Psychiatrists in Orlando, FL

Photo of Mia McNeil, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, NP
Mia McNeil
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, NP
Online Only
If you are seeking compassionate care delivered with a client-centered and evidence-based treatment approach, then I invite you to take the next step to work with me. I treat children 10 +, teens and adults seeking psychiatric evaluations and ongoing medication management services. I specialize in the treatment of depressive disorders and anxiety disorders. I use a whole-person approach and aim to deliver inclusive and culturally competent care.
If you are seeking compassionate care delivered with a client-centered and evidence-based treatment approach, then I invite you to take the next step to work with me. I treat children 10 +, teens and adults seeking psychiatric evaluations and ongoing medication management services. I specialize in the treatment of depressive disorders and anxiety disorders. I use a whole-person approach and aim to deliver inclusive and culturally competent care.
(321) 392-6908 View (321) 392-6908
Photo of Dr. Alexander Sidawi, Psychiatrist, DO
Dr. Alexander Sidawi
Psychiatrist, DO
1 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32819
Are you feeling down or out of energy? Finding it hard to enjoy life? Always on edge or nervous? Maybe you’re overwhelmed to the point you can’t eat, sleep, or get things finished. Perhaps you’re feeling lonely and isolated?
Are you feeling down or out of energy? Finding it hard to enjoy life? Always on edge or nervous? Maybe you’re overwhelmed to the point you can’t eat, sleep, or get things finished. Perhaps you’re feeling lonely and isolated?
(407) 900-9656 View (407) 900-9656
Photo of Dr. Enrique Vargas, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Enrique Vargas
Psychiatrist, MD
2 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32822
I am a board-certified psychiatrist with over a decade of experience in both clinical practice and academic medicine. As an Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Central Florida, I actively train resident physicians across multiple specialties as well as medical students. My approach to care is grounded in delivering comprehensive, evidence-based, and compassionate psychiatric treatment tailored to the individual needs of each patient.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist with over a decade of experience in both clinical practice and academic medicine. As an Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Central Florida, I actively train resident physicians across multiple specialties as well as medical students. My approach to care is grounded in delivering comprehensive, evidence-based, and compassionate psychiatric treatment tailored to the individual needs of each patient.
(321) 360-4861 View (321) 360-4861
Photo of Nesrin Abu Ata, Psychiatrist, MD
Nesrin Abu Ata
Psychiatrist, MD
1 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32816
We all tend to seek help when what we are doing is no longer working, or we feel stuck , dissatisfied or our life is out of control, or someone we care about says that we should get help. I view these pivotal moments as potential moments of alchemy, if we are willing to be mindful with what is, staying with our experience and working through it. Remaining mindFUL allows the experience to teach us what we are supposed to learn, if we are open to it. I am here to support you as you go through your journey, face your challenges, identify patterns with you that keep you feel stuck so that you can be more free to be your best self.
We all tend to seek help when what we are doing is no longer working, or we feel stuck , dissatisfied or our life is out of control, or someone we care about says that we should get help. I view these pivotal moments as potential moments of alchemy, if we are willing to be mindful with what is, staying with our experience and working through it. Remaining mindFUL allows the experience to teach us what we are supposed to learn, if we are open to it. I am here to support you as you go through your journey, face your challenges, identify patterns with you that keep you feel stuck so that you can be more free to be your best self.
(321) 342-2974 View (321) 342-2974
Photo of Mehdi Bubba Thomas, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Mehdi Bubba Thomas
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
Welcoming New Patients! Bubba is a board-certified Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) at Bonmente, a full-service mental health clinic that offers online appointments, accepts insurance (Aetna, Anthem, Blue Cross, Cigna, United, and more), and has same-week appointments available. A military veteran, Bubba has a keen interest in caring for military members, veterans, and their families. With a commitment to optimizing medications while minimizing polypharmacy, he practices holistic care, acknowledging the intricate connection between mental health and physical, emotional, and social well-being.
Welcoming New Patients! Bubba is a board-certified Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) at Bonmente, a full-service mental health clinic that offers online appointments, accepts insurance (Aetna, Anthem, Blue Cross, Cigna, United, and more), and has same-week appointments available. A military veteran, Bubba has a keen interest in caring for military members, veterans, and their families. With a commitment to optimizing medications while minimizing polypharmacy, he practices holistic care, acknowledging the intricate connection between mental health and physical, emotional, and social well-being.
(689) 308-1333 View (689) 308-1333
Photo of Ilka Sephus, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, FNP, PMHNP, APRN
Ilka Sephus
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, FNP, PMHNP, APRN
