Psychiatrists in Sacramento, CA

Photo of Thao Tran, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Thao Tran
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95825
I am an ANCC Board Certified Adult Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. Although, that wasn't always the case! After obtaining my Bachelor's Degree in Nursing from Mount Saint Mary's (go Athenians! ), I worked in the hospital on the Respiratory Unit until I took a leap into outpatient dermatology and medical aesthetics. It was during that time, talking with my clients, I knew I wanted to have a more profound impact on helping others achieve improved mental and emotional health. I decided to go back to school and get my Master's in Nursing from California State University Long Beach.
I am an ANCC Board Certified Adult Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. Although, that wasn't always the case! After obtaining my Bachelor's Degree in Nursing from Mount Saint Mary's (go Athenians! ), I worked in the hospital on the Respiratory Unit until I took a leap into outpatient dermatology and medical aesthetics. It was during that time, talking with my clients, I knew I wanted to have a more profound impact on helping others achieve improved mental and emotional health. I decided to go back to school and get my Master's in Nursing from California State University Long Beach.
(916) 794-7367 View (916) 794-7367
Dr. Geetha Reddy
Psychiatrist, MD, MPH
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95827  (Online Only)
Dr. Geetha Reddy graduated from the University of California, Berkeley with a Bachelor of Arts in Molecular and Cell Biology, and earned her medical degree from the University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine. She completed General Psychiatry training at University of California, San Francisco, and fellowship training in Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry at Northwestern University. She additionally obtained a Masters in Public Health from Harvard University. She is an active member of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry.
Dr. Geetha Reddy graduated from the University of California, Berkeley with a Bachelor of Arts in Molecular and Cell Biology, and earned her medical degree from the University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine. She completed General Psychiatry training at University of California, San Francisco, and fellowship training in Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry at Northwestern University. She additionally obtained a Masters in Public Health from Harvard University. She is an active member of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry.
(916) 619-2757 View (916) 619-2757
Photo of Emily Schrodek, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Emily Schrodek
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95819  (Online Only)
Welcome! I'm Emily and I use a collaborative approach to help patients who are experiencing treatment resistant depression and anxiety. My mantra is that you know your body the best. Let me listen to your story and have us work as a team together. You don't have to do this alone. Start to reconnect with loved ones, lift the brain fog of depression, and start living a fuller and more present life again.
Welcome! I'm Emily and I use a collaborative approach to help patients who are experiencing treatment resistant depression and anxiety. My mantra is that you know your body the best. Let me listen to your story and have us work as a team together. You don't have to do this alone. Start to reconnect with loved ones, lift the brain fog of depression, and start living a fuller and more present life again.
(916) 538-5810 View (916) 538-5810
Joshua M Burgett
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNPBC
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95815
Josh is board-certified and works with adolescents and adults to assess biological, psychological, social, and environmental factors. He helps patients identify opportunities for growth to improve their quality of life, relationship satisfaction, and work achievement.
Josh is board-certified and works with adolescents and adults to assess biological, psychological, social, and environmental factors. He helps patients identify opportunities for growth to improve their quality of life, relationship satisfaction, and work achievement.
(855) 743-2006 View (855) 743-2006
Photo of Eric Nghe, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Eric Nghe
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95814  (Online Only)
Eric is a doctorally prepared psychiatric nurse practitioner. He received his PMHNP Certificate in Nursing from California State University, Los Angeles. Eric has gained a well-rounded knowledge in outpatient, inpatient, and crisis stabilization for mental health. He offers evidence-based care while maintaining a supportive, compassionate, and judgment-free environment for his clients.
Eric is a doctorally prepared psychiatric nurse practitioner. He received his PMHNP Certificate in Nursing from California State University, Los Angeles. Eric has gained a well-rounded knowledge in outpatient, inpatient, and crisis stabilization for mental health. He offers evidence-based care while maintaining a supportive, compassionate, and judgment-free environment for his clients.
(916) 909-1807 View (916) 909-1807
Photo of Tinuke (Tinu) Olalere, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Tinuke (Tinu) Olalere
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95834  (Online Only)
Hi, I am Tinu, dedicated and devoted ANCC board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC) with over 18 years working in different areas of healthcare sector. My career is defined by my unwavering commitment to the well-being and personal growth of each client. I don't just see you as a case to be treated, but a unique individual deserving of respect, understanding, and support. My approach is rooted in fostering genuine connections with you and empowering you to take ownership of your mental health journey.
Hi, I am Tinu, dedicated and devoted ANCC board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC) with over 18 years working in different areas of healthcare sector. My career is defined by my unwavering commitment to the well-being and personal growth of each client. I don't just see you as a case to be treated, but a unique individual deserving of respect, understanding, and support. My approach is rooted in fostering genuine connections with you and empowering you to take ownership of your mental health journey.
(916) 659-8370 View (916) 659-8370
