Support Groups in Carlsbad, CA

Residential inpatient drug rehabs Carlsbad, San Diego in California. This group helps prepare you for PHP addiction treatment. Located near Escondido, CA we realize this is a difficult step for many. You will learn how to evaluate the level of substance abuse treatment that is needed to fit your individualized needs. You will go to our opiate detox or alcohol detox centers with MAT or medication assisted treatment. During the residential inpatient drug rehabs San Diego program you get educated on relapse prevention and substance use triggers. Luxury accommodations provided by HGR drug rehabs Carlsbad.
Photo of Nora Jenkins - Drug Rehabs Carlsbad | Drug Rehabs San Diego, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADC l
Hosted by Drug Rehabs Carlsbad | Drug Rehabs San Diego
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADC l
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
Inpatient drug rehabs Carlsbad and drug rehabs San Diego for inpatient substance abuse medical care accepting most insurances like TRICARE. This inpatient drug rehabs San Diego alcohol addiction treatment centers with alcohol and drug detox centers in Escondido, California. HGR drug rehabs has a full continuum of care. We are evidence based and connect our clients to 12-step teachings. Credentialed and experience therapists provide individual and group counseling. The drug rehabs Carlsbad protocol includes family engagement in the process. If you are looking for inpatient drug rehabs California or in Escondido, CA give us a call.
(442) 245-8034 View (442) 245-8034
Photo of Eryn Katheryn Sparzo, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CIP
Hosted by Eryn Katheryn Sparzo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CIP
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
(916) 823-8697 View (916) 823-8697
The Seven Principles Workshop for couples is a virtual relationship workshop based on the internationally acclaimed research of Dr. John Gottman as presented in his New York Times bestselling book—The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work. This educational workshop has been offered across the US and internationally, and has strengthened the relationships of tens of thousands of couples. It's specifically designed to help couples improve their friendship and learn powerful communication and conflict management skills. The workshop includes lectures, demonstrations, videos and private couples exercises.
Photo of Dr. Jaclyn Grad, Psychologist, PhD, MA
Hosted by Dr. Jaclyn Grad
Psychologist, PhD, MA
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92009
Dr. Grad is a clinical psychologist with over a decade of experience in the mental health field. Her passion and goal is to help clients improve their mental well being in all areas of your life. She specializes in the treatment of anxiety, depression, stress management, PTSD, grief, health related concerns, and general wellness enhancement. Certified in evidence-based treatments for trauma, mindfulness-based meditation, behavioral medicine consultation, and couples therapy, Dr. Grad brings a comprehensive and integrative approach to mental health.
(562) 383-0235 View (562) 383-0235
This is more than a typical support group. This structured group will help participants to let go, move on, and how to imagine a future which is fulfilling and hopeful. The structured 8-week therapy group is for individuals who are currently going through, or recovering from, separation & divorce. The group will assist participants in processing the ambiguous loss associated with dissolving a marriage, gain insight into how we progress through the stages of grief, and utilize Narrative Therapy to move from our past views of ourselves into a future-oriented and hopeful mindset. Contact to sign up.
Photo of Jessica Cooper, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Hosted by Jessica Cooper
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
Taking the steps to explore therapy can be vulnerable and intimidating. Finding a therapist you connect with is key. I am an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist in the Carlsbad area. My goal is to foster an open, trusting, non-judgmental, and collaborative environment in which clients can feel comfortable to express themselves. My passion is rooted in assisting clients through their journey to achieve goals, find fulfillment, and explore themselves in a safe and caring space. I have a client-centered and integrative approach to therapy, utilizing therapeutic modalities which best fit a client and their needs.
(442) 239-6702 View (442) 239-6702
Self-compassion is not another self-improvement project—it’s about learning to approach yourself and your life with warmth and caring attention. In this six-week group, you will learn skills to motivate yourself with care rather than criticism, handle difficult emotions with greater ease, and bring mindfulness and self-compassion into the midst of your busy life. Many participants report taking away a new understanding of themselves, a greater sense of belonging, and a stronger connection with what matters most to them. To learn more or schedule a free 15-minute phone consultation, visit: coastaltherapygroup.com/mscgroup/
Photo of Taryn L. Gammon, Psychologist, PhD, BCB
Hosted by Taryn L. Gammon
Psychologist, PhD, BCB
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
Even just considering taking steps toward your own healing is a profound and radical act of care. Rarely are we encouraged to take time to tend to the parts of us that are hurting. Yet when we ignore or “push through” them, we find that they linger, and often grow. Maybe you’ve been wrestling with your mind, body, or emotions for years, and are wondering if there’s another way. Maybe something happened that is making you question your capacities, purpose, identity, or where to go next. Whatever brings you, your challenges and experiences are worth the care they are asking for, and so are you.
