Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

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Photo of Sex Addiction & Parenting: Betrayal In Families in Los Angeles, CA
Sex Addiction & Parenting: Betrayal In Families
LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90064
Families are greatly impacted by betrayal, infidelity and sex addiction. As parents struggle to orient themselves to a new reality in the face of betrayal, it can be overwhelming and painful for a parent to recognize the immediate and future impact on their children. Well meaning parents can unintentionally make serious mistakes in managing the family during this painful and confusing time. You may have questions at this time such as “How is the tension in the household affecting our child?" and “Is our child internalizing emotional pain that we can't see?”
Families are greatly impacted by betrayal, infidelity and sex addiction. As parents struggle to orient themselves to a new reality in the face of betrayal, it can be overwhelming and painful for a parent to recognize the immediate and future impact on their children. Well meaning parents can unintentionally make serious mistakes in managing the family during this painful and confusing time. You may have questions at this time such as “How is the tension in the household affecting our child?" and “Is our child internalizing emotional pain that we can't see?”
(213) 397-2306 View (213) 397-2306
Photo of Maricsa S Evans, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Maricsa S Evans
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90047
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist eager to collaborate with other mental health professionals to provide comprehensive and holistic treatment to clients struggling with pervasive disorders. I have extensive experience working with adults and Transitional Age Youth. I currently work with children in the age group 0-15 with their families. I have demonstrated skills in creating and implementing effective and individualized treatment plans and over 6 years of experience with Department of Mental Health standards and paperwork. In addition, I have foundational coursework and training in Cognitive-Behavioral and Dialectical Behavior Therapy.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist eager to collaborate with other mental health professionals to provide comprehensive and holistic treatment to clients struggling with pervasive disorders. I have extensive experience working with adults and Transitional Age Youth. I currently work with children in the age group 0-15 with their families. I have demonstrated skills in creating and implementing effective and individualized treatment plans and over 6 years of experience with Department of Mental Health standards and paperwork. In addition, I have foundational coursework and training in Cognitive-Behavioral and Dialectical Behavior Therapy.
(310) 945-2227 View (310) 945-2227
Photo of Sasha Khalili, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Sasha Khalili
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90066
Therapy can hold a space of exploring where our inner observer is hiding and how we can pull their reaching hand through the unconscious rubble. Where we can point to elements in our self dialogue that fuel our dissatisfaction. Where we can feel the emotions that are in cohesion with our experience. This is where change lies and where we as an alliance can help facilitate a life you've been waiting to embark on. Whether it is addiction, familial conflict, identity disarray, lack of passion, anxiety spirals. depressive bruising, or relationship chaos, I offer you the space where we can combat these psychic tensions, together.
Therapy can hold a space of exploring where our inner observer is hiding and how we can pull their reaching hand through the unconscious rubble. Where we can point to elements in our self dialogue that fuel our dissatisfaction. Where we can feel the emotions that are in cohesion with our experience. This is where change lies and where we as an alliance can help facilitate a life you've been waiting to embark on. Whether it is addiction, familial conflict, identity disarray, lack of passion, anxiety spirals. depressive bruising, or relationship chaos, I offer you the space where we can combat these psychic tensions, together.
(310) 956-1435 View (310) 956-1435
Photo of Ana Koh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Ana Koh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90071  (Online Only)
Hello, I am so happy you are here! My name is Ana, and I am a bilingual Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California. I have experience working with, Teens, and adults. I have extensive experience with diverse populations in medical, group and community settings.
Hello, I am so happy you are here! My name is Ana, and I am a bilingual Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California. I have experience working with, Teens, and adults. I have extensive experience with diverse populations in medical, group and community settings.
(562) 620-4342 View (562) 620-4342
Photo of William Lee, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
William Lee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90071  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm William, and I help parents work on the hard stuff so they can be the parents they want to be. I provide parents a space dedicated to their parenthood. Whether you are a new parent, realizing you are like your parent, want a better relationship with your child, want to work through anger and resentment or just want to figure some things out - I am here to help you be the parent you want to be.
Hi! I'm William, and I help parents work on the hard stuff so they can be the parents they want to be. I provide parents a space dedicated to their parenthood. Whether you are a new parent, realizing you are like your parent, want a better relationship with your child, want to work through anger and resentment or just want to figure some things out - I am here to help you be the parent you want to be.
(562) 784-4479 View (562) 784-4479
Photo of Gitu Bhatia, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Gitu Bhatia
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90049
As a cognitive-behavioral therapist, I believe that people's emotions and behaviors are influenced by their perceptions and interpretation of events. I work collaboratively with my clients in a proactive manner in order for them to learn effective strategies that they can use for the rest of their lives. I also believe that we are influenced by the cultural context in which we grow up. All relationships are, to some extent, are contextual and intercultural. People often face new challenges as they go through transitions in their lives. I bring my life experiences and professional knowledge to therapy.
