Support Groups in Citrus Heights, CA

The group welcomes anyone who is in any stage of the divorce process (from about to separate to divorced). The group is supportive and includes discussions in each session about a wide range of topics to accelerate recovery from divorce and help the children adjust. We also include discussions about improving and possible reunification of the marital/family relationships. The group size is kept small to allow more personal discussions. Please call or email for more information.
Photo of Ralph E Rast, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CHT
Hosted by Ralph E Rast
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CHT
Group meets in Citrus Heights, CA 95610
The group welcomes anyone who is in any stage of the divorce process (from about to separate to divorced). The group is supportive and includes discussions in each session about a wide range of topics to accelerate recovery from divorce and help the children adjust. We also include discussions about improving and possible reunification of the marital/family relationships. The group size is kept small to allow more personal discussions. Please call or email for more information.
(916) 544-3061 View (916) 544-3061
Call or email for more information about the FOUR levels of training: (1) Self Hypnosis (open to public), (2)Beginning Clinical Hypnotherapy, (3)Advanced Clinical Hypnotherapy, and (4)Strategies for Special Issues. (The last three are for therapists and interns).
Photo of Ralph E Rast, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CHT
Hosted by Ralph E Rast
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CHT
Group meets in Citrus Heights, CA 95610
Call or email for more information about the FOUR levels of training: (1) Self Hypnosis (open to public), (2)Beginning Clinical Hypnotherapy, (3)Advanced Clinical Hypnotherapy, and (4)Strategies for Special Issues. (The last three are for therapists and interns).
(916) 544-3061 View (916) 544-3061
This group is open to couples and individuals who suffer from a sexual complusion/addiction and for the spouse of the addict. The group includes much information about how to recover from a sexual addiction/compulsion and help for the spouse. Please call or email for more information.
Photo of Ralph E Rast, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CHT
Hosted by Ralph E Rast
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CHT
Group meets in Citrus Heights, CA 95610
This group is open to couples and individuals who suffer from a sexual complusion/addiction and for the spouse of the addict. The group includes much information about how to recover from a sexual addiction/compulsion and help for the spouse. Please call or email for more information.
(916) 544-3061 View (916) 544-3061

