Psychiatrists in Orlando, FL

Photo of Amber Jane Siegel, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP , PMHNP-C, AGNP-C, EMDRPT, NPT-C
Amber Jane Siegel
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP , PMHNP-C, AGNP-C, EMDRPT, NPT-C
1 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32803
I specialize in medication management and am committed to providing support grounded in confidentiality, compassion, and respect.
I specialize in medication management and am committed to providing support grounded in confidentiality, compassion, and respect.
(321) 495-7553 View (321) 495-7553
Photo of Sylvia Johnson, Psychiatrist, MD
Sylvia Johnson
Psychiatrist, MD
3 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32832
Dr. Johnson is dual Board Certified in Adult and Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and has extensive experience treating mental health conditions. She served as a Psychiatrist in the Army for 9 years and is the former Chief of Behavioral Health at Fort Hood where she supervised over 300 Psychiatrists, Psychologists & Therapists. Currently, Dr. Johnson is an Affiliate Professor of Psychiatry at UCF College of Medicine training the next generation of doctors and the former Associate Program Director of the UCF/HCA Psychiatry Residency Program.
Dr. Johnson is dual Board Certified in Adult and Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and has extensive experience treating mental health conditions. She served as a Psychiatrist in the Army for 9 years and is the former Chief of Behavioral Health at Fort Hood where she supervised over 300 Psychiatrists, Psychologists & Therapists. Currently, Dr. Johnson is an Affiliate Professor of Psychiatry at UCF College of Medicine training the next generation of doctors and the former Associate Program Director of the UCF/HCA Psychiatry Residency Program.
(407) 378-2583 View (407) 378-2583
Photo of Marcelline L Girlie, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, APRN, PMHNP, FNP
Marcelline L Girlie
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, APRN, PMHNP, FNP
11 Endorsed
Online Only
Welcome! I provide comprehensive, individualized, modern and convenient mental health care. I serve children ages 5 and up through adults, supporting those navigating mood concerns, anxiety, attention challenges, and life transitions through accessible telepsychiatry. I believe accessibility is key to effective care and lasting outcomes, which is why I offer telehealth with a warm, personal touch. I prioritize time, comfort, and privacy, and strive to instill hope, insight, inspiration, and empowerment through strong patient-provider partnerships. Care is collaborative, thoughtful, and paced to meet you where you are.
Welcome! I provide comprehensive, individualized, modern and convenient mental health care. I serve children ages 5 and up through adults, supporting those navigating mood concerns, anxiety, attention challenges, and life transitions through accessible telepsychiatry. I believe accessibility is key to effective care and lasting outcomes, which is why I offer telehealth with a warm, personal touch. I prioritize time, comfort, and privacy, and strive to instill hope, insight, inspiration, and empowerment through strong patient-provider partnerships. Care is collaborative, thoughtful, and paced to meet you where you are.
(407) 809-1098 View (407) 809-1098
Photo of Dr. Zainab Saherwala, Psychiatrist, DO
Dr. Zainab Saherwala
Psychiatrist, DO
Orlando, FL 32801
Finding the 'why' behind each patient’s story is at the heart of Dr. Saherwala’s approach. To achieve this, she expertly blends psychodynamic therapy with a strategic use of medication management. Board-certified and dedicated, Dr. Saherwala looks beyond surface-level symptoms to find the root of challenges. With a patient-first approach, she thoroughly explores each case from social, medical, and psychological angles. You will feel truly seen and supported throughout your journey.
Finding the 'why' behind each patient’s story is at the heart of Dr. Saherwala’s approach. To achieve this, she expertly blends psychodynamic therapy with a strategic use of medication management. Board-certified and dedicated, Dr. Saherwala looks beyond surface-level symptoms to find the root of challenges. With a patient-first approach, she thoroughly explores each case from social, medical, and psychological angles. You will feel truly seen and supported throughout your journey.
(857) 244-0119 View (857) 244-0119
Photo of Dr. Enrique Murillo, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Enrique Murillo
Psychiatrist, MD
Orlando, FL 32801
In addition, Dr. Murillo has a strong passion for helping individuals who have not responded adequately to traditional medication treatments. This interest has led him to explore and incorporate alternative and advanced treatment modalities, including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Electroconvulsive Therapy, and Spravato. Currently, he is actively assisting in the initiation and coordination of Spravato treatment for patients in the Orlando area, expanding access to innovative care for treatment-resistant conditions. Outside of work, Dr.
In addition, Dr. Murillo has a strong passion for helping individuals who have not responded adequately to traditional medication treatments. This interest has led him to explore and incorporate alternative and advanced treatment modalities, including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Electroconvulsive Therapy, and Spravato. Currently, he is actively assisting in the initiation and coordination of Spravato treatment for patients in the Orlando area, expanding access to innovative care for treatment-resistant conditions. Outside of work, Dr.
(407) 584-1808 View (407) 584-1808
Photo of Makenson Geffrard, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP-, APRN
Makenson Geffrard
