Support Groups in Carrollton, TX

Sigma Counseling Services offer affordable mental health services related to substance use disorders, intellectual disability, EAP (Employee Assistance Program), CPS or court-ordered evaluation/treatments, and individuals, couples, families, and group counseling/therapy. We welcome people of all ages, ethnic background, religious differences, and sexual orientations. Our services address a wide range of mental health problems and are provided by dedicated and experienced mental health professionals.
Photo of Daniel Jung - Sigma Counseling Services, Treatment Center, LPC-S
Hosted by Sigma Counseling Services
Treatment Center, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Group meets in Carrollton, TX 75006
Sigma Counseling Services provides comprehensive mental health and substance use treatment services. Our goal is to improve access to mental health and substance use treatment, enhance individuals' quality of life, and effect positive changes in our local community. We have partnered with local community resources to offer subsidized substance use treatment for clients who meet certain qualifications. Additionally, we have affiliated with Texas State, local, and community resources such as courts, probation departments, CPS, schools, and others.
(214) 380-2581 View (214) 380-2581
The Clarity Key I course, a 6 week introduction to the Clarity Key Method. CKM is based on my model for deriving hidden beliefs and motivations which drive your self-sabotaging patterns in life, relationships and career, even your own self loathing inner dialog so that they can be changed! Info and registration at www.anneschanzphd.com This course is a pre-requisite for joining a Clarity Group. New classes form every 8-10 weeks.
Photo of Anne Schanz - Anne Schanz, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Hosted by Anne Schanz, PhD, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Carrollton, TX 75006
My goal is your self-acceptance which is the foundation for your happiness. We achieve this together as I assist you to see and challenge hidden assumptions about yourself that are creating your self-doubts, harsh inner criticisms, and paralyzing fears- the root causes of your self-sabotage, self-destructive patterns, and dysfunctional relationships. You are not to blame, it is hidden beliefs that are blocking you from creating the joyful life and healthy relationships you crave. You can achieve self-acceptance and the confidence to create the life you want by eliminating your crippling hidden blocks.
(972) 776-2427 View (972) 776-2427
Clarity Group is a small, 90 min, on-going therapy group using my Clarity Key Method to uncover the beliefs driving long standing self-sabotaging patterns in all areas of life. Completion of Clarity Key I class is a prerequisite for joining groups. A minimum 12 week commitment is required.
Photo of Anne Schanz - Anne Schanz, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Hosted by Anne Schanz, PhD, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Carrollton, TX 75006
My goal is your self-acceptance which is the foundation for your happiness. We achieve this together as I assist you to see and challenge hidden assumptions about yourself that are creating your self-doubts, harsh inner criticisms, and paralyzing fears- the root causes of your self-sabotage, self-destructive patterns, and dysfunctional relationships. You are not to blame, it is hidden beliefs that are blocking you from creating the joyful life and healthy relationships you crave. You can achieve self-acceptance and the confidence to create the life you want by eliminating your crippling hidden blocks.
(972) 776-2427 View (972) 776-2427

