Support Groups in 02339

Currently, in-person.
Photo of Michelle Ruprecht - Inspired, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, DBTC, LMHC
Hosted by Inspired
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, DBTC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Hanover, MA 02339
Data shows that DBT is the fastest growing therapeutic approach for many diagnoses and emotional issues. Unlike "therapy as usual", DBT offers real-life, real-time strategies to manage intense emotions. This allows you to track your progress throughout your program. Our Team members have been trained by Behavioral Tech, the institute that created, and remains the front-line DBT authority. Our Team of therapists also has training in other therapeutic models that they are able to weave into your sessions, as needed. Inspired is the result of twenty plus years of serving the community's DBT and emotional healing needs.
(508) 213-9182 View (508) 213-9182
Dialectical Behavior Therapy teaches life skills. This group will help you: be more aware, regulate your emotions, be more effective within relationships and learn to tolerate distress better.
Photo of Treva Gerraughty Sabin-White, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Hosted by Treva Gerraughty Sabin-White
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Group meets in Hanover, MA 02339
I am a clinician with over 25 years of experience helping people reach their personal goals and maximum potential. My proven therapeutic holistic approach, begins with establishing an empathic understanding of you as a person, teaching you to be more aware as you move through life, while you also learn to change the ineffective thoughts and behaviors that are keeping you from the life or results you want. I have worked successfully with individuals, couples and families with depression, anxiety, trauma, serious illness, suicidal ideation and self harming behaviors. If you've been disappointed with therapy in the past give me a try.
(781) 328-1397 View (781) 328-1397
In-person and virtual groups available.
Photo of Michelle Ruprecht - Inspired, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, DBTC, LMHC
Hosted by Inspired
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, DBTC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Hanover, MA 02339
Data shows that DBT is the fastest growing therapeutic approach for many diagnoses and emotional issues. Unlike "therapy as usual", DBT offers real-life, real-time strategies to manage intense emotions. This allows you to track your progress throughout your program. Our Team members have been trained by Behavioral Tech, the institute that created, and remains the front-line DBT authority. Our Team of therapists also has training in other therapeutic models that they are able to weave into your sessions, as needed. Inspired is the result of twenty plus years of serving the community's DBT and emotional healing needs.
(508) 213-9182 View (508) 213-9182
Dialectical Behavior Therapy teaches life skills. This group will help you be more aware, be more effective within your relationships, learn to regulate emotions and learn to tolerate distress better.
Photo of Treva Gerraughty Sabin-White, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Hosted by Treva Gerraughty Sabin-White
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Group meets in Hanover, MA 02339
I am a clinician with over 25 years of experience helping people reach their personal goals and maximum potential. My proven therapeutic holistic approach, begins with establishing an empathic understanding of you as a person, teaching you to be more aware as you move through life, while you also learn to change the ineffective thoughts and behaviors that are keeping you from the life or results you want. I have worked successfully with individuals, couples and families with depression, anxiety, trauma, serious illness, suicidal ideation and self harming behaviors. If you've been disappointed with therapy in the past give me a try.
(781) 328-1397 View (781) 328-1397