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP-, APRN
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I offer compassionate ,patient-center psychiatric care focused on understanding your unique needs and goal. I work collaboratively with individuals to understand their unique experiences and develop personalized treatment plan that support emotional balance, resilience and long-term wellness. My approach integrates thoughtful medication management with education and therapeutic support, empowering individuals to take an active role in their mental health journey. I am committed to listening carefully, respecting each person's cultural preference, and helping clients move toward improved functioning and quality of life.
I offer compassionate ,patient-center psychiatric care focused on understanding your unique needs and goal. I work collaboratively with individuals to understand their unique experiences and develop personalized treatment plan that support emotional balance, resilience and long-term wellness. My approach integrates thoughtful medication management with education and therapeutic support, empowering individuals to take an active role in their mental health journey. I am committed to listening carefully, respecting each person's cultural preference, and helping clients move toward improved functioning and quality of life.
(772) 309-9406 View (772) 309-9406
Photo of Tracy Moore, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Tracy Moore
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
Hi, I’m Tracy, a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC). I provide compassionate, individualized treatment for children, teens, and adults navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, ADHD, bipolar disorder, life transitions, and other mental health concerns. I have a special passion for supporting those struggling with anxiety, panic attacks, or social isolation. My approach is holistic and patient-centered, looking at mind, body, and spirit. Healing may include medication, lifestyle changes, therapy support, or simply creating a safe space where you feel seen and heard.
Hi, I’m Tracy, a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC). I provide compassionate, individualized treatment for children, teens, and adults navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, ADHD, bipolar disorder, life transitions, and other mental health concerns. I have a special passion for supporting those struggling with anxiety, panic attacks, or social isolation. My approach is holistic and patient-centered, looking at mind, body, and spirit. Healing may include medication, lifestyle changes, therapy support, or simply creating a safe space where you feel seen and heard.
(321) 467-7245 View (321) 467-7245
Photo of Dr. Jose Ruiz - TMS Therapy at LifeStance Health, Psychiatrist, MD
TMS Therapy at LifeStance Health
Psychiatrist, MD
Orlando, FL 32825
Many people choose LifeStance for TMS because the care feels consistent, supportive, and focused on the whole person. TMS is offered within a mental health–focused organization that understands depression can change over time. If you want or need therapy, medication support, or other services during or after TMS, it’s available within the same organization. This continuity helps reduce added stress, letting you work towards healing and feeling better.
Many people choose LifeStance for TMS because the care feels consistent, supportive, and focused on the whole person. TMS is offered within a mental health–focused organization that understands depression can change over time. If you want or need therapy, medication support, or other services during or after TMS, it’s available within the same organization. This continuity helps reduce added stress, letting you work towards healing and feeling better.
(689) 334-1916 View (689) 334-1916
Photo of Tulie Brew - Brew Medical & Rejuvenation Clinic, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, FNP, PMHNP
Brew Medical & Rejuvenation Clinic
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, FNP, PMHNP
Online Only
Happiness, freedom and peace of mind is the goal for all of our patient's. We provide evaluation, treatment and counseling services for various mental health disorders including Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, ADHD, Obesity, PTSD, OCD, amongst others.
Happiness, freedom and peace of mind is the goal for all of our patient's. We provide evaluation, treatment and counseling services for various mental health disorders including Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, ADHD, Obesity, PTSD, OCD, amongst others.
(321) 461-3879 View (321) 461-3879
Photo of Aftab Qadir - Brain and Mind Institute, Psychiatrist, MD
Brain and Mind Institute
Psychiatrist, MD
Orlando, FL 32806
Take the first step towards feeling better with our mental health services. Our team of trained professionals will work with you to develop a personalized treatment plan that fits your unique needs.
Take the first step towards feeling better with our mental health services. Our team of trained professionals will work with you to develop a personalized treatment plan that fits your unique needs.
(407) 246-6620 View (407) 246-6620
Photo of Esther Charles, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNPB
Esther Charles
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNPB
Orlando, FL 32810
You might be dealing with constant anxiety, racing thoughts, ADHD focus struggles, mood swings, panic, sleep problems, or depression that won’t lift. Maybe you’re carrying grief, trauma, relationship stress, substance use concerns, or feeling overwhelmed around parenting or identity. You want relief, steadier emotions, better sleep, and healthier ways to cope, and a place where you don’t have to explain or defend your experience to be understood.
