Support Groups in Summit County, OH

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For all struggling with social anxiety to come together and connect with others having similar life experiences. Meetings provide a place to share struggles & successes with others excited to hear about both. It is a place of vulnerability & encouragement, so that true connections can be made & lasting relationships fostered. This will be a resource that provides an escape from your every day so you can be rejuvinated and refueled with confidence needed to return to life. This is not a place for shame or victimhood. We know mental health issues have a stigma but that mindset is not shared here.
Photo of Esam Joshua Pietras, Counselor, LPCC, STS, PMP
Hosted by Esam Joshua Pietras
Counselor, LPCC, STS, PMP
Group meets in Richfield, OH 44286
For all struggling with social anxiety to come together and connect with others having similar life experiences. Meetings provide a place to share struggles & successes with others excited to hear about both. It is a place of vulnerability & encouragement, so that true connections can be made & lasting relationships fostered. This will be a resource that provides an escape from your every day so you can be rejuvinated and refueled with confidence needed to return to life. This is not a place for shame or victimhood. We know mental health issues have a stigma but that mindset is not shared here.
(234) 222-4030 View (234) 222-4030
Come join our newly formed group that focuses on adjusting to separation and divorce. This group will focus on multiple topics that are often times associated/experienced when major "life" events occur. Have meaningful conversations with others going through similar transitions. A State Licensed Psychotherapist will guide these groups and will include therapeutic activities, special guest speakers, and social activities that encourage personal growth, and healthy relationships. Group will meet 1x's weekly for 2 - hours and will include a "Break-The-Ice" social interaction at the start of each meeting that includes soft drinks, coffee, tea, and dessert.
Photo of Tammy L Zender - Talk It Out Counseling, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, MSW, LISW-S
Hosted by Talk It Out Counseling, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSA, MSW, LISW-S
Group meets in Barberton, OH 44203
Come join our newly formed group that focuses on adjusting to separation and divorce. This group will focus on multiple topics that are often times associated/experienced when major "life" events occur. Have meaningful conversations with others going through similar transitions. A State Licensed Psychotherapist will guide these groups and will include therapeutic activities, special guest speakers, and social activities that encourage personal growth, and healthy relationships. Group will meet 1x's weekly for 2 - hours and will include a "Break-The-Ice" social interaction at the start of each meeting that includes soft drinks, coffee, tea, and dessert.
(330) 366-8381 View (330) 366-8381
Diverse clinical staff is experienced in treating Children, Adolescents and Adults. Through patient education our counselors, prescribers and psychologists work together to coordinate your care to ensure the most effective treatment. Areas treated, but not limited to: Anxiety disorders, depression, Bipolar and mood disorders, Schizophrenia and psychotic disorder, ADHD, Autism spectrum disorders, sexuality and sexual related issues/disorders and dual diagnosis.
Photo of Austin Smith, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNPBC, APRN
Hosted by Austin Smith
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNPBC, APRN
Group meets in Fairlawn, OH 44333
Diverse clinical staff is experienced in treating Children, Adolescents and Adults. Through patient education our counselors, prescribers and psychologists work together to coordinate your care to ensure the most effective treatment. Areas treated, but not limited to: Anxiety disorders, depression, Bipolar and mood disorders, Schizophrenia and psychotic disorder, ADHD, Autism spectrum disorders, sexuality and sexual related issues/disorders and dual diagnosis.
(440) 298-2358 View (440) 298-2358
VIRTUAL ONLY Unlike traditional therapy, a support circle is about community and connection — creating a safe environment to explore our shared human experiences. In this space, we honor each other’s stories, find belonging, and walk side by side on the journey of trauma recovery and healing. Support circles offer the reminder that we are stronger together, and that healing happens not just in isolation, but through the power of authentic relationships, empathy, and mutual support.
Photo of Martha Witkowski, Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, CLC
Hosted by Martha Witkowski
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, CLC
Group meets in Northfield, OH 44067
VIRTUAL ONLY Unlike traditional therapy, a support circle is about community and connection — creating a safe environment to explore our shared human experiences. In this space, we honor each other’s stories, find belonging, and walk side by side on the journey of trauma recovery and healing. Support circles offer the reminder that we are stronger together, and that healing happens not just in isolation, but through the power of authentic relationships, empathy, and mutual support.
(440) 271-1148 View (440) 271-1148
Embrace the combined power of ketamine’s transformative potential with shared human experiences. Ketamine-assisted therapy is a great fit for those who struggle with anxiety, depression and/or the lingering effects of trauma. Our clinicians are trained and experienced in supporting the healing power of psychedelic work.
