Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Mike Unhoch, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Mike Unhoch
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, LPC, ALMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
Not accepting new clients
I work with individuals, couples, and relationships of all kinds (straight and LGBTQ+). I consider societal and cultural influences while helping clients to explore their relationship/intimacy issues, sexuality, identity, struggles with depression, anxiety, trauma, and other mental health concerns. I take a sex positive approach and am attuned to the needs of poly, non-monogamous, open, kink, and BDSM clients.
I work with individuals, couples, and relationships of all kinds (straight and LGBTQ+). I consider societal and cultural influences while helping clients to explore their relationship/intimacy issues, sexuality, identity, struggles with depression, anxiety, trauma, and other mental health concerns. I take a sex positive approach and am attuned to the needs of poly, non-monogamous, open, kink, and BDSM clients.
(773) 839-4653 View (773) 839-4653
Photo of Somer Muhs, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Somer Muhs
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60606  (Online Only)
Hello, my name is Somer, and I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) based in Illinois. I am also licensed in Indiana as a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC). I received my Master’s of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Ball State University. My clinical training included both a low income university clinic treating children and adults, and a community mental health facility where I treated children, adolescents, families, and foster families. I have volunteer experience with the National Suicide Hotline, working with adult female victims of domestic violence, and working with people experiencing povert
Hello, my name is Somer, and I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) based in Illinois. I am also licensed in Indiana as a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC). I received my Master’s of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Ball State University. My clinical training included both a low income university clinic treating children and adults, and a community mental health facility where I treated children, adolescents, families, and foster families. I have volunteer experience with the National Suicide Hotline, working with adult female victims of domestic violence, and working with people experiencing povert
(224) 435-4770 View (224) 435-4770
Photo of Ellie Schwartzman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Ellie Schwartzman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
You want to connect, but too often your efforts end with you feeling more alone. There are so many miscommunications and hurt feelings. You’re trying to be authentic – but it feels like you’re not heard - not really seen. The last thing you want is to set yourself up to be hurt again. Your plans and interests are little comfort when you feel so isolated and disconnected and trusting others seems to come with so much risk. Know that this is not how it has to be. You can have the relationships and experiences you want – not simply settling for what is available. It's common to feel lost and unsure or where to begin.
You want to connect, but too often your efforts end with you feeling more alone. There are so many miscommunications and hurt feelings. You’re trying to be authentic – but it feels like you’re not heard - not really seen. The last thing you want is to set yourself up to be hurt again. Your plans and interests are little comfort when you feel so isolated and disconnected and trusting others seems to come with so much risk. Know that this is not how it has to be. You can have the relationships and experiences you want – not simply settling for what is available. It's common to feel lost and unsure or where to begin.
(312) 734-1593 View (312) 734-1593
Photo of Christopher Allen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Christopher Allen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614
Christopher Allen is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Illinois who has been practicing since 2020. Christopher completed his undergraduate degree in Psychology at Purdue University and his Master's degree from the Indiana University School of Social Work at IUPUI. He has experience working with a variety of populations including individuals spanning from teens to geriatric patients, substance use disorders, college students, couples, and older adults. Christopher has worked in a variety of environments including private practice, inpatient, outpatient clinic, schools, and community-based treatments.
Christopher Allen is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Illinois who has been practicing since 2020. Christopher completed his undergraduate degree in Psychology at Purdue University and his Master's degree from the Indiana University School of Social Work at IUPUI. He has experience working with a variety of populations including individuals spanning from teens to geriatric patients, substance use disorders, college students, couples, and older adults. Christopher has worked in a variety of environments including private practice, inpatient, outpatient clinic, schools, and community-based treatments.
(872) 231-0604 View (872) 231-0604
Photo of Armica McCray, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Armica McCray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, CADC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Armica, and I am a therapist specializing in working with adults individuals aged 18 and over. My goal is to help individuals become the best versions of themselves. I work with my clients to understand their unique circumstances and determine the skills and techniques they need to ensure that they are leading the life they wish to live.
Hello! My name is Armica, and I am a therapist specializing in working with adults individuals aged 18 and over. My goal is to help individuals become the best versions of themselves. I work with my clients to understand their unique circumstances and determine the skills and techniques they need to ensure that they are leading the life they wish to live.
(773) 992-1711 View (773) 992-1711
Photo of Andrea Lissuzzo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Andrea Lissuzzo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
As a licensed clinical social worker with 25 years of experience in mental health, I have worked with a variety of populations in multiple settings, including outpatient, inpatient, residential, judicial, and educational. As a psychiatric social worker for a large medical system, I provided direct service to individuals struggling with a range of mental health issues, including anxiety, depression, stress, and relationship and parenting issues. My collaborative, problem-solving approach to working with clients helps them better understand, navigate, and overcome the challenges of life.
