Support Groups in Escondido, CA
If you're highly sensitive or just feel extra reactive, this skills group is for you. Together, we will learn skills like mapping your nervous system, somatic integration and in the moment chill techniques. This group is geared towards women and is camera on optional.

If you're highly sensitive or just feel extra reactive, this skills group is for you. Together, we will learn skills like mapping your nervous system, somatic integration and in the moment chill techniques. This group is geared towards women and is camera on optional.
Learn how to use Planned Dream Intervention® to help you end nightmares. This is a class, not therapy, and also provides you with my book. Most individuals who learn how to effectively use this skill are no longer woken up by nightmares after they use the intervention. This usually results in uninterrupted sleep. In addition to not being scared by dreams, you get much better sleep. This class will be limited to 6 or less, is 2.5 hours, and in English. I can teach the class at your group location, and can teach the class over Internet such as Skype.

Hosted by Dr. Beverly Ann Dexter
Psychologist, PhD, CDR/ret, OIF, DV, SW
Group meets in Escondido, CA 92025
Learn how to use Planned Dream Intervention® to help you end nightmares. This is a class, not therapy, and also provides you with my book. Most individuals who learn how to effectively use this skill are no longer woken up by nightmares after they use the intervention. This usually results in uninterrupted sleep. In addition to not being scared by dreams, you get much better sleep. This class will be limited to 6 or less, is 2.5 hours, and in English. I can teach the class at your group location, and can teach the class over Internet such as Skype.
Weekly intensive group therapy focused on living with sexual integrity. Each session is 50 minutes and is conducted via Zoom. Topics discussed include infidelity, porn/lust, risky sexual behaviors, and other unwanted behaviors. This is a safe space for men to take off their “mask,” practice honesty/vulnerability, develop an accountability network, and learn from others on the same journey. During the sessions, we share our struggles and successes. We develop solutions for difficult situations. We delve deeper into the underlying issues that hinder growth. We study books and selected readings to gain greater understanding.

Hosted by Men's Issues - Dr. Dean
Psychologist, PsyD, QME, Author
Group meets in Escondido, CA 92025
Weekly intensive group therapy focused on living with sexual integrity. Each session is 50 minutes and is conducted via Zoom. Topics discussed include infidelity, porn/lust, risky sexual behaviors, and other unwanted behaviors. This is a safe space for men to take off their “mask,” practice honesty/vulnerability, develop an accountability network, and learn from others on the same journey. During the sessions, we share our struggles and successes. We develop solutions for difficult situations. We delve deeper into the underlying issues that hinder growth. We study books and selected readings to gain greater understanding.
We don't believe in a "one-sided" therapeutic approach ... with the Family Bootcamp - parents are involved too. So, while the youth are experiencing the wilderness, parents remain in St. George and participate in an intensive two day "Parenting Boot Camp." Under the direction of Daniel Sanderson, Ph.D., parents engage in two days of comprehensive parent training sessions focused on the discovery and disruption of unhealthy family dynamics. Dr. Sanderson's trademark theory of Developmental Vacation provides the underpinnings of the instruction.

We don't believe in a "one-sided" therapeutic approach ... with the Family Bootcamp - parents are involved too. So, while the youth are experiencing the wilderness, parents remain in St. George and participate in an intensive two day "Parenting Boot Camp." Under the direction of Daniel Sanderson, Ph.D., parents engage in two days of comprehensive parent training sessions focused on the discovery and disruption of unhealthy family dynamics. Dr. Sanderson's trademark theory of Developmental Vacation provides the underpinnings of the instruction.
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In this group, you will find support and understanding while learning about how sexually compulsive behaviors affect you emotionally, physically and relationally. Expert group facilitation will help you heal and make critical decisions about yourself in a non-judgmental atmosphere. This group is available to residents of Texas and California, is on Weds. at 4:00 pm PST/6:00 pm Central Time. This group is for adult males and is 90 minutes. To find out more about joining, please contact Dr. Dye today.

