Psychiatrists in 02138

Photo of Sigalit Hoffman, Psychiatrist, MD
Sigalit Hoffman
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
I am a multilingual psychiatrist (English, French, Hebrew) with extensive experience working with children, adolescents, and young adults.
I am a multilingual psychiatrist (English, French, Hebrew) with extensive experience working with children, adolescents, and young adults.
(857) 214-7943 View (857) 214-7943
Photo of Leah Schweitzer, Psychiatrist, MD
Leah Schweitzer
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
Thank you for your interest in my profile. I am seasoned psychiatrist trained in treating a diverse patient population including those who suffer from major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, and personality disorders. I've found the patients who benefit most from my services tend to be highly motivated, ready for change. That being said, many people enter treatment with at least some degree of ambivalence; that's okay too. Common goals for treatment include alleviating symptoms of mental illness, growth and discovery of one's identity, navigating interpersonal conflict, and more.
Thank you for your interest in my profile. I am seasoned psychiatrist trained in treating a diverse patient population including those who suffer from major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, and personality disorders. I've found the patients who benefit most from my services tend to be highly motivated, ready for change. That being said, many people enter treatment with at least some degree of ambivalence; that's okay too. Common goals for treatment include alleviating symptoms of mental illness, growth and discovery of one's identity, navigating interpersonal conflict, and more.
(508) 665-2487 View (508) 665-2487
Photo of Diana M Gamser, Psychiatrist, MD
Diana M Gamser
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
I am a Harvard-trained child, adolescent and adult psychiatrist. I have experience in providing diagnostic assessment, ongoing psychotherapy, parent guidance, medication (psychopharmacology) treatment and consultations. I enjoy working with people of all ages. I have served as a psychiatric consultant to a university counselling service, and I continue to work with middle, high school, and college age students. My approach draws on my training in a wide variety of treatment modalities, including psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral and family work.
I am a Harvard-trained child, adolescent and adult psychiatrist. I have experience in providing diagnostic assessment, ongoing psychotherapy, parent guidance, medication (psychopharmacology) treatment and consultations. I enjoy working with people of all ages. I have served as a psychiatric consultant to a university counselling service, and I continue to work with middle, high school, and college age students. My approach draws on my training in a wide variety of treatment modalities, including psychodynamic, cognitive behavioral and family work.
(617) 674-1087 View (617) 674-1087
Photo of Michael D Alpert, Psychiatrist, MD
Michael D Alpert
Psychiatrist, MD
1 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138
I am a Board-Certified Psychiatrist and a faculty member at Harvard Medical School. I am also a therapist in psychedelic research trials. I offer psychotherapy, which I combine with medication management or ketamine-assisted psychotherapy if and when needed. I have experience working with a diverse range of patients, including immigrants and their families.
I am a Board-Certified Psychiatrist and a faculty member at Harvard Medical School. I am also a therapist in psychedelic research trials. I offer psychotherapy, which I combine with medication management or ketamine-assisted psychotherapy if and when needed. I have experience working with a diverse range of patients, including immigrants and their families.
(857) 858-2591 View (857) 858-2591
Photo of Menekse Alpay, Psychiatrist, MD
Menekse Alpay
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
I work with individuals who have anxiety, depression, mood disorders, insomnia, relationship problems, trauma history, medical illness, neurological illness, and/or individuals who are helping family members with these problems. My experience over the last 25 years in psychiatry has shown that medications are helpful but do not take care of all problems in life. I offer combined psychiatric treatment. I received my psychiatric residency training from Georgetown University Hospital and fellowship in Psychosomatic Medicine from Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School.
I work with individuals who have anxiety, depression, mood disorders, insomnia, relationship problems, trauma history, medical illness, neurological illness, and/or individuals who are helping family members with these problems. My experience over the last 25 years in psychiatry has shown that medications are helpful but do not take care of all problems in life. I offer combined psychiatric treatment. I received my psychiatric residency training from Georgetown University Hospital and fellowship in Psychosomatic Medicine from Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School.
(617) 231-9618 View (617) 231-9618
Photo of Omar Shah, Psychiatrist
Omar Shah
Psychiatrist
1 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138
I am an adult, child and adolescent psychiatrist and Addiction Medicine specialist. I am currently full-time faculty at Boston Children’s Hospital and clinical instructor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. I work in the Adolescent Substance Use and Addiction Program in the Division of Addiction Medicine at Boston Children’s Hospital. I also serve on the Massachusetts Medical Society's Committee on Mental Health and Substance Use. In my private practice, I assess and treat patients of all ages. My office is located in Harvard Square, Cambridge, MA. At this time, I am accepting a limited number of clients.