As a licensed clinical social worker with 25 years of experience in mental health, I have worked with a variety of populations in multiple settings, including outpatient, inpatient, residential, judicial, and educational. As a psychiatric social worker for a large medical system, I provided direct service to individuals struggling with a range of mental health issues, including anxiety, depression, stress, and relationship and parenting issues. My collaborative, problem-solving approach to working with clients helps them better understand, navigate, and overcome the challenges of life.
(773) 912-0146 View (773) 912-0146
Photo of Joe Bova, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Joe Bova
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60647  (Online Only)
We all have a story. How we choose to tell it is up to us. Owning and finding strength in our struggles is our superpower. It empowers us to keep moving forward, to be active participants in our lives, and allows us to write the next chapter! I want to hear your story and help you to explore what the next chapter could look like.
We all have a story. How we choose to tell it is up to us. Owning and finding strength in our struggles is our superpower. It empowers us to keep moving forward, to be active participants in our lives, and allows us to write the next chapter! I want to hear your story and help you to explore what the next chapter could look like.
(773) 207-5329 View (773) 207-5329
Photo of Ellen Rosendale, LCSW, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Ellen Rosendale, LCSW, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60615  (Online Only)
A time of stress is one of the most common reasons to seek therapy. People also often enter counseling after experiencing a loss or a looming loss, whether it concerns a health crisis, relationship, divorce, job, the death of a loved one, or a major disappointment. My goal is to develop a warm and trusting working relationship with every client so that they have the opportunity to explore their thinking and feelings in a setting that is safe and secure. My work is solution-focused and evidenced-based. Ultimately, the goal of any therapy is life enhancement.
A time of stress is one of the most common reasons to seek therapy. People also often enter counseling after experiencing a loss or a looming loss, whether it concerns a health crisis, relationship, divorce, job, the death of a loved one, or a major disappointment. My goal is to develop a warm and trusting working relationship with every client so that they have the opportunity to explore their thinking and feelings in a setting that is safe and secure. My work is solution-focused and evidenced-based. Ultimately, the goal of any therapy is life enhancement.
(773) 207-3220 View (773) 207-3220
Photo of Ana N Hedenstrom, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Ana N Hedenstrom
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
I believe that all healing happens within connection. All personal healing, in turn heals the collective. You are the creator of your own life. We will move down a path of self-actualization and change, utilizing your personal strengths to guide us. I am passionate about facilitating creative, client-centered and culturally-centered therapy. You are the expert on your life, and I will support you in transformative self-reflection and embodiment. When it comes to PTSD and trauma, I use somatic practices, EMDR Flash Technique, art therapy and attachment theory.
I believe that all healing happens within connection. All personal healing, in turn heals the collective. You are the creator of your own life. We will move down a path of self-actualization and change, utilizing your personal strengths to guide us. I am passionate about facilitating creative, client-centered and culturally-centered therapy. You are the expert on your life, and I will support you in transformative self-reflection and embodiment. When it comes to PTSD and trauma, I use somatic practices, EMDR Flash Technique, art therapy and attachment theory.
(872) 204-0432 View (872) 204-0432
Photo of Mark Petroelje, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Mark Petroelje
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
I offer insight-oriented psychotherapy that is highly attuned to the effects of trauma, stigma, and shame. I focus on creating an environment of acceptance and affirmation, promoting authentic self expression and facilitating emotional healing. I believe in helping clients understand how past experiences impact their current behaviors and relationships, and I utilize the therapeutic relationship to foster self-awareness and interpersonal skills.
I offer insight-oriented psychotherapy that is highly attuned to the effects of trauma, stigma, and shame. I focus on creating an environment of acceptance and affirmation, promoting authentic self expression and facilitating emotional healing. I believe in helping clients understand how past experiences impact their current behaviors and relationships, and I utilize the therapeutic relationship to foster self-awareness and interpersonal skills.