More Groups Nearby

Infidelity and betrayal by a partner for any reason can be severely traumatic and devastating. My Betrayal Trauma Group offers a safe, supportive, and empathetic mixed gender community for what can be the most difficult time of your life. Important and relevant discussion include strategies for coping, boundaries, disclosure letters, impact statements, phases of forgiveness, and rebuilding self esteem.
Photo of Laura L Meyer, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CSAT, CMAT, EMDR_Tr
Hosted by Laura L Meyer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CSAT, CMAT, EMDR_Tr
Verified Verified
Group meets in Flower Mound, TX 75022
Are you experiencing a devitalized relationship due to perpetual conflict? Has the unbearable pain from a unexpected betrayal from a loved one up-ended your life? Are you struggling to manage powerful urges in sex and love addiction, and problematic sexual behaviors? Allow me to help! I will work alongside you to help you to find healing and wholeness, and regain your dignity. With over a decade of practice I've learned that regardless of our identities, personalities, family backgrounds, and beliefs, we all yearn for truth, and genuine, meaningful connections that give us a sense of direction in life, and personal completion.
(832) 463-2539 View (832) 463-2539
This group is designed to connect teens struggling with anxiety and help them move together toward a full and meaningful life by building practical skills for navigating life's challenges.
Photo of Erica Jowett Hirst, PhD, BCBA-D, LBA, DipACLM
Hosted by Erica Jowett Hirst
PhD, BCBA-D, LBA, DipACLM
Verified Verified
Group meets in Lewisville, TX 75067
Are you ready for change? Learn strategies designed to improve your quality of life in as little as 6 weeks!
(214) 393-8046 View (214) 393-8046
Our evening Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP) is designed to balance recovery with your busy schedule. We focus on healing the whole family by restoring structure through clear expectations, rules, and boundaries. Participants attend group sessions three times a week and individual or family sessions once a week. Family involvement is essential for eligibility. Our multi-disciplinary team works with you and your family to provide the support needed for lasting recovery, all while respecting your time and commitments. We're here to help you rebuild and heal together.
Photo of Irene Little - Access Counseling Group, Treatment Center, LCDC, ICADC, ADCIII, CCC-SLP, LMFT-S
Hosted by Access Counseling Group
Treatment Center, LCDC, ICADC, ADCIII, CCC-SLP, LMFT-S
Verified Verified
Group meets in Frisco, TX 75033
We mend the hole in your family by healing the whole family. Since 2007 we have guided families to recovery from substance use and mental health disorders. We strive to understand individual and family goals and create a personalized plan tailored to those needs. Our approach focuses on what works best for you, ensuring lasting recovery. Our treatment includes individual and family counseling and intensive outpatient groups. Commitment to attendance, accountability, and family involvement is essential for success. Together, we’ll rebuild, restore, and reclaim a future free from addiction.
(972) 360-9422 View (972) 360-9422
We offer couples workshops through a three-phase model aimed at restoring trust, building connection, and healing sexuality in relationships affected by sex/love addiction, infidelity, and betrayal.
Photo of Laney Knowlton, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT-S, CSAT, CPTT, CCPS, IAT
Hosted by Laney Knowlton
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT-S, CSAT, CPTT, CCPS, IAT
Verified Verified
Group meets in Highland Village, TX 75077
I enjoy helping people work through challenges and heal issues that are stopping them from feeling peace. I have a strong sense of respect for each of my clients and believe they are experts in their own lives. Each individual will have their own unique solution as each has their own unique situation. I work to provide a safe, compassionate, and non-judgmental environment for my clients and can offer tools that help them better understand and process issues they are dealing with.
(682) 301-4043 View (682) 301-4043
I am now accepting new members for an art group that will be held in Flower Mound, Texas. This group is for anyone who wants to explore what girlhood means to them. Think empowerment through community plus reconnecting with childhood. No artistic experience required to join, and we will provide all materials. This group will start February 6th and run for 12 weeks.
Photo of Kaylia Schunemann, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Hosted by Kaylia Schunemann
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Flower Mound, TX 75028
I offer a free, 30-minute consultation. Are you feeling off or not quite yourself? Maybe you function well on the outside but inside you feel anxious, depressed, or disconnected. Maybe you're struggling with existential concerns: meaninglessness, death anxiety, feeling lost or isolated. I have found that the most uplifting and healing moments in life occur when we are completely open and exposed to another person and then accepted for who we are. In my practice, I value my clients whole-heartedly and emphasize your autonomy and personal choice. You are the expert on your own life.
(512) 643-6617 View (512) 643-6617
DBT skills for parents is designed to provide education and support for the parents of adolescents who currently struggle with intense emotional and behavioral difficulties by teaching them how to improve their own skills by coping with the significant stress often associated with these problems. DBT for parents helps support the most change by incorporating changes within the individual and the environment. Parent involvement is an imperative part of the program for the most effective long-term benefits and change. Separate parent coaching sessions are available to help review and gain more support for applying skills.
Photo of Desiree Frazier, Psychologist, PsyD
Hosted by Desiree Frazier
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Group meets in Flower Mound, TX 75022
