Psychiatrists in 93305
You may be feeling anxious, depressed, overwhelmed, or unsure where to turn. Maybe your child is struggling to focus in school, your teen feels withdrawn, or you’re finding it harder to manage daily responsibilities. Whatever your situation, let’s work together to build a foundation for mental wellness and a more fulfilling life.
You may be feeling anxious, depressed, overwhelmed, or unsure where to turn. Maybe your child is struggling to focus in school, your teen feels withdrawn, or you’re finding it harder to manage daily responsibilities. Whatever your situation, let’s work together to build a foundation for mental wellness and a more fulfilling life.
I am a board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner with extensive experience in managing mental health challenges across the lifespan. My practice involves working with adolescents, adults, and seniors. I hold a bachelor's degree in nursing from the University of Phoenix and a Doctorate in Nursing Science with a specialization in psychiatric mental health from Brandman University in Irvine, California.
I am a board-certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner with extensive experience in managing mental health challenges across the lifespan. My practice involves working with adolescents, adults, and seniors. I hold a bachelor's degree in nursing from the University of Phoenix and a Doctorate in Nursing Science with a specialization in psychiatric mental health from Brandman University in Irvine, California.
I am a board certified child, adolescent and adult psychiatrist specialized in OCD and anxiety. Over the years, I've been severed as an expert in such areas by providing care to patients throughout U.S. due to their severe OCD and anxiety symptoms. I provide complex medication management and guidance for behavioral interventions such as ERP and CBT. In addition, I am actively involved in mentoring the next generations of mental health providers and provides peer consults for OCD and anxiety treatment for children, adolescents and adults. I also treat all mental health conditions such as depression, bipolar PTSD, ADHD and psychosis.
I am a board certified child, adolescent and adult psychiatrist specialized in OCD and anxiety. Over the years, I've been severed as an expert in such areas by providing care to patients throughout U.S. due to their severe OCD and anxiety symptoms. I provide complex medication management and guidance for behavioral interventions such as ERP and CBT. In addition, I am actively involved in mentoring the next generations of mental health providers and provides peer consults for OCD and anxiety treatment for children, adolescents and adults. I also treat all mental health conditions such as depression, bipolar PTSD, ADHD and psychosis.
Azmeena Hashem (DNP, PMHNP-BC, NP-C, APRN, RN). Holistic and effective patient care and practice psychopharmacology. My skills include conducting thorough psychiatric evaluations, devising personalized treatment plans, and experience in psychiatric medication management. Also, provide ongoing psychoeducation to individuals and their families. Adult patients with depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD, dual diagnosis, bipolar, PTSD, and panic disorder. Active listening, working with the patient as a team, and discussing treatment plans with them.
Azmeena Hashem (DNP, PMHNP-BC, NP-C, APRN, RN). Holistic and effective patient care and practice psychopharmacology. My skills include conducting thorough psychiatric evaluations, devising personalized treatment plans, and experience in psychiatric medication management. Also, provide ongoing psychoeducation to individuals and their families. Adult patients with depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD, dual diagnosis, bipolar, PTSD, and panic disorder. Active listening, working with the patient as a team, and discussing treatment plans with them.
More Psychiatrists Nearby
Are you struggling to balance your mental and physical health and in need of a more comprehensive approach? No problem! I provide Telemedicine (Telepsychiatry) Services, so that you can conveniently be seen from your home for psychiatry appointments and medication management without the need to travel! I provide the same psychiatry services as an in-person office visit and I can also address other aspects that encompass your complete wellness. My aim is to help you to thrive at your best! You can easily self-schedule a Telepsychiatry video appointment now at: www.pwpsychiatry.com/CA
Are you struggling to balance your mental and physical health and in need of a more comprehensive approach? No problem! I provide Telemedicine (Telepsychiatry) Services, so that you can conveniently be seen from your home for psychiatry appointments and medication management without the need to travel! I provide the same psychiatry services as an in-person office visit and I can also address other aspects that encompass your complete wellness. My aim is to help you to thrive at your best! You can easily self-schedule a Telepsychiatry video appointment now at: www.pwpsychiatry.com/CA
Hi- I am available for telehealth appointments throughout the state of California. I am a board certified psychiatric nurse practitioner, and I look forward to virtually meeting you. My goal is improve your quality of life by assisting you with your medication management needs. Our journey together will focus on supporting you in pursuing wholeness, resilience and relief. I am committed to lasting relationships with my clients and enjoy seeing the positive changes that can occur as we work together!
