Support Groups in El Cerrito, CA
As women we often experience additional layers of suffering when we have problems with low mood, anxiety, a history of trauma or difficulty coping with life. Because women often take in cultural messages about our self-worth we may also blame ourselves for feeling bad, or mask our pain and feel isolated and alone. This group will include simple practices to feel more at ease in ourselves and the world, including mindfulness, self-compassion and writing exercises; and somatic tools using the body and breath. We will move toward healthier ways of thinking, expressing ourselves and making choices in alignment with values and priorities.

As women we often experience additional layers of suffering when we have problems with low mood, anxiety, a history of trauma or difficulty coping with life. Because women often take in cultural messages about our self-worth we may also blame ourselves for feeling bad, or mask our pain and feel isolated and alone. This group will include simple practices to feel more at ease in ourselves and the world, including mindfulness, self-compassion and writing exercises; and somatic tools using the body and breath. We will move toward healthier ways of thinking, expressing ourselves and making choices in alignment with values and priorities.
This group provides a supportive space for graduate students in mental health programs to process the stressors (within their programs and beyond) associated with training to become mental health clinicians. Through this group, you will find social support among other students, "commonize" the challenges associated with this period of your life, and develop coping skills for your present and future as mental health clinicians. If you are interested in learning if this could be a good fit for you, please reach out for more information.

This group provides a supportive space for graduate students in mental health programs to process the stressors (within their programs and beyond) associated with training to become mental health clinicians. Through this group, you will find social support among other students, "commonize" the challenges associated with this period of your life, and develop coping skills for your present and future as mental health clinicians. If you are interested in learning if this could be a good fit for you, please reach out for more information.
Every Saturday morning, there's a free space to put everything down for a little while. This is a grounded, somatic meditation group — a place to slow down, breathe, and come back to yourself before the week begins again. No experience needed. No agenda. Just a space to be. Open to all. Sign up for my newsletter to receive the weekly invite and join us: ruchikamehta.com/sign-up

Every Saturday morning, there's a free space to put everything down for a little while. This is a grounded, somatic meditation group — a place to slow down, breathe, and come back to yourself before the week begins again. No experience needed. No agenda. Just a space to be. Open to all. Sign up for my newsletter to receive the weekly invite and join us: ruchikamehta.com/sign-up
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Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based approach designed to reduce emotion dysregulation, impulsive behavior, self-harm and suicidal ideation, and treat other mental health or behavioral issues. The goal of DBT is to help teens change ineffective behavior patterns by learning skills that will help them reach their goals. Our programs include four DBT skills groups a week that cover core mindfulness, interpersonal effectiveness, emotion regulation, and distress tolerance. Teens learn a new DBT skill in each group. Our staff help teens practice these skills so that they know how to use them in their daily lives.

Hosted by Evolve DBT Residential Treatment Center for Teens
Treatment Center
Group meets in Danville, CA 94526
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based approach designed to reduce emotion dysregulation, impulsive behavior, self-harm and suicidal ideation, and treat other mental health or behavioral issues. The goal of DBT is to help teens change ineffective behavior patterns by learning skills that will help them reach their goals. Our programs include four DBT skills groups a week that cover core mindfulness, interpersonal effectiveness, emotion regulation, and distress tolerance. Teens learn a new DBT skill in each group. Our staff help teens practice these skills so that they know how to use them in their daily lives.
Sponsored by UCSF Cancer Resource Center and open to all patients regardless of where they are treated. Provides support, information, and resources to members. Open to partners attending. Registration required by emailing cancersupportcenter@ucsf.edu or by calling 415-885-3693. Every 1st and 3rd Mondays of the month from 5PM to 6:30PM via Zoom

Hosted by Vittorio Comelli
Psychologist, Vittorio Comelli, PsyD
Group meets in San Francisco, CA 94158
Sponsored by UCSF Cancer Resource Center and open to all patients regardless of where they are treated. Provides support, information, and resources to members. Open to partners attending. Registration required by emailing cancersupportcenter@ucsf.edu or by calling 415-885-3693. Every 1st and 3rd Mondays of the month from 5PM to 6:30PM via Zoom
Healthy Hearts Women's Therapy Group - Love and Relationship Addiction, Process and Psychoeducation Group - Addicted to love? Stuck in negative or abusive relationships? Have a hard time being alone? Constantly seeking that elusive "perfect" relationship? Groups are on-going. $90 per weekly 90 minute group session. Limited availability. Small group size. Confidential and a safe place to grow and explore. Call Patty Shirley today, to set up an interview appointment and to get more information, at 925-212-1018.