In this group, you will find support and understanding while learning about how sexually compulsive behaviors affect you emotionally, physically and relationally. Expert group facilitation will help you heal and make critical decisions about yourself in a non-judgmental atmosphere. This group is available to residents of Texas and California, is on Weds. at 4:00 pm PST/6:00 pm Central Time. This group is for adult males and is 90 minutes. To find out more about joining, please contact Dr. Dye today.
This is a support group for women dealing with all types of anxiety stemming from many of life's issues. This includes the following: Narcissistic Abuse Recovery, social anxiety, panic disorder, driving anxiety, agoraphobia, generalized anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, specific phobias and PTSD. Learn how to manage anxiety using integrative and healthy approaches to decrease it, process your struggles and share stories with others who have similar battles with anxiety. This group will meet in person in Vista, CA for 6 consecutive weeks, on Thursdays starting 3/11/21 to 4/29/21. Will be taking a break on 3/18/21.

Hosted by Integrative Mental Health & Wellness
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Group meets in Vista, CA 92081
This is a support group for women dealing with all types of anxiety stemming from many of life's issues. This includes the following: Narcissistic Abuse Recovery, social anxiety, panic disorder, driving anxiety, agoraphobia, generalized anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, specific phobias and PTSD. Learn how to manage anxiety using integrative and healthy approaches to decrease it, process your struggles and share stories with others who have similar battles with anxiety. This group will meet in person in Vista, CA for 6 consecutive weeks, on Thursdays starting 3/11/21 to 4/29/21. Will be taking a break on 3/18/21.
Join this interactive group led by Randi Beckman, LCSW (Empowerment Counselor) to help you transform habitual thought patterns to shift your state of mind and access greater freedom within.

Hosted by Randi Beckman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CcHT
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
Join this interactive group led by Randi Beckman, LCSW (Empowerment Counselor) to help you transform habitual thought patterns to shift your state of mind and access greater freedom within.
Are you a Dad looking to get outdoors, get active, & get healthy? Join other dads in these weekly hiking adventures throughout San Diego. We will be meeting once a week to experience the trails of North County, San Diego. This is an opportunity to meet others like you, to learn new strategies, share your stories, and thrive amongst a community of supportive dad's. On our path together, you will learn to enhance your self-awareness, allowing you to achieve further growth as a dad, a husband, and a friend. JOIN US as we take personal growth to new heights!!

Are you a Dad looking to get outdoors, get active, & get healthy? Join other dads in these weekly hiking adventures throughout San Diego. We will be meeting once a week to experience the trails of North County, San Diego. This is an opportunity to meet others like you, to learn new strategies, share your stories, and thrive amongst a community of supportive dad's. On our path together, you will learn to enhance your self-awareness, allowing you to achieve further growth as a dad, a husband, and a friend. JOIN US as we take personal growth to new heights!!
Are you stuck in distressing relationship patterns? Do you hold on to past hurts and resentments? Are negative thoughts interfering with meeting your ideal partner and building your ideal relationship? This ketamine-assisted group therapy includes 9 sessions of 90-minute, weekly groups. We will explore your values and set treatment goals, learn emotion regulation skills and self-compassion, and release attachment to dysfunctional relationship patterns and a painful past.

Are you stuck in distressing relationship patterns? Do you hold on to past hurts and resentments? Are negative thoughts interfering with meeting your ideal partner and building your ideal relationship? This ketamine-assisted group therapy includes 9 sessions of 90-minute, weekly groups. We will explore your values and set treatment goals, learn emotion regulation skills and self-compassion, and release attachment to dysfunctional relationship patterns and a painful past.
I am currently accepting applications for parents/caregivers who want support as they navigate the world of having a child on the spectrum. Addressing the hardships, loss/grieving, fears, and accepting process of having a child or children on the spectrum. This group is focused on creating support for one another and processing the emotions involved. Please don't walk this journey alone and call to inquire on reserving your spot. Currently taking applications.

I am currently accepting applications for parents/caregivers who want support as they navigate the world of having a child on the spectrum. Addressing the hardships, loss/grieving, fears, and accepting process of having a child or children on the spectrum. This group is focused on creating support for one another and processing the emotions involved. Please don't walk this journey alone and call to inquire on reserving your spot. Currently taking applications.
Joy, excitement, uncertainty and the unknown... Parenting is a multi-faceted experience that can pull us in various directions. With our peer parenting lab (tailored for parents of newborns through age 5), we intend to create a community of parents who support each other in finding clarity and embracing a more preferred way of relating to our children. Each Lab will focus on a particular topic and specific skills. By providing a safe and collaborative space to talk about our challenges as parents, we aim at strengthening the connections with our families, ourselves, and our communities.