You might be dealing with constant anxiety, racing thoughts, ADHD focus struggles, mood swings, panic, sleep problems, or depression that won’t lift. Maybe you’re carrying grief, trauma, relationship stress, substance use concerns, or feeling overwhelmed around parenting or identity. You want relief, steadier emotions, better sleep, and healthier ways to cope, and a place where you don’t have to explain or defend your experience to be understood.
(407) 584-9176 View (407) 584-9176
Photo of Traci J Hammel - Traci Hammel, NP @ Health e-Care, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, FNP
Traci Hammel, NP @ Health e-Care
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, FNP
Online Only
Many of my patients have anxiety or depression and my goal is to help them (and you!) reach your highest quality of life and become the best version of yourself by supporting both your mind and body. Most are engaged with a therapist and need additional medication support which is my speciality! I am also especially interested in helping women (and their partners!) in the perinatal and postpartum periods as well. If you are open to this possibility and are located in FL or DMV then we may be a great team.
Many of my patients have anxiety or depression and my goal is to help them (and you!) reach your highest quality of life and become the best version of yourself by supporting both your mind and body. Most are engaged with a therapist and need additional medication support which is my speciality! I am also especially interested in helping women (and their partners!) in the perinatal and postpartum periods as well. If you are open to this possibility and are located in FL or DMV then we may be a great team.
(321) 321-7220 View (321) 321-7220
Photo of Dr. Henry Boilini, Psychiatrist, MD, FAPA
Dr. Henry Boilini
Psychiatrist, MD, FAPA
1 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32822
I am a board-certified psychiatrist with over 26 years of experience in treating a range of mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, OCD, PTSD, adult ADHD, substance use, and psychosis. In addition to clinical practice, I train residents and medical students as an assistant Professor of Psychiatry at UCF Medical School. I draw on my extensive neuroscience experience with managing multiple medications and complex medical conditions to provide careful and personalized treatments informed by the most current medical evidence.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist with over 26 years of experience in treating a range of mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, OCD, PTSD, adult ADHD, substance use, and psychosis. In addition to clinical practice, I train residents and medical students as an assistant Professor of Psychiatry at UCF Medical School. I draw on my extensive neuroscience experience with managing multiple medications and complex medical conditions to provide careful and personalized treatments informed by the most current medical evidence.
(321) 450-7458 View (321) 450-7458
Photo of Brady Bradshaw, Psychiatrist, MD
Brady Bradshaw
Psychiatrist, MD
3 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32814
Brady Bradshaw, M.D. is dual board certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology in Adult Psychiatry and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. She specializes in the evidence-based treatment of mood, anxiety and mental health disorders. Extensively trained in psychopharmacology and psychotherapy at the University of Miami, she offers a comprehensive, personalized approach that is tailored to her patients' individual needs. Through telepsychiatry, Dr. Bradshaw is able to deliver individualized care in the comfort and privacy of your home.
Brady Bradshaw, M.D. is dual board certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology in Adult Psychiatry and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. She specializes in the evidence-based treatment of mood, anxiety and mental health disorders. Extensively trained in psychopharmacology and psychotherapy at the University of Miami, she offers a comprehensive, personalized approach that is tailored to her patients' individual needs. Through telepsychiatry, Dr. Bradshaw is able to deliver individualized care in the comfort and privacy of your home.
(407) 236-4172 View (407) 236-4172
Photo of Alexeis Menendez Suarez, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Alexeis Menendez Suarez
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
¿Te sientes abrumado por la ansiedad, la depresión o los desafíos diarios del TDAH? Encontrar un espacio donde te entiendan profundamente, sin barreras culturales ni de idioma, es el primer paso hacia tu bienestar. Soy Alexeis Menéndez Suárez, enfermero practicante especialista en psiquiatría y salud mental (PMHNP-BC), y fundador de SteadyMind Psychiatry. Mi misión es ofrecerte un tratamiento psiquiátrico de alta calidad, compasivo y 100% en español, desde la comodidad y privacidad de tu hogar a través de telemedicina.
¿Te sientes abrumado por la ansiedad, la depresión o los desafíos diarios del TDAH? Encontrar un espacio donde te entiendan profundamente, sin barreras culturales ni de idioma, es el primer paso hacia tu bienestar. Soy Alexeis Menéndez Suárez, enfermero practicante especialista en psiquiatría y salud mental (PMHNP-BC), y fundador de SteadyMind Psychiatry. Mi misión es ofrecerte un tratamiento psiquiátrico de alta calidad, compasivo y 100% en español, desde la comodidad y privacidad de tu hogar a través de telemedicina.
(321) 285-1070 View (321) 285-1070
Photo of Lucienne Chalas, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP-B
Lucienne Chalas
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP-B
Orlando, FL 32827