Hosted by Patty Shirley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, LPCC, CATC, CCTP, BCN
Group meets in Walnut Creek, CA 94598
Healthy Hearts Women's Therapy Group - Love and Relationship Addiction, Process and Psychoeducation Group - Addicted to love? Stuck in negative or abusive relationships? Have a hard time being alone? Constantly seeking that elusive "perfect" relationship? Groups are on-going. $90 per weekly 90 minute group session. Limited availability. Small group size. Confidential and a safe place to grow and explore. Call Patty Shirley today, to set up an interview appointment and to get more information, at 925-212-1018.
CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW MEMBERS! Becoming a new parent is a joy beyond words. It is also challenging in ways most of us can’t anticipate until we’re in it. This group is here to support new dads as they navigate the amazing and overwhelming experience of becoming a father. Topics include processing this big life adjustment, maintaining a healthy partnership, self-care, understanding how our past shows up in our parenting, and celebrating the joys of being a dad with other dads.

CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW MEMBERS! Becoming a new parent is a joy beyond words. It is also challenging in ways most of us can’t anticipate until we’re in it. This group is here to support new dads as they navigate the amazing and overwhelming experience of becoming a father. Topics include processing this big life adjustment, maintaining a healthy partnership, self-care, understanding how our past shows up in our parenting, and celebrating the joys of being a dad with other dads.
Parenting has the potential to be a profound spiritual journey. By exploring the Buddhist teachings and different mindfulness practices, we'll cultivate the awareness to offer our children and ourselves the "appropriate response"-- a response rooted in compassion and understanding. Pre-crawling babies are welcome. The class offers time for short silent meditations and discussion, and has an emphasis on community building. It is offered three times a year, please check the Spirit Rock website for details.

Parenting has the potential to be a profound spiritual journey. By exploring the Buddhist teachings and different mindfulness practices, we'll cultivate the awareness to offer our children and ourselves the "appropriate response"-- a response rooted in compassion and understanding. Pre-crawling babies are welcome. The class offers time for short silent meditations and discussion, and has an emphasis on community building. It is offered three times a year, please check the Spirit Rock website for details.
A Men's Circle is not about becoming something new, but about remembering who you already are beneath the noise of daily life. We are co-creating a relaxed space to come as you are- talk, listen, and just be. The goal is creating a space conducive to being real with oneself and others, no more no less. We come together in a structured intentional gathering to share experiences, emotions, and shed light on our inner-world. Together we create the safe, confidential, and supportive environment, where we can be our honest true-self, absent self-judgement or otherwise.

Hosted by Langer Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Group meets in Mill Valley, CA 94941
A Men's Circle is not about becoming something new, but about remembering who you already are beneath the noise of daily life. We are co-creating a relaxed space to come as you are- talk, listen, and just be. The goal is creating a space conducive to being real with oneself and others, no more no less. We come together in a structured intentional gathering to share experiences, emotions, and shed light on our inner-world. Together we create the safe, confidential, and supportive environment, where we can be our honest true-self, absent self-judgement or otherwise.
I run a Teen DBT Group on Sundays 4:00-5:30 pm, where we address issues facing high school youth today. Social media, anxiety, depression, peer and family relationship issues, and identity concerns are discussed and explored in a supportive setting. Teens will have a chance to share and process their concerns, as well as learn and practice cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) techniques. The group follows Marsha Linehan's Dialectical Behavior Treatment (DBT) curriculum, which includes mindfulness, emotion regulation, interpersonal effectiveness, and distress tolerance skills.