I am an adult, child and adolescent psychiatrist and Addiction Medicine specialist. I am currently full-time faculty at Boston Children’s Hospital and clinical instructor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. I work in the Adolescent Substance Use and Addiction Program in the Division of Addiction Medicine at Boston Children’s Hospital. I also serve on the Massachusetts Medical Society's Committee on Mental Health and Substance Use. In my private practice, I assess and treat patients of all ages. My office is located in Harvard Square, Cambridge, MA. At this time, I am accepting a limited number of clients.
(508) 905-4896 View (508) 905-4896
Kim Foehl
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
I work with adults, teens, and children in talk therapy, couples therapy, play therapy, or parent guidance. I can be especially helpful for anxiety and depression, love and relationship issues, parenting and family concerns, loss and grief, separation and divorce, adjustment to medical illness, eating and body image concerns, college life adjustment, career concerns, child behavioral problems, and child development issues.
I work with adults, teens, and children in talk therapy, couples therapy, play therapy, or parent guidance. I can be especially helpful for anxiety and depression, love and relationship issues, parenting and family concerns, loss and grief, separation and divorce, adjustment to medical illness, eating and body image concerns, college life adjustment, career concerns, child behavioral problems, and child development issues.
(617) 812-2949 View (617) 812-2949
Harold J Bursztajn
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
I have more than 30 year of service as senior faculty at Harvard Medical School. Distinctions include receipt of the highest HMS mentorship award. My private practice is at my home office, with privacy and discretion assured. Patients include healthcare professionals executives. My patients and I work together to foster personal and professional growth and development, Medications prescribed when needed. Age range from early adolescents to supe-elder. My practice is an evaluation, consultation, and treatment resource for patients, families and clinicians locally and nationally.
I have more than 30 year of service as senior faculty at Harvard Medical School. Distinctions include receipt of the highest HMS mentorship award. My private practice is at my home office, with privacy and discretion assured. Patients include healthcare professionals executives. My patients and I work together to foster personal and professional growth and development, Medications prescribed when needed. Age range from early adolescents to supe-elder. My practice is an evaluation, consultation, and treatment resource for patients, families and clinicians locally and nationally.
(617) 812-2648 View (617) 812-2648
Photo of Ah Lahm Shin, Psychiatrist
Ah Lahm Shin
Psychiatrist
2 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138
As a Harvard-trained psychiatrist specializing in child, adolescent, and adult care, I offer my patients an exceptional level of expertise and knowledge. To further our commitment to providing comprehensive and specialized care, I have collaborated with two academic psychiatrists to establish a group private practice called ReThink Minds, LLC. We offer a broad range of services tailored to our patients' needs. I strongly believe in the importance of personalized care, as every patient has unique circumstances and experiences. My aim is to deliver personalized treatment that addresses not only symptoms, but also individual needs.
As a Harvard-trained psychiatrist specializing in child, adolescent, and adult care, I offer my patients an exceptional level of expertise and knowledge. To further our commitment to providing comprehensive and specialized care, I have collaborated with two academic psychiatrists to establish a group private practice called ReThink Minds, LLC. We offer a broad range of services tailored to our patients' needs. I strongly believe in the importance of personalized care, as every patient has unique circumstances and experiences. My aim is to deliver personalized treatment that addresses not only symptoms, but also individual needs.
(617) 925-9148 View (617) 925-9148
Photo of Andrew Clark, Psychiatrist, MD
Andrew Clark
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
I'm a psychiatrist in private practice in Cambridge, Massachusetts, providing diagnostic assessments, psychotherapy, and medication management for children, teens and adults. I trained at the Massachusetts General Hospital in psychiatry and child psychiatry, and was on faculty there for 20 years, before moving to the Boston Medical Center and the Boston University School of Medicine. I've had a part time private practice in Cambridge through most of my career.
I'm a psychiatrist in private practice in Cambridge, Massachusetts, providing diagnostic assessments, psychotherapy, and medication management for children, teens and adults. I trained at the Massachusetts General Hospital in psychiatry and child psychiatry, and was on faculty there for 20 years, before moving to the Boston Medical Center and the Boston University School of Medicine. I've had a part time private practice in Cambridge through most of my career.
(508) 257-7513 View (508) 257-7513
Photo of Kevin Majeres - Dr. Majeres, Psychiatry for Anxiety and Focus, Psychiatrist, MD
My approach focuses on helping my patients to thrive on challenge. When we view challenges as opportunities, we experience adrenaline as excitement, and we grow; when we view challenges as threats, we experience adrenaline as anxiety. This means that anxiety is simply growth waiting to happen. I show my patients how to overcome worry and distractions by welcoming adrenaline and using it to work at their best. You can learn more about my approach at www.optimalwork.com.
My approach focuses on helping my patients to thrive on challenge. When we view challenges as opportunities, we experience adrenaline as excitement, and we grow; when we view challenges as threats, we experience adrenaline as anxiety. This means that anxiety is simply growth waiting to happen. I show my patients how to overcome worry and distractions by welcoming adrenaline and using it to work at their best. You can learn more about my approach at www.optimalwork.com.