Lucy Chalas, APRN, helps patients and families find stability, clarity, and relief through thoughtful psychiatric medication management for a wide range of mental health conditions. Practicing with LifeStance Health in Florida, she provides care for children, adolescents, teens, adults, and seniors, creating individualized treatment plans that reflect each patient’s symptoms, medical history, and life circumstances. Her approach blends compassionate listening with evidence-based prescribing to support long-term mental wellness across the lifespan.
Lucy Chalas, APRN, helps patients and families find stability, clarity, and relief through thoughtful psychiatric medication management for a wide range of mental health conditions. Practicing with LifeStance Health in Florida, she provides care for children, adolescents, teens, adults, and seniors, creating individualized treatment plans that reflect each patient’s symptoms, medical history, and life circumstances. Her approach blends compassionate listening with evidence-based prescribing to support long-term mental wellness across the lifespan.
(321) 850-3126 View (321) 850-3126
Photo of Dr. Davida Nicole Miller, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, FNP-C, PMHNP
Dr. Davida Nicole Miller
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, FNP-C, PMHNP
2 Endorsed
Online Only
You may be feeling overwhelmed, emotionally exhausted, anxious, depressed, or struggling to balance the many roles you carry. You might be seeking clarity, stability, healing, and a safe space to be truly heard without judgment. My ideal clients are individuals navigating stress, trauma, mood disorders, life transitions, relationship challenges, and the pressures of high responsibility. You want peace of mind, emotional strength, and practical tools to reclaim control of your life and feel whole again. And I’m here to help.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, emotionally exhausted, anxious, depressed, or struggling to balance the many roles you carry. You might be seeking clarity, stability, healing, and a safe space to be truly heard without judgment. My ideal clients are individuals navigating stress, trauma, mood disorders, life transitions, relationship challenges, and the pressures of high responsibility. You want peace of mind, emotional strength, and practical tools to reclaim control of your life and feel whole again. And I’m here to help.
(321) 342-1664 View (321) 342-1664
Photo of Dr. Stephen Pickstone - Care Clinic, Psychiatrist
Care Clinic
Psychiatrist
Orlando, FL 32801
At the CARE Clinic, we provide our patients with up-to-date, evidenced based practices along with some of the most experienced and dedicated healthcare professionals in the field. Our mission has been to provide quality care in a safe environment - earning us a reputation as the clinic most often recommended by family members and colleagues alike. From Addiction Medicine to Brain Health and Wellness, our personalized services allow us to cater to your individual needs. We truly believe that recovery can be a reality for everyone.
At the CARE Clinic, we provide our patients with up-to-date, evidenced based practices along with some of the most experienced and dedicated healthcare professionals in the field. Our mission has been to provide quality care in a safe environment - earning us a reputation as the clinic most often recommended by family members and colleagues alike. From Addiction Medicine to Brain Health and Wellness, our personalized services allow us to cater to your individual needs. We truly believe that recovery can be a reality for everyone.
(321) 321-9927 View (321) 321-9927
Photo of Carline Jean, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP
Carline Jean
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, mood changes, attention difficulties, or major life transitions? You may feel disconnected from yourself, struggling to focus, sleep, or find emotional balance—and unsure where to turn next. If you’re seeking thoughtful, respectful care with a provider who truly listens, you deserve support that helps you regain clarity, stability, and confidence in your daily life.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, mood changes, attention difficulties, or major life transitions? You may feel disconnected from yourself, struggling to focus, sleep, or find emotional balance—and unsure where to turn next. If you’re seeking thoughtful, respectful care with a provider who truly listens, you deserve support that helps you regain clarity, stability, and confidence in your daily life.
(863) 880-1741 View (863) 880-1741
Photo of Dr. Richard Lazarus, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP, MHNPR-C
Dr. Richard Lazarus
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP, MHNPR-C
3 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32804
Hello, my name is Dr. Richard Lazarus. I am a Psychiatry Nurse Practitioner with doctoral preparation and residency training. I graduated from the esteemed Orlando VA Mental Health NP Residency where I trained to address chronically ill and complex mental health disorders. My doctoral degree was earned from FIU where I was also bestowed the honorable Outstanding Graduate Award for unparalleled service to the community, academic excellence, and scholarly contributions. With these qualifications and benchmarks, I strive to approach your needs with empathy and expertise.
Hello, my name is Dr. Richard Lazarus. I am a Psychiatry Nurse Practitioner with doctoral preparation and residency training. I graduated from the esteemed Orlando VA Mental Health NP Residency where I trained to address chronically ill and complex mental health disorders. My doctoral degree was earned from FIU where I was also bestowed the honorable Outstanding Graduate Award for unparalleled service to the community, academic excellence, and scholarly contributions. With these qualifications and benchmarks, I strive to approach your needs with empathy and expertise.
(904) 675-1038 View (904) 675-1038