Photo of Britney Cirullo - Alternative Therapeutics, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, BCN
Hosted by Alternative Therapeutics
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, BCN
Group meets in Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44223
Embrace the combined power of ketamine’s transformative potential with shared human experiences. Ketamine-assisted therapy is a great fit for those who struggle with anxiety, depression and/or the lingering effects of trauma. Our clinicians are trained and experienced in supporting the healing power of psychedelic work.
(330) 632-3662 View (330) 632-3662
In this supportive group, you’ll learn more than just the basic skills. You'll also learn real-life strategies for implementing: Mindfulness: Stay present and centered. Interpersonal Effectiveness: Build healthy relationships. Emotional Regulation: Manage and express your emotions healthily. Distress Tolerance: Cope with life's challenges more effectively. Previous DBT skills training is not required. The group begins on 07/29/2024 and may be joined at any time. Text DBT to 330-861-6682 or email hello@windingroadtherapygroup.com
Photo of Jennifer Rastetter, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC-S, KAP
Hosted by Jennifer Rastetter
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC-S, KAP
Group meets in Akron, OH 44319
In this supportive group, you’ll learn more than just the basic skills. You'll also learn real-life strategies for implementing: Mindfulness: Stay present and centered. Interpersonal Effectiveness: Build healthy relationships. Emotional Regulation: Manage and express your emotions healthily. Distress Tolerance: Cope with life's challenges more effectively. Previous DBT skills training is not required. The group begins on 07/29/2024 and may be joined at any time. Text DBT to 330-861-6682 or email hello@windingroadtherapygroup.com
(330) 249-7920 View (330) 249-7920
The Azalea Institute provides mental health and wellness services. Our clinicians specialize in treating a variety of presenting concerns, such as complex trauma, PTSD, relationship stress, family strain, depression, anxiety among others. Each clinician is trained in EMDR and uses an affirming, trauma-informed, and multicultural lens. We offer services ranging from individual, family, relationship and group counseling to training and consulting services. We also provide professional development opportunities for clinicians, including consulting, supervision, CEU trainings and workshops (EMDR, LPC, MFT, & SW). *We are currently offering telehealth and in office sessions.* Your well-being is our ultimate concern.
Hosted by Elias Decker
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Group meets in Cuyahoga Falls, OH 44221
The Azalea Institute provides mental health and wellness services. Our clinicians specialize in treating a variety of presenting concerns, such as complex trauma, PTSD, relationship stress, family strain, depression, anxiety among others. Each clinician is trained in EMDR and uses an affirming, trauma-informed, and multicultural lens. We offer services ranging from individual, family, relationship and group counseling to training and consulting services. We also provide professional development opportunities for clinicians, including consulting, supervision, CEU trainings and workshops (EMDR, LPC, MFT, & SW). *We are currently offering telehealth and in office sessions.* Your well-being is our ultimate concern.
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Monthly coaching/therapy group for those who don't want to be in or cannot afford individual therapy. Focus: teaching the finer points of tapping, helping to set the focus of the monthly personal work, and assisting with issues that are particularly difficult to shift. Each month, at least one person will do work with me, while others will both learn from these demonstrations and get the "borrowing benefits" from tapping along. This group will begin as soon as there are enough people registered for it. I will then add the times and the exact location (2.24.18).
Photo of Holly Timberlake, Psychologist, PhD, DCEP
Hosted by Holly Timberlake
Psychologist, PhD, DCEP
Group meets in Hudson, OH 44236
Monthly coaching/therapy group for those who don't want to be in or cannot afford individual therapy. Focus: teaching the finer points of tapping, helping to set the focus of the monthly personal work, and assisting with issues that are particularly difficult to shift. Each month, at least one person will do work with me, while others will both learn from these demonstrations and get the "borrowing benefits" from tapping along. This group will begin as soon as there are enough people registered for it. I will then add the times and the exact location (2.24.18).
(330) 476-9938 View (330) 476-9938
Mental Wellness workshop for adults. Held in person at the Richfield Heritage Preserve in Richfield, OH on November 7th, 2026. Registration/Fee required. Go to rjrd.recdesk.com to register.
Photo of Lynne Cardilino, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DDiv, MSSA, LISW-S, CIMHP
Hosted by Lynne Cardilino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DDiv, MSSA, LISW-S, CIMHP
Group meets in Richfield, OH 44286
Mental Wellness workshop for adults. Held in person at the Richfield Heritage Preserve in Richfield, OH on November 7th, 2026. Registration/Fee required. Go to rjrd.recdesk.com to register.
(330) 921-0594 View (330) 921-0594
Hudson Counseling and Wellness is a concierge, trauma informed, psychotherapy practice located in Hudson, Ohio.
Photo of Megan Davis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, TCYM 2, CYT-500
Hosted by Megan Davis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, TCYM 2, CYT-500
Group meets in Hudson, OH 44236