(855) 773-1709 View (855) 773-1709
Photo of Krystina Smith-Claros, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP
Krystina Smith-Claros
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP
Cambridge, MA 02138
I am a Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) with a Master of Science in Nursing from Regis College. I also earned a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from Boston College and have over 13 years of experience as a registered nurse (RN) in various settings, including inpatient psychiatry and trauma/SICU environments. This extensive experience has given me a deep understanding of human anatomy and physiology, as well as the ability to think critically while working efficiently.
I am a Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) with a Master of Science in Nursing from Regis College. I also earned a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from Boston College and have over 13 years of experience as a registered nurse (RN) in various settings, including inpatient psychiatry and trauma/SICU environments. This extensive experience has given me a deep understanding of human anatomy and physiology, as well as the ability to think critically while working efficiently.
(339) 218-3774 View (339) 218-3774
Photo of Albert Yeung - Albert Yeung, MD Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy , Psychiatrist, Albert , MD, ScD
Albert Yeung, MD Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy
Psychiatrist, Albert , MD, ScD
3 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138
Dr. Yeung is a highly skilled and experienced psychiatrist affiliated with Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital. He has extensive clinical experience in treating a wide spectrum of psychiatric conditions including sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, trauma, bipolar disorder, and attention deficit disorders. Dr. Yeung personalizes treatment to each individual he works with. He utilizes a holistic approach that combines the benefits of medication, dynamic psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and complementary mind-body treatments including mindfulness, tai chi, qigong, and acupuncture.
Dr. Yeung is a highly skilled and experienced psychiatrist affiliated with Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital. He has extensive clinical experience in treating a wide spectrum of psychiatric conditions including sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, trauma, bipolar disorder, and attention deficit disorders. Dr. Yeung personalizes treatment to each individual he works with. He utilizes a holistic approach that combines the benefits of medication, dynamic psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and complementary mind-body treatments including mindfulness, tai chi, qigong, and acupuncture.
(617) 917-2457 View (617) 917-2457
Photo of Brandon A Burr - ADHD Aid Psychiatry, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, FNP
ADHD Aid Psychiatry
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, FNP
Cambridge, MA 02138
December can feel like a blur. Rushing to wrap things up, meet expectations, and stay “on” through it all? It can be beautiful…and overwhelming. It's easy to lose yourself in the rush, but you don’t have to sprint to the finish line. This season, give yourself permission to pause—reflect on how far you’ve come, what’s changed, and what you truly need moving forward. Whether you’re navigating holiday stress, burnout, or just sensing it’s time for a shift, support is here. You set the tone for what comes next. Don’t wait for January to start fresh. The new year begins with the choices you make today and that power belongs to you.
December can feel like a blur. Rushing to wrap things up, meet expectations, and stay “on” through it all? It can be beautiful…and overwhelming. It's easy to lose yourself in the rush, but you don’t have to sprint to the finish line. This season, give yourself permission to pause—reflect on how far you’ve come, what’s changed, and what you truly need moving forward. Whether you’re navigating holiday stress, burnout, or just sensing it’s time for a shift, support is here. You set the tone for what comes next. Don’t wait for January to start fresh. The new year begins with the choices you make today and that power belongs to you.
(339) 220-4491 View (339) 220-4491
Photo of Tyrone J Williams, Psychiatrist, MD
Tyrone J Williams
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
I am a psychiatrist in private practice in Cambridge, Massachusetts with board certification in adult and child & adolescent psychiatry. I have 20 years of experience in practice and most commonly treat ADHD, depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorders. I specialize in individual therapy and provide guidance to parents and families. I normally emphasize diet, exercise, and sleeping habits as essential elements to therapy. If I think it makes sense, I will prescribe medications, collaborating with my patients and their healthcare providers to make safe and appropriate medication choices.
I am a psychiatrist in private practice in Cambridge, Massachusetts with board certification in adult and child & adolescent psychiatry. I have 20 years of experience in practice and most commonly treat ADHD, depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorders. I specialize in individual therapy and provide guidance to parents and families. I normally emphasize diet, exercise, and sleeping habits as essential elements to therapy. If I think it makes sense, I will prescribe medications, collaborating with my patients and their healthcare providers to make safe and appropriate medication choices.
(617) 941-4632 View (617) 941-4632
Photo of Alicia S Yeung - Alicia Yeung PMHNP—Yeung Psychiatry&Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, CNP, PMHNP
Alicia Yeung PMHNP—Yeung Psychiatry&Psychotherapy
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, CNP, PMHNP
2 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138