Hosted by Lodovica Guidarelli
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Group meets in San Diego, CA 92103
Joy, excitement, uncertainty and the unknown... Parenting is a multi-faceted experience that can pull us in various directions. With our peer parenting lab (tailored for parents of newborns through age 5), we intend to create a community of parents who support each other in finding clarity and embracing a more preferred way of relating to our children. Each Lab will focus on a particular topic and specific skills. By providing a safe and collaborative space to talk about our challenges as parents, we aim at strengthening the connections with our families, ourselves, and our communities.
Our free virtual parent support group is facilitated by a licensed therapist and offers parents of teens a vital lifeline in today's challenging parenting landscape. This weekly online group provides a safe, confidential space where caregivers connect, share experiences, and exchange resources. Participants gain support as they navigate complex issues such as mental health concerns, substance abuse, behavioral problems, academic pressures, and social media challenges. By fostering a supportive community, we empower parents to build resilience, practice their own self-care, and guide their teens through adolescence with confidence and compassion. Register for this community group on our website.

Our free virtual parent support group is facilitated by a licensed therapist and offers parents of teens a vital lifeline in today's challenging parenting landscape. This weekly online group provides a safe, confidential space where caregivers connect, share experiences, and exchange resources. Participants gain support as they navigate complex issues such as mental health concerns, substance abuse, behavioral problems, academic pressures, and social media challenges. By fostering a supportive community, we empower parents to build resilience, practice their own self-care, and guide their teens through adolescence with confidence and compassion. Register for this community group on our website.
Our free virtual parent support group is facilitated by a licensed therapist and offers parents of teens a vital lifeline in today's challenging parenting landscape. This weekly online group provides a safe, confidential space where caregivers connect, share experiences, and exchange resources. Participants gain support as they navigate complex issues such as mental health concerns, substance abuse, behavioral problems, academic pressures, and social media challenges. By fostering a supportive community, we empower parents to build resilience, practice their own self-care, and guide their teens through adolescence with confidence and compassion. Register for this community group on our website.

Hosted by Evolve DBT Residential Treatment Center for Teens
Treatment Center
Group meets in Encinitas, CA 92024
Our free virtual parent support group is facilitated by a licensed therapist and offers parents of teens a vital lifeline in today's challenging parenting landscape. This weekly online group provides a safe, confidential space where caregivers connect, share experiences, and exchange resources. Participants gain support as they navigate complex issues such as mental health concerns, substance abuse, behavioral problems, academic pressures, and social media challenges. By fostering a supportive community, we empower parents to build resilience, practice their own self-care, and guide their teens through adolescence with confidence and compassion. Register for this community group on our website.
Young adults with a diagnosis of ASD frequently possess the academic skills and innate intelligence to succeed in college. Unfortunately, deficits in social skills can make their experience in a new social setting miserable! If someone you know struggles with social skills, forming/maintaining relationships, job-seeking, self-advocacy, finding a comfortable fit in leisure activities and would like to develop independent living skills, this is the right group. Members may express their thoughts, feelings and experiences in a safe,nurturing environment, as well as give and provide constructive feedback from the leader and peers.

Young adults with a diagnosis of ASD frequently possess the academic skills and innate intelligence to succeed in college. Unfortunately, deficits in social skills can make their experience in a new social setting miserable! If someone you know struggles with social skills, forming/maintaining relationships, job-seeking, self-advocacy, finding a comfortable fit in leisure activities and would like to develop independent living skills, this is the right group. Members may express their thoughts, feelings and experiences in a safe,nurturing environment, as well as give and provide constructive feedback from the leader and peers.
Based on Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), SMART Recovery (Self-Management and Recovery Training) offers an evidence-based approach designed to help individuals struggling with addiction and provides practical skills to help teens manage their thoughts, emotions and behaviors. Although SMART Recovery is an abstinence-oriented program, it allows flexible goal setting, whether that means reducing certain behaviors with a harm reduction approach or working towards complete sobriety. Unlike the 12-Step model, SMART Recovery offers a more achievable recovery path, giving teens the tools to make positive and sustainable changes in their lives without the pressure of a lifelong commitment.