Hudson Counseling and Wellness is a concierge, trauma informed, psychotherapy practice located in Hudson, Ohio.
(330) 968-0672 View (330) 968-0672
Want to embrace your true self and form genuine, meaningful connections? Join our weekly online, 1 and 1/2 hour therapy group designed for adult men & women who find it challenging to be themselves around others. You'll experience authentic connection in a safe, supportive space. You can practice taking off social masks and gain the confidence to build relationships based on genuine self-expression. Find out what you may be doing or not doing to better connect with others in a kind space.
Photo of Amanda Baker, Counselor, LPCC, LICDC
Hosted by Amanda Baker
Counselor, LPCC, LICDC
Group meets in Akron, OH 44313
Want to embrace your true self and form genuine, meaningful connections? Join our weekly online, 1 and 1/2 hour therapy group designed for adult men & women who find it challenging to be themselves around others. You'll experience authentic connection in a safe, supportive space. You can practice taking off social masks and gain the confidence to build relationships based on genuine self-expression. Find out what you may be doing or not doing to better connect with others in a kind space.
(330) 862-8208 View (330) 862-8208
This free monthly virtual support group is a space where adult children who are estranged from family can share their experiences, be heard, and connect with others who genuinely understand. And you don't have to be no-contact to join us! The group meets virtually on the last Thursday of every month. Sessions are intentionally unstructured and non-clinical - there's no agenda, no pressure, just room to show up as you are. How to join: Text GROUP to 330-234-9694. This step ensures a safe, secure environment for everyone in the group.
Photo of Allison Riley, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Hosted by Allison Riley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Group meets in Akron, OH 44313
This free monthly virtual support group is a space where adult children who are estranged from family can share their experiences, be heard, and connect with others who genuinely understand. And you don't have to be no-contact to join us! The group meets virtually on the last Thursday of every month. Sessions are intentionally unstructured and non-clinical - there's no agenda, no pressure, just room to show up as you are. How to join: Text GROUP to 330-234-9694. This step ensures a safe, secure environment for everyone in the group.
(440) 274-9185 View (440) 274-9185
Specializing in behavioral, psychiatric and mental health services, individualized to achieve the highest state of wellness for our patients. Your Wellness Our diverse clinical staff is experienced in treating children, adolescents, and adults. Through patient education our counselors and prescribers work together to coordinate your care to ensure the most effective treatment. While each provider has their own unique personality and therapeutic approach, all providers are experienced in utilizing evidence based treatment modalities. We strive to provide a safe and welcoming environment that is inclusive to all!
Photo of Chris Mccourt, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, -BC
Hosted by Chris Mccourt
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, -BC
Group meets in Fairlawn, OH 44333
Specializing in behavioral, psychiatric and mental health services, individualized to achieve the highest state of wellness for our patients. Your Wellness Our diverse clinical staff is experienced in treating children, adolescents, and adults. Through patient education our counselors and prescribers work together to coordinate your care to ensure the most effective treatment. While each provider has their own unique personality and therapeutic approach, all providers are experienced in utilizing evidence based treatment modalities. We strive to provide a safe and welcoming environment that is inclusive to all!
(440) 294-8378 View (440) 294-8378
“True healing from trauma happens in community, not in solitude” -Elizabeth Smart. This is a healing group designed for women anywhere in Ohio recovering from infidelity/relational betrayal. Trauma and shame thrives in isolation, healing happens in connection. Research shows shared-group environments reduce shame, normalize emotional responses, and improve depression, anxiety, and trauma-related distress. In this group, women experience connection, validation, and relational safety. First sessions is FREE. Attend for as many weeks as it feels helpful! www.cypresscouples.com to learn more and sign up.
Photo of Suzie Yoder, Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, MA, LMFT
Hosted by Suzie Yoder
Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, MA, LMFT
Group meets in Akron, OH 44313
“True healing from trauma happens in community, not in solitude” -Elizabeth Smart. This is a healing group designed for women anywhere in Ohio recovering from infidelity/relational betrayal. Trauma and shame thrives in isolation, healing happens in connection. Research shows shared-group environments reduce shame, normalize emotional responses, and improve depression, anxiety, and trauma-related distress. In this group, women experience connection, validation, and relational safety. First sessions is FREE. Attend for as many weeks as it feels helpful! www.cypresscouples.com to learn more and sign up.
(330) 422-4861 View (330) 422-4861
This group is for all women experiencing chronic pain making them feel alone as well as causing anxiety & depression. Living with pain can effect your life leaving you feeling like you want to take your power back. We will create community through sharing our stories, connecting with others, lifting each other up, gaining peace, knowing that we are not alone, practicing somatic exercises, yoga, breath, journaling, and meditation.
