Therapists in Carlsbad, CA

Photo of BondFire Project Trauma-Informed Group Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
BondFire Project Trauma-Informed Group Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008  (Online Only)
We work best with military, veterans, first responders and those "raging against the dying of the light" to work with both the individual and their partners relationship in group settings. Being a 12-Year Military Veteran and First Responder we understand how the military community prides itself on its closeness and camaraderie — its strength in numbers. But Veterans transitioning into civilian life after military service may be surprised to find themselves without the system of support that they have come to know and rely on. This thing we do so others may live, love, work and play well. Joe Whitcomb, PsyDc, LMFT AF Veteran
We work best with military, veterans, first responders and those "raging against the dying of the light" to work with both the individual and their partners relationship in group settings. Being a 12-Year Military Veteran and First Responder we understand how the military community prides itself on its closeness and camaraderie — its strength in numbers. But Veterans transitioning into civilian life after military service may be surprised to find themselves without the system of support that they have come to know and rely on. This thing we do so others may live, love, work and play well. Joe Whitcomb, PsyDc, LMFT AF Veteran
(442) 200-0567 View (442) 200-0567
Photo of Amanda (Reider) V. Nemeth, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Amanda (Reider) V. Nemeth
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
My approach to working with clients is holistic, creative, and grounded in the specific story of each client. Through empathy, authenticity, and curiosity I help create a new vision for hope as I journey with my clients on their path toward healing. I have experience working with individual adults of all ages, couples, and families.
My approach to working with clients is holistic, creative, and grounded in the specific story of each client. Through empathy, authenticity, and curiosity I help create a new vision for hope as I journey with my clients on their path toward healing. I have experience working with individual adults of all ages, couples, and families.
(208) 647-4328 View (208) 647-4328
Photo of Cyndie Claypool de Neve, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Cyndie Claypool de Neve
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CCTP
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Do your emotions feel overwhelming? Has anxiety or fear gripped your heart? Does daily life feel exhausting? Or do you crave better connections in your relationships? Cyndie Claypool de Neve, LMFT, is an author, speaker and therapist who wants to help you, your child and/or your family be the best version of yourselves. Cyndie comes from an empathetic, strength-based approach, weaving in personality insights and personalized coping skills to help increase a sense of peace and clarity, as she gently looks at past hurts and trauma to bring healing to the present and hope to the future.
Do your emotions feel overwhelming? Has anxiety or fear gripped your heart? Does daily life feel exhausting? Or do you crave better connections in your relationships? Cyndie Claypool de Neve, LMFT, is an author, speaker and therapist who wants to help you, your child and/or your family be the best version of yourselves. Cyndie comes from an empathetic, strength-based approach, weaving in personality insights and personalized coping skills to help increase a sense of peace and clarity, as she gently looks at past hurts and trauma to bring healing to the present and hope to the future.
(442) 239-4987 View (442) 239-4987
Photo of R. Scott Turner, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
R. Scott Turner
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Welcome! I know it isn't easy to find a therapist, so I'll get to the point: I strive to create a safe, supportive, non-judgmental, and validating environment to explore challenges, get stuff off your chest, get to the root of the challenges, and cultivate willingness toward making meaningful changes in your life. Everything else that happens in therapy (tools, methods, modalities) starts from here, and my number one priority is creating a positive, safe relationship that supports your desire to change.
Welcome! I know it isn't easy to find a therapist, so I'll get to the point: I strive to create a safe, supportive, non-judgmental, and validating environment to explore challenges, get stuff off your chest, get to the root of the challenges, and cultivate willingness toward making meaningful changes in your life. Everything else that happens in therapy (tools, methods, modalities) starts from here, and my number one priority is creating a positive, safe relationship that supports your desire to change.
(442) 227-3971 View (442) 227-3971
Photo of Jennifer Corke, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Jennifer Corke
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92011
It isn't easy asking for help and you don't have to go through this alone, I can help. I see individuals, couples, families, and teens. I use a nonjudgmental and compassionate approach to help individuals build understanding, practice new skills, reduce stressors, improve coping and feel more connected and joyful. Over the last 24 years, I've helped thousands of clients make small changes that make big differences in terms of happiness and fulfillment.
It isn't easy asking for help and you don't have to go through this alone, I can help. I see individuals, couples, families, and teens. I use a nonjudgmental and compassionate approach to help individuals build understanding, practice new skills, reduce stressors, improve coping and feel more connected and joyful. Over the last 24 years, I've helped thousands of clients make small changes that make big differences in terms of happiness and fulfillment.