I run a Teen DBT Group on Sundays 4:00-5:30 pm, where we address issues facing high school youth today. Social media, anxiety, depression, peer and family relationship issues, and identity concerns are discussed and explored in a supportive setting. Teens will have a chance to share and process their concerns, as well as learn and practice cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) techniques. The group follows Marsha Linehan's Dialectical Behavior Treatment (DBT) curriculum, which includes mindfulness, emotion regulation, interpersonal effectiveness, and distress tolerance skills.
This is a seven-week program that is designed to offer support to high school junior and senior girls. Weekly topics include: facing our fears about the future; developing tools for coping with stress and anxiety; and making time for self-care.

Hosted by Kristina K Phillips
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Group meets in San Carlos, CA 94070
This is a seven-week program that is designed to offer support to high school junior and senior girls. Weekly topics include: facing our fears about the future; developing tools for coping with stress and anxiety; and making time for self-care.
Get support, make new friends, and build community by joining a parent group. Share and discuss the unique challenges faced by parents of gifted, highly sensitive, and exceptional children. Parent groups are based on the SENG model, which is the most widely used system for parenting gifted children. I offer small groups that are both informational and practical, where you will learn specific skills and strategies designed to help with the needs of intense, gifted children. For details, see the Parent Groups page at: www.therathrive.com

Hosted by TheraThrive Counseling & Assessment
Counselor, PhD, LPCC, BC-TMH
Group meets in Lafayette, CA 94549
Get support, make new friends, and build community by joining a parent group. Share and discuss the unique challenges faced by parents of gifted, highly sensitive, and exceptional children. Parent groups are based on the SENG model, which is the most widely used system for parenting gifted children. I offer small groups that are both informational and practical, where you will learn specific skills and strategies designed to help with the needs of intense, gifted children. For details, see the Parent Groups page at: www.therathrive.com
This year long circle and training offers a balance of self-growth and deepening earth practices, practical ecotherapy tools and discerning and refining one’s unique gifts for Earth supportive work. You will gain: Earth-based practices and inspiration for deepening your daily relationship with the natural world Rejuvenation and community support for personal and career development Practical ecotherapy interventions for indoor and outdoor work with individuals and groups including: Ecosomatics, Expressive Arts, Authentic Movement, Mirroring from the 4 Shields, Council skills, and Medicine Walks. Opportunities to try out your own offerings with dynamic and supportive feedback Consultation & Networking opportunities.

Hosted by Ariana Candell
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, Somatic
Group meets in Oakland, CA 94602
This year long circle and training offers a balance of self-growth and deepening earth practices, practical ecotherapy tools and discerning and refining one’s unique gifts for Earth supportive work. You will gain: Earth-based practices and inspiration for deepening your daily relationship with the natural world Rejuvenation and community support for personal and career development Practical ecotherapy interventions for indoor and outdoor work with individuals and groups including: Ecosomatics, Expressive Arts, Authentic Movement, Mirroring from the 4 Shields, Council skills, and Medicine Walks. Opportunities to try out your own offerings with dynamic and supportive feedback Consultation & Networking opportunities.
"A place for spirits to soar", Quest provides an intensive five-day-week summer and once a week, 2-hour Afterschool program. The evidence-based summer program has been found to have "a strong treatment effect at reducing global impairment". Quest provides a therapeutic milieu so every hour supports change where kids don't know they are changing because they are having so much fun! Daily group therapy, using Quest therapeutic strategies, integrates an individualized behavioral plan within the natural play setting, teaching emotional and social intelligence. Quest campers have mild to moderate emotional and social problems. www.questcamps.com

"A place for spirits to soar", Quest provides an intensive five-day-week summer and once a week, 2-hour Afterschool program. The evidence-based summer program has been found to have "a strong treatment effect at reducing global impairment". Quest provides a therapeutic milieu so every hour supports change where kids don't know they are changing because they are having so much fun! Daily group therapy, using Quest therapeutic strategies, integrates an individualized behavioral plan within the natural play setting, teaching emotional and social intelligence. Quest campers have mild to moderate emotional and social problems. www.questcamps.com
PAWC's provider group is among the largest in CA and includes only Board Certified or Licensed Practitioners. Our doctors focus on your needs and feelings, while PAWC administrative staff collaborates with you, your doctor and insurers to keep administration smooth and easy. During your treatment, practitioners and staff work together well to create a seamless care experience, including support for scheduling, billing and managing prescriptions. Our doctors collaborate with each other and listen to patient needs and interests.