Hi- I am available for telehealth appointments throughout the state of California. I am a board certified psychiatric nurse practitioner, and I look forward to virtually meeting you. My goal is improve your quality of life by assisting you with your medication management needs. Our journey together will focus on supporting you in pursuing wholeness, resilience and relief. I am committed to lasting relationships with my clients and enjoy seeing the positive changes that can occur as we work together!
Nextgenpsycheandwellness.org
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, BC
3 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93312
If anxiety, ADHD, or depression have made daily life feel heavy or confusing, that response makes sense. You may be exhausted by constant worry, distracted, irritable, or finding joy hard to access. These struggles can leave you feeling stuck and overwhelmed, yet clearer days are within reach. I help people address how anxiety, ADHD, and depression can show up as sleeplessness, racing thoughts, low mood, or strained relationships. Together we will build practical routines, mindfulness, and clear plans to reduce symptoms and restore focus and hope.
If anxiety, ADHD, or depression have made daily life feel heavy or confusing, that response makes sense. You may be exhausted by constant worry, distracted, irritable, or finding joy hard to access. These struggles can leave you feeling stuck and overwhelmed, yet clearer days are within reach. I help people address how anxiety, ADHD, and depression can show up as sleeplessness, racing thoughts, low mood, or strained relationships. Together we will build practical routines, mindfulness, and clear plans to reduce symptoms and restore focus and hope.
◆ Feeling Uncertain which medications & holistic approaches are right for you? ◆ Are You Tired of your symptoms keeping you from a better life? Rushed visits in psychiatry often leave important details overlooked. I provide personalized, holistic medication management to help you overcome your symptoms for lasting, life changing results. ⇒ See What’s Possible Now…
◆ Feeling Uncertain which medications & holistic approaches are right for you? ◆ Are You Tired of your symptoms keeping you from a better life? Rushed visits in psychiatry often leave important details overlooked. I provide personalized, holistic medication management to help you overcome your symptoms for lasting, life changing results. ⇒ See What’s Possible Now…
Rivy Oseni, NP is a Nurse Practitioner in Gardena, CA. Rivy Oseni, NP holds an active license to practice, and continues to take an all-encompassing role in supporting a patient's wellbeing.
Rivy Oseni, NP is a Nurse Practitioner in Gardena, CA. Rivy Oseni, NP holds an active license to practice, and continues to take an all-encompassing role in supporting a patient's wellbeing.
Are you struggling to balance your mental and physical health and in need of a more comprehensive approach? No problem! I provide Telemedicine (Online Psychiatry) Services, so that you can conveniently be seen from your home for psychiatry appointments and medication management without the need to travel! I provide the same psychiatry services as an in-person office visit and I can also address other aspects that encompass your complete wellness. My aim is to help you to thrive at your best! You can easily self-schedule a Telepsychiatry video appointment now at: www.pwpsychiatry.com/CA
Are you struggling to balance your mental and physical health and in need of a more comprehensive approach? No problem! I provide Telemedicine (Online Psychiatry) Services, so that you can conveniently be seen from your home for psychiatry appointments and medication management without the need to travel! I provide the same psychiatry services as an in-person office visit and I can also address other aspects that encompass your complete wellness. My aim is to help you to thrive at your best! You can easily self-schedule a Telepsychiatry video appointment now at: www.pwpsychiatry.com/CA
As a faculty member of Kaweah Health Psychiatry Residency, I offer treatment approaches supported by current scientific evidence. Together, we will explore different options and devise a comprehensive and holistic plan built on trust and open communication. Our plan will be flexible based to your need and best interest as we understand the fluidity of life.