If you've spent years pushing yourself to "just try harder"/"finally get it together," yet you’re still feeling overwhelmed, chronically behind, and like it’s never enough — you’re in the right place. You’re familiar with the exhausting cycle of being a perfectionistic people-pleaser, caught in overthinking and self-criticism. Others see you as accomplished; you feel one misstep away from revealing how scattered things actually are. You’re not looking for a passive listener or generic advice. You want someone who will truly see and accept you, compassionately challenge you, and help you stop chasing approval and start finding peace.
If you've spent years pushing yourself to "just try harder"/"finally get it together," yet you’re still feeling overwhelmed, chronically behind, and like it’s never enough — you’re in the right place. You’re familiar with the exhausting cycle of being a perfectionistic people-pleaser, caught in overthinking and self-criticism. Others see you as accomplished; you feel one misstep away from revealing how scattered things actually are. You’re not looking for a passive listener or generic advice. You want someone who will truly see and accept you, compassionately challenge you, and help you stop chasing approval and start finding peace.
(508) 571-6406 View (508) 571-6406
Photo of Dr. Jeffrey Kerner, Psychiatrist, MD
Dr. Jeffrey Kerner
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
I am a psychiatrist at Massachusetts General Hospital and faculty member at Harvard Medical School. I recently started a private practice to offer patients flexible scheduling and personalized treatment plans. My clinical specialties include ADHD, depression, anxiety, and OCD. My focus will be on the diagnosis and medication management of mental health challenges. However, I strongly believe in a well-rounded approach to mental health that can include psychotherapy and lifestyle modifications.
I am a psychiatrist at Massachusetts General Hospital and faculty member at Harvard Medical School. I recently started a private practice to offer patients flexible scheduling and personalized treatment plans. My clinical specialties include ADHD, depression, anxiety, and OCD. My focus will be on the diagnosis and medication management of mental health challenges. However, I strongly believe in a well-rounded approach to mental health that can include psychotherapy and lifestyle modifications.
(508) 501-1484 View (508) 501-1484
Photo of Suzanne E. Bloore, Psychiatrist, MD
Suzanne E. Bloore
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
I am a child, adolescent, and adult psychiatrist providing psychotherapy and medication management. I bring over ten years experience in working with individuals and their families on a variety of mental health and behavior concerns. My approach centers on psychodynamic psychotherapy as a transformative process that addresses life's challenges and emotional suffering, helping people transform unproductive patterns of thinking, feeling, behaving, and relating to others. I also provide consultation to parents hoping to better understand their child, to improve their relationship, and to improve family functioning.
I am a child, adolescent, and adult psychiatrist providing psychotherapy and medication management. I bring over ten years experience in working with individuals and their families on a variety of mental health and behavior concerns. My approach centers on psychodynamic psychotherapy as a transformative process that addresses life's challenges and emotional suffering, helping people transform unproductive patterns of thinking, feeling, behaving, and relating to others. I also provide consultation to parents hoping to better understand their child, to improve their relationship, and to improve family functioning.
(508) 506-8962 View (508) 506-8962
Photo of Huseyin Bayazit, Psychiatrist, MD
Huseyin Bayazit
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
Autism Spectrum Disorder specialist at Spectrum Bay Psychiatry! I am a double board-certified child, adolescent, and adult psychiatrist, trained at Harvard Medical School. I completed my autism spectrum disorder fellowship at the Massachusetts General Hospital (Lurie Center for Autism). My clinical focus includes comprehensive diagnostic evaluations for autism and co-occurring psychiatric conditions (ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, OCD), as well as medication management to support mental health and behavioral regulation.
Autism Spectrum Disorder specialist at Spectrum Bay Psychiatry! I am a double board-certified child, adolescent, and adult psychiatrist, trained at Harvard Medical School. I completed my autism spectrum disorder fellowship at the Massachusetts General Hospital (Lurie Center for Autism). My clinical focus includes comprehensive diagnostic evaluations for autism and co-occurring psychiatric conditions (ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, OCD), as well as medication management to support mental health and behavioral regulation.
(781) 650-7263 View (781) 650-7263
Photo of Dominic J Maxwell, Psychiatrist, MD
Dominic J Maxwell
Psychiatrist, MD
Cambridge, MA 02138
My treatment focus begins with a comprehensive evaluation with the explicit goal of making an accurate clinical diagnosis. A treatment plan that will address the underlying problem/s as well as the specific symptoms of the patient is then formulated. I use Psychopharmacology (medication management) and/or Psychotherapy to treat my patients - depending upon the condition and the your individual preference. I am currently offering treatment both via video link or in person.
My treatment focus begins with a comprehensive evaluation with the explicit goal of making an accurate clinical diagnosis. A treatment plan that will address the underlying problem/s as well as the specific symptoms of the patient is then formulated. I use Psychopharmacology (medication management) and/or Psychotherapy to treat my patients - depending upon the condition and the your individual preference. I am currently offering treatment both via video link or in person.
(301) 327-2358 View (301) 327-2358