(619) 473-5596 View (619) 473-5596
Photo of Jennifer Michelle Palmer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Jennifer Michelle Palmer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
I want every person to know that seeking help and taking the first steps toward recovery, healing and change takes courage and strength. My own journey and experiences led me into the field of marriage and family therapy where I have the honor to walk alongside others with compassion, empathy and guidance. I specialize in the treatment of eating disorders, anxiety, depression and co-occurring disorders in adolescents and adults. I also hold experience and knowledge in working with families and individuals struggling through grief, life transitions and relationships.
I want every person to know that seeking help and taking the first steps toward recovery, healing and change takes courage and strength. My own journey and experiences led me into the field of marriage and family therapy where I have the honor to walk alongside others with compassion, empathy and guidance. I specialize in the treatment of eating disorders, anxiety, depression and co-occurring disorders in adolescents and adults. I also hold experience and knowledge in working with families and individuals struggling through grief, life transitions and relationships.
(760) 621-7154 View (760) 621-7154
Photo of Adrienne Levy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Adrienne Levy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Tired of crying yourself to sleep, blowing up "for no reason", feeling "on edge" and nervous, bickering with significant others, and feeling the need to defend yourself ? Chronic conflict and stress can leave us feeling drained and exhausted, with little hope for the future and no desire to try again. Your life and relationships may be "stuck" in a cycle of unmet needs and misunderstandings. Few of us grew up in ideal families or learning all we need to know about managing conflict and expressing our needs and emotions effectively.
Tired of crying yourself to sleep, blowing up "for no reason", feeling "on edge" and nervous, bickering with significant others, and feeling the need to defend yourself ? Chronic conflict and stress can leave us feeling drained and exhausted, with little hope for the future and no desire to try again. Your life and relationships may be "stuck" in a cycle of unmet needs and misunderstandings. Few of us grew up in ideal families or learning all we need to know about managing conflict and expressing our needs and emotions effectively.
(760) 994-4203 View (760) 994-4203
Photo of Susan Laurance, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Susan Laurance
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
I have been licensed as a Marriage and Family Therapist for thirty years and I am a Jungian Analyst-in-training. I help people develop healthier relationships with both their loved ones and their own inner worlds. Through an attitude of deep respect and attention to the inner world a sense of connection and self-compassion develops within the individual. I work with teens and young adults, guiding them as they struggle with individuation from parents and peers and supporting their development of self-confidence and esteem. I help people in all life transitions to find inner guidance, direction and meaning.
I have been licensed as a Marriage and Family Therapist for thirty years and I am a Jungian Analyst-in-training. I help people develop healthier relationships with both their loved ones and their own inner worlds. Through an attitude of deep respect and attention to the inner world a sense of connection and self-compassion develops within the individual. I work with teens and young adults, guiding them as they struggle with individuation from parents and peers and supporting their development of self-confidence and esteem. I help people in all life transitions to find inner guidance, direction and meaning.
(760) 301-5811 View (760) 301-5811
Photo of Robert C Irwin, Psychologist in Carlsbad, CA
Robert C Irwin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92010  (Online Only)
Robert Irwin, Ph.D., Clinical and Professional Psychologist and the founder and CEO of the Sport of Mind Inc,. Specializes as a clinical psychologist with a cutting edge mindset from neuroscience. He realizes that life is about how our perceptions have created current predominant beliefs. From this premise, he created the "Belief Matrix" and the "IDEAL Plan". Over 5000 clients have utilized this clinically proven and scientific approach to overcoming life's obstacles. He utilizes the recent neuroscience discoveries (including NeuroFeedback) in fitness and health using the conscious brain to re-program the all powerful subconscious beliefs.
Robert Irwin, Ph.D., Clinical and Professional Psychologist and the founder and CEO of the Sport of Mind Inc,. Specializes as a clinical psychologist with a cutting edge mindset from neuroscience. He realizes that life is about how our perceptions have created current predominant beliefs. From this premise, he created the "Belief Matrix" and the "IDEAL Plan". Over 5000 clients have utilized this clinically proven and scientific approach to overcoming life's obstacles. He utilizes the recent neuroscience discoveries (including NeuroFeedback) in fitness and health using the conscious brain to re-program the all powerful subconscious beliefs.
(760) 621-5273 View (760) 621-5273
Photo of Dr. Vincent Camarda, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Dr. Vincent Camarda
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008  (Online Only)
Online Therapy and Life Coaching (available to anyone anywhere). My clients value affordability, competency, accessibility, & ongoing support to reach personal goals, and reduce barriers to better living & personal well being. I am continually striving to understand your life/growth challenges & individual personal aspirations. We'll work to achieve POSITIVE, REALISTIC results via INDIVIDUAL online sessions in a safe & confidential environment... LEAVE THE PAST BEHIND AND LET'S GET TO WORK TOGETHER MOVING FORWARD! Be Well! Also Licensed in Arizona.