Orlando, FL 32825
Ilka Sephus, FNP, PMHNP, APRN provides compassionate and evidence-based mental health care to individuals across Florida, helping children, teens, and adults navigate life's challenges and improve their emotional well-being. With expertise in treating ADHD, anxiety, and PTSD/trauma, Ilka offers personalized care tailored to each client's unique needs and goals. Whether supporting a child with behavioral concerns, guiding a teenager through academic and social pressures, or empowering an adult to manage stress and achieve balance, Ilka is committed to fostering resilience and growth.Ilka Sephus, FNP, PMHNP, APRN provides compassionat
Ilka Sephus, FNP, PMHNP, APRN provides compassionate and evidence-based mental health care to individuals across Florida, helping children, teens, and adults navigate life's challenges and improve their emotional well-being. With expertise in treating ADHD, anxiety, and PTSD/trauma, Ilka offers personalized care tailored to each client's unique needs and goals. Whether supporting a child with behavioral concerns, guiding a teenager through academic and social pressures, or empowering an adult to manage stress and achieve balance, Ilka is committed to fostering resilience and growth.Ilka Sephus, FNP, PMHNP, APRN provides compassionat
(321) 216-9827 View (321) 216-9827
Photo of Dr. Mottsin Thomas, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Mottsin Thomas
Psychiatrist, MD
Online Only
Welcoming new patients! I am Dr. Mottsin Thomas, MD, a board-certified psychiatrist at Bonmente. You may be navigating anxiety, depression, or a complex mood disorder, feeling that past treatments haven't fully addressed your needs. My ideal client is seeking more than just a prescription; you want to feel truly heard, understood, and validated. Whether you are facing trauma, ADHD, or treatment resistant depression, my goal is to offer a safe, culturally sensitive space where we can find
Welcoming new patients! I am Dr. Mottsin Thomas, MD, a board-certified psychiatrist at Bonmente. You may be navigating anxiety, depression, or a complex mood disorder, feeling that past treatments haven't fully addressed your needs. My ideal client is seeking more than just a prescription; you want to feel truly heard, understood, and validated. Whether you are facing trauma, ADHD, or treatment resistant depression, my goal is to offer a safe, culturally sensitive space where we can find
(321) 475-7366 View (321) 475-7366
Photo of Karla Flores, Psychiatrist, MD
Karla Flores
Psychiatrist, MD
Orlando, FL 32822
My ideal clients are individuals who may be struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, or the challenges of balancing physical and mental well-being. They might feel overwhelmed, misunderstood, or stuck, hoping not only for symptom relief but also for a deeper sense of healing, resilience, and meaning in their lives. Many are ready for change and seek a compassionate professional who will listen, guide, and support their unique journey.
My ideal clients are individuals who may be struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, or the challenges of balancing physical and mental well-being. They might feel overwhelmed, misunderstood, or stuck, hoping not only for symptom relief but also for a deeper sense of healing, resilience, and meaning in their lives. Many are ready for change and seek a compassionate professional who will listen, guide, and support their unique journey.
(321) 257-9256 View (321) 257-9256
Photo of Millian Okafor, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Millian Okafor
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Dr. Millian Okafor, DNP, has over 17 years of clinical experience, 7 of those years as an Advanced nurse practitioner. She earned a Doctorate in Nursing from South University, a Post Master’s Degree in Mental Health at Liberty University, a Master of Science in Family Nurse Practitioner and an Adult Geriatric Nurse Practitioner from South University Savannah, Georgia. I have extensive diverse experience working with various age groups. I have held various positions in hospitals in critical care units and worked in private practices in the community as a Nurse practitioner.
Dr. Millian Okafor, DNP, has over 17 years of clinical experience, 7 of those years as an Advanced nurse practitioner. She earned a Doctorate in Nursing from South University, a Post Master’s Degree in Mental Health at Liberty University, a Master of Science in Family Nurse Practitioner and an Adult Geriatric Nurse Practitioner from South University Savannah, Georgia. I have extensive diverse experience working with various age groups. I have held various positions in hospitals in critical care units and worked in private practices in the community as a Nurse practitioner.
(407) 753-7398 View (407) 753-7398
Photo of Dr. Zainab Saherwala, Psychiatrist, DO
Dr. Zainab Saherwala
Psychiatrist, DO
Orlando, FL 32801
Finding the 'why' behind each patient’s story is at the heart of Dr. Saherwala’s approach. To achieve this, she expertly blends psychodynamic therapy with a strategic use of medication management. Board-certified and dedicated, Dr. Saherwala looks beyond surface-level symptoms to find the root of challenges. With a patient-first approach, she thoroughly explores each case from social, medical, and psychological angles. You will feel truly seen and supported throughout your journey.
Finding the 'why' behind each patient’s story is at the heart of Dr. Saherwala’s approach. To achieve this, she expertly blends psychodynamic therapy with a strategic use of medication management. Board-certified and dedicated, Dr. Saherwala looks beyond surface-level symptoms to find the root of challenges. With a patient-first approach, she thoroughly explores each case from social, medical, and psychological angles. You will feel truly seen and supported throughout your journey.