PAWC's provider group is among the largest in CA and includes only Board Certified or Licensed Practitioners. Our doctors focus on your needs and feelings, while PAWC administrative staff collaborates with you, your doctor and insurers to keep administration smooth and easy. During your treatment, practitioners and staff work together well to create a seamless care experience, including support for scheduling, billing and managing prescriptions. Our doctors collaborate with each other and listen to patient needs and interests.
Many people who grew up in dysfunctional or emotionally neglectful environments don’t realize how much those experiences continue to shape how they feel about themselves. You may find yourself struggling to trust yourself, shutting down emotionally, or feeling like a burden in relationships. This is a small, therapist-led group for people who want to better understand these patterns. The group integrates a trauma-informed approach, including Internal Family Systems (IFS), DBT, and self-compassion. The focus is on understanding where these patterns come from and developing a more grounded and compassionate relationship with yourself.

Many people who grew up in dysfunctional or emotionally neglectful environments don’t realize how much those experiences continue to shape how they feel about themselves. You may find yourself struggling to trust yourself, shutting down emotionally, or feeling like a burden in relationships. This is a small, therapist-led group for people who want to better understand these patterns. The group integrates a trauma-informed approach, including Internal Family Systems (IFS), DBT, and self-compassion. The focus is on understanding where these patterns come from and developing a more grounded and compassionate relationship with yourself.
Join A Group to Keep Your Energy Moving During Covid! An online group is forming for all genders and sexual orientations We are encountering rapid and unpredictable change. Our bodies, psyches, relationships, work and social systems are in a radical shift, requiring new norms, behaviors and ways of thinking. These changes activate our survival self and surface as anxiety, loss of energy, loss of focus, frustration and stress on relationships. We will focus on undoing our survival responses and roles so that we can keep moving toward our deepest existential goals.

Join A Group to Keep Your Energy Moving During Covid! An online group is forming for all genders and sexual orientations We are encountering rapid and unpredictable change. Our bodies, psyches, relationships, work and social systems are in a radical shift, requiring new norms, behaviors and ways of thinking. These changes activate our survival self and surface as anxiety, loss of energy, loss of focus, frustration and stress on relationships. We will focus on undoing our survival responses and roles so that we can keep moving toward our deepest existential goals.
Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) offers structured support for emotional regulation, stress coping, and improved relationships in individuals struggling with various issues, including depression, anxiety, trauma, OCD, and personality disorders. This group can assist you in learning effective mindfulness practices, distress tolerance, and communication skills. Group sessions focus on sharing experiences, validating each other, and learning DBT techniques. The group setting encourages connection, empowerment, and consistent practice of therapeutic tools. The eight-session program covers various DBT skills, ultimately aiming to promote healing and reclaiming a sense of self-control.

Hosted by Alexa Enyart
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, EMDR
Group meets in San Francisco, CA 94114
Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) offers structured support for emotional regulation, stress coping, and improved relationships in individuals struggling with various issues, including depression, anxiety, trauma, OCD, and personality disorders. This group can assist you in learning effective mindfulness practices, distress tolerance, and communication skills. Group sessions focus on sharing experiences, validating each other, and learning DBT techniques. The group setting encourages connection, empowerment, and consistent practice of therapeutic tools. The eight-session program covers various DBT skills, ultimately aiming to promote healing and reclaiming a sense of self-control.
"There is no house like the house of belonging." David Whyte This group offers women a place to come together in community, and strengthen our sense of belonging in the world. The group includes time for silent meditation, a short teaching which includes stories and poems, and time for group discussion. This is a drop-in class. More information is available on the Spirit Rock website.