More Groups Nearby

Bringing Baby Home is a workshop to prepare parents for life with baby, while strengthening the couple's relationship. At this time, I am providing this unique and beneficial program with individual couples. Please call to inquire.
Photo of Lisa Androvich, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, RPT
Hosted by Lisa Androvich
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, RPT
Group meets in El Dorado Hills, CA 95762
Bringing Baby Home is a workshop to prepare parents for life with baby, while strengthening the couple's relationship. At this time, I am providing this unique and beneficial program with individual couples. Please call to inquire.
(916) 341-9230 View (916) 341-9230
We invite you to join our monthly women’s group, held on the last Monday of each month at 6 PM. Facilitated by a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, this group provides a supportive space for women to connect, reflect, and grow together. Each session includes psychoeducation and practical resources focused on mental health and emotional well-being. Topics include stress management, self-care, coping with trauma, anxiety, and depression, and building healthy relationships. Sessions are interactive and discussion-based, encouraging meaningful engagement, shared insight, and a strong sense of community and mutual support.
Photo of Sharon Katherine Cova Zamora - Brain Therapy, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Hosted by Brain Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Group meets in Placerville, CA 95667
We invite you to join our monthly women’s group, held on the last Monday of each month at 6 PM. Facilitated by a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, this group provides a supportive space for women to connect, reflect, and grow together. Each session includes psychoeducation and practical resources focused on mental health and emotional well-being. Topics include stress management, self-care, coping with trauma, anxiety, and depression, and building healthy relationships. Sessions are interactive and discussion-based, encouraging meaningful engagement, shared insight, and a strong sense of community and mutual support.
(530) 869-6122 View (530) 869-6122
Feeling confused, frustrated, discouraged, anxious, hurt, or just stuck? Are you wondering how to navigate difficult seasons of your life? Community Counseling Associates offers affordable, accessible, distinctively Christian counseling to help you work through these seasons and to find purpose and hope. We’d like to help you get back on the path to experiencing these good things and feeling purpose and meaning in your life. Whether you need counseling as an individual, couple, family, or for children we are standing by to help. http://communitycounselingassociates.org
Photo of Linda Carlos, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Hosted by Linda Carlos
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Group meets in Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Feeling confused, frustrated, discouraged, anxious, hurt, or just stuck? Are you wondering how to navigate difficult seasons of your life? Community Counseling Associates offers affordable, accessible, distinctively Christian counseling to help you work through these seasons and to find purpose and hope. We’d like to help you get back on the path to experiencing these good things and feeling purpose and meaning in your life. Whether you need counseling as an individual, couple, family, or for children we are standing by to help. http://communitycounselingassociates.org
(916) 251-9904 View (916) 251-9904
Cultivating a Better Me Psychotherapy proudly presents a transformative six-session workshop specifically designed for girls aged 8-10 and 11-13, focused on empowering emotional awareness. This program equips participants with proven techniques for effectively managing anxiety, while also providing vital insights into the nature of anxiety itself. Moreover, the workshop fosters social connections and peer support through engaging, age-appropriate activities that enhance coping skills and resilience in navigating anxiety. Join us in this opportunity to build a stronger, more confident self!
Photo of Rhonda Calvin, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Hosted by Rhonda Calvin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Group meets in Sacramento, CA 95825
Cultivating a Better Me Psychotherapy proudly presents a transformative six-session workshop specifically designed for girls aged 8-10 and 11-13, focused on empowering emotional awareness. This program equips participants with proven techniques for effectively managing anxiety, while also providing vital insights into the nature of anxiety itself. Moreover, the workshop fosters social connections and peer support through engaging, age-appropriate activities that enhance coping skills and resilience in navigating anxiety. Join us in this opportunity to build a stronger, more confident self!
(916) 283-3685 View (916) 283-3685
This group is a psychoeducation group that will offer information on what trauma is, how trauma affects your life and how you can recover. This group is 8-10 weeks, weekly for 60-90 minutes. This group is free.
Photo of Rabiia Ali, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Hosted by Rabiia Ali
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Group meets in Sacramento, CA 95817
This group is a psychoeducation group that will offer information on what trauma is, how trauma affects your life and how you can recover. This group is 8-10 weeks, weekly for 60-90 minutes. This group is free.
(916) 260-0709 View (916) 260-0709
GROUP KAP OFFERS TWO AMPLIFIERS FOR CHANGE: THE GROUP AND KETAMINE. GROUPS ARE POTENT FOR CONNECTION AND HEALING IN A COMMUNITY. Group therapy is a powerful modality, more so with ketamine, builds on wisdom traditions, de-medicalizes KAP, works with two healing amplifiers (group processes and ketamine), and fosters a sense of belonging. The 2-Month Group KAP includes an Individual intake session, two 90-minute group prep sessions, three 3-hour in-person ketamine sessions, Three 90-minute group integration sessions, a one-month follow-up to further solidify and integrate the experience
Photo of Dr. Nicolette Bautista - Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy, KAP Wellness, Psychologist, PsyD, MBA
Hosted by Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy, KAP Wellness
Psychologist, PsyD, MBA
Group meets in Folsom, CA 95630
GROUP KAP OFFERS TWO AMPLIFIERS FOR CHANGE: THE GROUP AND KETAMINE. GROUPS ARE POTENT FOR CONNECTION AND HEALING IN A COMMUNITY. Group therapy is a powerful modality, more so with ketamine, builds on wisdom traditions, de-medicalizes KAP, works with two healing amplifiers (group processes and ketamine), and fosters a sense of belonging. The 2-Month Group KAP includes an Individual intake session, two 90-minute group prep sessions, three 3-hour in-person ketamine sessions, Three 90-minute group integration sessions, a one-month follow-up to further solidify and integrate the experience