As a cognitive-behavioral therapist, I believe that people's emotions and behaviors are influenced by their perceptions and interpretation of events. I work collaboratively with my clients in a proactive manner in order for them to learn effective strategies that they can use for the rest of their lives. I also believe that we are influenced by the cultural context in which we grow up. All relationships are, to some extent, are contextual and intercultural. People often face new challenges as they go through transitions in their lives. I bring my life experiences and professional knowledge to therapy.
(424) 256-1535 View (424) 256-1535
Photo of Dr. Mollie Rothseid, Associate Clinical Social Worker in Los Angeles, CA
Dr. Mollie Rothseid
Associate Clinical Social Worker, PhD, MSW, ASW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90064
We all have times in life where we find ourselves presented us with challenges that can feel overwhelming. As a gerontologist and clinical social worker, I specialize in working with dementia, Alzheimer's, grief, chronic illness, and the complexities of aging. I warmly welcome individuals of all ages and backgrounds. Whether you're a parent with a child dealing with school-related stress, an adult navigating life's transitions, or an older adult coping with the intricacies of aging, I'm here to provide a safe and welcoming environment where your experiences are valued with compassion and acceptance.
We all have times in life where we find ourselves presented us with challenges that can feel overwhelming. As a gerontologist and clinical social worker, I specialize in working with dementia, Alzheimer's, grief, chronic illness, and the complexities of aging. I warmly welcome individuals of all ages and backgrounds. Whether you're a parent with a child dealing with school-related stress, an adult navigating life's transitions, or an older adult coping with the intricacies of aging, I'm here to provide a safe and welcoming environment where your experiences are valued with compassion and acceptance.
(310) 504-6953 View (310) 504-6953
Photo of Brett McGillivray, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Brett McGillivray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90059
I am Brett McGillivray, LCSW. In summary, i have been an LCSW since 2005, and have a variety of clinical and life experiences to meet you where you are, assess your needs and create a treatment plan for you. I am empathic, direct and supportive. My approach to therapy varies based on the needs of each client I work with. I most frequently use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing as these modalities help me and the client develop a shared understanding of their current reality and allow us to work together to build a path forward.
I am Brett McGillivray, LCSW. In summary, i have been an LCSW since 2005, and have a variety of clinical and life experiences to meet you where you are, assess your needs and create a treatment plan for you. I am empathic, direct and supportive. My approach to therapy varies based on the needs of each client I work with. I most frequently use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing as these modalities help me and the client develop a shared understanding of their current reality and allow us to work together to build a path forward.
(213) 784-9367 View (213) 784-9367
Photo of Monica Taylor Dessert, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Monica Taylor Dessert
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025
In life there is pain. Painful experiences growing up that stay inside and manifest in our everyday behavior and internal struggles. In my work, whether the person is a child, teen, young adult, parent, or woman, I aim to provide a space of compassion and safety from which to understand the world around us (relationships, school, work, friendships) and the internal world within us (thoughts, emotions, pain, discomfort). The goal in my work is to help you/your child get in touch with, tune in, and understand themselves; in particular thoughts and feelings.
In life there is pain. Painful experiences growing up that stay inside and manifest in our everyday behavior and internal struggles. In my work, whether the person is a child, teen, young adult, parent, or woman, I aim to provide a space of compassion and safety from which to understand the world around us (relationships, school, work, friendships) and the internal world within us (thoughts, emotions, pain, discomfort). The goal in my work is to help you/your child get in touch with, tune in, and understand themselves; in particular thoughts and feelings.
(310) 971-9145 View (310) 971-9145
Photo of Nami Tefera, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Nami Tefera
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MS
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
Therapy is an intimate collaboration in self-discovery, problem solving, and empowerment. By creating a consistent safe space, I aim to cultivate a meaningful therapeutic relationship with my clients where they feel comfortable and supported. This allows us to collaboratively create tailored solutions for symptom relief & personal growth. I appreciate serving folks who deal with anxiety, depression, grief, life transitions, and intergenerational trauma. I work with my clients to uncover how patterns of past unresolved conflict may be unconsciously repeated and disruptive to their current well-being and interpersonal relationships.