As a faculty member of Kaweah Health Psychiatry Residency, I offer treatment approaches supported by current scientific evidence. Together, we will explore different options and devise a comprehensive and holistic plan built on trust and open communication. Our plan will be flexible based to your need and best interest as we understand the fluidity of life.
Samir Hamed | ADHD, Anxiety &
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PHMNP
1 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93301
You may be feeling anxious, depressed, overwhelmed, or unsure where to turn. Maybe your child is struggling to focus in school, your teen feels withdrawn, or you’re finding it harder to manage daily responsibilities. Whatever your situation, let’s work together to build a foundation for mental wellness and a more fulfilling life.
You may be feeling anxious, depressed, overwhelmed, or unsure where to turn. Maybe your child is struggling to focus in school, your teen feels withdrawn, or you’re finding it harder to manage daily responsibilities. Whatever your situation, let’s work together to build a foundation for mental wellness and a more fulfilling life.
Dr. Tara Valenzuela DNP, PMHNP-BC, is a mental health enthusiast, a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner, and a professor of psychiatric nursing. She treats mental health across the lifespan. All ages, all issues. Geriatric psychiatry, no person is too young or too old for high quality mental healthcare. Treatments are healing-centered, education-forward, and person-focused. This involves customized strategies for medication management and supportive therapy. She aligns with the idea that nursing is the facilitation of healing and works to provide intervention, education, and advocacy.
Dr. Tara Valenzuela DNP, PMHNP-BC, is a mental health enthusiast, a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner, and a professor of psychiatric nursing. She treats mental health across the lifespan. All ages, all issues. Geriatric psychiatry, no person is too young or too old for high quality mental healthcare. Treatments are healing-centered, education-forward, and person-focused. This involves customized strategies for medication management and supportive therapy. She aligns with the idea that nursing is the facilitation of healing and works to provide intervention, education, and advocacy.
Dr. Damien Lee Young is board-eligible and specializes in adult psychiatry. Dr. Lee Young was raised in the Caribbean where conversations about mental health were “taboo.” He seeks to promote mental health for individuals who experienced similar upbringings. Dr. Lee Young utilizes medication management with a strong interest in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). He completed his residency at New York Metropolitan Hospital, where he engaged with a diverse patient population. Patients here had dual psychiatric/medical or psychiatric/addiction diagnoses. Dr. Lee Young is an aviation enthusiast and has flown solo.
Dr. Damien Lee Young is board-eligible and specializes in adult psychiatry. Dr. Lee Young was raised in the Caribbean where conversations about mental health were “taboo.” He seeks to promote mental health for individuals who experienced similar upbringings. Dr. Lee Young utilizes medication management with a strong interest in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). He completed his residency at New York Metropolitan Hospital, where he engaged with a diverse patient population. Patients here had dual psychiatric/medical or psychiatric/addiction diagnoses. Dr. Lee Young is an aviation enthusiast and has flown solo.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist with subspecialty training in addiction psychiatry, providing care for adults ages 18–65. My practice is rooted in seeing people as whole individuals, where developmental background, medical conditions and personal goals all inform the path toward recovery and resilience.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist with subspecialty training in addiction psychiatry, providing care for adults ages 18–65. My practice is rooted in seeing people as whole individuals, where developmental background, medical conditions and personal goals all inform the path toward recovery and resilience.
Khadija Hamisi, DNP, PMHNP-BC, takes a unique and progressive approach to mental health illnesses. Treatment is personalized, based on evidence research, and encompasses on a myriad of treatment modalities. The influence of three factors: one's past and upbringing, current life situations, and one's genetic makeup, affecting mental illness Being trained and current with the best evidence based medication treatment strategy, he places a strong emphasis on psychosocial, and psychodynamic factors as the foundation of his treatment. Many psychiatric conditions have an underlying biological and genetic component of treatment.