(916) 603-2247 View (916) 603-2247
This group is part of a comprehensive monitoring and support program for physicians and other health care professionals. Please call for information about this confidential program.
Photo of Francine Farrell, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CADC-II, ICADC
Hosted by Francine Farrell
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CADC-II, ICADC
Group meets in Sacramento, CA 95821
This group is part of a comprehensive monitoring and support program for physicians and other health care professionals. Please call for information about this confidential program.
(916) 520-6224 View (916) 520-6224
The DBT Process Group takes the place of individual therapy. Most people participate in this group until a slot opens up for them for individual therapy (about a year wait). All the interventions that would be done during an individual session are done during this group. This may be a Behavior Chain Analysis. Other interventions during this group may include work on a Daily Mood Log and incorporating the "50 Ways to Untwist Your Thinking" to target self-defeating beliefs and negative thinking. There are 2 groups to choose: Fri 6:30-8:00 or Sat 4:30=6:00
Photo of Kim Sullivan - Accessible DBT, Inc, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Hosted by Accessible DBT, Inc
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Group meets in Elk Grove, CA 95624
The DBT Process Group takes the place of individual therapy. Most people participate in this group until a slot opens up for them for individual therapy (about a year wait). All the interventions that would be done during an individual session are done during this group. This may be a Behavior Chain Analysis. Other interventions during this group may include work on a Daily Mood Log and incorporating the "50 Ways to Untwist Your Thinking" to target self-defeating beliefs and negative thinking. There are 2 groups to choose: Fri 6:30-8:00 or Sat 4:30=6:00
(916) 661-4732 View (916) 661-4732
Mental health needs are on the rise, and mental health therapists need each other’s support more than ever. This group was formed in 2021 for therapists in private practice to support one another as they navigate pandemic stress, burnout, and isolation. It’s intended to provide support, facilitate networking, and develop connections
Photo of Sara Garrow Ruebelt - Sara Ruebelt, Ph.D, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, LPC
Hosted by Sara Ruebelt, Ph.D, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, LPC
Group meets in Davis, CA 95616
Mental health needs are on the rise, and mental health therapists need each other’s support more than ever. This group was formed in 2021 for therapists in private practice to support one another as they navigate pandemic stress, burnout, and isolation. It’s intended to provide support, facilitate networking, and develop connections
(530) 554-1442 View (530) 554-1442
Join our free online support group for parents looking to make parenthood more enjoyable. Both moms and dads are welcome. The group provides a fun, encouraging, and non-judgmental environment where we can support each other, share ideas, and bring out our best as partners and parents. Each session will start with a discussion topic, but then open up for casual conversation to get to know each other. Contact admin@happywithbaby for group meeting link.
Photo of Catherine O'Brien, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PPS
Hosted by Catherine O'Brien
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, PPS
Group meets in Sacramento, CA 95816
Join our free online support group for parents looking to make parenthood more enjoyable. Both moms and dads are welcome. The group provides a fun, encouraging, and non-judgmental environment where we can support each other, share ideas, and bring out our best as partners and parents. Each session will start with a discussion topic, but then open up for casual conversation to get to know each other. Contact admin@happywithbaby for group meeting link.
(916) 668-6408 View (916) 668-6408
This group is a safe and support environment where adults learn more about themselves, their emotions, their behaviors, and how to become more skillful in response to the challenges they are facing. Skills are taught and practiced in four different modules including Mindfulness, Distress Tolerance, Emotion Regulation, and Interpersonal Effectiveness. The entire series is 28 weeks in length.
Photo of Davene Fecteau, Counselor, MS, LPCC
Hosted by Davene Fecteau
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Group meets in El Dorado Hills, CA 95762
This group is a safe and support environment where adults learn more about themselves, their emotions, their behaviors, and how to become more skillful in response to the challenges they are facing. Skills are taught and practiced in four different modules including Mindfulness, Distress Tolerance, Emotion Regulation, and Interpersonal Effectiveness. The entire series is 28 weeks in length.
(916) 252-3103 View (916) 252-3103
Join our 8-week Brainspotting Group to heal from trauma and reduce symptoms like anxiety, depression, relationship issues, avoidance, nightmares, and flashbacks. Using Brainspotting, a somatic therapy that targets where trauma is stored in the brain, you’ll process deep emotional pain that talk therapy often can’t reach. Each session blends psychoeducation, group discussions, and Brainspotting exercises to help alleviate trauma symptoms and activate the brain’s natural healing abilities. Connect with others on a similar journey, share experiences, and work through challenges in a safe, supportive environment. Experience the transformative power of trauma healing and recovery.
Photo of Lucille Tran, Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC
Hosted by Lucille Tran
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC
Group meets in Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Join our 8-week Brainspotting Group to heal from trauma and reduce symptoms like anxiety, depression, relationship issues, avoidance, nightmares, and flashbacks. Using Brainspotting, a somatic therapy that targets where trauma is stored in the brain, you’ll process deep emotional pain that talk therapy often can’t reach. Each session blends psychoeducation, group discussions, and Brainspotting exercises to help alleviate trauma symptoms and activate the brain’s natural healing abilities. Connect with others on a similar journey, share experiences, and work through challenges in a safe, supportive environment. Experience the transformative power of trauma healing and recovery.