(857) 244-0119 View (857) 244-0119
Photo of Dr. Enrique Murillo, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Enrique Murillo
Psychiatrist, MD
Orlando, FL 32801
In addition, Dr. Murillo has a strong passion for helping individuals who have not responded adequately to traditional medication treatments. This interest has led him to explore and incorporate alternative and advanced treatment modalities, including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Electroconvulsive Therapy, and Spravato. Currently, he is actively assisting in the initiation and coordination of Spravato treatment for patients in the Orlando area, expanding access to innovative care for treatment-resistant conditions. Outside of work, Dr.
In addition, Dr. Murillo has a strong passion for helping individuals who have not responded adequately to traditional medication treatments. This interest has led him to explore and incorporate alternative and advanced treatment modalities, including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Electroconvulsive Therapy, and Spravato. Currently, he is actively assisting in the initiation and coordination of Spravato treatment for patients in the Orlando area, expanding access to innovative care for treatment-resistant conditions. Outside of work, Dr.
(407) 584-1808 View (407) 584-1808
Photo of Miguel Rodriguez - WellStead Mental Health - Orlando, Psychiatrist
Children (ages 13+), adolescents, adults, couples, and families seeking hope and healing for emotional, behavioral, or relationship concerns. Our clients include those facing anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, mood and sleep issues, severe mental illness, and those struggling with life transitions. We welcome individuals from all backgrounds to a compassionate space focused on personalized care and long-term growth.
Children (ages 13+), adolescents, adults, couples, and families seeking hope and healing for emotional, behavioral, or relationship concerns. Our clients include those facing anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, mood and sleep issues, severe mental illness, and those struggling with life transitions. We welcome individuals from all backgrounds to a compassionate space focused on personalized care and long-term growth.
(407) 890-0744 View (407) 890-0744
Photo of Heather Ann Klawuhn, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, FNP-BC
Heather Ann Klawuhn
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, FNP-BC
Online Only
Hi, I’m Heather Klawuhn. As a United States Army combat veteran, I’ve seen firsthand how trauma, depression, and anxiety can impact lives. As a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner and family nurse practitioner, I take a whole-person approach—because mental and physical health go hand in hand. I believe true healing comes from caring for both the mind and body. Together, we can work toward lasting, meaningful health.
Hi, I’m Heather Klawuhn. As a United States Army combat veteran, I’ve seen firsthand how trauma, depression, and anxiety can impact lives. As a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner and family nurse practitioner, I take a whole-person approach—because mental and physical health go hand in hand. I believe true healing comes from caring for both the mind and body. Together, we can work toward lasting, meaningful health.
(407) 305-6885 View (407) 305-6885
Photo of Sylvia Johnson, Psychiatrist, MD
Sylvia Johnson
Psychiatrist, MD
3 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32832
Dr. Johnson is dual Board Certified in Adult and Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and has extensive experience treating mental health conditions. She served as a Psychiatrist in the Army for 9 years and is the former Chief of Behavioral Health at Fort Hood where she supervised over 300 Psychiatrists, Psychologists & Therapists. Currently, Dr. Johnson is an Affiliate Professor of Psychiatry at UCF College of Medicine training the next generation of doctors and the former Associate Program Director of the UCF/HCA Psychiatry Residency Program.
Dr. Johnson is dual Board Certified in Adult and Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and has extensive experience treating mental health conditions. She served as a Psychiatrist in the Army for 9 years and is the former Chief of Behavioral Health at Fort Hood where she supervised over 300 Psychiatrists, Psychologists & Therapists. Currently, Dr. Johnson is an Affiliate Professor of Psychiatry at UCF College of Medicine training the next generation of doctors and the former Associate Program Director of the UCF/HCA Psychiatry Residency Program.
(407) 378-2583 View (407) 378-2583
Photo of Rubens Jean-Baptiste, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Rubens Jean-Baptiste
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
Hello, I'm Rubens Jean-Baptiste, a Psychiatric and a Primary care provider; A Graduate from NOVA South Eastern University, Post Graduate from University of Cincinnati, and a Foreign Medical Graduate; I’m here to help you with your mental health needs.
Hello, I'm Rubens Jean-Baptiste, a Psychiatric and a Primary care provider; A Graduate from NOVA South Eastern University, Post Graduate from University of Cincinnati, and a Foreign Medical Graduate; I’m here to help you with your mental health needs.
(407) 559-2039 View (407) 559-2039
Photo of Richardo Boyd - Harmony Psychiatric Services, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Harmony Psychiatric Services
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
1 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32827