See more therapy options for 02138

How does your Psychiatrist compare?

Number of Psychiatrists in 02138

100+

Average cost per session

$300

Psychiatrists in 02138 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
91% Depression
79% Medication Management
72% Trauma and PTSD
65% ADHD
61% Bipolar Disorder
59% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

84% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% Aetna
65% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Psychiatrists in 02138 see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

55% Female
45% Male
FAQs - About Psychiatrists and Psychiatric Nurses

How can I find a psychiatrist in 02138?

The Psychology Today Directory enables users to search specifically for psychiatrists by selecting the provider type from the drop-down menu, and filtering results by city, zip code, or the psychiatrist's name. The search results feature detailed profiles that outline each professional's treatment approach, areas of expertise, credentials, fees, payment options, and accepted insurance. Results include both psychiatrists (MDs) and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), who hold advanced practice nursing degrees. Users can refine their search for a specific type of psychiatric provider using the "Provider Type" filter.

What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?

Psychiatrists are medical specialists dedicated to understanding, diagnosing, and treating brain disorders and mental health conditions. As physicians, they are trained to identify the often subtle biological factors underlying mental disorders and to monitor how mental health treatments may impact other physical conditions, such as heart disease. Psychiatrists are licensed to prescribe medication and typically conduct shorter sessions that focus on medication management rather than intensive psychotherapy.

In contrast, psychologists are particularly attuned to the impact of early experiences on development, behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes. They often take a holistic approach to assessing and treating clients, considering aspects of personality and social functioning. Although psychologists cannot prescribe medication, they are frequently skilled in administering psychological tests—such as IQ tests, personality assessments, and behavioral evaluations—to assess an individual's functioning. Psychologists often engage in longer, more psychotherapy-focused sessions compared to psychiatrists.

What is a psychiatric nurse practitioner and what is the difference with a psychiatrist?

A psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), also known as a mental health nurse practitioner or psychiatric nurse practitioner, is an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who has completed advanced training in psychiatric care, earning at least a master’s degree in psychiatric nursing. To become Board-Certified (PMHNP-BC), psychiatric nurse practitioners must also pass a national exam that tests their clinical psychiatric knowledge.