"There is no house like the house of belonging." David Whyte This group offers women a place to come together in community, and strengthen our sense of belonging in the world. The group includes time for silent meditation, a short teaching which includes stories and poems, and time for group discussion. This is a drop-in class. More information is available on the Spirit Rock website.
An 8-week holistic therapy group drawing from yoga philosophy, mindfulness meditation, EMDR and Dr. Peter Levine’s Somatic Experiencing®. Learn skills to trust and utilize your body as your guide in working toward greater awareness, authenticity and presence. In this group you will learn to: Discover your unique inner resources; Identify triggers and promote healthy nervous system response; Respond rather than react; Feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. ***Group now being offered as a work-at-your-own-pace course! Find out more here: www.shaunaberghtherapy.com

Hosted by Shauna Bergh--Somatic Therapy & EMDR
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RYT-500, SEP
Group meets in Oakland, CA 94611
An 8-week holistic therapy group drawing from yoga philosophy, mindfulness meditation, EMDR and Dr. Peter Levine’s Somatic Experiencing®. Learn skills to trust and utilize your body as your guide in working toward greater awareness, authenticity and presence. In this group you will learn to: Discover your unique inner resources; Identify triggers and promote healthy nervous system response; Respond rather than react; Feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. ***Group now being offered as a work-at-your-own-pace course! Find out more here: www.shaunaberghtherapy.com
See more therapy options for El Cerrito
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See More Support Groups FAQs - About Group Therapy and Support Groups
How can I find a support group in El Cerrito?
To find a support group in your area, start by entering your city, zip code, or the name of the group into the search bar at the top of the page. When searching, consider whether you prefer an in-person or virtual group. This can help you decide how broad your geographic search should be. If you are open to virtual groups, you might want to search by state instead of just your city, especially if there are limited options nearby.
Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.
Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.
How does group therapy work?
Group therapy is led by one or more trained therapists and provides a space where participants can process their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges. Groups may focus on a specific issue—such as addiction, grief, physical illnesses, parenting, or caregiving—or they may center around a particular therapeutic approach, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), social skill development, or Exposure Therapy. Some groups are also designed for specific populations, such as teens, veterans, or LGBTQ+ individuals.
It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.
It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.
What are the benefits of group therapy?
Group therapy offers several important benefits. It brings together people facing similar challenges—whether related to mental health, physical health, or life transitions—and creates a supportive environment where participants can exchange feedback, share experiences, and learn from one another. Hearing different perspectives can help individuals discover new coping strategies and practical tools they may not have encountered on their own. Sharing personal experiences, such as coping with a serious illness or navigating family struggles, can also reduce feelings of isolation and foster a sense of connection and understanding. In addition to emotional support, group members often gain useful, real-world advice from peers who have faced similar situations.
Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.
Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.
Is group therapy as effective as individual therapy?
It is difficult to make a blanket statement about the effectiveness of support groups, as they vary widely in focus and the conditions they address. However, support groups can be highly valuable in helping individuals gain emotional support and achieve meaningful treatment outcomes. For certain conditions, such as substance use, research has shown that group therapy can be particularly effective—sometimes just as effective as individual therapy—in supporting long-term recovery.
Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.
Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.
How much does group therapy cost?
Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy, with sessions typically costing between $50 and $75 each. In comparison, individual therapy can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 or more per session, even with insurance. Some therapists or organizations offer low-cost or free group therapy options, particularly through community centers or nonprofit organizations. In some cases, groups may require payment upfront for a set number of sessions, such as paying for six weekly sessions at the first meeting. However, many providers offer payment plans to help make participation more accessible if this upfront payment is required.
Does insurance cover group therapy?
As with individual therapy, insurance coverage for group therapy varies based on factors such as your specific insurance plan, the purpose of the group, your diagnosis, and whether the group provider is in-network. Many insurance plans cover group therapy sessions that address diagnosable mental health conditions, such as substance use disorders, anxiety, or depression.
However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.
However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.
How long does group therapy last?
The length of each group therapy session typically ranges from 45 minutes to two hours, depending on the therapy approach, the group’s goals, and how often the group meets. In some cases, group therapy is part of a larger treatment program, such as an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP), where group sessions complement individual therapy and are scheduled as part of the program’s overall structure.
The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.
The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.
What are the limitations of support groups?
Support groups offer many benefits, but they also have certain limitations. Unlike therapy groups, many support groups do not provide formal therapeutic treatment and are not led by licensed mental health professionals. For individuals seeking clinical treatment for specific mental health diagnoses—such as depression, eating disorders, or substance use—individual therapy or group therapy led by a licensed professional may offer more personalized and specialized care.
The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.
The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.