I thank you for taking the time to read my bio. I know that the healthcare field is a calling, and one of my life missions is to impact others positively. I went explicitly into psychiatry because, during high school I felt there were only a few subjects I could apply to everyday life. Everything starts with the mind, and as the famous quote states, “I think therefore I am.” First are the thoughts, whether conscious or unconscious, then feelings, i.e., emotions, and then actions. Thoughts, feelings, and actions encompass our daily lives and must be in harmony in order for us to live up to our full potential.
I thank you for taking the time to read my bio. I know that the healthcare field is a calling, and one of my life missions is to impact others positively. I went explicitly into psychiatry because, during high school I felt there were only a few subjects I could apply to everyday life. Everything starts with the mind, and as the famous quote states, “I think therefore I am.” First are the thoughts, whether conscious or unconscious, then feelings, i.e., emotions, and then actions. Thoughts, feelings, and actions encompass our daily lives and must be in harmony in order for us to live up to our full potential.
(321) 567-1794 View (321) 567-1794
Photo of Dr. Anne Phan-Huy, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Anne Phan-Huy
Psychiatrist, MD
Orlando, FL 32801
Dr. Phan-Huy's philosophy of care is all about you. Your beliefs, your experiences, your goals. By partnering with Dr. Phan-Huy, you will be empowered with the tools necessary to achieve fulfilment. That’s because – with Board certification in psychiatry and specialty training from the University of Michigan – Dr. Phan-Huy is a beacon of clarity in the complex world of mental health.
Dr. Phan-Huy's philosophy of care is all about you. Your beliefs, your experiences, your goals. By partnering with Dr. Phan-Huy, you will be empowered with the tools necessary to achieve fulfilment. That’s because – with Board certification in psychiatry and specialty training from the University of Michigan – Dr. Phan-Huy is a beacon of clarity in the complex world of mental health.
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Photo of Alicia Bulin, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Alicia Bulin
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Online Only
Welcoming New Patients! Alicia is a board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) at Bonmente, a full-service mental health clinic that offers online appointments, accepts insurance (Aetna, Anthem, Blue Cross, Cigna, United, and more), and has same-week appointments available. She has more than 15 years of experience providing compassionate, evidence-based mental health care. Known for her compassionate, constructive approach, she supports her clients to make practical, sustaining changes to improve mental wellbeing. She also offers medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for alcohol and opioid use disorders.
Welcoming New Patients! Alicia is a board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) at Bonmente, a full-service mental health clinic that offers online appointments, accepts insurance (Aetna, Anthem, Blue Cross, Cigna, United, and more), and has same-week appointments available. She has more than 15 years of experience providing compassionate, evidence-based mental health care. Known for her compassionate, constructive approach, she supports her clients to make practical, sustaining changes to improve mental wellbeing. She also offers medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for alcohol and opioid use disorders.
(321) 467-7252 View (321) 467-7252
Photo of Devin Grey, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP
Devin Grey
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP
1 Endorsed
Orlando, FL 32804
Hi, I’m Devin Grey, a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I earned my degree from the University of Toledo Medical Center and have a passion for helping individuals navigate their mental health journey. I specialize in treating depression, anxiety, ADHD, and mood disorders, and I’m committed to creating a supportive, judgment free space where you can feel heard and empowered.
Hi, I’m Devin Grey, a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I earned my degree from the University of Toledo Medical Center and have a passion for helping individuals navigate their mental health journey. I specialize in treating depression, anxiety, ADHD, and mood disorders, and I’m committed to creating a supportive, judgment free space where you can feel heard and empowered.
(321) 517-0905 View (321) 517-0905
Photo of Mottsin Thomas - Bonmente , Psychiatrist, MD
Bonmente
Psychiatrist, MD
Online Only
Accepting New Patients – Welcome to Bonmente! We know asking for help takes courage, and finding the right provider shouldn’t add stress. That’s why we offer same-week appointments and can often see you within 3–5 days. We accept most major insurance plans (including Aetna, Anthem Blue Shield, Blue Cross, Cigna, and United) and provide care through compassionate, highly trained professionals. With insurance-covered telemedicine sessions, you can connect from the comfort of home or office. Our supportive team makes starting your mental health journey simple, so you can focus on what matters most — feeling better and moving forward.
Accepting New Patients – Welcome to Bonmente! We know asking for help takes courage, and finding the right provider shouldn’t add stress. That’s why we offer same-week appointments and can often see you within 3–5 days. We accept most major insurance plans (including Aetna, Anthem Blue Shield, Blue Cross, Cigna, and United) and provide care through compassionate, highly trained professionals. With insurance-covered telemedicine sessions, you can connect from the comfort of home or office. Our supportive team makes starting your mental health journey simple, so you can focus on what matters most — feeling better and moving forward.
(689) 319-9890 View (689) 319-9890