I am a licensed psychologist who specializes in treatment for children and adolescents (including young adults up to age 25) and their families, especially regarding trauma, self-harm, suicidal ideation, and mood disorders. I have an extensive history of working with issues related to history of depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder, OCD, and issues related to abuse, death, and divorce. My primary objective is to improve family functioning and overall quality of life. I am passionate about helping individuals and families work toward their vision of cohesion and happiness.
(972) 815-1034 View (972) 815-1034
Photo of Michelle Fitzhugh, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, EMDR
Hosted by Michelle Fitzhugh
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, EMDR
Verified Verified
Group meets in Argyle, TX 76226
(940) 257-2446 View (940) 257-2446
DBT is an evidence-based treatment with skills that focus on mindfulness, interpersonal effectiveness, emotion regulation and distress tolerance. In this group, teens learn and practice DBT skills that they can use to regulate emotions and behaviors, enhance mood, improve relationships and engage in effective problem solving and communication. High school-aged teens struggling with emotion regulation issues, past history of self-injurious behavior and/or suicidal ideation can join this group; participants must be seeing a regular outpatient therapist outside of group.
Photo of Wynne Sherman, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCDC
Hosted by Wynne Sherman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Highland Village, TX 75077
Hi! Are you really confused about your emotional reactions? Sometimes numb sometimes really intense and it just doesn’t match the situation? Are you struggling in your relationships and with your self-worth as a result? 9 times out of 10 these are trauma responses- historical stuff showing up in the present moment. My name is Wynne, and I specialize in the treatment of trauma and post traumatic stress disorder. We can work together to bring you to a place of fully-feeling that is also mature and rational! We will also address the ways trauma often manifests- addiction, co-dependency, chronic illness, and relationship intensity.
(469) 382-5296 View (469) 382-5296
The journey through separation and divorce can be an overwhelmingly, emotional one...full of changes and conflicts. There's so much you have to do differently. How do you tell the child(ren)? How do you remain cordial to your spouse? What lessons have you learned? What will the future hold? How will you manage financially? Will you ever be ready date again? If these issues concern you, the Divorce Recovery group can help you cope with and grow through this difficult time. Limited space. Enroll now!
Photo of Michelle J. Richards - Joyful Life Institute, Inc., Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT-S
Hosted by Joyful Life Institute, Inc.
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT-S
Verified Verified
Group meets in Lewisville, TX 75067
It’s all getting to be too much! You’ve finally hit a wall. What used to work for you in times like these is no longer working. You are not alone. It is happening to the best of us. Allow Dr. Michelle Richards to walk beside you and guide you in the next leg of the journey. She has over 30 years of experience helping adults through difficult transitions, crises, and unresolved traumas. Her experience in the field includes being a university faculty, speaker, clinical supervisor, military family life consultant, and marriage and family therapist.
(972) 665-7947 View (972) 665-7947
In this group, you will learn how to attain peace through a variety of mindfullness technques led by a licensed professional counselor.
Photo of Alexandr Philip, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Hosted by Alexandr Philip
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Group meets in Flower Mound, TX 75022
Are you consumed by grief, feeling like you’re drowning in sadness and loss? Every day feels heavy, and you may wonder if the pain will ever ease. I understand how isolating and overwhelming this can be. The weight of memories, the unanswered questions, the anxiety, and the constant ache can feel unbearable. But there is hope. Together, we can face your grief head-on, process the pain, and start to heal. With support and understanding, you can rediscover peace and meaning in your life through a spiritual lens. Let’s take that first step toward healing together.
(972) 635-4601 View (972) 635-4601
Now Enrolling. The Thriving after Trauma group is a 15-week online, group that introduces you to skills to cope with emotions, intrusive thoughts, anxiety, depression, flashbacks, self-harm, crises, and relationships. This group is designed for trauma survivors. It is a didactic, interactive, and multimedia process group. This group is the prerequisite or corequisite for the "What you Don't Know about Trauma can Hurt You" and the "Trauma Recovery and Empowerment groups." Limited space. Enroll now!
Photo of Michelle J. Richards - Joyful Life Institute, Inc., Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT-S
Hosted by Joyful Life Institute, Inc.
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT-S
Verified Verified
Group meets in Lewisville, TX 75067
It’s all getting to be too much! You’ve finally hit a wall. What used to work for you in times like these is no longer working. You are not alone. It is happening to the best of us. Allow Dr. Michelle Richards to walk beside you and guide you in the next leg of the journey. She has over 30 years of experience helping adults through difficult transitions, crises, and unresolved traumas. Her experience in the field includes being a university faculty, speaker, clinical supervisor, military family life consultant, and marriage and family therapist.
(972) 665-7947 View (972) 665-7947
Teen girl mentoring program that prepares girls ages 7-18 to meet the challenges of adolescence and young adulthood through an educational curriculum that promotes self-esteem, character building, life skills, and leadership skills. The curriculum is facilitated through mentoring activities to help them achieve social, emotional, spiritual and physical wellbeing.
Photo of Dr. Kachanda L Hewitt, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, PhD
Hosted by Dr. Kachanda L Hewitt
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, PhD
