Support Groups in 10009

We will use each teen's music as a jumping board to discuss issues of identity, family, relationships and losses.
Photo of Jill Gewirtz, Psychologist, PsyD
Hosted by Jill Gewirtz
Psychologist, PsyD
Group meets in New York, NY 10009
We will use each teen's music as a jumping board to discuss issues of identity, family, relationships and losses.
(646) 553-6313 View (646) 553-6313
Supervision group for licensed clinicians who are working with trans and gnc patients. For more information, please contact me.
Photo of Yukari Yanagino, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW-R, FIPA
Hosted by Yukari Yanagino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW-R, FIPA
Group meets in New York, NY 10009
Supervision group for licensed clinicians who are working with trans and gnc patients. For more information, please contact me.
(646) 600-9137 View (646) 600-9137
Are you a woman experiencing infertility? Do you feel isolated, anxious, hopeless during your family building journey? Maintaining your emotional well-being during periods of infertility is essential. Join my women’s infertility support group to meet other women navigating infertility and gain support during this challenging time. My groups are tailored to women struggling with infertility issues. Groups meet once weekly for a full hour, and are a forum for emotional support, validation and hope. Group process is fully confidential. Write or call me today to secure your participation in the upcoming Group.
Photo of Karin Feldman, Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC, CCBT
Hosted by Karin Feldman
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC, CCBT
Group meets in New York, NY 10009
Are you a woman experiencing infertility? Do you feel isolated, anxious, hopeless during your family building journey? Maintaining your emotional well-being during periods of infertility is essential. Join my women’s infertility support group to meet other women navigating infertility and gain support during this challenging time. My groups are tailored to women struggling with infertility issues. Groups meet once weekly for a full hour, and are a forum for emotional support, validation and hope. Group process is fully confidential. Write or call me today to secure your participation in the upcoming Group.
(347) 696-4228 View (347) 696-4228
Skills-based cognitive-behavioral group for anxiety. Sessions include techniques for panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety, and other forms of anxiety. Issues like procrastination, self-talk, and self esteem are also addressed. Sessions conducted by Dr. Carmichael and/or a therapist from her practice. Online groups give new privacy options. You choose whether to be visible by sharing video from your computer, or remain anonymous by not sharing video. Please note: Although the group is online, you must be in New York State due to licensing regulations. More information: www.drchloe.com/online-anxiety-group.
Photo of Amanda Pelcher, Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Hosted by Amanda Pelcher
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Group meets in New York, NY 10009
Skills-based cognitive-behavioral group for anxiety. Sessions include techniques for panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety, and other forms of anxiety. Issues like procrastination, self-talk, and self esteem are also addressed. Sessions conducted by Dr. Carmichael and/or a therapist from her practice. Online groups give new privacy options. You choose whether to be visible by sharing video from your computer, or remain anonymous by not sharing video. Please note: Although the group is online, you must be in New York State due to licensing regulations. More information: www.drchloe.com/online-anxiety-group.
This group is design for work with clients in adifferent stages substance abuse or recovery. Clients who are unsure if they are addicted to or dependent upon alcohol or drugs can gain a better sense of their substance issues by interaction with those in various other stages of recovery. Relapse and relapse prevention, anger management and coping strategies are expressed and processed with the help of peers.
Photo of Thomas J. Phillips, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CASAC
Hosted by Thomas J. Phillips
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CASAC
Group meets in New York, NY 10009
This group is design for work with clients in adifferent stages substance abuse or recovery. Clients who are unsure if they are addicted to or dependent upon alcohol or drugs can gain a better sense of their substance issues by interaction with those in various other stages of recovery. Relapse and relapse prevention, anger management and coping strategies are expressed and processed with the help of peers.
(646) 679-7904 View (646) 679-7904