Hosted by Evolve Teen Mental Health Outpatient Treatment
Treatment Center
Group meets in Del Mar, CA 92014
Based on Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), SMART Recovery (Self-Management and Recovery Training) offers an evidence-based approach designed to help individuals struggling with addiction and provides practical skills to help teens manage their thoughts, emotions and behaviors. Although SMART Recovery is an abstinence-oriented program, it allows flexible goal setting, whether that means reducing certain behaviors with a harm reduction approach or working towards complete sobriety. Unlike the 12-Step model, SMART Recovery offers a more achievable recovery path, giving teens the tools to make positive and sustainable changes in their lives without the pressure of a lifelong commitment.
Our small groups are designed for men who are looking for a higher standard of support and accountability. This is a space to sharpen your self-awareness, explore the complexities of modern masculinity, embrace vulnerability as a form of courage, and commit to showing up with honesty among a group of peers. Group is semi-closed and limited to 5–8 members to maintain an intimate and focused environment. We meet twice monthly, in-person, and while we ask for an initial six-month commitment, the true goal is to foster the stability and trust necessary for lasting connection.

Our small groups are designed for men who are looking for a higher standard of support and accountability. This is a space to sharpen your self-awareness, explore the complexities of modern masculinity, embrace vulnerability as a form of courage, and commit to showing up with honesty among a group of peers. Group is semi-closed and limited to 5–8 members to maintain an intimate and focused environment. We meet twice monthly, in-person, and while we ask for an initial six-month commitment, the true goal is to foster the stability and trust necessary for lasting connection.
This workshop is for couples who want to feel close again and aren't sure where to start. You and your partner will learn what makes relationships work and what quietly wears them down. You'll do private exercises together, just the two of you, never sharing with the room. We'll build friendship and fondness, warm up romance and intimacy, give you tools for handling conflict and the issues that keep coming back. You'll leave with a shared sense of direction and skills you can use for years. $650 per couple. Starts with a free 30-minute consultation.

Hosted by Couples Therapy: Janine Piernas, MA., LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Group meets in Temecula, CA 92590
This workshop is for couples who want to feel close again and aren't sure where to start. You and your partner will learn what makes relationships work and what quietly wears them down. You'll do private exercises together, just the two of you, never sharing with the room. We'll build friendship and fondness, warm up romance and intimacy, give you tools for handling conflict and the issues that keep coming back. You'll leave with a shared sense of direction and skills you can use for years. $650 per couple. Starts with a free 30-minute consultation.
Join others in person or virtually in a group atmosphere of trust and support to learn how to decrease the anxiety in your life and become a solid support to yourself. Experience more serenity and calm, and create a sturdy base for managing distress, anger, impulsiveness, and addiction cravings. Become more effective in setting healthy boundaries and expectations, and in communicating with family, friends and others.

Hosted by Temecula Valley Counseling and Mindfulness Center
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Group meets in Murrieta, CA 92562
Join others in person or virtually in a group atmosphere of trust and support to learn how to decrease the anxiety in your life and become a solid support to yourself. Experience more serenity and calm, and create a sturdy base for managing distress, anger, impulsiveness, and addiction cravings. Become more effective in setting healthy boundaries and expectations, and in communicating with family, friends and others.
Personal Evolution Psychotherapy (PEP) provides DBT skills training groups that provide skills to adolescents who have anxiety, mood swings or depression, family conflict, difficulty regulating emotions, low impulse control or an eating disorder, &/or a difficult time interacting with others. Call or email PEP today for more information - 619.787.6676 - www.PersonalEvolutionPsychotherapy.com.