Therapy is an intimate collaboration in self-discovery, problem solving, and empowerment. By creating a consistent safe space, I aim to cultivate a meaningful therapeutic relationship with my clients where they feel comfortable and supported. This allows us to collaboratively create tailored solutions for symptom relief & personal growth. I appreciate serving folks who deal with anxiety, depression, grief, life transitions, and intergenerational trauma. I work with my clients to uncover how patterns of past unresolved conflict may be unconsciously repeated and disruptive to their current well-being and interpersonal relationships.
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Photo of Dr. Aaron Smith, Psychologist in Los Angeles, CA
Dr. Aaron Smith
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90024  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with expertise in providing psychotherapy to adults and their families. I have provided treatment and conducted evaluations for individuals in clinical settings from private practices, to hospitals, to community health centers. I have a true passion for working with clients from diverse cultural backgrounds and values cultural awareness in a therapeutic setting. I empower individuals to enhance their lives through the application of evidence-based therapeutic models and relational support.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with expertise in providing psychotherapy to adults and their families. I have provided treatment and conducted evaluations for individuals in clinical settings from private practices, to hospitals, to community health centers. I have a true passion for working with clients from diverse cultural backgrounds and values cultural awareness in a therapeutic setting. I empower individuals to enhance their lives through the application of evidence-based therapeutic models and relational support.
(424) 477-3608 View (424) 477-3608
Photo of Lauren Blalock, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Lauren Blalock
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90004
Are you struggling with a traumatic experience, unsure how to resolve its effect on your life? Looking to improve a relationship? Maybe, you’re experiencing codependency, or narcissistic abuse, and making sense of it all seems overwhelming. Have you noticed an increase in anxiety? Or perhaps, you simply want to make a change, so you're exploring why you think and behave as you do. People seek therapy for many reasons, but almost everyone does so to relieve some kind of pain. I believe relief and healing can be found through our work together, so you can experience your more ideal life.
Are you struggling with a traumatic experience, unsure how to resolve its effect on your life? Looking to improve a relationship? Maybe, you’re experiencing codependency, or narcissistic abuse, and making sense of it all seems overwhelming. Have you noticed an increase in anxiety? Or perhaps, you simply want to make a change, so you're exploring why you think and behave as you do. People seek therapy for many reasons, but almost everyone does so to relieve some kind of pain. I believe relief and healing can be found through our work together, so you can experience your more ideal life.
(213) 277-6395 View (213) 277-6395
Photo of Arthur Sabian, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Los Angeles, CA
Arthur Sabian
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90069  (Online Only)
Are you feeling overwhelmed or stuck in life, struggling to start your day? Does nothing make sense? Or do you see the world through a lens in which you see no point? Then welcome to my practice, you deserve a trusting relationship based on support, authenticity, compassion, and a deep respect no matter who you are or the pain you have.
Are you feeling overwhelmed or stuck in life, struggling to start your day? Does nothing make sense? Or do you see the world through a lens in which you see no point? Then welcome to my practice, you deserve a trusting relationship based on support, authenticity, compassion, and a deep respect no matter who you are or the pain you have.
(424) 397-1155 View (424) 397-1155
Photo of John Arlotto, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
John Arlotto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCATP, CCTHP
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90066  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Thank you for taking the time to review my profile. Please call me John. I'm a licensed therapist, EMDR trauma specialist, and researcher with over 14 years of experience helping clients live happier and healthier lives. I have successfully assisted a wide variety of people to heal the traumatic wounds of the past and unlock the limitless potential of the future. What is EMDR more specifically? Here is a helpful YouTube video: youtu.be/hYy2NBXkPSo
Thank you for taking the time to review my profile. Please call me John. I'm a licensed therapist, EMDR trauma specialist, and researcher with over 14 years of experience helping clients live happier and healthier lives. I have successfully assisted a wide variety of people to heal the traumatic wounds of the past and unlock the limitless potential of the future. What is EMDR more specifically? Here is a helpful YouTube video: youtu.be/hYy2NBXkPSo
(310) 706-2927 View (310) 706-2927
Photo of Craig Cassidy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Craig Cassidy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, CSAT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025  (Online Only)
Healing our patterns of emotional hurt and addictive habits to create a life of freedom and intimacy is the greatest journey we can take in our lives. This process requires insight, courage, compassion and resiliency to start the climb towards self acceptance. Craig Cassidy, Licensed Marriage Family Therapist and Certified Sex Addiction Therapist, is skilled in Psychodynamic, Attachment, Trauma and Addiction therapy to assist you in attaining the life you aspire—a life free from the shackles of trauma that keeps us from the joys of authentic expression.