More Groups Nearby

The Hold Me Tight® workshop is based on Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and is an ideal way to reconnect with your partner at a reduced rate from the comfort of your own home. The next group will run on four Friday evenings from 5:00 pm to 7:30 pm EST January 17th, 24th, 31st and February 7th. It includes guided couple's exercises with personalized, one-on-one support, video clips & discussions of key concepts to help couples better understand one another & develop new communication patterns. Go to www.onlineholdmetight.com for more information and to register.
Photo of Carolyn Ella McIntyre, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, EFT
Hosted by Carolyn Ella McIntyre
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, EFT
Group meets in Brooklyn, NY 11242
The Hold Me Tight® workshop is based on Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and is an ideal way to reconnect with your partner at a reduced rate from the comfort of your own home. The next group will run on four Friday evenings from 5:00 pm to 7:30 pm EST January 17th, 24th, 31st and February 7th. It includes guided couple's exercises with personalized, one-on-one support, video clips & discussions of key concepts to help couples better understand one another & develop new communication patterns. Go to www.onlineholdmetight.com for more information and to register.
(917) 746-8666 View (917) 746-8666
When dealing with codependency it can be very hard to navigate relationships as you might be overly invested and worried about others to the point that you completely forget about yourself. Others become a priority and "YOU" end up in the back burner with the shorter end of the stick. In addition, this makes it hard to care for yourself. You may feel sad, angry, and resentful which leads you to engage in unhealthy patterns of behavior. This dysfunctional relational cycle only brings more pain to you and feelings of disappointed and betrayal from others.
Photo of Nathilee A Caldeira - Lets Talk Psychological Wellness P.C. Teletherapy, Psychologist, PhD
Hosted by Lets Talk Psychological Wellness P.C. Teletherapy
Psychologist, PhD
Group meets in New York, NY 10016
When dealing with codependency it can be very hard to navigate relationships as you might be overly invested and worried about others to the point that you completely forget about yourself. Others become a priority and "YOU" end up in the back burner with the shorter end of the stick. In addition, this makes it hard to care for yourself. You may feel sad, angry, and resentful which leads you to engage in unhealthy patterns of behavior. This dysfunctional relational cycle only brings more pain to you and feelings of disappointed and betrayal from others.
(917) 473-9634 View (917) 473-9634
Apple Psychological is accepting clients for a group therapy space for women-identified individuals looking to explore themes of self-confidence, body acceptance, and sex positivity. Be a part of a supportive community, learn coping skills, and engage in activities to further develop self-confidence.
Photo of Staci Weiner - Apple Psychological, Psychologist, PsyD
Hosted by Apple Psychological
Psychologist, PsyD
Group meets in Roslyn Heights, NY 11577
Apple Psychological is accepting clients for a group therapy space for women-identified individuals looking to explore themes of self-confidence, body acceptance, and sex positivity. Be a part of a supportive community, learn coping skills, and engage in activities to further develop self-confidence.
(516) 344-8948 View (516) 344-8948
I offer opportunities for individuals and couples to build a new future. With creativity and fun, we will identify the patterns that prevent you from becoming all that you can be as a couple or a single person seeking therapy. In our work together we will identify the obstacles that keep your life from feeling filled with purpose and meaning. I teach communication skills, problem solving and ways to resolve conflict with out repetitive arguments. Whether we spend time on Zoom or in my new office, we will engage in conversations that will never seem boring but scintillating.
Photo of Jim Walkup, Marriage & Family Therapist, D Min
Hosted by Jim Walkup
Marriage & Family Therapist, D Min
Group meets in Rye, NY 10580
I offer opportunities for individuals and couples to build a new future. With creativity and fun, we will identify the patterns that prevent you from becoming all that you can be as a couple or a single person seeking therapy. In our work together we will identify the obstacles that keep your life from feeling filled with purpose and meaning. I teach communication skills, problem solving and ways to resolve conflict with out repetitive arguments. Whether we spend time on Zoom or in my new office, we will engage in conversations that will never seem boring but scintillating.
(347) 263-8016 View (347) 263-8016
The Third-Party Parenting Network (TPPN) is a network of parents who have built (or are working on building) their families using donor assistance through ovum donation, embryo donation, sperm donation, and/or surrogacy. TPPN provides the opportunity for parents to connect, share their stories, receive support and learn from each other about the issues that are unique to the experience of Third Party Parenting, such as disclosure, siblings and genetic origins. Meeting regularly, over time with the same group of people builds a level of trust which enables a deeper exploration of what it is like to be a parent dealing with issues.
Photo of Nancy Kaufman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LP
Hosted by Nancy Kaufman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LP
Group meets in New York, NY 10028
The Third-Party Parenting Network (TPPN) is a network of parents who have built (or are working on building) their families using donor assistance through ovum donation, embryo donation, sperm donation, and/or surrogacy. TPPN provides the opportunity for parents to connect, share their stories, receive support and learn from each other about the issues that are unique to the experience of Third Party Parenting, such as disclosure, siblings and genetic origins. Meeting regularly, over time with the same group of people builds a level of trust which enables a deeper exploration of what it is like to be a parent dealing with issues.