(773) 717-5615 View (773) 717-5615
Photo of Sima Sohanaki, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Sima Sohanaki
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
Are you searching for a more meaningful life with purpose, love, and acceptance? Most of us experience events that become roadblocks to having a fulfilled life. My clients find relief, growth, and healing when we work together with tenderness and courage to better understand and move through those roadblocks. I am here to help you discover your voice, feel connected, heard, seen, and understood. "Between stimulus and response there is a space. In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom"- Victor Frankl
Are you searching for a more meaningful life with purpose, love, and acceptance? Most of us experience events that become roadblocks to having a fulfilled life. My clients find relief, growth, and healing when we work together with tenderness and courage to better understand and move through those roadblocks. I am here to help you discover your voice, feel connected, heard, seen, and understood. "Between stimulus and response there is a space. In that space is our power to choose our response. In our response lies our growth and our freedom"- Victor Frankl
(872) 233-4990 View (872) 233-4990
Photo of Mirna Ballestas, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Mirna Ballestas
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60625  (Online Only)
We all have rainy days. Likewise, we all have sunny days, cloudy days, and all other variations that enable us to live a fulfilled life. Yet for some of us, sometimes the 'not great' days last weeks, at times months, and even years. This makes life just that much harder to live. It makes relationships hard to make and keep, makes it difficult to succeed in school or work and impairs our ability to complete even the simplest of tasks. We can work together in order to embrace these experiences, cope with hardship in a healthy manner, move forward and live each day to the fullest.
We all have rainy days. Likewise, we all have sunny days, cloudy days, and all other variations that enable us to live a fulfilled life. Yet for some of us, sometimes the 'not great' days last weeks, at times months, and even years. This makes life just that much harder to live. It makes relationships hard to make and keep, makes it difficult to succeed in school or work and impairs our ability to complete even the simplest of tasks. We can work together in order to embrace these experiences, cope with hardship in a healthy manner, move forward and live each day to the fullest.
(872) 246-9837 View (872) 246-9837
Photo of Cynthia L Mazura, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Cynthia L Mazura
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
Are you struggling with emotions, relationships, behaviors, or life circumstances that are interfering with living the life you dream of, or once had? For over 20 years, I have compassionately and effectively helped individuals and couples alleviate distress and increase self-understanding and life satisfaction. Your therapy will be tailored specifically for you as we collaborate to understand your concerns and strengths as well as plan for improving your life and relationships. My work with you will be respectful, empathic, and interactive.
Are you struggling with emotions, relationships, behaviors, or life circumstances that are interfering with living the life you dream of, or once had? For over 20 years, I have compassionately and effectively helped individuals and couples alleviate distress and increase self-understanding and life satisfaction. Your therapy will be tailored specifically for you as we collaborate to understand your concerns and strengths as well as plan for improving your life and relationships. My work with you will be respectful, empathic, and interactive.
(773) 796-4579 View (773) 796-4579
Photo of Rachael Dobis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Rachael Dobis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CYT
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
If you are feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or stuck, you don’t have to manage everything alone, I’m here to help. I am a compassionate and non-judgmental therapist who can support you in exploring barriers, behaviors, and thought patterns that are keeping you feeling stuck. I work to create a warm and empathic space that allows you to feel heard and understood. I take a client centered and feminist approach. Together we can work to identify meaningful goals, build awareness of your strengths and capabilities, develop effective coping skills, and cultivate hope.
If you are feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or stuck, you don’t have to manage everything alone, I’m here to help. I am a compassionate and non-judgmental therapist who can support you in exploring barriers, behaviors, and thought patterns that are keeping you feeling stuck. I work to create a warm and empathic space that allows you to feel heard and understood. I take a client centered and feminist approach. Together we can work to identify meaningful goals, build awareness of your strengths and capabilities, develop effective coping skills, and cultivate hope.
(872) 242-2195 View (872) 242-2195
Photo of Whit Lilly, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Whit Lilly
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60603
Whether you want to make a change in your life or are recovering from life events through which you have already changed, my aim is to support the transformational processes that are taking place in you. Change can be daunting or painful, and it can also open up the possibility of living more fully and feeling more real. Together, we will explore the meaning that things have for you and learn to attend to the parts of you that have not been in a position to surface before. I facilitate change through expansion and reorientation around what is, at a deeper level, known.
Whether you want to make a change in your life or are recovering from life events through which you have already changed, my aim is to support the transformational processes that are taking place in you. Change can be daunting or painful, and it can also open up the possibility of living more fully and feeling more real. Together, we will explore the meaning that things have for you and learn to attend to the parts of you that have not been in a position to surface before. I facilitate change through expansion and reorientation around what is, at a deeper level, known.
(773) 902-0195 View (773) 902-0195
Photo of Taylor Leisher, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Taylor Leisher
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60602
Psychotherapy provides an opportunity for a deepened experience, where we can learn both about how you came to be who you are, and how you can grow towards something new. I recognize this process as inherently vulnerable, and as such I offer warm gentleness with honest words, to help you feel comfortable within the therapeutic process to explore yourself and engage the world and your relationships in newfound ways.