Khadija Hamisi, DNP, PMHNP-BC, takes a unique and progressive approach to mental health illnesses. Treatment is personalized, based on evidence research, and encompasses on a myriad of treatment modalities. The influence of three factors: one's past and upbringing, current life situations, and one's genetic makeup, affecting mental illness Being trained and current with the best evidence based medication treatment strategy, he places a strong emphasis on psychosocial, and psychodynamic factors as the foundation of his treatment. Many psychiatric conditions have an underlying biological and genetic component of treatment.
My goal as a psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner is to provide medication management, and a kind and encouraging atmosphere where people dealing with mental health issues may receive knowledge and professional direction. My aim is to empower clients on their path toward better functioning, symptom relief, and a better quality of life. I advocate complete treatment that covers personal development, resilience, and symptoms. Working together, we can help you to fulfill your dreams and create a bright future.
My goal as a psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner is to provide medication management, and a kind and encouraging atmosphere where people dealing with mental health issues may receive knowledge and professional direction. My aim is to empower clients on their path toward better functioning, symptom relief, and a better quality of life. I advocate complete treatment that covers personal development, resilience, and symptoms. Working together, we can help you to fulfill your dreams and create a bright future.
Dr. Andrea Steele strives to help adults reach their unique potential. Dr. Steele understands the courage it takes to be vulnerable. Therefore, she works to ensure her patients feel comfortable in sharing what they experience.
Dr. Andrea Steele strives to help adults reach their unique potential. Dr. Steele understands the courage it takes to be vulnerable. Therefore, she works to ensure her patients feel comfortable in sharing what they experience.
Jacquelyn Hamed | Anxiety, Depression & ADHD
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PHMNP, APRN, BSN
3 Endorsed
Bakersfield, CA 93307
Hi! I am Jackie. I have been helping clients who are overwhelmed with depression, anxiety, panic episodes, trauma or PSTD, bipolar or personality disorder, schizophrenia, and ADHD.
Hi! I am Jackie. I have been helping clients who are overwhelmed with depression, anxiety, panic episodes, trauma or PSTD, bipolar or personality disorder, schizophrenia, and ADHD.
I'm Dr. Alex Sahba, double board certified in general psychiatry and forensic psychiatry and trained at UCLA. I conduct legal / forensic / psychiatric evaluations for court, risk assessment (violence / sexual), diagnostic psychiatric evaluations, competency evaluations, drug & alcohol evaluations, fitness-for-duty evaluations, cognitive evaluations, immigration evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME) evaluations, and other types of psychiatric evaluations / assessments.
I'm Dr. Alex Sahba, double board certified in general psychiatry and forensic psychiatry and trained at UCLA. I conduct legal / forensic / psychiatric evaluations for court, risk assessment (violence / sexual), diagnostic psychiatric evaluations, competency evaluations, drug & alcohol evaluations, fitness-for-duty evaluations, cognitive evaluations, immigration evaluations, workers' compensation (QME/AME) evaluations, and other types of psychiatric evaluations / assessments.
See more therapy options for 93305
How does your Psychiatrist compare?
Number of Psychiatrists in 93305
< 10
Psychiatrists in 93305 who prioritize treating:
| 100% | Depression |
| 100% | Anxiety |
| 100% | ADHD |
| 100% | Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) |
| 100% | Trauma and PTSD |
| 100% | Psychosis |
| 100% | Bipolar Disorder |
Average years in practice
12 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
| 100% | Aetna |
| 100% | Cigna and Evernorth |
| 100% | UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH |
How Psychiatrists in 93305 see their clients
| 75% | Online Only | |
| 25% | In Person and Online |
Gender breakdown
| 100% | Female |
FAQs - About Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Nurses
How can I find a psychiatrist in 93305?
The Psychology Today Directory enables users to search specifically for psychiatrists by selecting the provider type from the drop-down menu, and filtering results by city, zip code, or the psychiatrist's name. The search results feature detailed profiles that outline each professional's treatment approach, areas of expertise, credentials, fees, payment options, and accepted insurance. Results include both psychiatrists (MDs) and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), who hold advanced practice nursing degrees. Users can refine their search for a specific type of psychiatric provider using the "Provider Type" filter.
What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?