Photo of Curt Espinoza, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Curt Espinoza
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95814
I provide client centered medication management and therapy. I know that everyone has a unique story and challenges, and because of this, I work together with clients to make a care plan individualized for them. My goal is to help you achieve your goals.
I provide client centered medication management and therapy. I know that everyone has a unique story and challenges, and because of this, I work together with clients to make a care plan individualized for them. My goal is to help you achieve your goals.
(916) 252-1697 View (916) 252-1697
Photo of Rachel Martino, MD, Psychiatrist
Rachel Martino
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95825
Dr. Rachel Martino is a Board-Certified Psychiatrist in California who has been practicing since 2019. She obtained her Medical Degree from Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine. She completed Psychiatry Residency at the University of California Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science in Sacramento, California. She is certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology since 2023. Dr. Martino specializes in women’s mental health and works with women or female-identifying patients ages 18-64.
Dr. Rachel Martino is a Board-Certified Psychiatrist in California who has been practicing since 2019. She obtained her Medical Degree from Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine. She completed Psychiatry Residency at the University of California Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science in Sacramento, California. She is certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology since 2023. Dr. Martino specializes in women’s mental health and works with women or female-identifying patients ages 18-64.
(916) 884-5411 View (916) 884-5411
Photo of Adel Mostafavi - Well Psyche Medical Group Inc, MD, Psychiatrist
Well Psyche Medical Group Inc
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95814
www.WellPsyche.com Balancing mental and physical wellness is an art and a science! Dr. Adel is an expert in the field of psychiatry. He treats children, adolescents, and adults. His practice offers the latest in Telemedicine, allowing you to visit with your doctor from the convenience of your home or work. Dr. Adel takes a conservative approach to medication management and strives to help his clients consistently function at their best without side effects.
www.WellPsyche.com Balancing mental and physical wellness is an art and a science! Dr. Adel is an expert in the field of psychiatry. He treats children, adolescents, and adults. His practice offers the latest in Telemedicine, allowing you to visit with your doctor from the convenience of your home or work. Dr. Adel takes a conservative approach to medication management and strives to help his clients consistently function at their best without side effects.
(424) 351-9037 View (424) 351-9037
Photo of Catvy Nguyen, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Catvy Nguyen
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95814
Catvy Nguyen takes a unique and progressive approach to mental health illnesses. Treatment is personalized, based on evidence research, and encompasses on a myriad of treatment modalities. Kathy believes in the influence of three factors: one's past and upbringing, current life situations, and one's genetic makeup, affecting mental illness.
Catvy Nguyen takes a unique and progressive approach to mental health illnesses. Treatment is personalized, based on evidence research, and encompasses on a myriad of treatment modalities. Kathy believes in the influence of three factors: one's past and upbringing, current life situations, and one's genetic makeup, affecting mental illness.
(651) 372-3391 View (651) 372-3391
Photo of Aderonke Akande, PMHNP, BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Aderonke Akande
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95815
Addie became interested in mental health after encountering a veteran with mental health issues. Addie provides a holistic, evidence-based approach to treating the entire patient instead of individual symptoms.
Addie became interested in mental health after encountering a veteran with mental health issues. Addie provides a holistic, evidence-based approach to treating the entire patient instead of individual symptoms.
(855) 743-2006 View (855) 743-2006
Photo of Paula Wadell, MD, Psychiatrist
Paula Wadell
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95864
I offer psychiatry services for children and adults.
I offer psychiatry services for children and adults.
(916) 244-6923 View (916) 244-6923
Photo of Ifeoma Okwu - Embodied Wellness Psychiatry, MSN, FNP-C, PMHNP-C, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Embodied Wellness Psychiatry
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, FNP-C, PMHNP-C
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95834  (Online Only)
Ifeoma Okwu is a dually board-certified family nurse practitioner and psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner who is licensed to practice in the state of Washington and California. She treats a wide range of acute and chronic conditions, and specializes in mental health, weight management, sexual dysfunction, and thyroid optimization.
Ifeoma Okwu is a dually board-certified family nurse practitioner and psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner who is licensed to practice in the state of Washington and California. She treats a wide range of acute and chronic conditions, and specializes in mental health, weight management, sexual dysfunction, and thyroid optimization.
(916) 713-7773 View (916) 713-7773
Photo of Shawn Hersevoort, MD, Psychiatrist
Shawn Hersevoort
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95825
I am a very experienced, Board Certified Adult psychiatrist who has worked in a broad range of treatment settings including public, private, and academic medical centers. My approach to treatment can best be understood by following the course of my education. I first studied biochemistry, where I learned to appreciate the importance of rigorous clinical research, ongoing education, and the power of medications. I then studied clinical psychology, where the focus was on understanding relationships, personalities, and cultures.