Photo of Erin Grove, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS, CMHC
Hosted by Erin Grove
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MS, CMHC
Group meets in Richfield, OH 44286
This group is for all women experiencing chronic pain making them feel alone as well as causing anxiety & depression. Living with pain can effect your life leaving you feeling like you want to take your power back. We will create community through sharing our stories, connecting with others, lifting each other up, gaining peace, knowing that we are not alone, practicing somatic exercises, yoga, breath, journaling, and meditation.
(440) 586-3751 View (440) 586-3751
This is a 5 session closed-group, based on age. I coach the small group for 5 (1 hour) sessions to teach age-appropriate coping skills to effectively manage BIG emotions and increase self-esteem. Whole group activities and individual reflection at home will be the format. Themes include: Self-Control Strategies, Understanding Body Language and Accepting Accountability. While helping your child develop emotional control, I increase confidence in healthy ways. Group members will need a 1-subject notebook. Send me a personal email for more information. Tonya@gracegrovehealing.com
Photo of Tonya Merlitti - Grace Grove Healing Counseling , Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MS, CMHC, LPCC
Hosted by Grace Grove Healing Counseling
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MS, CMHC, LPCC
Group meets in Stow, OH 44224
This is a 5 session closed-group, based on age. I coach the small group for 5 (1 hour) sessions to teach age-appropriate coping skills to effectively manage BIG emotions and increase self-esteem. Whole group activities and individual reflection at home will be the format. Themes include: Self-Control Strategies, Understanding Body Language and Accepting Accountability. While helping your child develop emotional control, I increase confidence in healthy ways. Group members will need a 1-subject notebook. Send me a personal email for more information. Tonya@gracegrovehealing.com
(234) 657-1938 View (234) 657-1938
This is a Women's recovery group that focuses on creating a safe place for sharing experiences of abuse and trauma and allows for new patterns to be established. We learn how to set boundaries,speak up for ourselves assertively,believe in our selves and feel deserving of love and support. In essence we create a new pattern for our life.
Photo of Lee London-Trail, Licensed Professional Counselor, LICDC-S, LPC
Hosted by Lee London-Trail
Licensed Professional Counselor, LICDC-S, LPC
Group meets in Twinsburg, OH 44087
This is a Women's recovery group that focuses on creating a safe place for sharing experiences of abuse and trauma and allows for new patterns to be established. We learn how to set boundaries,speak up for ourselves assertively,believe in our selves and feel deserving of love and support. In essence we create a new pattern for our life.
(216) 485-3185 View (216) 485-3185
Need help and support navigating life's transitions? Whether it is a new career, motherhood, empty nest, or the first or "second" marriage, this group is designed to dispel myths, affirm feelings, and boost self worth.
Photo of Gizelle A Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Hosted by Gizelle A Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Group meets in Fairlawn, OH 44333
Need help and support navigating life's transitions? Whether it is a new career, motherhood, empty nest, or the first or "second" marriage, this group is designed to dispel myths, affirm feelings, and boost self worth.
(234) 813-4711 View (234) 813-4711
This group is designed to increase effective communication between partners. This groups goal is to identify the barriers to intimacy and connection. This group also addresses the challenges of parenting as partners.
Photo of Barbara Parker - BF Empowerment Center, Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Hosted by BF Empowerment Center
Counselor, MA, LPCC-S
Group meets in Akron, OH 44311
This group is designed to increase effective communication between partners. This groups goal is to identify the barriers to intimacy and connection. This group also addresses the challenges of parenting as partners.
(330) 427-4921 View (330) 427-4921
An on-going group intended for teenagers whose emotions and behaviors may feel out of control and may have difficulty coping in healthy ways . Objectives include: 1. Improve understanding of why we feel what we do, "What are our emotions trying to tell us?" 2. Increase insight and improve ability to label emotions 3. Learn and practice a variety of effective coping skills 4. Use skills to manage emotions and reduce behaviors such as emotional outbursts, cutting, isolation, suicidal thoughts/ threats, generalized and social anxiety, and fighting with others 5. Be a part of a group that is supportive and nurturing.
Photo of Patricia Shumay, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Hosted by Patricia Shumay
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Group meets in Richfield, OH 44286
An on-going group intended for teenagers whose emotions and behaviors may feel out of control and may have difficulty coping in healthy ways . Objectives include: 1. Improve understanding of why we feel what we do, "What are our emotions trying to tell us?" 2. Increase insight and improve ability to label emotions 3. Learn and practice a variety of effective coping skills 4. Use skills to manage emotions and reduce behaviors such as emotional outbursts, cutting, isolation, suicidal thoughts/ threats, generalized and social anxiety, and fighting with others 5. Be a part of a group that is supportive and nurturing.
(216) 455-5292 View (216) 455-5292