(916) 545-1026 View (916) 545-1026
The Overgivers Club is support group for women who are: Overgivers, people-pleasers, eldest daughters, parentified daughters, caretakers, and overfunctioners. This 8-week workshop will be facilitated by Beatriz Azevedo-Reis and Natanya Ackerly, who are MFT Trainees under the supervision of William Schult, LMFT#111556. This group is not a crisis service or a replacement for individual therapy. If you are in immediate danger or experiencing a mental health emergency, please call 988 or go to the nearest emergency room.
Photo of Beatriz Azevedo-Reis, Pre-Licensed Professional
Hosted by Beatriz Azevedo-Reis
Pre-Licensed Professional
Group meets in Sacramento, CA 95825
The Overgivers Club is support group for women who are: Overgivers, people-pleasers, eldest daughters, parentified daughters, caretakers, and overfunctioners. This 8-week workshop will be facilitated by Beatriz Azevedo-Reis and Natanya Ackerly, who are MFT Trainees under the supervision of William Schult, LMFT#111556. This group is not a crisis service or a replacement for individual therapy. If you are in immediate danger or experiencing a mental health emergency, please call 988 or go to the nearest emergency room.
(916) 249-9976 View (916) 249-9976
Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) offers structured support for emotional regulation, stress coping, and improved relationships in individuals struggling with various issues, including depression, anxiety, trauma, OCD, and personality disorders. This group can assist you in learning effective mindfulness practices, distress tolerance, and communication skills. Group sessions focus on sharing experiences, validating each other, and learning DBT techniques. The group setting encourages connection, empowerment, and consistent practice of therapeutic tools. The eight-session program covers various DBT skills, ultimately aiming to promote healing and reclaiming a sense of self-control.
Photo of Jiyoung Kim, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR, IFS
Hosted by Jiyoung Kim
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR, IFS
Group meets in Sacramento, CA 95816
Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) offers structured support for emotional regulation, stress coping, and improved relationships in individuals struggling with various issues, including depression, anxiety, trauma, OCD, and personality disorders. This group can assist you in learning effective mindfulness practices, distress tolerance, and communication skills. Group sessions focus on sharing experiences, validating each other, and learning DBT techniques. The group setting encourages connection, empowerment, and consistent practice of therapeutic tools. The eight-session program covers various DBT skills, ultimately aiming to promote healing and reclaiming a sense of self-control.
(916) 884-2801 View (916) 884-2801
Out of control with food? Frustrated with your body? No time for yourself on your to-do list? ...A better tomorrow is waiting. Give yourself the gift of more energy, more vitality, and the freedom you've been craving without fad diets, endless hours of therapy, or another damn "superfood." The next generation of intuitive eating and body liberation support is here to help you when and where you need it most. Designed to fit every lifestyle, the Finding Center App is a psychologist created (that would be me!) mental health app focused on Intuitive Eating support. https://findingcenterapp.com/
Photo of Stephanie Smith, Psychologist, PsyD
Hosted by Stephanie Smith
Psychologist, PsyD
Group meets in Sacramento, CA 95819
Out of control with food? Frustrated with your body? No time for yourself on your to-do list? ...A better tomorrow is waiting. Give yourself the gift of more energy, more vitality, and the freedom you've been craving without fad diets, endless hours of therapy, or another damn "superfood." The next generation of intuitive eating and body liberation support is here to help you when and where you need it most. Designed to fit every lifestyle, the Finding Center App is a psychologist created (that would be me!) mental health app focused on Intuitive Eating support. https://findingcenterapp.com/
(916) 764-3940 View (916) 764-3940
Exploring career opportunities, career develoment and enhancement are all essential to success. This group will explore various careers with designated professionals and para-professsionals providing helpful information and recommendations related to those careers. Current areas of special interest include resume development, dress for success, modeling & acting coaching, voice, and music arts. For additional information or to sign up, contact Dorothy at:(916)925-1459.
Photo of Guy E Washington, Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Hosted by Guy E Washington
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Group meets in North Highlands, CA 95660
Exploring career opportunities, career develoment and enhancement are all essential to success. This group will explore various careers with designated professionals and para-professsionals providing helpful information and recommendations related to those careers. Current areas of special interest include resume development, dress for success, modeling & acting coaching, voice, and music arts. For additional information or to sign up, contact Dorothy at:(916)925-1459.
(916) 913-9186 View (916) 913-9186
Join our Harm Reduction Addiction Support Group for holistic recovery. Our compassionate space embraces diverse needs with structured sessions covering addiction, anxiety, depression, impulse control, relationships, and more. We focus on coping skills, healthy relationships, and relapse prevention, integrating IFS, CBT, mindfulness, trauma informed care, and attachment theory. Reclaim control, build community, and explore new possibilities with us. Book a free consultation today for personalized support on your journey to recovery.
Photo of Lucille Tran, Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC
Hosted by Lucille Tran
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC
Group meets in Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Join our Harm Reduction Addiction Support Group for holistic recovery. Our compassionate space embraces diverse needs with structured sessions covering addiction, anxiety, depression, impulse control, relationships, and more. We focus on coping skills, healthy relationships, and relapse prevention, integrating IFS, CBT, mindfulness, trauma informed care, and attachment theory. Reclaim control, build community, and explore new possibilities with us. Book a free consultation today for personalized support on your journey to recovery.
(916) 545-1026 View (916) 545-1026