More Groups Nearby

Join us for groups in the evenings for lgbt+ young adults! Virtually for now!
Photo of Jay Nakhai, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Hosted by Jay Nakhai
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Group meets in Lynn, MA 01902
I am the founding executive director/owner of Aeon Counseling & Consulting, a company that empowers individuals and organizations to achieve their missions. I have nurtured my clinical practice independently with Spanish speaking populations for more than a decade and I believe in an approach that is ruthlessly compassionate.
(781) 516-6351 View (781) 516-6351
This is an interpersonal, ongoing group for people who are interested in harm reduction, controlled alcohol use, moderation or abstinence. There are two separate groups running concurrently. Moderation of WEED is included. Address core issues such as loneliness, anxiety, grief, perfectionism, as well as drinking behavior. Are they related?. Some psychoeducation . Minimum commitment 8 weeks $50/session. or $400. Initial consult free phone, $175 Zoom Intake if more time is needed (adjustments possible.) Can be reimbursable.
Photo of Rivkah Lapidus, Counselor, PhD, LMHC, CGP
Hosted by Rivkah Lapidus
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, CGP
Verified Verified
Group meets in Somerville, MA 02144
I have been worked in various capacities in the behavioral health and substance use fields since the mid 1980s, and have been in private practice for over 20 of those years. I bring a humanistic, dynamic perspective to a field overrun by the medical model. You are more than a diagnosis! I work with creative people, perfectionists, harsh self-critics and life stage concerns, ; with singles, couples & groups. I have expertise in helping people recognize problematic substance use, with Harm Reduction as a philosophical approach. .
(617) 612-5619 View (617) 612-5619
Our in-person Cambridge grief group is a safe place to process grief and connect with others who understand. Research shows that addressing grief during young adulthood is crucial for lifelong emotional wellbeing, helping prevent the prolonged pain that can come from unprocessed loss. Past participants consistently share how meaningful it's been to find understanding and support during this chapter of life. Our ongoing group is starting a new round soon. More details can be found at www.1awellness.com/groups-and-workshops/
Photo of Dr. Brittany Sterling, Psychologist, PhD
Hosted by Dr. Brittany Sterling
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Group meets in Cambridge, MA 02138
I help recovering people-pleasers, those untangling from toxic relationships, and neurodivergent individuals who feel out of sync with the world find clarity and confidence. Whether you're struggling to set boundaries, breaking free from old patterns, or navigating parent-teen challenges, you don’t have to figure it out alone. I offer a supportive space to understand your mind, heal from past wounds, and build relationships that feel good to you.
(978) 924-8839 View (978) 924-8839
Leading Light Behavioral Health (LLBH) is a private practice located in Brockton, Massachusetts. LLBH has identified itself as a teaching practice, it signifies the organization’s commitment to education, mentorship, and professional development within the mental health field. As a teaching practice, Leading Light Behavioral Health likely focuses on providing a robust learning environment for students, interns, and trainees.
Photo of Leah Huling, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MA
Hosted by Leah Huling
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MA
Verified Verified
Group meets in Brockton, MA 02301
I am a driven and compassionate Master’s student, as well as a Clinical Intern at Leading Light Behavioral Health. With an unwavering passion for understanding the human mind and a strong desire to make a positive impact in the mental health field, I bring a wealth of academic knowledge and practical experience to my role. I hold a Master of Arts in Psychology and am currently pursuing a Master’s in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from William James College. I have specific interest in couples and family therapy, as well as an individual’s ability to endure and cope with trauma, anxiety, and depression.
(508) 297-7132 View (508) 297-7132
This is a support group for children whose parents are divorced or separated.
Photo of Kalyani Seth, Counselor, MA, CAGS, LMHC
Hosted by Kalyani Seth
Counselor, MA, CAGS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Lexington, MA 02421