See more therapy options for Orlando

How does your Psychiatrist compare?

Number of Psychiatrists in Orlando, FL

400+

Average cost per session

$150

Psychiatrists in Orlando, FL who prioritize treating:

96% Depression
96% Anxiety
82% Bipolar Disorder
80% ADHD
77% Medication Management
72% Trauma and PTSD
67% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% Aetna
95% Cigna and Evernorth
77% Optum

How Psychiatrists in Orlando, FL see their clients

53% Online Only
47% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

71% Female
29% Male
FAQs - About Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Nurses

How can I find a psychiatrist in Orlando?

The Psychology Today Directory enables users to search specifically for psychiatrists by selecting the provider type from the drop-down menu, and filtering results by city, zip code, or the psychiatrist's name. The search results feature detailed profiles that outline each professional's treatment approach, areas of expertise, credentials, fees, payment options, and accepted insurance. Results include both psychiatrists (MDs) and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), who hold advanced practice nursing degrees. Users can refine their search for a specific type of psychiatric provider using the "Provider Type" filter.

What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?

Psychiatrists are medical specialists dedicated to understanding, diagnosing, and treating brain disorders and mental health conditions. As physicians, they are trained to identify the often subtle biological factors underlying mental disorders and to monitor how mental health treatments may impact other physical conditions, such as heart disease. Psychiatrists are licensed to prescribe medication and typically conduct shorter sessions that focus on medication management rather than intensive psychotherapy.

In contrast, psychologists are particularly attuned to the impact of early experiences on development, behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes. They often take a holistic approach to assessing and treating clients, considering aspects of personality and social functioning. Although psychologists cannot prescribe medication, they are frequently skilled in administering psychological tests—such as IQ tests, personality assessments, and behavioral evaluations—to assess an individual's functioning. Psychologists often engage in longer, more psychotherapy-focused sessions compared to psychiatrists.

What is a psychiatric nurse practitioner and what is the difference with a psychiatrist?

A psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), also known as a mental health nurse practitioner or psychiatric nurse practitioner, is an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who has completed advanced training in psychiatric care, earning at least a master’s degree in psychiatric nursing. To become Board-Certified (PMHNP-BC), psychiatric nurse practitioners must also pass a national exam that tests their clinical psychiatric knowledge.