I am a very experienced, Board Certified Adult psychiatrist who has worked in a broad range of treatment settings including public, private, and academic medical centers. My approach to treatment can best be understood by following the course of my education. I first studied biochemistry, where I learned to appreciate the importance of rigorous clinical research, ongoing education, and the power of medications. I then studied clinical psychology, where the focus was on understanding relationships, personalities, and cultures.
(916) 668-4108 View (916) 668-4108
Photo of Nhlanhla Moyo, MSN, APRN, PMHNPBC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Nhlanhla Moyo
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNPBC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95811
I provide patient-centered care to children, adolescents, adults and families, my objective always, is to team up with you as we search for a solution for the issues that you are experiencing. betterdayspsychiatricnursing.com
I provide patient-centered care to children, adolescents, adults and families, my objective always, is to team up with you as we search for a solution for the issues that you are experiencing. betterdayspsychiatricnursing.com
(916) 891-1325 View (916) 891-1325
Photo of Dr. Ziad Ali, MD, Psychiatrist
Dr. Ziad Ali
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95815
Dr. Ziad Ali helps adults and seniors with anxiety, mood disorders, and treatment-resistant mental illnesses. Dr. Ali adopts a patient-centered approach, emphasizing trust, open communication, and collaboration. By fostering a safe, non-judgmental environment, he encourages patients to share openly, allowing him to tailor treatments to their unique needs.
Dr. Ziad Ali helps adults and seniors with anxiety, mood disorders, and treatment-resistant mental illnesses. Dr. Ali adopts a patient-centered approach, emphasizing trust, open communication, and collaboration. By fostering a safe, non-judgmental environment, he encourages patients to share openly, allowing him to tailor treatments to their unique needs.
(855) 743-2006 View (855) 743-2006
Photo of Kirsten Thompson - Remedy Psychiatry - Sacramento, MD, PMHNP, Psychiatrist
Remedy Psychiatry - Sacramento
Psychiatrist, MD, PMHNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Sacramento, CA 95864  (Online Only)
Are you struggling, and talk therapy hasn't helped and wondering if prescription medication might help you? But, you don't want to wait weeks or months to get an appointment or pay alot? You are not alone, and that is why we started Remedy. With Remedy, you can get unlimited online psychiatry appointments at an affordable price. We treat a wide range of mental health symptoms with a broad set of medications so you can live your best life. We are now in-network and accept Aetna, Cigna, Optum and United Healthcare insurance plans or you may pay a low monthly fee for unlimited appointments.
Are you struggling, and talk therapy hasn't helped and wondering if prescription medication might help you? But, you don't want to wait weeks or months to get an appointment or pay alot? You are not alone, and that is why we started Remedy. With Remedy, you can get unlimited online psychiatry appointments at an affordable price. We treat a wide range of mental health symptoms with a broad set of medications so you can live your best life. We are now in-network and accept Aetna, Cigna, Optum and United Healthcare insurance plans or you may pay a low monthly fee for unlimited appointments.
(916) 249-7097 View (916) 249-7097
Photo of Dr. Ronil Shah, MD, Psychiatrist
Dr. Ronil Shah
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95814
Why choose Dr. Ronil Shah? Because his top-notch expertise combines with compassionate, personalized care. Treatment with Dr. Shah is a two-way collaboration. Working together, you will design a mental wellness strategy that’s tailored just for you. His philosophy? Your path to wellness should be as unique as you are, shaped by empathy and expertise, and empowered by evidence-based insights and tools.
Why choose Dr. Ronil Shah? Because his top-notch expertise combines with compassionate, personalized care. Treatment with Dr. Shah is a two-way collaboration. Working together, you will design a mental wellness strategy that’s tailored just for you. His philosophy? Your path to wellness should be as unique as you are, shaped by empathy and expertise, and empowered by evidence-based insights and tools.
View
Photo of Kelsey Salzberg, MD, Psychiatrist
Kelsey Salzberg
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95825
Kelsey Salzberg is a Board Certified Adult Psychiatrist in California practicing since 2012. She obtained her Medical Degree from Georgetown University School of Medicine in Washington, DC and completed her Adult Psychiatric Residency at UC San Francisco in San Francisco, CA. She served as Chief Resident of Outpatient Services and was awarded an Area of Distinction in Women's Mental Health during residency. Dr. Salzberg uses an integrative approach in care involving medications and psychotherapy as appropriate for each individual.
Kelsey Salzberg is a Board Certified Adult Psychiatrist in California practicing since 2012. She obtained her Medical Degree from Georgetown University School of Medicine in Washington, DC and completed her Adult Psychiatric Residency at UC San Francisco in San Francisco, CA. She served as Chief Resident of Outpatient Services and was awarded an Area of Distinction in Women's Mental Health during residency. Dr. Salzberg uses an integrative approach in care involving medications and psychotherapy as appropriate for each individual.
(916) 313-2241 View (916) 313-2241
Photo of Sung Park, PA-C, Physician Assistant
Sung Park
Physician Assistant, PA-C
Verified Verified
Sacramento, CA 95814
Accepting New Patients - Steve Park, PA-C is a physician assistant at Pacific Mind Health. Steve grew up in Irvine and received his Bachelor of Science degree in gerontology at University of Southern California in Los Angeles, CA. Inspired to treat patients, Steve gained experience as an EMT and soon received his Master’s of Medical Science in Physician Assistant Studies at Chapman University. Today, he finds great pleasure in helping others improve their mental health and lifestyle.
Accepting New Patients - Steve Park, PA-C is a physician assistant at Pacific Mind Health. Steve grew up in Irvine and received his Bachelor of Science degree in gerontology at University of Southern California in Los Angeles, CA. Inspired to treat patients, Steve gained experience as an EMT and soon received his Master’s of Medical Science in Physician Assistant Studies at Chapman University. Today, he finds great pleasure in helping others improve their mental health and lifestyle.
(916) 656-0437 View (916) 656-0437