(646) 386-2149 View (646) 386-2149
At Rivia Medical, we believe in a holistic approach to mental health, with a focus on both treatment and prevention. We believe in listening to each patient and creating a partnership to work on maintaining and improving lifelong health. A consultation begins with a comprehensive evaluation and a personalized treatment plan to help you reach your goals. For the most up to date availability, please book directly at riviamedical.com/appointment. Our staff is available Monday through Friday from 8:00 am to 8:00 pm to speak with you 212-203-1773 or email us at info@riviamind.com
Photo of Hyun Hee 'hunny' Kang, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Hosted by Hyun Hee 'hunny' Kang
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Group meets in New York, NY 10016
At Rivia Medical, we believe in a holistic approach to mental health, with a focus on both treatment and prevention. We believe in listening to each patient and creating a partnership to work on maintaining and improving lifelong health. A consultation begins with a comprehensive evaluation and a personalized treatment plan to help you reach your goals. For the most up to date availability, please book directly at riviamedical.com/appointment. Our staff is available Monday through Friday from 8:00 am to 8:00 pm to speak with you 212-203-1773 or email us at info@riviamind.com
(646) 846-8035 View (646) 846-8035
This treatment group provides a safe, nurturing, accepting environment in which painful feelings and experiences can be shared. This group will address topics pertaining to coping with anxiety, depression, loss, and grief while learning and applying during each group the coping, problem solving, and interpersonal communication and relationship skills developed.
Hosted by Four Bridges Social Work Services, LCSW-PC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, DSW, LCSW-R, BCD, ACSW
Group meets in Staten Island, NY 10306
This treatment group provides a safe, nurturing, accepting environment in which painful feelings and experiences can be shared. This group will address topics pertaining to coping with anxiety, depression, loss, and grief while learning and applying during each group the coping, problem solving, and interpersonal communication and relationship skills developed.
(718) 815-3500 View (718) 815-3500
Join psychotherapist and author Kim Schneiderman, LCSW, for an 8-week journey of self discovery using guided imagery, mindfulness, archetypes, parts work, enneagram, and perspective-bending writing exercises from Kim's book, Step Out of Your Story. Both playful and deep, this profoundly transformational work will enhance your relationships, career and overall life direction, leaving you feeling more compassionate towards yourself and others. February 25 - April 29, 2019. Email me for registration details.
Photo of Kim Schneiderman - Step Out of Your Story, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Hosted by Step Out of Your Story
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Group meets in New York, NY 10014
Join psychotherapist and author Kim Schneiderman, LCSW, for an 8-week journey of self discovery using guided imagery, mindfulness, archetypes, parts work, enneagram, and perspective-bending writing exercises from Kim's book, Step Out of Your Story. Both playful and deep, this profoundly transformational work will enhance your relationships, career and overall life direction, leaving you feeling more compassionate towards yourself and others. February 25 - April 29, 2019. Email me for registration details.
(646) 490-0507 View (646) 490-0507
Are you having problems falling asleep or staying asleep throughout the night? Waking up unrested? Feeling sleepy during the day? While driving? Watching TV? At work/school? Sleep is vital to our good health and daily living. Sleeping pills DO NOT provide you with REAL sleep. Behavioral Sleep Medicine (CBT-I) can help you to sleep better, feel healthier and be healthier. CBT-I is a short term therapy which has proven to be extremely effective in resolving insomnia. Learn more now at www.DrRobertMeyers.com and start to sleep better and feel better!
Photo of Robert S Meyers, Psychologist, JD, PsyD
Hosted by Robert S Meyers
Psychologist, JD, PsyD
Group meets in Bayside, NY 11361
Are you having problems falling asleep or staying asleep throughout the night? Waking up unrested? Feeling sleepy during the day? While driving? Watching TV? At work/school? Sleep is vital to our good health and daily living. Sleeping pills DO NOT provide you with REAL sleep. Behavioral Sleep Medicine (CBT-I) can help you to sleep better, feel healthier and be healthier. CBT-I is a short term therapy which has proven to be extremely effective in resolving insomnia. Learn more now at www.DrRobertMeyers.com and start to sleep better and feel better!
(718) 717-8967 View (718) 717-8967
Skills-based cognitive-behavioral group for anxiety. Sessions include techniques for panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety, and other forms of anxiety. Issues like procrastination, self-talk, and self esteem are also addressed. Sessions conducted by Dr. Carmichael and/or a therapist from her practice. Online groups give new privacy options. You choose whether to be visible by sharing video from your computer, or remain anonymous by not sharing video. Please note: Although the group is online, you must be in New York State due to licensing regulations. More information: www.drchloe.com/online-anxiety-group.
Photo of Chloe Carmichael, Psychologist, PhD
Hosted by Chloe Carmichael
Psychologist, PhD
Group meets in New York, NY 10169
Skills-based cognitive-behavioral group for anxiety. Sessions include techniques for panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety, and other forms of anxiety. Issues like procrastination, self-talk, and self esteem are also addressed. Sessions conducted by Dr. Carmichael and/or a therapist from her practice. Online groups give new privacy options. You choose whether to be visible by sharing video from your computer, or remain anonymous by not sharing video. Please note: Although the group is online, you must be in New York State due to licensing regulations. More information: www.drchloe.com/online-anxiety-group.