Like psychiatrists, PMHNPs are trained to assess, diagnose, and treat mental health conditions. However, PMHNPs and psychiatrists differ in their training experience. While PMHNPs can complete their credentialing requirements (full bachelor's and master's degree training) in as few as 6 years, psychiatrists often spend upwards of 12 years to complete their bachelor's, medical doctorate degree, and residency training requirements. Because of training differences, some states require PMHNPs to be supervised by or enter into a collaborative agreement with a physician in order to prescribe medication.

When deciding to work with a psychiatrist or PMHNP, clients should consider factors such therapeutic fit, cost, and availability. Psychiatrists may have more substantial training in treating more severe psychiatric conditions, as well as in providing more specialized treatment services, such as child psychiatry. However, psychiatrists may be inaccessible to some clients, as their cost and availability may be prohibitive. It can often be easier for clients to find a PMHNP with openings for new clients when compared to psychiatrists, and PMHNPs may also offer lower cost treatment options for clients looking to minimize out-of-pocket costs.

Can a psychiatrist or a PMHNP prescribe medication?

The Psychology Today directory features two primary types of psychiatric professionals: psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs). Both are generally authorized to prescribe psychiatric medications. In 28 states, PMHNPs have full practice authority, allowing them to provide the complete spectrum of psychiatric care, including independent medication prescribing and management. In other states, however, PMHNPs are required to work under the supervision or in collaboration with a physician to prescribe medication. Both psychiatrists and PMHNPs may also offer additional services, such as psychotherapy, counseling, and care coordination, for clients seeking psychiatric care.

Do psychiatrists or PMHNPs offer therapy?

Both psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) are generally trained in a number of treatment modalities, including traditional psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), pharmacotherapy, and, occasionally, various somatic therapies. Typically, psychiatrists and PMHNPs make a diagnosis and determine a course of treatment based on chemical or biological factors, using lab tests, brain scans and physical and psychological evaluations.

While psychotherapy may be used in the first session to aid in diagnosis, it is not typically utilized in subsequent visits. In fact, after the introductory session, most psychiatry sessions may only be 15-20 minutes in length and are largely focused on medication management; this is frequently the case for both psychiatrists and PMHNPs. However, medication providers who do not offer psychotherapy usually work collaboratively with psychologists and other mental health clinicians who do offer these services, and they can refer clients seeking more traditional psychotherapy services to their care.

How do I know if I need a psychiatrist, a PMHNP, or a therapist?

It is not always easy to know which type of mental health practitioner to choose. Many people are unaware of the root of their mental or behavioral problem and may be unaware of the differences in support provided by various mental health professionals. One way many people learn which type of care is best for them is by seeing their primary care provider (PCP) first. Depending on the nature and severity of the symptoms, the PCP may review their medical history and provide guidance or a referral to the appropriate type of provider.

A referral to a psychiatrist or PMHNP is most often made when a client is in need of psychiatric medication management or assessment. These professionals are specifically trained to prescribe psychiatric medications, when necessary, for a client; however, they generally do not provide supportive psychotherapy on an ongoing basis. A therapist or psychologist, in contrast, can provide supportive psychotherapy but is unable to prescribe medications. Because of their unique roles, some clients see both a medication prescriber (either a psychiatrist or PMHNP) and a therapist at the same time to address their psychiatric concerns holistically. Many psychiatrists and psychologists are very open to referring clients to other professionals if unable to meet the client's needs or if they think the client could use additional support from a different type of professional.

Do I need a referral to see a psychiatrist or a PMHNP?

A referral to a psychiatrist or psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) is often not required. However, consulting your primary care physician (PCP) first can be beneficial and may streamline the process of getting the care you need. Your PCP can help determine whether psychiatric care is necessary or if another type of mental health support might be more appropriate. Additionally, some insurance plans require a PCP referral to cover part or all of the costs associated with seeing a specialist. Obtaining a referral can also expedite the appointment process, particularly in areas with provider shortages or for clients seeking specialists in fields like child psychiatry.

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed professional?

Yes, all professionals listed in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory are licensed to provide mental health services in the state(s) where they practice. The directory includes a variety of providers such as psychiatrists, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), physician assistants, psychologists, social workers, and counselors. Each provider must hold a valid license issued by their state regulatory body to be listed. In addition, Psychology Today offers a verification process for certain providers, signified by a 'Verified' symbol next to their profile. This badge indicates that the provider’s primary credential or license has been independently verified by Psychology Today.