Accepting new referrals! I could list all my accomplishments from the past 30 years, but that wouldn't give you a true sense of my style or beliefs. What I can share in this brief introduction is my passion for working with people. I strive to empathize, be respectful, and remain non judgemental. We all face worries, stresses, and challenges daily, and we all need someone who listens and understands. While family and friends can provide wonderful support, talking to someone with professional expertise and an outside perspective can be incredibly beneficial.
(339) 220-5114 View (339) 220-5114
We live and work in groups. Our group experiences are influenced by dynamics operating below the surface. Are you interested in uncovering group dynamics and speaking to your experiences so you can take charge/take up your authority? We often neglect our own authority by not speaking to our experiences - our thoughts, feelings, sensations, and desires. Silencing our experiences in role can manifest as body aches, burnout, and frustration. Register at www.leadershipgrc.com for our 5-day group with all-inclusive lodging and meals. Learn to obtain a deeper level of healthy engagement, clarity, and leadership in relationships by speaking to your experiences.
Photo of Sheri-Ann Cowie, Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Hosted by Sheri-Ann Cowie
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
Group meets in Dover, MA 02030
My clients want to succeed. I explore how they take up their authority/take charge in their personal/professional lives by encouraging them to observe/speak to their experiences – their emotions, body sensations, thoughts and desires – that come to mind. I invite them into an immersive process of noticing our interactions and dynamics that operate below the surface. Lifting these dynamics/patterns to the surface can help clients identify and express how they lose their voice, create rigid or loose boundaries to protect themselves from painful emotions, get stuck in unfulfilling patterns/roles, and have difficulty completing tasks.
(267) 329-0328 View (267) 329-0328
Group therapy focuses on interpersonal relationships. It provides opportunities for members to learn with and from one another, to understand one’s patterns of thoughts and behaviors, as well as those of others and to better understand how people react to one another. Group therapy can help people feel less alone, less different, more connected and better understood. Women face particular challenges in our culture and women’s groups can provide a safe space in which to talk about these challenges.
Photo of Kim McNamara, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Hosted by Kim McNamara
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Group meets in Winchester, MA 01890
Life is complicated - and it can feel overwhelming and stressful at times. We each have our own unique strengths and vulnerabilities. In my over 30 years as a psychotherapist, I have greatly enjoyed helping adults and adolescents build on their strengths, manage their vulnerabilities and make their lives feel less difficult, more satisfying and more meaningful. Psychotherapy can help with feelings of sadness, anxiety, disconnection and self-doubt. Having a place where you feel listened to and understood leads to greater self-awareness, more fulfilling relationships and a more connected and satisfying life.
(617) 431-2356 View (617) 431-2356
8-week, psychoeducational & interactive group for adults. Members will increase their knowledge of: Alcohol Abuse & Dependence; Problematic behavior related to your drinking; Ways to assess and monitor your drinking patterns; Understanding what your patterns of alcohol use tell you; Interventions to help reach your goals. Most insurances accepted. Abstinence is not required.
Photo of Amanda Wells - Amanda Wells Accepting New Clients , Counselor, LMHC
Hosted by Amanda Wells Accepting New Clients
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Watertown, MA 02472
A willingness to be vulnerable is a sign of courage, an indicator of resilience, and a component of readiness. You being here tells me that. What happens now is unique; the therapeutic relationship between client and therapist. It's a safe space to explore, challenge, and reflect, while alongside someone who specializes in the ability to help navigate it. I tend to introduce different therapeutic approaches, paying attention to how you respond, as a way of tailoring your treatment. I believe in the enhancement of self-acceptance as a foundational component for personal growth and improved quality of life.
(617) 993-0404 View (617) 993-0404
This is a virtual 8-week group teaching both mindfulness and self-compassion meditations. It also offers psycho-education based in cutting edge science about the effects of meditation and includes additional exercises from mindfulness based psychotherapies. Participants can expect to deepen/develop a meditation practice and work in mindfulness based psychotherapies such as Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) and Internal Family Systems (IFS). This is a great way to see if IFS, CFT or meditation is a good fit for you or deepen your work in any of these areas. I look forward to hearing from you!