(212) 729-3922 View (212) 729-3922
An ongoing weekly process and skills group for millennial and GenZ women who are burnt out from dating and ready for a reset on Zoom (NY & FL residents). Participants will learn tools to date with confidence and intention, develop effective skills to manage feelings of fear or loneliness, identify and explore limiting beliefs that are getting in the way and learn what traits to prioritize when dating for a committed relationship. Schedule a free call to learn more!
Photo of Rebecca Marcus, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Hosted by Rebecca Marcus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Group meets in New York, NY 10075
An ongoing weekly process and skills group for millennial and GenZ women who are burnt out from dating and ready for a reset on Zoom (NY & FL residents). Participants will learn tools to date with confidence and intention, develop effective skills to manage feelings of fear or loneliness, identify and explore limiting beliefs that are getting in the way and learn what traits to prioritize when dating for a committed relationship. Schedule a free call to learn more!
(646) 736-7904 View (646) 736-7904
...in which smart, self-aware, creative adult men come together to obliterate social game-playing and talk honestly about every aspect of their lives, support each other, challenge each other, help each other, learn from each other, ask each other for feedback, tell each other the truth, find out how they come across to each other, generally help each other grow...and, in so doing, make the relationships in their lives much more rewarding, and their experiences of being humans on Planet Earth much more fulfilling.
Photo of Tracy Solomon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW, PsyA
Hosted by Tracy Solomon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW, PsyA
Group meets in Brooklyn, NY 11201
...in which smart, self-aware, creative adult men come together to obliterate social game-playing and talk honestly about every aspect of their lives, support each other, challenge each other, help each other, learn from each other, ask each other for feedback, tell each other the truth, find out how they come across to each other, generally help each other grow...and, in so doing, make the relationships in their lives much more rewarding, and their experiences of being humans on Planet Earth much more fulfilling.
(929) 209-2143 View (929) 209-2143
Explore the possibilities of journaling in this 8- week expressive writing group. Through creative prompts and reflective techniques, you'll build self-awareness, gain clarity for important decisions, and deepen your understanding of how thoughts and emotions shape your life. Leave with tools to create a lifelong journaling practice. Group will be held virtually. Please check out my website alexabaz.com for more information.
Photo of Alexa Baz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Hosted by Alexa Baz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Group meets in Brooklyn, NY 11231
Explore the possibilities of journaling in this 8- week expressive writing group. Through creative prompts and reflective techniques, you'll build self-awareness, gain clarity for important decisions, and deepen your understanding of how thoughts and emotions shape your life. Leave with tools to create a lifelong journaling practice. Group will be held virtually. Please check out my website alexabaz.com for more information.
(646) 374-4679 View (646) 374-4679
I have a brand new group that will be forming soon! This group is based off of my unique approach that has been super effective for many, many compulsive gamblers. The great benefit of working in a group is that not only do you get my professional expertise and support, but you can learn a ton from your fellow group members. Also, this service is significantly cheaper than my individual sessions. If interested, please reach out to me soon so I can schedule a brief phone consultation with you.
Photo of Eric Fields - Dr. Eric Fields, Gambling Addiction Specialist, Psychologist, PsyD
Hosted by Dr. Eric Fields, Gambling Addiction Specialist
Psychologist, PsyD
Group meets in New York, NY 10128
I have a brand new group that will be forming soon! This group is based off of my unique approach that has been super effective for many, many compulsive gamblers. The great benefit of working in a group is that not only do you get my professional expertise and support, but you can learn a ton from your fellow group members. Also, this service is significantly cheaper than my individual sessions. If interested, please reach out to me soon so I can schedule a brief phone consultation with you.
(347) 801-7176 View (347) 801-7176
At the Stress Management Workshop you'll master a variety of stress management tools that can be pulled out of your "toolbox" and applied immediately whenever confronted with a stressful situation. Skills learned include recognizing and challenging negative self-talk, overcoming fear, meditation/breathing techniques, assertion training, and time management. Small, upbeat groups meet for 7 Saturdays (dates depend on participant availability.) Join us and start creating the life you were meant to live! Call today to register for our next group. I hope you'll join us!
Photo of Lauren Altchiler, Psychologist, PhD
Hosted by Lauren Altchiler
Psychologist, PhD
Group meets in Merrick, NY 11566
At the Stress Management Workshop you'll master a variety of stress management tools that can be pulled out of your "toolbox" and applied immediately whenever confronted with a stressful situation. Skills learned include recognizing and challenging negative self-talk, overcoming fear, meditation/breathing techniques, assertion training, and time management. Small, upbeat groups meet for 7 Saturdays (dates depend on participant availability.) Join us and start creating the life you were meant to live! Call today to register for our next group. I hope you'll join us!
(631) 513-2921 View (631) 513-2921