Hosted by Personal Evolution Psychotherapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PhD, LMFT
Group meets in Vista, CA 92084
Personal Evolution Psychotherapy (PEP) provides DBT skills training groups that provide skills to adolescents who have anxiety, mood swings or depression, family conflict, difficulty regulating emotions, low impulse control or an eating disorder, &/or a difficult time interacting with others. Call or email PEP today for more information - 619.787.6676 - www.PersonalEvolutionPsychotherapy.com.
Is it the "MENTAL DIVORCE" that seems inescapable? Has your divorce burned a painful imprint in your mind? Fuel has Experts, Female Doctors. Research shows, that women who successfully cope with divorce are those who transform the experience and grow beyond it. There are others just like you. Gain strength, understanding, and confidence through your bond with other women, support and grow together.
*Fuel Center Divorce Groups for Women by Women, are facilitated by licensed clinical psychologists who are experts in relationship issues*

Is it the "MENTAL DIVORCE" that seems inescapable? Has your divorce burned a painful imprint in your mind? Fuel has Experts, Female Doctors. Research shows, that women who successfully cope with divorce are those who transform the experience and grow beyond it. There are others just like you. Gain strength, understanding, and confidence through your bond with other women, support and grow together.
*Fuel Center Divorce Groups for Women by Women, are facilitated by licensed clinical psychologists who are experts in relationship issues*
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See More Support Groups FAQs - About Group Therapy and Support Groups
How can I find a support group in Escondido?
To find a support group in your area, start by entering your city, zip code, or the name of the group into the search bar at the top of the page. When searching, consider whether you prefer an in-person or virtual group. This can help you decide how broad your geographic search should be. If you are open to virtual groups, you might want to search by state instead of just your city, especially if there are limited options nearby.
Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.
Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.
How does group therapy work?
Group therapy is led by one or more trained therapists and provides a space where participants can process their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges. Groups may focus on a specific issue—such as addiction, grief, physical illnesses, parenting, or caregiving—or they may center around a particular therapeutic approach, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), social skill development, or Exposure Therapy. Some groups are also designed for specific populations, such as teens, veterans, or LGBTQ+ individuals.
It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.
It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.
What are the benefits of group therapy?
Group therapy offers several important benefits. It brings together people facing similar challenges—whether related to mental health, physical health, or life transitions—and creates a supportive environment where participants can exchange feedback, share experiences, and learn from one another. Hearing different perspectives can help individuals discover new coping strategies and practical tools they may not have encountered on their own. Sharing personal experiences, such as coping with a serious illness or navigating family struggles, can also reduce feelings of isolation and foster a sense of connection and understanding. In addition to emotional support, group members often gain useful, real-world advice from peers who have faced similar situations.
Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.
Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.
Is group therapy as effective as individual therapy?
It is difficult to make a blanket statement about the effectiveness of support groups, as they vary widely in focus and the conditions they address. However, support groups can be highly valuable in helping individuals gain emotional support and achieve meaningful treatment outcomes. For certain conditions, such as substance use, research has shown that group therapy can be particularly effective—sometimes just as effective as individual therapy—in supporting long-term recovery.
Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.
Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.
How much does group therapy cost?
Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy, with sessions typically costing between $50 and $75 each. In comparison, individual therapy can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 or more per session, even with insurance. Some therapists or organizations offer low-cost or free group therapy options, particularly through community centers or nonprofit organizations. In some cases, groups may require payment upfront for a set number of sessions, such as paying for six weekly sessions at the first meeting. However, many providers offer payment plans to help make participation more accessible if this upfront payment is required.
Does insurance cover group therapy?
As with individual therapy, insurance coverage for group therapy varies based on factors such as your specific insurance plan, the purpose of the group, your diagnosis, and whether the group provider is in-network. Many insurance plans cover group therapy sessions that address diagnosable mental health conditions, such as substance use disorders, anxiety, or depression.
However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.
However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.
How long does group therapy last?
The length of each group therapy session typically ranges from 45 minutes to two hours, depending on the therapy approach, the group’s goals, and how often the group meets. In some cases, group therapy is part of a larger treatment program, such as an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP), where group sessions complement individual therapy and are scheduled as part of the program’s overall structure.
The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.
The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.
What are the limitations of support groups?
Support groups offer many benefits, but they also have certain limitations. Unlike therapy groups, many support groups do not provide formal therapeutic treatment and are not led by licensed mental health professionals. For individuals seeking clinical treatment for specific mental health diagnoses—such as depression, eating disorders, or substance use—individual therapy or group therapy led by a licensed professional may offer more personalized and specialized care.
The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.
The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.