See more therapy options for Citrus Heights

FAQs - About Group Therapy and Support Groups

How can I find a support group in Citrus Heights?

To find a support group in your area, start by entering your city, zip code, or the name of the group into the search bar at the top of the page. When searching, consider whether you prefer an in-person or virtual group. This can help you decide how broad your geographic search should be. If you are open to virtual groups, you might want to search by state instead of just your city, especially if there are limited options nearby.

Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.

How does group therapy work?

Group therapy is led by one or more trained therapists and provides a space where participants can process their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges. Groups may focus on a specific issue—such as addiction, grief, physical illnesses, parenting, or caregiving—or they may center around a particular therapeutic approach, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), social skill development, or Exposure Therapy. Some groups are also designed for specific populations, such as teens, veterans, or LGBTQ+ individuals.

It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.

What are the benefits of group therapy?

Group therapy offers several important benefits. It brings together people facing similar challenges—whether related to mental health, physical health, or life transitions—and creates a supportive environment where participants can exchange feedback, share experiences, and learn from one another. Hearing different perspectives can help individuals discover new coping strategies and practical tools they may not have encountered on their own. Sharing personal experiences, such as coping with a serious illness or navigating family struggles, can also reduce feelings of isolation and foster a sense of connection and understanding. In addition to emotional support, group members often gain useful, real-world advice from peers who have faced similar situations.

Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.

Is group therapy as effective as individual therapy?

It is difficult to make a blanket statement about the effectiveness of support groups, as they vary widely in focus and the conditions they address. However, support groups can be highly valuable in helping individuals gain emotional support and achieve meaningful treatment outcomes. For certain conditions, such as substance use, research has shown that group therapy can be particularly effective—sometimes just as effective as individual therapy—in supporting long-term recovery.

Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.

How much does group therapy cost?

Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy, with sessions typically costing between $50 and $75 each. In comparison, individual therapy can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 or more per session, even with insurance. Some therapists or organizations offer low-cost or free group therapy options, particularly through community centers or nonprofit organizations. In some cases, groups may require payment upfront for a set number of sessions, such as paying for six weekly sessions at the first meeting. However, many providers offer payment plans to help make participation more accessible if this upfront payment is required.

Does insurance cover group therapy?

As with individual therapy, insurance coverage for group therapy varies based on factors such as your specific insurance plan, the purpose of the group, your diagnosis, and whether the group provider is in-network. Many insurance plans cover group therapy sessions that address diagnosable mental health conditions, such as substance use disorders, anxiety, or depression.

However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.

How long does group therapy last?

The length of each group therapy session typically ranges from 45 minutes to two hours, depending on the therapy approach, the group’s goals, and how often the group meets. In some cases, group therapy is part of a larger treatment program, such as an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP), where group sessions complement individual therapy and are scheduled as part of the program’s overall structure.

The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.

What are the limitations of support groups?

Support groups offer many benefits, but they also have certain limitations. Unlike therapy groups, many support groups do not provide formal therapeutic treatment and are not led by licensed mental health professionals. For individuals seeking clinical treatment for specific mental health diagnoses—such as depression, eating disorders, or substance use—individual therapy or group therapy led by a licensed professional may offer more personalized and specialized care.

The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.