Psychotherapy provides an opportunity for a deepened experience, where we can learn both about how you came to be who you are, and how you can grow towards something new. I recognize this process as inherently vulnerable, and as such I offer warm gentleness with honest words, to help you feel comfortable within the therapeutic process to explore yourself and engage the world and your relationships in newfound ways.
(312) 535-6474 View (312) 535-6474
Photo of Patricia Nolan, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Patricia Nolan
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60604
You may feel lost or need help understanding your experiences. It can often feel overwhelming or like you are not always present in the world. You may long to be close to others and, simultaneously, fear or distrust connection. You may feel stuck or questioning how you want to show up in the world. When we carry the weight of unspeakable pain or unspoken words that linger within, the echoes of our past sometimes interfere with creating an enlivened life in the present. Looking at everything that led you to this moment, you can choose what to do next and make meaningful changes in your life.
You may feel lost or need help understanding your experiences. It can often feel overwhelming or like you are not always present in the world. You may long to be close to others and, simultaneously, fear or distrust connection. You may feel stuck or questioning how you want to show up in the world. When we carry the weight of unspeakable pain or unspoken words that linger within, the echoes of our past sometimes interfere with creating an enlivened life in the present. Looking at everything that led you to this moment, you can choose what to do next and make meaningful changes in your life.
(630) 642-6049 View (630) 642-6049
Photo of Danielle Bertini, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Danielle Bertini
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
I believe that the therapeutic relationship is at the crux of change. Through this lens, I offer a safe and empathic space for clients to explore their inner world. Counseling is not just for those experiencing a life crisis or a current difficulty— it is an opportunity to learn new skills, gain new insights, and position oneself for increased health and wellness. Every client is unique and needs something different from the therapeutic process. Pulling from a variety of modalities, I tailor techniques in a creative way to fit those needs. Through working together, I believe that I can help you find your way to the path for growth.
I believe that the therapeutic relationship is at the crux of change. Through this lens, I offer a safe and empathic space for clients to explore their inner world. Counseling is not just for those experiencing a life crisis or a current difficulty— it is an opportunity to learn new skills, gain new insights, and position oneself for increased health and wellness. Every client is unique and needs something different from the therapeutic process. Pulling from a variety of modalities, I tailor techniques in a creative way to fit those needs. Through working together, I believe that I can help you find your way to the path for growth.
(773) 840-0415 View (773) 840-0415
Photo of Amy Manzolillo, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Amy Manzolillo
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MHC, ATR-P
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
My specialties include working with individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, OCD, PTSD, addiction, dealing with creative block, and other mood disorders. From the beginning of our therapeutic relationship, I want to find out what makes you, your goals, and how you would like to achieve them. I am dual-certified in clinical and art therapy and find that art can significantly benefit the therapeutic process. No matter what making art looks like for you, or even if you would like to make art, I am here to help guide you through your therapeutic journey.
My specialties include working with individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, OCD, PTSD, addiction, dealing with creative block, and other mood disorders. From the beginning of our therapeutic relationship, I want to find out what makes you, your goals, and how you would like to achieve them. I am dual-certified in clinical and art therapy and find that art can significantly benefit the therapeutic process. No matter what making art looks like for you, or even if you would like to make art, I am here to help guide you through your therapeutic journey.
(872) 206-9703 View (872) 206-9703
Photo of Rachel Sharp, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Rachel Sharp
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60608  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm Rachel. I graduated from Northwestern University in 2014 with a Masters in Counseling Psychology specializing in Child and Adolescent Psychology. I have been trained in EMDR, worked with trauma in the inner-city of Chicago and am very well versed in this department. I am LGBTQI affirming. My clients have said I have a warm presence. My therapeutic approach is client-centered- I use expressive/art therapy techniques, focus on internal family systems and parts work (essentially looking at oneself through a lens of functional parts, some more at the forefront than others). I offer free 15 min consultations.
Hi! I'm Rachel. I graduated from Northwestern University in 2014 with a Masters in Counseling Psychology specializing in Child and Adolescent Psychology. I have been trained in EMDR, worked with trauma in the inner-city of Chicago and am very well versed in this department. I am LGBTQI affirming. My clients have said I have a warm presence. My therapeutic approach is client-centered- I use expressive/art therapy techniques, focus on internal family systems and parts work (essentially looking at oneself through a lens of functional parts, some more at the forefront than others). I offer free 15 min consultations.
(773) 900-6731 View (773) 900-6731

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.