See more therapy options for Orlando

How does your Psychiatrist compare?

Number of Psychiatrists in Orlando, FL

400+

Average cost per session

$150

Psychiatrists in Orlando, FL who prioritize treating:

96% Depression
96% Anxiety
83% Bipolar Disorder
81% ADHD
76% Medication Management
72% Trauma and PTSD
66% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% Aetna
94% Cigna and Evernorth
77% Optum

How Psychiatrists in Orlando, FL see their clients

52% Online Only
48% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

70% Female
29% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Nurses

How can I find a psychiatrist in Orlando?

The Psychology Today Directory enables users to search specifically for psychiatrists by selecting the provider type from the drop-down menu, and filtering results by city, zip code, or the psychiatrist's name. The search results feature detailed profiles that outline each professional's treatment approach, areas of expertise, credentials, fees, payment options, and accepted insurance. Results include both psychiatrists (MDs) and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), who hold advanced practice nursing degrees. Users can refine their search for a specific type of psychiatric provider using the "Provider Type" filter.

What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?

Psychiatrists are medical specialists dedicated to understanding, diagnosing, and treating brain disorders and mental health conditions. As physicians, they are trained to identify the often subtle biological factors underlying mental disorders and to monitor how mental health treatments may impact other physical conditions, such as heart disease. Psychiatrists are licensed to prescribe medication and typically conduct shorter sessions that focus on medication management rather than intensive psychotherapy.

In contrast, psychologists are particularly attuned to the impact of early experiences on development, behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes. They often take a holistic approach to assessing and treating clients, considering aspects of personality and social functioning. Although psychologists cannot prescribe medication, they are frequently skilled in administering psychological tests—such as IQ tests, personality assessments, and behavioral evaluations—to assess an individual's functioning. Psychologists often engage in longer, more psychotherapy-focused sessions compared to psychiatrists.

What is a psychiatric nurse practitioner and what is the difference with a psychiatrist?

A psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), also known as a mental health nurse practitioner or psychiatric nurse practitioner, is an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who has completed advanced training in psychiatric care, earning at least a master’s degree in psychiatric nursing. To become Board-Certified (PMHNP-BC), psychiatric nurse practitioners must also pass a national exam that tests their clinical psychiatric knowledge.