Verified Verified
Group meets in Corinth, TX 76208
I have always had the heart to help others. I have had the opportunity to provide counseling services, mentoring, and life coaching in the community, private, and educational sectors. Providing counseling and mentoring to families to improve families’ dynamics in the form of family, couples, individual, and group counseling has been my passion for many years. I strive to help clients overcome circumstances and learning how to be self-sufficient and emotionally stable.
(469) 663-8776 View (469) 663-8776
Men's group is composed of men from all walks of life. Men can join together to learn how to manage a variety of issues ranging from co-dependency, addiction, anger, parenting, marriage and workplace issues. This group offers a safe place for men to realize they are not alone, allowing themselves to be vulnerable without judgement or ridicule.
Photo of Brad Cullum, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, EMDR
Hosted by Brad Cullum
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Group meets in Argyle, TX 76226
Life can be filled with disappointment, stress, pain, and loss that can leave us feeling overwhelmed, alone, and vulnerable. During these times of struggle it can be difficult to find hope that things can change, improve, or ever be okay again. I am dedicated to helping those who find themselves in positions that often seem impossible to overcome. I believe an abundant, peaceful, and joy filled life is available for those who seek to change unhealthy patterns in their lives, improve their relationships, and strive to be the best versions of themselves.
(940) 241-4140 View (940) 241-4140
Group is virtual in Texas for anyone who has experienced betrayal in their primary relationship regardless of gender or sexual orientation. Group provides a space to process through and connect with others who can relate. We will provide education about problematic sexual behavior, betrayal trauma, and trauma healing as well as coping skills and a place to share about the highs and lows of life in and out of betrayal trauma recovery. Contact me for more info. and to see if group is a good fit for you.
Photo of Callie Manea, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A, CCPS, ACCRS-A, C-DGS
Hosted by Callie Manea
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A, CCPS, ACCRS-A, C-DGS
Verified Verified
Group meets in Flower Mound, TX 75028
Now accepting new clients for couple's counseling! Hi, I'm Callie and here's a little about how I work with clients. My focus is to get clear on your goals and make sure I get what you're needing to set the stage for productive progress. I believe my clients have what they need within to figure out their problems - my role is to help sort through and put together the roadmap for moving forward. For couples, I help you increase your ability to understand AND be heard, and work through tough topics you may struggle to gain headway with. We'll look at and identify relational patterns, and how to create a different way through.
(940) 748-1513 View (940) 748-1513
Forming group onsite and via Zoom starting Saturday, October 03, 2020. This is a therapist lead therapy and peer support group for licensed medical professionals and first responders. This group provides a safe place for participants to vent and process their feelings concerning stressors, anxieties, trauma, and occupational and domestic related issues that they frequently encounter. Psychoeducation and teaching enhanced coping and stress management skills to be provided. Issues concerning substance use and recovery support will also be included. Please email or call for inquires, or to join the support group. Phone: 940-294-7061 ext. 3
Photo of Linda Kay Campbell, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCDC, RN, NCC, CPTT
Hosted by Linda Kay Campbell
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCDC, RN, NCC, CPTT
Verified Verified
Group meets in Argyle, TX 76226
I have been married for 17 years and have 3 adult step children, a son-in-law and 3 grandchildren. I also have 2 cats that are important members of the family. Family is something I view to be a living entity, challenging at times, and have come value over the years. My life experiences have given me insight and perspectives that allow me to make unique connections with my clients. I learned that life is ever changing. I have come to realize that during times when we feel defeated, it does not mean we are unable to change the outcome or our quality of life in the future, nor, is it too late to create the life we do want.
(682) 255-1057 View (682) 255-1057
Women's group addressing shame, empathy, connection and relationships based on Brené Brown's ground breaking books "Daring Greatly" and "Rising Strong".
Photo of Tamara McFarland - Tamara McFarland Counseling, PLLC., Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-S, RPT-S, NCC
Hosted by Tamara McFarland Counseling, PLLC.
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-S, RPT-S, NCC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Lewisville, TX 75057
Dr. McFarland is a Licensed Professional Counselor and Supervisor as well as a Registered Play Therapist Supervisor. Tamara is a Certified Daring Way™ Facilitator trained by Dr. Brené Brown and her team. Tamara studied marriage and family dynamics in her doctorate program. She is certified in the Gottman marriage counseling method I & II and utilizes Sue Johnson's theory of Emotionally Focused Therapy for repairing attachment in couples work. Tamara is trained in EMDR therapy I & II which is used for treating trauma.
(469) 331-5566 View (469) 331-5566
A small group for children in 2nd - 4th grade to share and learn coping skills.
Photo of Debbie Loya Hundley, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC
Hosted by Debbie Loya Hundley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Sanger, TX 76266
We have all felt sad, lost, or just plain tired. Sometimes, it is hard to know what our next step should be. Maybe you know where you want to be in your life, relationships, or work, but are just not sure how to get there. Let's talk. I offer a safe, and informal therapeutic setting for men, women, and teens to learn about themselves, heal from hurt, and set goals.
(940) 251-3929 View (940) 251-3929