Psychiatrists are medical specialists dedicated to understanding, diagnosing, and treating brain disorders and mental health conditions. As physicians, they are trained to identify the often subtle biological factors underlying mental disorders and to monitor how mental health treatments may impact other physical conditions, such as heart disease. Psychiatrists are licensed to prescribe medication and typically conduct shorter sessions that focus on medication management rather than intensive psychotherapy.
In contrast, psychologists are particularly attuned to the impact of early experiences on development, behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes. They often take a holistic approach to assessing and treating clients, considering aspects of personality and social functioning. Although psychologists cannot prescribe medication, they are frequently skilled in administering psychological tests—such as IQ tests, personality assessments, and behavioral evaluations—to assess an individual's functioning. Psychologists often engage in longer, more psychotherapy-focused sessions compared to psychiatrists.
In contrast, psychologists are particularly attuned to the impact of early experiences on development, behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes. They often take a holistic approach to assessing and treating clients, considering aspects of personality and social functioning. Although psychologists cannot prescribe medication, they are frequently skilled in administering psychological tests—such as IQ tests, personality assessments, and behavioral evaluations—to assess an individual's functioning. Psychologists often engage in longer, more psychotherapy-focused sessions compared to psychiatrists.
What is a psychiatric nurse practitioner and what is the difference with a psychiatrist?
A psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), also known as a mental health nurse practitioner or psychiatric nurse practitioner, is an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who has completed advanced training in psychiatric care, earning at least a master’s degree in psychiatric nursing. To become Board-Certified (PMHNP-BC), psychiatric nurse practitioners must also pass a national exam that tests their clinical psychiatric knowledge.
Like psychiatrists, PMHNPs are trained to assess, diagnose, and treat mental health conditions. However, PMHNPs and psychiatrists differ in their training experience. While PMHNPs can complete their credentialing requirements (full bachelor's and master's degree training) in as few as 6 years, psychiatrists often spend upwards of 12 years to complete their bachelor's, medical doctorate degree, and residency training requirements. Because of training differences, some states require PMHNPs to be supervised by or enter into a collaborative agreement with a physician in order to prescribe medication.
When deciding to work with a psychiatrist or PMHNP, clients should consider factors such therapeutic fit, cost, and availability. Psychiatrists may have more substantial training in treating more severe psychiatric conditions, as well as in providing more specialized treatment services, such as child psychiatry. However, psychiatrists may be inaccessible to some clients, as their cost and availability may be prohibitive. It can often be easier for clients to find a PMHNP with openings for new clients when compared to psychiatrists, and PMHNPs may also offer lower cost treatment options for clients looking to minimize out-of-pocket costs.
Like psychiatrists, PMHNPs are trained to assess, diagnose, and treat mental health conditions. However, PMHNPs and psychiatrists differ in their training experience. While PMHNPs can complete their credentialing requirements (full bachelor's and master's degree training) in as few as 6 years, psychiatrists often spend upwards of 12 years to complete their bachelor's, medical doctorate degree, and residency training requirements. Because of training differences, some states require PMHNPs to be supervised by or enter into a collaborative agreement with a physician in order to prescribe medication.
When deciding to work with a psychiatrist or PMHNP, clients should consider factors such therapeutic fit, cost, and availability. Psychiatrists may have more substantial training in treating more severe psychiatric conditions, as well as in providing more specialized treatment services, such as child psychiatry. However, psychiatrists may be inaccessible to some clients, as their cost and availability may be prohibitive. It can often be easier for clients to find a PMHNP with openings for new clients when compared to psychiatrists, and PMHNPs may also offer lower cost treatment options for clients looking to minimize out-of-pocket costs.
Can a psychiatrist or a PMHNP prescribe medication?
The Psychology Today directory features two primary types of psychiatric professionals: psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs). Both are generally authorized to prescribe psychiatric medications. In 28 states, PMHNPs have full practice authority, allowing them to provide the complete spectrum of psychiatric care, including independent medication prescribing and management. In other states, however, PMHNPs are required to work under the supervision or in collaboration with a physician to prescribe medication. Both psychiatrists and PMHNPs may also offer additional services, such as psychotherapy, counseling, and care coordination, for clients seeking psychiatric care.