Online Therapy and Life Coaching (available to anyone anywhere). My clients value affordability, competency, accessibility, & ongoing support to reach personal goals, and reduce barriers to better living & personal well being. I am continually striving to understand your life/growth challenges & individual personal aspirations. We'll work to achieve POSITIVE, REALISTIC results via INDIVIDUAL online sessions in a safe & confidential environment... LEAVE THE PAST BEHIND AND LET'S GET TO WORK TOGETHER MOVING FORWARD! Be Well! Also Licensed in Arizona.
(760) 903-7202 View (760) 903-7202
Photo of Danielle Vanderford, Counselor in Carlsbad, CA
Danielle Vanderford
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Welcome! I’m so glad you’re here because this means that you’ve taken a big step in your healing and investing in your future. I began my career in 2015 working with primarily teens and families in various community mental health settings. Over the last couple of years in private practice, I have come to love working with adults as well. Maybe you are struggling with symptoms of depression, anxiety, trauma, or find yourself engaging in unhealthy relationships. I love working with individuals on developing healthy boundaries and taking back their voice.
Welcome! I’m so glad you’re here because this means that you’ve taken a big step in your healing and investing in your future. I began my career in 2015 working with primarily teens and families in various community mental health settings. Over the last couple of years in private practice, I have come to love working with adults as well. Maybe you are struggling with symptoms of depression, anxiety, trauma, or find yourself engaging in unhealthy relationships. I love working with individuals on developing healthy boundaries and taking back their voice.
(442) 239-4695 View (442) 239-4695
Photo of Mark Chaney-Gay, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Mark Chaney-Gay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Hello. My name is Mark. I am a gay, disabled therapist (licensed clinical social worker, LCSW). I believe that we all have the strengths to overcome or cope with the challenges we face, we might just need a little support. I work with a wide range of clients, but I have a passion for those with disabilities, those with foster care experience, and those in the LGBTQI community. I work with clients facing anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship challenges, and life transitions. While in session with me you can expect a direct and empathetic approach.
Hello. My name is Mark. I am a gay, disabled therapist (licensed clinical social worker, LCSW). I believe that we all have the strengths to overcome or cope with the challenges we face, we might just need a little support. I work with a wide range of clients, but I have a passion for those with disabilities, those with foster care experience, and those in the LGBTQI community. I work with clients facing anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship challenges, and life transitions. While in session with me you can expect a direct and empathetic approach.
(442) 233-8249 View (442) 233-8249
Photo of James B Schmid, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
James B Schmid
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008  (Online Only)
I am a Cognitive Behavioral therapist with a very relational approach. My directive style is balanced with a sense of humor that provides for a disarming and helpful relationship. I mostly work with teens through adults with a significant portion of my practice going to couples. I have offices in Corona and Carlsbad. I would love to have the opportunity to help you through whatever struggles you might be facing. I am available to meet with you for phone or video sessions when it is allowed.
I am a Cognitive Behavioral therapist with a very relational approach. My directive style is balanced with a sense of humor that provides for a disarming and helpful relationship. I mostly work with teens through adults with a significant portion of my practice going to couples. I have offices in Corona and Carlsbad. I would love to have the opportunity to help you through whatever struggles you might be facing. I am available to meet with you for phone or video sessions when it is allowed.
(951) 992-1324 View (951) 992-1324
Photo of Kristine Novotny, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Kristine Novotny
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92009
I am on hold taking new clients at this time. There are moments in life when we may feel lost, overwhelmed or hopeless due to circumstances in our life. When we can truly embrace and explore our current circumstances, we can then courageously change or enhance our lives - be it in love, relationships, health, fitness, work, or even money. Life is filled with joyous and painful events. Some of the greatest gifts can come through the most painful events of our lives. I am consistently amazed at the human resiliency that I see in the people that I support!
I am on hold taking new clients at this time. There are moments in life when we may feel lost, overwhelmed or hopeless due to circumstances in our life. When we can truly embrace and explore our current circumstances, we can then courageously change or enhance our lives - be it in love, relationships, health, fitness, work, or even money. Life is filled with joyous and painful events. Some of the greatest gifts can come through the most painful events of our lives. I am consistently amazed at the human resiliency that I see in the people that I support!
(760) 938-5206 View (760) 938-5206
Photo of Christina Leahy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Christina Leahy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
15 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
You are intuitive. You have a deep awareness of your emotions, but sometimes struggle to understand the intricacies of your nervous system. You fear burdening others with your struggles, but you long for a safe space to unpack the weight you carry. You might find yourself wrestling and exploring your identity molded by your family of origin, searching for the perfect balance between preserving your roots, establishing empowering boundaries, and embracing a new sense of self.