Healing our patterns of emotional hurt and addictive habits to create a life of freedom and intimacy is the greatest journey we can take in our lives. This process requires insight, courage, compassion and resiliency to start the climb towards self acceptance. Craig Cassidy, Licensed Marriage Family Therapist and Certified Sex Addiction Therapist, is skilled in Psychodynamic, Attachment, Trauma and Addiction therapy to assist you in attaining the life you aspire—a life free from the shackles of trauma that keeps us from the joys of authentic expression.
(310) 439-5195 View (310) 439-5195
Photo of Imuri Pacheco, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Imuri Pacheco
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90042  (Online Only)
In a world fixated on productivity, I intend to offer a nurturing sanctuary where you can simply exist. Therapy should wholeheartedly embrace your unique individuality and diversity, moving at the pace of your inner world. Together, we'll curiously delve into the various facets of your being, working harmoniously for your overall well-being, while also embracing the value of simply being who you are in this moment. With utmost care and patience, we seek to earn the trust of your internal system, allowing you to step into self-leadership and, ultimately, to lead a more fulfilling and purposeful life.
In a world fixated on productivity, I intend to offer a nurturing sanctuary where you can simply exist. Therapy should wholeheartedly embrace your unique individuality and diversity, moving at the pace of your inner world. Together, we'll curiously delve into the various facets of your being, working harmoniously for your overall well-being, while also embracing the value of simply being who you are in this moment. With utmost care and patience, we seek to earn the trust of your internal system, allowing you to step into self-leadership and, ultimately, to lead a more fulfilling and purposeful life.
(213) 513-7331 View (213) 513-7331
Photo of Angela Romero, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Angela Romero
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90066
With all the therapists out there, choosing one can be overwhelming. Knowing how I conduct therapy and what values and beliefs fuel each session is essential. I believe that people are inherently capable of achieving their innermost desires and naturally want to evolve and heal. Sometimes, we face challenges that make us feel like things are impossible, but feelings don't constitute Truth. My job as your therapist is to guide you toward actualizing the inner strengths that you already have while teaching you new skills so you can live the best version of yourself.
With all the therapists out there, choosing one can be overwhelming. Knowing how I conduct therapy and what values and beliefs fuel each session is essential. I believe that people are inherently capable of achieving their innermost desires and naturally want to evolve and heal. Sometimes, we face challenges that make us feel like things are impossible, but feelings don't constitute Truth. My job as your therapist is to guide you toward actualizing the inner strengths that you already have while teaching you new skills so you can live the best version of yourself.
(310) 361-8071 View (310) 361-8071
Photo of Gisele Terry, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Gisele Terry
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Not accepting new clients
I work with individuals, couples and families in a variety of modalities. Clients benefit from therapy that is tailored to their unique needs and I believe that, with my experience in both long term and short term treatment, with in depth orientations and behavioral interventions, there is an approach that is just right for every client.
I work with individuals, couples and families in a variety of modalities. Clients benefit from therapy that is tailored to their unique needs and I believe that, with my experience in both long term and short term treatment, with in depth orientations and behavioral interventions, there is an approach that is just right for every client.
(424) 294-8534 View (424) 294-8534
Photo of Avi Stewart, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Los Angeles, CA
Avi Stewart
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Life is a journey. Like any other journey, life has ups and downs. The road can be smooth and easy, sometimes, but rocky and hazardous at other times. In life, we celebrate times of happiness and endure challenges. Challenges are unique to the individual: whether it is our personality or our character; our family or other relationships; circumstances and events can be challenging. Therapy can help a person navigate one's own self and the way that we react to our life. Therapy can also help guide us in our relationships. Learning to respond to our circumstances, rather than being reactive is the key to success.
Life is a journey. Like any other journey, life has ups and downs. The road can be smooth and easy, sometimes, but rocky and hazardous at other times. In life, we celebrate times of happiness and endure challenges. Challenges are unique to the individual: whether it is our personality or our character; our family or other relationships; circumstances and events can be challenging. Therapy can help a person navigate one's own self and the way that we react to our life. Therapy can also help guide us in our relationships. Learning to respond to our circumstances, rather than being reactive is the key to success.
(424) 238-6313 View (424) 238-6313
Photo of Christina Shirey, Marriage & Family Therapist in Los Angeles, CA
Christina Shirey
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90002
I approach therapy from a Person-Centered, Solution-Focused, and Attachment perspective. I enjoy working with teens and adults.
I approach therapy from a Person-Centered, Solution-Focused, and Attachment perspective. I enjoy working with teens and adults.
(213) 408-7763 View (213) 408-7763

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Los Angeles, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Los Angeles, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
74% Self Esteem
72% Relationship Issues
68% Trauma and PTSD
65% Coping Skills
63% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aetna
69% Cigna and Evernorth
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Los Angeles, CA see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Los Angeles?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.