Photo of Dr. Adam James Gladstone, Psychologist, PsyD
Hosted by Dr. Adam James Gladstone
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Group meets in Boston, MA 02108
I offer holistic & evidenced-based psychotherapy services informed by Internal Family Systems, Mindfulness and Psychodynamic Psychotherapy. Together we would help you build a more authentic relationship to yourself by cultivating greater self-acceptance and self-compassion. In freeing yourself of inner conflicts, you can shed symptoms/psychological suffering and embrace a fuller life that is more in touch with your personal values. To help build a healing relationship with you, I will carefully consider your social/cultural background and how it has shaped both your strengths and struggles.
(857) 401-8910 View (857) 401-8910
Childhood trauma is defined as "not good enough" parenting, from overt harm to subtle neglect. Our childhood experiences continue to run us as adults. Research shows that trauma is held in the body, and experiential and relational work is necessary to change this early programming. Amanda Curtin, the groups founder, has developed a step-by step process with concrete tools and exercises that allow deeper change and re-programming to occur. This group is lead by Judith Prebluda. Please see my website for details, and call for a free interview.
Photo of Judith F Prebluda, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Hosted by Judith F Prebluda
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Cambridge, MA 02140
Openings available for Individuals. Welcome. With warmth, clarity and compassion, I offer help to people suffering from "Wounds of the Heart and Mind": Trauma, Depression, Anxiety, neglect and relationship issues, in both groups and individual. With many years experience in both traditional and mind/body approaches, I integrate Relational Attachment work, Buddhist psychology, Childhood Trauma healing groups and energy medicine practices . I believe that along with real pain and suffering, everyone has a potential healthy Self; often obscured or undeveloped. We can build, hold and nurture that together.
(207) 263-0910 View (207) 263-0910
Our founders, Ainat Rogel (PHD, MSW, BCN, LICSW) and Diana Martinez (MD, PHD, LMCH, BCN), met while working with Bessel van der Kold at the Trauma Center in Brookline. Driven by the desire to help clients, conduct research, and train other professionals, Ainat and Diana decided to open their own neurofeedback center. In May 2018, their vision of offering holistic and personalized clinical services, conducting research, and educating both clients & clinicians—all the while maintaining the highest professional and ethical standards—came true, and Boston NeuroDynamics was opened.
Photo of Ainat Rogel - Boston NeuroDynamics, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, LICSW, BCN
Hosted by Boston NeuroDynamics
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, MSW, LICSW, BCN
Verified Verified
Group meets in Brookline, MA 02446
Our mission is to support our patients with mental or neurological disorders from the initial diagnostic to the end of the intervention, offering them state of the art technology to evaluate and treat the brain with integrative modalities. Our services use different techniques aimed to modulate neural functions for the purpose of improving brain function.  Our highly qualified and experienced clinical staff offers the human treatment that every patient looks for in their recovery. We listen and care; our goal is to improve our patients quality of life.
(857) 353-6740 View (857) 353-6740
Photo of Michelle Tirella Ventura, Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, MA, LMFT
Hosted by Michelle Tirella Ventura
Marriage & Family Therapist, MEd, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Group meets in Plymouth, MA 02360
(781) 217-3673 View (781) 217-3673
8 week session, Fridays 6:15-7PM. March 7th-April 25th. Teens will engage in discussions and activities that focus on self-esteem, stress management, and building healthy coping strategies for navigating school, friendships, and family dynamics. It’s a space where teens can feel understood and supported by both their peers and the group leader.
Photo of Alyssa Goff, Counselor, LMHC, R-DMT
Hosted by Alyssa Goff
Counselor, LMHC, R-DMT
Verified Verified
Group meets in Medway, MA 02053