See more therapy options for Sacramento

How does your Psychiatrist compare?

Number of Psychiatrists in Sacramento, CA

100+

Average cost per session

$200

Psychiatrists in Sacramento, CA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
83% Bipolar Disorder
82% ADHD
73% Trauma and PTSD
72% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)
68% Medication Management

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% Aetna
96% Cigna and Evernorth
89% Optum

How Psychiatrists in Sacramento, CA see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

68% Female
32% Male
FAQs - About Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Nurses

How can I find a psychiatrist in Sacramento?

The Psychology Today Directory enables users to search specifically for psychiatrists by selecting the provider type from the drop-down menu, and filtering results by city, zip code, or the psychiatrist's name. The search results feature detailed profiles that outline each professional's treatment approach, areas of expertise, credentials, fees, payment options, and accepted insurance. Results include both psychiatrists (MDs) and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), who hold advanced practice nursing degrees. Users can refine their search for a specific type of psychiatric provider using the "Provider Type" filter.

What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?

Psychiatrists are medical specialists dedicated to understanding, diagnosing, and treating brain disorders and mental health conditions. As physicians, they are trained to identify the often subtle biological factors underlying mental disorders and to monitor how mental health treatments may impact other physical conditions, such as heart disease. Psychiatrists are licensed to prescribe medication and typically conduct shorter sessions that focus on medication management rather than intensive psychotherapy.

In contrast, psychologists are particularly attuned to the impact of early experiences on development, behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes. They often take a holistic approach to assessing and treating clients, considering aspects of personality and social functioning. Although psychologists cannot prescribe medication, they are frequently skilled in administering psychological tests—such as IQ tests, personality assessments, and behavioral evaluations—to assess an individual's functioning. Psychologists often engage in longer, more psychotherapy-focused sessions compared to psychiatrists.

What is a psychiatric nurse practitioner and what is the difference with a psychiatrist?

A psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), also known as a mental health nurse practitioner or psychiatric nurse practitioner, is an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who has completed advanced training in psychiatric care, earning at least a master’s degree in psychiatric nursing. To become Board-Certified (PMHNP-BC), psychiatric nurse practitioners must also pass a national exam that tests their clinical psychiatric knowledge.