Do psychiatrists or PMHNPs offer therapy?
Both psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) are generally trained in a number of treatment modalities, including traditional psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), pharmacotherapy, and, occasionally, various somatic therapies. Typically, psychiatrists and PMHNPs make a diagnosis and determine a course of treatment based on chemical or biological factors, using lab tests, brain scans and physical and psychological evaluations.
While psychotherapy may be used in the first session to aid in diagnosis, it is not typically utilized in subsequent visits. In fact, after the introductory session, most psychiatry sessions may only be 15-20 minutes in length and are largely focused on medication management; this is frequently the case for both psychiatrists and PMHNPs. However, medication providers who do not offer psychotherapy usually work collaboratively with psychologists and other mental health clinicians who do offer these services, and they can refer clients seeking more traditional psychotherapy services to their care.
While psychotherapy may be used in the first session to aid in diagnosis, it is not typically utilized in subsequent visits. In fact, after the introductory session, most psychiatry sessions may only be 15-20 minutes in length and are largely focused on medication management; this is frequently the case for both psychiatrists and PMHNPs. However, medication providers who do not offer psychotherapy usually work collaboratively with psychologists and other mental health clinicians who do offer these services, and they can refer clients seeking more traditional psychotherapy services to their care.
How do I know if I need a psychiatrist, a PMHNP, or a therapist?
It is not always easy to know which type of mental health practitioner to choose. Many people are unaware of the root of their mental or behavioral problem and may be unaware of the differences in support provided by various mental health professionals. One way many people learn which type of care is best for them is by seeing their primary care provider (PCP) first. Depending on the nature and severity of the symptoms, the PCP may review their medical history and provide guidance or a referral to the appropriate type of provider.
A referral to a psychiatrist or PMHNP is most often made when a client is in need of psychiatric medication management or assessment. These professionals are specifically trained to prescribe psychiatric medications, when necessary, for a client; however, they generally do not provide supportive psychotherapy on an ongoing basis. A therapist or psychologist, in contrast, can provide supportive psychotherapy but is unable to prescribe medications. Because of their unique roles, some clients see both a medication prescriber (either a psychiatrist or PMHNP) and a therapist at the same time to address their psychiatric concerns holistically. Many psychiatrists and psychologists are very open to referring clients to other professionals if unable to meet the client's needs or if they think the client could use additional support from a different type of professional.
A referral to a psychiatrist or PMHNP is most often made when a client is in need of psychiatric medication management or assessment. These professionals are specifically trained to prescribe psychiatric medications, when necessary, for a client; however, they generally do not provide supportive psychotherapy on an ongoing basis. A therapist or psychologist, in contrast, can provide supportive psychotherapy but is unable to prescribe medications. Because of their unique roles, some clients see both a medication prescriber (either a psychiatrist or PMHNP) and a therapist at the same time to address their psychiatric concerns holistically. Many psychiatrists and psychologists are very open to referring clients to other professionals if unable to meet the client's needs or if they think the client could use additional support from a different type of professional.
Do I need a referral to see a psychiatrist or a PMHNP?
A referral to a psychiatrist or psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) is often not required. However, consulting your primary care physician (PCP) first can be beneficial and may streamline the process of getting the care you need. Your PCP can help determine whether psychiatric care is necessary or if another type of mental health support might be more appropriate. Additionally, some insurance plans require a PCP referral to cover part or all of the costs associated with seeing a specialist. Obtaining a referral can also expedite the appointment process, particularly in areas with provider shortages or for clients seeking specialists in fields like child psychiatry.
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed professional?
Yes, all professionals listed in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory are licensed to provide mental health services in the state(s) where they practice. The directory includes a variety of providers such as psychiatrists, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), physician assistants, psychologists, social workers, and counselors. Each provider must hold a valid license issued by their state regulatory body to be listed. In addition, Psychology Today offers a verification process for certain providers, signified by a 'Verified' symbol next to their profile. This badge indicates that the provider’s primary credential or license has been independently verified by Psychology Today.