I specialize in working with children and teens, and women who have experienced anxiety and mood disorders related to pregnancy, childbirth, and coping with the postpartum experience. I have a unique expertise in treating individuals on the autism spectrum, and those with ADHD, OCD, and trichotillomania diagnoses. Many people seek treatment with me since I utilize exposure and response prevention therapy (ERP). I use play therapy, expressive arts, and sand tray therapy when working with children. With adults, I integrate art, breathwork, mindfulness and mind-body connection approaches into traditional talk therapy treatment.
(508) 619-1485 View (508) 619-1485
This is an opportunity to become an original member in a young adult group (ages 17-25). This group is designed for young adults who would like to gain a better understanding of theirself in a social context and develop the self-confidence to build meaningful relationships. The focus of the group will be on here-and-now interactions. The group acts as a microcosm, where the patterns of how individuals relate to people outside of the group are recreated inside the group. As a facilitator, my role is create a space where everyone can be heard and understood.
Photo of Paul Sawyer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Hosted by Paul Sawyer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Group meets in Newton, MA 02461
I am a licensed therapist who works with individuals and couples of all ages and various presenting concerns. I work with individuals with mental health challenges, addictive behavior, or life-transitional issues (e.g. beginning high school/college, launching into adulthood, managing relationships, grief/loss, etc.). I help couples get to a place of connection where each partner feels heard, understood, and loved by the other. No matter what circumstances led us to where we are today, I believe that we all have the potential to be happy and content.
(774) 425-7652 View (774) 425-7652
***Anger Management evaluations 781-366-0292 are conducted by Certified Anger Management Specialists who understands the proper steps to avoiding triggers and how to properly use coping mechanisms. You may be required to complete an anger management evaluation by your probation officer. During the evaluation, we cover your family and abuse history, current and previous charges, demeanor, state and trait anger expression, and anger management skills. If you are in need of the evaluation paperwork the same-day, the evaluation is subject to a $50 rush fee.
Photo of Guan Ellerbe - Mental Health Evaluations , Counselor, LSW, LMHC, PsyD
Hosted by Mental Health Evaluations
Counselor, LSW, LMHC, PsyD
Verified Verified
Group meets in Brockton, MA 02301
If you're feeling lost or stuck because of personal issues, trauma, or feelings of depression and anxiety, it's possible to find your way out and get back to feeling good. It might seem overwhelming, but that's precisely why you seek help. We'll work together to create a plan that helps you move forward toward a happier and more successful life. We'll tackle your problems so you can move past them confidently and start heading in a new, positive direction. By looking closely at what you're struggling with, why it's happening, and
(508) 379-3056 View (508) 379-3056
Evidence-based approach combining therapeutic music and meditation to reduce anxiety and depression. Research shows that music enhances emotional regulation, deepens relaxation, and supports mindfulness, promoting long-term stress relief. Basel, a professional musician trained in Arabic Maqam healing, guides participants through Maqam (quarter-tone system) Taqaseem (improvised music), creating a reflective, calming experience. Modal music like Maqam lowers cortisol levels and improves emotional well-being. This approach offers an engaging alternative for those struggling with traditional meditation by providing a soothing auditory focus. Email us to join the next sequence and begin your journey toward healing and emotional balance.
Photo of Basel Zayed - Basel Zayed, Psychotherapy Practice, Counselor, MS, MA, LMHC, MT-BC
Hosted by Basel Zayed, Psychotherapy Practice
Counselor, MS, MA, LMHC, MT-BC
Verified Verified
Group meets in Arlington, MA 02476
Welcome to Basel Zayed's Psychotherapy Practice in Arlington, MA! As an experienced group of therapists, we specialize in creating warm and caring therapeutic relationships. Whether you're exploring challenges, seeking personal growth, or desiring a deeper understanding of yourself, we are here to support you on your journey to wellness and self-discovery. Our approach is grounded in evidence-based methods, ensuring our collaboration aligns with the latest psychological insights. Our team prioritizes creating a safe and non-judgmental space for individuals searching for a therapist who values a holistic and collaborative approach.
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FAQs - About Group Therapy and Support Groups