Like psychiatrists, PMHNPs are trained to assess, diagnose, and treat mental health conditions. However, PMHNPs and psychiatrists differ in their training experience. While PMHNPs can complete their credentialing requirements (full bachelor's and master's degree training) in as few as 6 years, psychiatrists often spend upwards of 12 years to complete their bachelor's, medical doctorate degree, and residency training requirements. Because of training differences, some states require PMHNPs to be supervised by or enter into a collaborative agreement with a physician in order to prescribe medication.

When deciding to work with a psychiatrist or PMHNP, clients should consider factors such therapeutic fit, cost, and availability. Psychiatrists may have more substantial training in treating more severe psychiatric conditions, as well as in providing more specialized treatment services, such as child psychiatry. However, psychiatrists may be inaccessible to some clients, as their cost and availability may be prohibitive. It can often be easier for clients to find a PMHNP with openings for new clients when compared to psychiatrists, and PMHNPs may also offer lower cost treatment options for clients looking to minimize out-of-pocket costs.

Can a psychiatrist or a PMHNP prescribe medication?

The Psychology Today directory features two primary types of psychiatric professionals: psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs). Both are generally authorized to prescribe psychiatric medications. In 28 states, PMHNPs have full practice authority, allowing them to provide the complete spectrum of psychiatric care, including independent medication prescribing and management. In other states, however, PMHNPs are required to work under the supervision or in collaboration with a physician to prescribe medication. Both psychiatrists and PMHNPs may also offer additional services, such as psychotherapy, counseling, and care coordination, for clients seeking psychiatric care.

Do psychiatrists or PMHNPs offer therapy?

Both psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) are generally trained in a number of treatment modalities, including traditional psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), pharmacotherapy, and, occasionally, various somatic therapies. Typically, psychiatrists and PMHNPs make a diagnosis and determine a course of treatment based on chemical or biological factors, using lab tests, brain scans and physical and psychological evaluations.

While psychotherapy may be used in the first session to aid in diagnosis, it is not typically utilized in subsequent visits. In fact, after the introductory session, most psychiatry sessions may only be 15-20 minutes in length and are largely focused on medication management; this is frequently the case for both psychiatrists and PMHNPs. However, medication providers who do not offer psychotherapy usually work collaboratively with psychologists and other mental health clinicians who do offer these services, and they can refer clients seeking more traditional psychotherapy services to their care.

How do I know if I need a psychiatrist, a PMHNP, or a therapist?

It is not always easy to know which type of mental health practitioner to choose. Many people are unaware of the root of their mental or behavioral problem and may be unaware of the differences in support provided by various mental health professionals. One way many people learn which type of care is best for them is by seeing their primary care provider (PCP) first. Depending on the nature and severity of the symptoms, the PCP may review their medical history and provide guidance or a referral to the appropriate type of provider.

A referral to a psychiatrist or PMHNP is most often made when a client is in need of psychiatric medication management or assessment. These professionals are specifically trained to prescribe psychiatric medications, when necessary, for a client; however, they generally do not provide supportive psychotherapy on an ongoing basis. A therapist or psychologist, in contrast, can provide supportive psychotherapy but is unable to prescribe medications. Because of their unique roles, some clients see both a medication prescriber (either a psychiatrist or PMHNP) and a therapist at the same time to address their psychiatric concerns holistically. Many psychiatrists and psychologists are very open to referring clients to other professionals if unable to meet the client's needs or if they think the client could use additional support from a different type of professional.

Do I need a referral to see a psychiatrist or a PMHNP?

A referral to a psychiatrist or psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) is often not required. However, consulting your primary care physician (PCP) first can be beneficial and may streamline the process of getting the care you need. Your PCP can help determine whether psychiatric care is necessary or if another type of mental health support might be more appropriate. Additionally, some insurance plans require a PCP referral to cover part or all of the costs associated with seeing a specialist. Obtaining a referral can also expedite the appointment process, particularly in areas with provider shortages or for clients seeking specialists in fields like child psychiatry.

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed professional?

Yes, all professionals listed in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory are licensed to provide mental health services in the state(s) where they practice. The directory includes a variety of providers such as psychiatrists, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), physician assistants, psychologists, social workers, and counselors. Each provider must hold a valid license issued by their state regulatory body to be listed. In addition, Psychology Today offers a verification process for certain providers, signified by a 'Verified' symbol next to their profile. This badge indicates that the provider’s primary credential or license has been independently verified by Psychology Today.