See more therapy options for Summit County

FAQs - About Group Therapy and Support Groups

How can I find a support group in Summit County?

To find a support group in your area, start by entering your city, zip code, or the name of the group into the search bar at the top of the page. When searching, consider whether you prefer an in-person or virtual group. This can help you decide how broad your geographic search should be. If you are open to virtual groups, you might want to search by state instead of just your city, especially if there are limited options nearby.

Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.

How does group therapy work?

Group therapy is led by one or more trained therapists and provides a space where participants can process their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges. Groups may focus on a specific issue—such as addiction, grief, physical illnesses, parenting, or caregiving—or they may center around a particular therapeutic approach, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), social skill development, or Exposure Therapy. Some groups are also designed for specific populations, such as teens, veterans, or LGBTQ+ individuals.

It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.

What are the benefits of group therapy?

Group therapy offers several important benefits. It brings together people facing similar challenges—whether related to mental health, physical health, or life transitions—and creates a supportive environment where participants can exchange feedback, share experiences, and learn from one another. Hearing different perspectives can help individuals discover new coping strategies and practical tools they may not have encountered on their own. Sharing personal experiences, such as coping with a serious illness or navigating family struggles, can also reduce feelings of isolation and foster a sense of connection and understanding. In addition to emotional support, group members often gain useful, real-world advice from peers who have faced similar situations.

Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.

Is group therapy as effective as individual therapy?

It is difficult to make a blanket statement about the effectiveness of support groups, as they vary widely in focus and the conditions they address. However, support groups can be highly valuable in helping individuals gain emotional support and achieve meaningful treatment outcomes. For certain conditions, such as substance use, research has shown that group therapy can be particularly effective—sometimes just as effective as individual therapy—in supporting long-term recovery.

Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.

How much does group therapy cost?

Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy, with sessions typically costing between $50 and $75 each. In comparison, individual therapy can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 or more per session, even with insurance. Some therapists or organizations offer low-cost or free group therapy options, particularly through community centers or nonprofit organizations. In some cases, groups may require payment upfront for a set number of sessions, such as paying for six weekly sessions at the first meeting. However, many providers offer payment plans to help make participation more accessible if this upfront payment is required.

Does insurance cover group therapy?

As with individual therapy, insurance coverage for group therapy varies based on factors such as your specific insurance plan, the purpose of the group, your diagnosis, and whether the group provider is in-network. Many insurance plans cover group therapy sessions that address diagnosable mental health conditions, such as substance use disorders, anxiety, or depression.

However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.

How long does group therapy last?

The length of each group therapy session typically ranges from 45 minutes to two hours, depending on the therapy approach, the group’s goals, and how often the group meets. In some cases, group therapy is part of a larger treatment program, such as an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP), where group sessions complement individual therapy and are scheduled as part of the program’s overall structure.

The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.

What are the limitations of support groups?

Support groups offer many benefits, but they also have certain limitations. Unlike therapy groups, many support groups do not provide formal therapeutic treatment and are not led by licensed mental health professionals. For individuals seeking clinical treatment for specific mental health diagnoses—such as depression, eating disorders, or substance use—individual therapy or group therapy led by a licensed professional may offer more personalized and specialized care.

The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.