How can I find a support group in 02339?

To find a support group in your area, start by entering your city, zip code, or the name of the group into the search bar at the top of the page. When searching, consider whether you prefer an in-person or virtual group. This can help you decide how broad your geographic search should be. If you are open to virtual groups, you might want to search by state instead of just your city, especially if there are limited options nearby.

Once you complete your search, you can use the filters to narrow the results by selecting specialties (such as grief, trauma, or eating disorders), therapeutic approaches, age groups, and other criteria to find a group that best fits your needs.

How does group therapy work?

Group therapy is led by one or more trained therapists and provides a space where participants can process their experiences and learn from others facing similar challenges. Groups may focus on a specific issue—such as addiction, grief, physical illnesses, parenting, or caregiving—or they may center around a particular therapeutic approach, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), social skill development, or Exposure Therapy. Some groups are also designed for specific populations, such as teens, veterans, or LGBTQ+ individuals.

It’s also important to distinguish group therapy from peer-led support groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous. While both can offer valuable support, therapy groups are typically led by licensed professionals and follow a more structured format. Therapy groups often meet for a fixed length of time with a consistent group of members, while many peer support groups meet for an indefinite period of time with members coming and going.

What are the benefits of group therapy?

Group therapy offers several important benefits. It brings together people facing similar challenges—whether related to mental health, physical health, or life transitions—and creates a supportive environment where participants can exchange feedback, share experiences, and learn from one another. Hearing different perspectives can help individuals discover new coping strategies and practical tools they may not have encountered on their own. Sharing personal experiences, such as coping with a serious illness or navigating family struggles, can also reduce feelings of isolation and foster a sense of connection and understanding. In addition to emotional support, group members often gain useful, real-world advice from peers who have faced similar situations.

Group therapy is typically more affordable than individual therapy and, for certain conditions, can be equally effective. Many groups also include structured activities—such as guided journaling, cognitive-behavioral exercises, or role-playing—to help participants develop concrete skills they can apply in daily life.

Is group therapy as effective as individual therapy?

It is difficult to make a blanket statement about the effectiveness of support groups, as they vary widely in focus and the conditions they address. However, support groups can be highly valuable in helping individuals gain emotional support and achieve meaningful treatment outcomes. For certain conditions, such as substance use, research has shown that group therapy can be particularly effective—sometimes just as effective as individual therapy—in supporting long-term recovery.

Many professionals attribute the effectiveness of group therapy to the unique benefits of the group setting, which fosters peer-to-peer learning and a sense of connection through shared experiences. Group settings also offer accountability and encouragement from both facilitators and fellow participants, which helps sustain motivation and supports continued progress. These factors together play a key role in promoting the overall effectiveness of group therapy.

How much does group therapy cost?

Group therapy is typically less expensive than individual therapy, with sessions typically costing between $50 and $75 each. In comparison, individual therapy can cost anywhere from $100 to $200 or more per session, even with insurance. Some therapists or organizations offer low-cost or free group therapy options, particularly through community centers or nonprofit organizations. In some cases, groups may require payment upfront for a set number of sessions, such as paying for six weekly sessions at the first meeting. However, many providers offer payment plans to help make participation more accessible if this upfront payment is required.

Does insurance cover group therapy?

As with individual therapy, insurance coverage for group therapy varies based on factors such as your specific insurance plan, the purpose of the group, your diagnosis, and whether the group provider is in-network. Many insurance plans cover group therapy sessions that address diagnosable mental health conditions, such as substance use disorders, anxiety, or depression.

However, groups that focus on topics not directly tied to a mental health diagnosis—such as parenting support or divorce recovery—are less likely to be covered. Because coverage can vary widely, it’s important to check with your insurance provider before joining a group to confirm whether the sessions will be covered and what out-of-pocket costs you may be responsible for.

How long does group therapy last?

The length of each group therapy session typically ranges from 45 minutes to two hours, depending on the therapy approach, the group’s goals, and how often the group meets. In some cases, group therapy is part of a larger treatment program, such as an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP), where group sessions complement individual therapy and are scheduled as part of the program’s overall structure.

The duration of participation in a group also varies. Some groups are designed to be short-term, lasting anywhere from 6 to 24 weeks—for example, bereavement groups or skills-based groups like those using Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). Other groups may be longer-term, lasting a year or more, and some ongoing support groups meet indefinitely, allowing participants to stay as long as they find the group helpful.

What are the limitations of support groups?

Support groups offer many benefits, but they also have certain limitations. Unlike therapy groups, many support groups do not provide formal therapeutic treatment and are not led by licensed mental health professionals. For individuals seeking clinical treatment for specific mental health diagnoses—such as depression, eating disorders, or substance use—individual therapy or group therapy led by a licensed professional may offer more personalized and specialized care.

The effectiveness of a support group also depends heavily on the group’s participants and the overall group dynamic. When members engage respectfully and offer constructive support, the group can foster valuable peer-to-peer learning. However, if certain participants dominate discussions, provide inaccurate advice, or create conflict, it can disrupt the group’s sense of safety and reduce its effectiveness. Confidentiality can also be harder to maintain in support groups, particularly in open groups where participants can join or leave at any time. With new members regularly entering the group, it can be more difficult to build and sustain a consistent sense of trust and privacy.