(442) 250-4517 View (442) 250-4517
This purpose of this group is to educate, process, and learn how to cope with chronic physical pain due to a health condition or trauma.
Photo of Yadira Acosta, Psychological Associate, PhD
Hosted by Yadira Acosta
Psychological Associate, PhD
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
As a life coach, I help my clients formulate goals and see them through completion. I believe each individual has a unique life purpose to fulfill. I help my clients live meaningful and fulfilled lives by utilizing a comprehensive approach. I utilize a structured program alongside a deep understanding of positive psychology, personality factors, physical wellness, and culture to guide individuals through their journey of recovery. I apply my extensive training in psychology and a system I developed to help clients navigate interpersonal relationships, mental health challenges, stress, sudden life changes, and health issues.
(858) 258-5663 View (858) 258-5663
In this group, we will engage in interactive exercises to explore your life purpose to free your self-expression and transform your thoughts. We will help participants to re-pattern habitual stress patterns to support improved mood. This group will be led by Randi Beckman, LCSW seasoned Self-Empowerment counselor. Contact Randi Beckman to sign up to ensure space is available.
Photo of Randi Beckman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CcHT
Hosted by Randi Beckman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CcHT
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
Are you looking to transform old stuck patterns in your life & shift the habitual stress habits so that you can experience a better quality of life, filled with more joy, inner peace & enhanced self-confidence? If so, consider booking a session with me. I specialize in helping people learn transformational coping tools to reduce anxiety, improve relationships, & connect deeper with your true authentic self. It is my honor to support you in your journey with individual, couples therapy and/ or family therapy. I also specialize in providing parent coaching to help address behavioral concerns in children with Autism, ADHD, anxiety etc.
(442) 233-8874 View (442) 233-8874
Has anyone ever told you that your life would make a good story? There is clarity and connection that comes from writing a story for an audience (even just an audience of one), that can be transformational. This process is not about writing skills, only your willingness to dig deeper into understanding yourself as the main character. I can work with you individually or in a group to help you see your story in a way that may be different than the one you have told yourself. No matter how the story starts and ends, the hero is always you.
Photo of Anna Menniti, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Hosted by Anna Menniti
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92011
In times of transitions like getting married, having kids, getting divorced or changing careers, the wounds you thought were dealt with, can unexpectedly resurface. Past trauma (large or small) may have always been in the background unknowingly affecting every decision you ever made. Unresolved trauma can manifest as issues around self-esteem, depression, anxiety, or a pattern of choosing the wrong partner, or a job that makes you feel stuck. Maybe it manifests in the feeling of longing for something you don't have, even when you feel like you have it all.
(760) 227-5264 View (760) 227-5264
Join together with women like yourself who are committed to a path of transformation. An essential part of growth and personal development takes place in the context of community. We join together weekly to bear witness to one another's diverse life experiences and offer mutual support. With compassionate hearts we create a safe space for participants to feel heard and supported to express their truest self. Group is limited to 10 participants. Next series begins Oct, 18, 2018. Please visit www.wisdomcirclesandiego.com for details and sign up info.
Photo of Jamie Clear, MA
Hosted by Jamie Clear
Verified Verified
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92009
Whether you are struggling in relationships, going through a season of transition or seeking a greater sense of purpose and meaning in your life, I would be honored to work with you. My intention as a counselor is to be a healing presence in the life of my clients by offering unconditional acceptance and holding the space for you to be your truest self. I believe that every challenge is an invitation to transformation, and together we will seek wisdom and reflect on the growth that longs to occur in your life.
(760) 957-0618 View (760) 957-0618
Photo of Emily Eckstein - Lightfully Brentwood RTC, Treatment Center, PsyD, LMFT
Hosted by Lightfully Brentwood RTC
Treatment Center, PsyD, LMFT
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92009
(424) 395-4229 View (424) 395-4229
This simple and powerful practice is perfect for those who struggle with "traditional meditation" techniques or turning off their mind. Our ancient eastern breathing method focuses your busy mind on your breath, allowing you to experience peace within your heart and release anything holding you back. It is like nothing you have ever experienced before! A few benefits of weekly breath work: *Experience deep relaxation *Heal physical / emotional pain *Find your purpose *Increase energy *Reduce stress and anxiety *Eliminate depression *Let go of the past *Detoxify your cells and organs *Alkalinize your blood *Sleep better. Let the breath guide you.
Photo of Kristin Colton, Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADCIII, CATCIII, MFT TR, RYT 250
Hosted by Kristin Colton