See more therapy options for 10009

FAQs - About Group Therapy and Support Groups

How can I find a support group in 10009?

To find a support group in your area, start by entering your city, zip code, or the name of the group into the search bar at the top of the page. When searching, consider whether you prefer an in-person or virtual group. This can help you decide how broad your geographic search should be. If you are open to virtual groups, you might want to search by state instead of just your city, especially if there are limited options nearby.

Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.

How does group therapy work?

Group therapy is led by one or more trained therapists and provides a space where participants can process their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges. Groups may focus on a specific issue—such as addiction, grief, physical illnesses, parenting, or caregiving—or they may center around a particular therapeutic approach, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), social skill development, or Exposure Therapy. Some groups are also designed for specific populations, such as teens, veterans, or LGBTQ+ individuals.

It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.

What are the benefits of group therapy?

Group therapy offers several important benefits. It brings together people facing similar challenges—whether related to mental health, physical health, or life transitions—and creates a supportive environment where participants can exchange feedback, share experiences, and learn from one another. Hearing different perspectives can help individuals discover new coping strategies and practical tools they may not have encountered on their own. Sharing personal experiences, such as coping with a serious illness or navigating family struggles, can also reduce feelings of isolation and foster a sense of connection and understanding. In addition to emotional support, group members often gain useful, real-world advice from peers who have faced similar situations.

Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.

Is group therapy as effective as individual therapy?

It is difficult to make a blanket statement about the effectiveness of support groups, as they vary widely in focus and the conditions they address. However, support groups can be highly valuable in helping individuals gain emotional support and achieve meaningful treatment outcomes. For certain conditions, such as substance use, research has shown that group therapy can be particularly effective—sometimes just as effective as individual therapy—in supporting long-term recovery.

Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.

How much does group therapy cost?

Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy, with sessions typically costing between $50 and $75 each. In comparison, individual therapy can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 or more per session, even with insurance. Some therapists or organizations offer low-cost or free group therapy options, particularly through community centers or nonprofit organizations. In some cases, groups may require payment upfront for a set number of sessions, such as paying for six weekly sessions at the first meeting. However, many providers offer payment plans to help make participation more accessible if this upfront payment is required.

Does insurance cover group therapy?

As with individual therapy, insurance coverage for group therapy varies based on factors such as your specific insurance plan, the purpose of the group, your diagnosis, and whether the group provider is in-network. Many insurance plans cover group therapy sessions that address diagnosable mental health conditions, such as substance use disorders, anxiety, or depression.

However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.

How long does group therapy last?

The length of each group therapy session typically ranges from 45 minutes to two hours, depending on the therapy approach, the group’s goals, and how often the group meets. In some cases, group therapy is part of a larger treatment program, such as an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP), where group sessions complement individual therapy and are scheduled as part of the program’s overall structure.

The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.

What are the limitations of support groups?

Support groups offer many benefits, but they also have certain limitations. Unlike therapy groups, many support groups do not provide formal therapeutic treatment and are not led by licensed mental health professionals. For individuals seeking clinical treatment for specific mental health diagnoses—such as depression, eating disorders, or substance use—individual therapy or group therapy led by a licensed professional may offer more personalized and specialized care.

The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.