Like psychiatrists, PMHNPs are trained to assess, diagnose, and treat mental health conditions. However, PMHNPs and psychiatrists differ in their training experience. While PMHNPs can complete their credentialing requirements (full bachelor's and master's degree training) in as few as 6 years, psychiatrists often spend upwards of 12 years to complete their bachelor's, medical doctorate degree, and residency training requirements. Because of training differences, some states require PMHNPs to be supervised by or enter into a collaborative agreement with a physician in order to prescribe medication.

When deciding to work with a psychiatrist or PMHNP, clients should consider factors such therapeutic fit, cost, and availability. Psychiatrists may have more substantial training in treating more severe psychiatric conditions, as well as in providing more specialized treatment services, such as child psychiatry. However, psychiatrists may be inaccessible to some clients, as their cost and availability may be prohibitive. It can often be easier for clients to find a PMHNP with openings for new clients when compared to psychiatrists, and PMHNPs may also offer lower cost treatment options for clients looking to minimize out-of-pocket costs.

Can a psychiatrist or a PMHNP prescribe medication?

The Psychology Today directory features two primary types of psychiatric professionals: psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs). Both are generally authorized to prescribe psychiatric medications. In 28 states, PMHNPs have full practice authority, allowing them to provide the complete spectrum of psychiatric care, including independent medication prescribing and management. In other states, however, PMHNPs are required to work under the supervision or in collaboration with a physician to prescribe medication. Both psychiatrists and PMHNPs may also offer additional services, such as psychotherapy, counseling, and care coordination, for clients seeking psychiatric care.

Do psychiatrists or PMHNPs offer therapy?

Both psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) are generally trained in a number of treatment modalities, including traditional psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT), pharmacotherapy, and, occasionally, various somatic therapies. Typically, psychiatrists and PMHNPs make a diagnosis and determine a course of treatment based on chemical or biological factors, using lab tests, brain scans and physical and psychological evaluations.

While psychotherapy may be used in the first session to aid in diagnosis, it is not typically utilized in subsequent visits. In fact, after the introductory session, most psychiatry sessions may only be 15-20 minutes in length and are largely focused on medication management; this is frequently the case for both psychiatrists and PMHNPs. However, medication providers who do not offer psychotherapy usually work collaboratively with psychologists and other mental health clinicians who do offer these services, and they can refer clients seeking more traditional psychotherapy services to their care.

How do I know if I need a psychiatrist, a PMHNP, or a therapist?

It is not always easy to know which type of mental health practitioner to choose. Many people are unaware of the root of their mental or behavioral problem and may be unaware of the differences in support provided by various mental health professionals. One way many people learn which type of care is best for them is by seeing their primary care provider (PCP) first. Depending on the nature and severity of the symptoms, the PCP may review their medical history and provide guidance or a referral to the appropriate type of provider.

A referral to a psychiatrist or PMHNP is most often made when a client is in need of psychiatric medication management or assessment. These professionals are specifically trained to prescribe psychiatric medications, when necessary, for a client; however, they generally do not provide supportive psychotherapy on an ongoing basis. A therapist or psychologist, in contrast, can provide supportive psychotherapy but is unable to prescribe medications. Because of their unique roles, some clients see both a medication prescriber (either a psychiatrist or PMHNP) and a therapist at the same time to address their psychiatric concerns holistically. Many psychiatrists and psychologists are very open to referring clients to other professionals if unable to meet the client's needs or if they think the client could use additional support from a different type of professional.

Do I need a referral to see a psychiatrist or a PMHNP?

A referral to a psychiatrist or psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) is often not required. However, consulting your primary care physician (PCP) first can be beneficial and may streamline the process of getting the care you need. Your PCP can help determine whether psychiatric care is necessary or if another type of mental health support might be more appropriate. Additionally, some insurance plans require a PCP referral to cover part or all of the costs associated with seeing a specialist. Obtaining a referral can also expedite the appointment process, particularly in areas with provider shortages or for clients seeking specialists in fields like child psychiatry.

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed professional?

Yes, all professionals listed in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory are licensed to provide mental health services in the state(s) where they practice. The directory includes a variety of providers such as psychiatrists, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs), physician assistants, psychologists, social workers, and counselors. Each provider must hold a valid license issued by their state regulatory body to be listed. In addition, Psychology Today offers a verification process for certain providers, signified by a 'Verified' symbol next to their profile. This badge indicates that the provider’s primary credential or license has been independently verified by Psychology Today.