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADCIII, CATCIII, MFT TR, RYT 250
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
Kristin has been helping people in addiction recovery treatment since 1997 and has continued to find her work exciting and purposeful. She has expertise in all areas of substance use disorders as well as treating co-occurring disorders such as depression and anxiety. Kristin also works with individuals who struggle with eating disorders, sexual addiction, and other behavioral and process addictions. Kristin has studied Life Coaching as well as becoming certified in Yoga and Pranayama Breathwork and has found many evidence based and holistic practices to be extremely healing in her work as well as personal experience.
(949) 558-2647 View (949) 558-2647
Specialty Focus on Behaviors explores parenting solutions, talk about challenges raising children and build on resources that children with grow and love. Parenting resources for children age ie, 3-5, 6-8, 8-10 and 10-16 years old. Parents receive resources, worksheets to help guide them at home and in-session role play to practice skills.
Photo of Janet K Bastien, Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Hosted by Janet K Bastien
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
My passion as a therapist is to help individuals, parents, and children explore their challenges, from either the present or past. When clients are self-motivated to apply methods and skills whether for themselves or their family, positive transformation will happen! If you want to learn positive parenting skills, teach children the value of self-esteem, or identify behaviors and maladapted attachments, all of this is talk-able and worthy of investing your time and energy. I am here to listen and help dissolve trauma from childhood or social-emotional experiences in order to regain a healthy and happy life!
(858) 537-4488 View (858) 537-4488
I offer weekly parenting classes on Thursday evenings. It is an 8-week series but individuals or couples are able to join at any time in the series. Please contact me for more information.
Photo of Kathy Kirk, Marriage & Family Therapist, LCSW, PPS
Hosted by Kathy Kirk
Marriage & Family Therapist, LCSW, PPS
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
My desire is to help people find hope, healing and joy. I believe that everyone can benefit from a safe and encouraging environment and I work to come alongside individuals, couples and families to offer support, care and guidance. I have worked with children and adolescents both as a therapist and a school counselor for over 20 years. I specialize in issues of ADHD, Asperger's, Anger, Depression, Anxiety and Communication. I also love working with women's issues, couples and families. I have expert experience working with Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar Disorder and Eating Disorders.
(760) 973-4379 View (760) 973-4379
Someone can tell you a million times that you aren’t alone and it can be difficult to believe them. This group is a confidential space that can provide you with the opportunity to connect with others who may be struggling with some of the same things you are. Maybe you have difficulty advocating for yourself. Or maybe you notice yourself engaging in the same patterns over and over again and want support in finding new ways to form relationships and interact with others. Click below to learn more or schedule a free 15-minute phone consultation: coastaltherapygroup.com/connections/
Photo of Rebecca Murphy, Registered Psychological Associate, PsyD
Hosted by Rebecca Murphy
Registered Psychological Associate, PsyD
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
I am accepting new clients as of 5/19/25 and offer free, 15-minute phone consultations. There can be so much pressure to know who you are and have everything figured out, but most people don’t! Therapy can be a place to explore who you are, who you want to be, and how you want to get there. As a therapist I care about empowering you to find your voice and engage in value-congruent action. I strive to work collaboratively, be mindful of power and privilege, and always seek to understand the world as you see and experience it so we can better find your path forward. I am committed to providing therapy that honors your unique story.
(442) 302-3327 View (442) 302-3327
An 8-week online group for those who feel anxious in relationships, overthink interactions, and struggle with self-worth. Together, we'll explore how early experiences shape your current relationship patterns while building practical skills for more secure connections. When: Tuesdays at 2PM PST/5PM EST or 5PM PST/8PM EST Where: Virtual (California and Florida residents) Reduce relationship anxiety & emotional reactivity, greater understanding of attachment patterns, improved ability to communicate needs effectively, increased self-compassion, decreased people-pleasing and more secure and fulfilling relationships. Join a supportive community of others walking the same path—healing happens in connection.
Photo of Emily Morgan - Earth & Sky Therapy , Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Hosted by Earth & Sky Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92011
Do you intellectually understand why you react the way you do, but still get triggered in relationships? Perhaps you've built walls that keep others at a distance while longing for deeper connection? Whether you're highly self-aware but stuck in painful patterns, or successful in life yet struggling in relationships, attachment trauma may be at the root. Are you struggling with trust, emotional intimacy, or repeating negative patterns and ready to move beyond understanding to transformation, I can help. Through talk therapy, EMDR, or group work, I can guide you to heal these core wounds & create the secure relationships you deserve.
(760) 309-3341 View (760) 309-3341