You are intuitive. You have a deep awareness of your emotions, but sometimes struggle to understand the intricacies of your nervous system. You fear burdening others with your struggles, but you long for a safe space to unpack the weight you carry. You might find yourself wrestling and exploring your identity molded by your family of origin, searching for the perfect balance between preserving your roots, establishing empowering boundaries, and embracing a new sense of self.
(323) 927-1228 View (323) 927-1228
Photo of Melody Nazari, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Carlsbad, CA
Melody Nazari
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Our quality of life is experienced through emotions and relationships. The art of living authentically and the healing power of connection are at the heart of my therapeutic philosophy. I honor the unique experiences and identities of each individual, providing a space that is nonjudgmental and founded on unconditional positive regard. I aim to create a warm, accepting space where you can feel safe being your most genuine self. In our sessions, you can expect a compassionate environment where I will meet you where you are at in your healing process and help you achieve your personal goals.
Our quality of life is experienced through emotions and relationships. The art of living authentically and the healing power of connection are at the heart of my therapeutic philosophy. I honor the unique experiences and identities of each individual, providing a space that is nonjudgmental and founded on unconditional positive regard. I aim to create a warm, accepting space where you can feel safe being your most genuine self. In our sessions, you can expect a compassionate environment where I will meet you where you are at in your healing process and help you achieve your personal goals.
(442) 276-3807 View (442) 276-3807
Photo of Sara L. Chalupsky Poore, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Sara L. Chalupsky Poore
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
I specialize in treating depression, anxiety, self-harm, binge eating, and grief. I work collaboratively with clients to provide concrete tools for them to cope in everyday life. I provide an empathetic and a non-judgmental environment coupled with a client-centered approach.
I specialize in treating depression, anxiety, self-harm, binge eating, and grief. I work collaboratively with clients to provide concrete tools for them to cope in everyday life. I provide an empathetic and a non-judgmental environment coupled with a client-centered approach.
(760) 302-1370 View (760) 302-1370
Photo of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Services (CBTS), Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Services (CBTS)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92008
As a board certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapist (CBT) by the Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies with extensive training at the Beck Institute, we will work with you to establish attainable goals, teach you how to use specific tools and gain the skills necessary to achieve and maintain your goals.
As a board certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapist (CBT) by the Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies with extensive training at the Beck Institute, we will work with you to establish attainable goals, teach you how to use specific tools and gain the skills necessary to achieve and maintain your goals.
(760) 933-9601 View (760) 933-9601
Photo of Emily Morgan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Carlsbad, CA
Emily Morgan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92011  (Online Only)
Are you an adult who hasn't fully gotten over how you were treated as a child? Do you keep repeating the same negative relationship patterns or have negative beliefs about your worth? Are you overcome with sadness about the childhood you should have had and feel that you weren't given a "voice" or "choice" as a child? Have you experienced emotional neglect and/or feel that you weren't emotionally cared for as a child? Are you having difficulty navigating your adult relationship(s) with one or more of your parents because of how they treated you or because they are emotionally immature? If any of these feel true to you, I can help.
Are you an adult who hasn't fully gotten over how you were treated as a child? Do you keep repeating the same negative relationship patterns or have negative beliefs about your worth? Are you overcome with sadness about the childhood you should have had and feel that you weren't given a "voice" or "choice" as a child? Have you experienced emotional neglect and/or feel that you weren't emotionally cared for as a child? Are you having difficulty navigating your adult relationship(s) with one or more of your parents because of how they treated you or because they are emotionally immature? If any of these feel true to you, I can help.
(760) 309-3341 View (760) 309-3341
Photo of Jennifer Rose Pla Med Bcba Ryt in Carlsbad, CA
Jennifer Rose Pla Med Bcba Ryt
MEd, BCBA, RYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Hi! I'm Jen, a professional educational, behavioral, and mindfulness coach with over 22 years of experience. I assist adults and teenagers with autism/aspergers who face challenges in social cues, conversation, daily life skills, money management, time management, organization, and "black and white thinking.”
Hi! I'm Jen, a professional educational, behavioral, and mindfulness coach with over 22 years of experience. I assist adults and teenagers with autism/aspergers who face challenges in social cues, conversation, daily life skills, money management, time management, organization, and "black and white thinking.”
(760) 493-7924 View (760) 493-7924

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Carlsbad, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Carlsbad, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Grief

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Aetna
58% Cigna and Evernorth
50% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Carlsbad, CA see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Carlsbad?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.