most difficult things to do for yourself or your child. You've taken the first step, so let us help you with the next. My goal is to provide a safe space and build strong therapeutic alliances with all of my clients. I promise to make each treatment plan unique to you in order to fully capture your individual needs and facilitate lasting change. My therapy dog, Bowlby, may greet you at the door and is present to provide comfort and cuddles.
(760) 407-3102 View (760) 407-3102
Photo of Sharon Tawfilis, Marriage & Family Therapist in Encinitas, CA
Sharon Tawfilis
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, EEM-CP
Verified Verified
Encinitas, CA 92024
In the safety of our confidential sessions our work together will include identifying and designing a self-care routine specific to your needs. Identifying, changing and releasing both conscious/unconscious beliefs/blocks to creating the life you desire by empowering you with techniques that you can learn to do yourself. Incorporating entrainment to temporarily change brain waves to assist in accessing clarity and action steps. We all stand on the shoulders of giants whose research and experience we combine to improve the quality of the mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical.
In the safety of our confidential sessions our work together will include identifying and designing a self-care routine specific to your needs. Identifying, changing and releasing both conscious/unconscious beliefs/blocks to creating the life you desire by empowering you with techniques that you can learn to do yourself. Incorporating entrainment to temporarily change brain waves to assist in accessing clarity and action steps. We all stand on the shoulders of giants whose research and experience we combine to improve the quality of the mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical.
(858) 877-9676 View (858) 877-9676
Photo of Jamie Rodin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Encinitas, CA
Jamie Rodin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Encinitas, CA 92024
I am an experienced psychotherapist/psychoanalyst who works with individuals and couples providing guidance, support and encouragement in response to life's challenges. I work collaboratively with clients to increase self awareness and insight, to cope with stress more effectively, to feel better and to lead healthier and happier lives. I focus on people's strengths.
I am an experienced psychotherapist/psychoanalyst who works with individuals and couples providing guidance, support and encouragement in response to life's challenges. I work collaboratively with clients to increase self awareness and insight, to cope with stress more effectively, to feel better and to lead healthier and happier lives. I focus on people's strengths.
(760) 530-4096 View (760) 530-4096

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Encinitas, CA

500+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Encinitas, CA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
70% Self Esteem
65% Stress
64% Grief

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Aetna
60% Cigna and Evernorth
51% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Encinitas, CA see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Encinitas?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.