Our group is a place for people to grow personally in consistent, caring, and honest relationships. We are hurt in relationships and we heal in relationships. And in a culture where we can be easily swayed by the news of the day or the whims of the algorithms we use, group therapy can be an anchor for how you are experienced and known by other people. It is powerful, highly underrated, and incredible helpful. Dr. Rebecca Murphy is the psychological associate that leads this group and I directly supervise it.
Photo of Reid Kessler, Psychologist, PsyD
Hosted by Reid Kessler
Psychologist, PsyD
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
Life can be complicated, and even when we try our best, certain struggles can feel hard to untangle alone. Therapy is a space to slow down and make sense of what’s happening beneath the surface—not just to ease distress, but to better understand yourself and your relationships in a way that leads to lasting change. The experiences and relationships we’ve had shape how we see the world, how we relate to others, and even how we experience ourselves. Gaining insight into these patterns can help you feel more grounded, connected, and free to live life in a way that feels authentic to you.
(760) 571-2425 View (760) 571-2425
http://www.drjasonrichardson.com/books/ This self-led course is for you if: You're ready to start believing in your personal and business potential. Perform at a level you've never seen before and ready to reengineer your brain for success. You're ready to TAKE CONTROL of your life and start winning. This self-led course is NOT for you if: You start things but never finish them because you think you can't complete. You are afraid to jump OUT of your comfort zone. You only partially commit to challenges after a few days.
Photo of Robert C Irwin, Psychologist, PhD
Hosted by Robert C Irwin
Psychologist, PhD
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92011
Robert Irwin, Ph.D., Clinical and Professional Psychologist and the founder and CEO of the Sport of Mind Inc,. Specializes as a clinical psychologist with a cutting edge mindset from neuroscience. He realizes that life is about how our perceptions have created current predominant beliefs. From this premise, he created the "Belief Matrix" and the "IDEAL Plan". Over 5000 clients have utilized this clinically proven and scientific approach to overcoming life's obstacles. He utilizes the recent neuroscience discoveries (including NeuroFeedback) in fitness and health using the conscious brain to re-program the all powerful subconscious beliefs.
(760) 621-5273 View (760) 621-5273
Does your teen struggle with anxiety, stress, or overwhelm? They are not alone. Join my Teen Anxiety, support group, where teens will learn, practical tools to manage, anxiety, build confidence, and feel more in control in a supportive, encouraging environment. Led by Dr. Cynthia Chapman-psychologist Small group setting for personalized support. Evidence based strategies to ease anxiety. Open to 8 participants. Starts April 23rd @ 4:15 pm. Spots are filling up. Call to register!
Photo of Dr. Cynthia Chapman, Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Hosted by Dr. Cynthia Chapman
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
Do you feel overwhelmed by anxiety, stress, or relationship struggles? Maybe you overthink, feel stuck in self-doubt, or struggle to manage emotions. With 25 years of experience, I use Cognitive Behavioral, Internal Family Systems, Psychodynamic, Strengths-Based Therapy, Mindfulness, and Self-Compassion techniques to help you gain clarity, confidence, and emotional balance. Whether you're healing from past wounds or breaking free from negative thought patterns, I’m here to help. Together, we’ll create a path toward lasting emotional well-being.
(858) 352-7455 View (858) 352-7455
A more affordable way to work towards gaining a healthy mood lifestyle. If you have been trying to improve your mood with just anti-depressants and find no improvement, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy has been scientifically shown to help. Group therapy for Depression is an affordable and effective way to get the support from others and learn more effective ways to positively change your mood.
Photo of Chris Tammariello - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Services (CBTS), Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Hosted by Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Services (CBTS)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
As a board certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapist (CBT) by the Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapies with extensive training at the Beck Institute, we will work with you to establish attainable goals, teach you how to use specific tools and gain the skills necessary to achieve and maintain your goals.
(760) 933-9601 View (760) 933-9601
We are currently collecting an interest list for our Groups. All participants must be existing clients with ADR Wellness. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) group provides clients skills in mindfulness, emotional regulation, distress tolerance and interpersonal effectiveness.
Photo of Alisa Brady - ADR Wellness, Psychologist, PhD
Hosted by ADR Wellness
Psychologist, PhD
Group meets in Carlsbad, CA 92008
Are you feeling stressed? Overwhelmed? Involved in a painful relationship? Do you want to decrease your suffering? We are here to help. The process of change can be painful, but it also offers opportunity for growth. If you are interested in making life changes, or are contemplating making changes in your life, then I invite you to contact us. At ADR Wellness we provide a nonjudgmental and safe environment. We offer research proven methods to help identify problems and create constructive solutions for difficult life issues.
(760) 991-3243 View (760) 991-3243