See more therapy options for Carrollton

FAQs - About Group Therapy and Support Groups

How can I find a support group in Carrollton?

To find a support group in your area, start by entering your city, zip code, or the name of the group into the search bar at the top of the page. When searching, consider whether you prefer an in-person or virtual group. This can help you decide how broad your geographic search should be. If you are open to virtual groups, you might want to search by state instead of just your city, especially if there are limited options nearby.

Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.

How does group therapy work?

Group therapy is led by one or more trained therapists and provides a space where participants can process their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges. Groups may focus on a specific issue—such as addiction, grief, physical illnesses, parenting, or caregiving—or they may center around a particular therapeutic approach, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), social skill development, or Exposure Therapy. Some groups are also designed for specific populations, such as teens, veterans, or LGBTQ+ individuals.

It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.

What are the benefits of group therapy?

Group therapy offers several important benefits. It brings together people facing similar challenges—whether related to mental health, physical health, or life transitions—and creates a supportive environment where participants can exchange feedback, share experiences, and learn from one another. Hearing different perspectives can help individuals discover new coping strategies and practical tools they may not have encountered on their own. Sharing personal experiences, such as coping with a serious illness or navigating family struggles, can also reduce feelings of isolation and foster a sense of connection and understanding. In addition to emotional support, group members often gain useful, real-world advice from peers who have faced similar situations.

Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.

Is group therapy as effective as individual therapy?

It is difficult to make a blanket statement about the effectiveness of support groups, as they vary widely in focus and the conditions they address. However, support groups can be highly valuable in helping individuals gain emotional support and achieve meaningful treatment outcomes. For certain conditions, such as substance use, research has shown that group therapy can be particularly effective—sometimes just as effective as individual therapy—in supporting long-term recovery.

Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.

How much does group therapy cost?

Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy, with sessions typically costing between $50 and $75 each. In comparison, individual therapy can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 or more per session, even with insurance. Some therapists or organizations offer low-cost or free group therapy options, particularly through community centers or nonprofit organizations. In some cases, groups may require payment upfront for a set number of sessions, such as paying for six weekly sessions at the first meeting. However, many providers offer payment plans to help make participation more accessible if this upfront payment is required.

Does insurance cover group therapy?

As with individual therapy, insurance coverage for group therapy varies based on factors such as your specific insurance plan, the purpose of the group, your diagnosis, and whether the group provider is in-network. Many insurance plans cover group therapy sessions that address diagnosable mental health conditions, such as substance use disorders, anxiety, or depression.

However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.

How long does group therapy last?

The length of each group therapy session typically ranges from 45 minutes to two hours, depending on the therapy approach, the group’s goals, and how often the group meets. In some cases, group therapy is part of a larger treatment program, such as an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP), where group sessions complement individual therapy and are scheduled as part of the program’s overall structure.

The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.

What are the limitations of support groups?

Support groups offer many benefits, but they also have certain limitations. Unlike therapy groups, many support groups do not provide formal therapeutic treatment and are not led by licensed mental health professionals. For individuals seeking clinical treatment for specific mental health diagnoses—such as depression, eating disorders, or substance use—individual therapy or group therapy led by a licensed professional may offer more personalized and specialized care.

The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.