Like psychiatrists, PMHNPs are trained to assess, diagnose, and treat mental health conditions. However, PMHNPs and psychiatrists differ in their training experience. While PMHNPs can complete their credentialing requirements (full bachelor's and master's degree training) in as few as 6 years, psychiatrists often spend upwards of 12 years to complete their bachelor's, medical doctorate degree, and residency training requirements. Because of training differences, some states require PMHNPs to be supervised by or enter into a collaborative agreement with a physician in order to prescribe medication.

When deciding to work with a psychiatrist or PMHNP, clients should consider factors such therapeutic fit, cost, and availability. Psychiatrists may have more substantial training in treating more severe psychiatric conditions, as well as in providing more specialized treatment services, such as child psychiatry. However, psychiatrists may be inaccessible to some clients, as their cost and availability may be prohibitive. It can often be easier for clients to find a PMHNP with openings for new clients when compared to psychiatrists, and PMHNPs may also offer lower cost treatment options for clients looking to minimize out-of-pocket costs.

Can a psychiatrist or a PMHNP prescribe medication?

The Psychology Today directory features two primary types of psychiatric professionals: psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs). Both are generally authorized to prescribe psychiatric medications. In 28 states, PMHNPs have full practice authority, allowing them to provide the complete spectrum of psychiatric care, including independent medication prescribing and management. In other states, however, PMHNPs are required to work under the supervision or in collaboration with a physician to prescribe medication. Both psychiatrists and PMHNPs may also offer additional services, such as psychotherapy, counseling, and care coordination, for clients seeking psychiatric care.

Do psychiatrists or PMHNPs offer therapy?

Both psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) are generally trained in a number of treatment modalities, including traditional psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), pharmacotherapy, and, occasionally, various somatic therapies. Typically, psychiatrists and PMHNPs make a diagnosis and determine a course of treatment based on chemical or biological factors, using lab tests, brain scans and physical and psychological evaluations.

While psychotherapy may be used in the first session to aid in diagnosis, it is not typically utilized in subsequent visits. In fact, after the introductory session, most psychiatry sessions may only be 15-20 minutes in length and are largely focused on medication management; this is frequently the case for both psychiatrists and PMHNPs. However, medication providers who do not offer psychotherapy usually work collaboratively with psychologists and other mental health clinicians who do offer these services, and they can refer clients seeking more traditional psychotherapy services to their care.

How do I know if I need a psychiatrist, a PMHNP, or a therapist?

It is not always easy to know which type of mental health practitioner to choose. Many people are unaware of the root of their mental or behavioral problem and may be unaware of the differences in support provided by various mental health professionals. One way many people learn which type of care is best for them is by seeing their primary care provider (PCP) first. Depending on the nature and severity of the symptoms, the PCP may review their medical history and provide guidance or a referral to the appropriate type of provider.

A referral to a psychiatrist or PMHNP is most often made when a client is in need of psychiatric medication management or assessment. These professionals are specifically trained to prescribe psychiatric medications, when necessary, for a client; however, they generally do not provide supportive psychotherapy on an ongoing basis. A therapist or psychologist, in contrast, can provide supportive psychotherapy but is unable to prescribe medications. Because of their unique roles, some clients see both a medication prescriber (either a psychiatrist or PMHNP) and a therapist at the same time to address their psychiatric concerns holistically. Many psychiatrists and psychologists are very open to referring clients to other professionals if unable to meet the client's needs or if they think the client could use additional support from a different type of professional.

Do I need a referral to see a psychiatrist or a PMHNP?

A referral to a psychiatrist or psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) is often not required. However, consulting your primary care physician (PCP) first can be beneficial and may streamline the process of getting the care you need. Your PCP can help determine whether psychiatric care is necessary or if another type of mental health support might be more appropriate. Additionally, some insurance plans require a PCP referral to cover part or all of the costs associated with seeing a specialist. Obtaining a referral can also expedite the appointment process, particularly in areas with provider shortages or for clients seeking specialists in fields like child psychiatry.

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed professional?

Yes, all professionals listed in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory are licensed to provide mental health services in the state(s) where they practice. The directory includes a variety of providers such as psychiatrists, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), physician assistants, psychologists, social workers, and counselors. Each provider must hold a valid license issued by their state regulatory body to be listed. In addition, Psychology Today offers a verification process for certain providers, signified by a 'Verified' symbol next to their profile. This badge indicates that the provider’s primary credential or license has been independently verified by Psychology Today.