See more therapy options for Carlsbad

FAQs - About Group Therapy and Support Groups

How can I find a support group in Carlsbad?

To find a support group in your area, start by entering your city, zip code, or the name of the group into the search bar at the top of the page. When searching, consider whether you prefer an in-person or virtual group. This can help you decide how broad your geographic search should be. If you are open to virtual groups, you might want to search by state instead of just your city, especially if there are limited options nearby.

Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.

How does group therapy work?

Group therapy is led by one or more trained therapists and provides a space where participants can process their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges. Groups may focus on a specific issue—such as addiction, grief, physical illnesses, parenting, or caregiving—or they may center around a particular therapeutic approach, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), social skill development, or Exposure Therapy. Some groups are also designed for specific populations, such as teens, veterans, or LGBTQ+ individuals.

It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.

What are the benefits of group therapy?

Group therapy offers several important benefits. It brings together people facing similar challenges—whether related to mental health, physical health, or life transitions—and creates a supportive environment where participants can exchange feedback, share experiences, and learn from one another. Hearing different perspectives can help individuals discover new coping strategies and practical tools they may not have encountered on their own. Sharing personal experiences, such as coping with a serious illness or navigating family struggles, can also reduce feelings of isolation and foster a sense of connection and understanding. In addition to emotional support, group members often gain useful, real-world advice from peers who have faced similar situations.

Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.

Is group therapy as effective as individual therapy?

It is difficult to make a blanket statement about the effectiveness of support groups, as they vary widely in focus and the conditions they address. However, support groups can be highly valuable in helping individuals gain emotional support and achieve meaningful treatment outcomes. For certain conditions, such as substance use, research has shown that group therapy can be particularly effective—sometimes just as effective as individual therapy—in supporting long-term recovery.

Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.

How much does group therapy cost?

Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy, with sessions typically costing between $50 and $75 each. In comparison, individual therapy can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 or more per session, even with insurance. Some therapists or organizations offer low-cost or free group therapy options, particularly through community centers or nonprofit organizations. In some cases, groups may require payment upfront for a set number of sessions, such as paying for six weekly sessions at the first meeting. However, many providers offer payment plans to help make participation more accessible if this upfront payment is required.

Does insurance cover group therapy?

As with individual therapy, insurance coverage for group therapy varies based on factors such as your specific insurance plan, the purpose of the group, your diagnosis, and whether the group provider is in-network. Many insurance plans cover group therapy sessions that address diagnosable mental health conditions, such as substance use disorders, anxiety, or depression.

However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.

How long does group therapy last?

The length of each group therapy session typically ranges from 45 minutes to two hours, depending on the therapy approach, the group’s goals, and how often the group meets. In some cases, group therapy is part of a larger treatment program, such as an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP), where group sessions complement individual therapy and are scheduled as part of the program’s overall structure.

The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.

What are the limitations of support groups?

Support groups offer many benefits, but they also have certain limitations. Unlike therapy groups, many support groups do not provide formal therapeutic treatment and are not led by licensed mental health professionals. For individuals seeking clinical treatment for specific mental health diagnoses—such as depression, eating disorders, or substance use—individual therapy or group therapy led by a licensed professional may offer more personalized and specialized care.

The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.