Therapists in Dunedin

Photo of Pauline Pringle-Thomas, PBANZ, Psychotherapist
Pauline Pringle-Thomas
Psychotherapist, PBANZ
Verified Verified
Dunedin 9011
The people who find most success in psychotherapy are motivated and able to develop a good relationship with their therapist. They have good insight and are willing to meet weekly or in some cases more regularly to maintain an emotional attachment. This is the basis of healing, learning and understanding thoughts, feelings and how they influence behaviour. Developmentally the earlier the trauma the more frequent contact needs to be. I enjoy working in the community. A community based approach is more relational work as opposed to analytical.
The people who find most success in psychotherapy are motivated and able to develop a good relationship with their therapist. They have good insight and are willing to meet weekly or in some cases more regularly to maintain an emotional attachment. This is the basis of healing, learning and understanding thoughts, feelings and how they influence behaviour. Developmentally the earlier the trauma the more frequent contact needs to be. I enjoy working in the community. A community based approach is more relational work as opposed to analytical.
0800 627 004 x32 View 0800 627 004 x32
Photo of Elizabeth (Liz) Louise Baker, PhD, MNZCCP , Psychologist
Elizabeth (Liz) Louise Baker
Psychologist, PhD, MNZCCP
Verified Verified
Dunedin 9016
I work alongside clients who are struggling to find a sense of wholeness in their lives. I believe self-compassion, connecting relationships, and values congruent activities are key components to healing. I specialize is work with anxiety, depression, trauma, relational distress, chronic medical conditions and a variety of other difficulties. I offer online and in-person group, individual and relationship counseling, as well as educational workshops and professional supervision.
I work alongside clients who are struggling to find a sense of wholeness in their lives. I believe self-compassion, connecting relationships, and values congruent activities are key components to healing. I specialize is work with anxiety, depression, trauma, relational distress, chronic medical conditions and a variety of other difficulties. I offer online and in-person group, individual and relationship counseling, as well as educational workshops and professional supervision.
0800 451 540 x34 View 0800 451 540 x34
Photo of Jacqueline Lucy Tangney, MNZAC, Counsellor
Jacqueline Lucy Tangney
Counsellor, MNZAC
Verified Verified
Dunedin 9035
Kia Ora, I'm Jacqui. I am passionate about helping people to find new ways to understand and appreciate themselves and others and to break unhelpful patterns that get in the way of this. I work collaboratively with my clients, enabling them to feel empowered to explore challenges and make changes in their lives. My areas of special interest include anxiety, depression, emotional regulation, relationship issues, boundaries setting, parenting, grief and loss and trauma. I use a variety of counselling frameworks including CBT, ACT mindfulness and body awareness. I am currently taking on new clients.
Kia Ora, I'm Jacqui. I am passionate about helping people to find new ways to understand and appreciate themselves and others and to break unhelpful patterns that get in the way of this. I work collaboratively with my clients, enabling them to feel empowered to explore challenges and make changes in their lives. My areas of special interest include anxiety, depression, emotional regulation, relationship issues, boundaries setting, parenting, grief and loss and trauma. I use a variety of counselling frameworks including CBT, ACT mindfulness and body awareness. I am currently taking on new clients.
0800 468 212 x30 View 0800 468 212 x30
Photo of Chris Brett, MSc, Psychologist
Chris Brett
Psychologist, MSc
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a registered clinical psychologist working in a private setting. I have almost 7 years of experience, working both privately and for the DHB. I am trained in EMDR, CBT, and ACT therapies. I enjoy working with a wide range of presentations including trauma, mood difficulties, anxiety, etc. I also have extensive experience working in neurological rehabilitation (e.g., concussions, TBI's, etc), health difficulties, and functional neurological disorder (FND).
I am a registered clinical psychologist working in a private setting. I have almost 7 years of experience, working both privately and for the DHB. I am trained in EMDR, CBT, and ACT therapies. I enjoy working with a wide range of presentations including trauma, mood difficulties, anxiety, etc. I also have extensive experience working in neurological rehabilitation (e.g., concussions, TBI's, etc), health difficulties, and functional neurological disorder (FND).
0800 447 359 x32 View 0800 447 359 x32
Photo of Yan Neo Lee - Mind'sEye Psychotherapy, Counsellor
Mind'sEye Psychotherapy
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Dunedin 9016
Seeking therapy is not only for those with mental health struggles, but effective therapy can be extremely worthwhile for many and critically necessary for some. I believe that therapy can help manage life’s many challenges and live a more fulfilling and meaningful life, providing us insight into our inner most thoughts and feelings and how to cope with them. As a Nurse Therapist (Psychotherapist Trainee), I have trained in different therapeutic modalities to work with a wide range of clients of various age groups who struggle with complex trauma, addictions, depression, anxiety, sexuality and sexual trauma
Seeking therapy is not only for those with mental health struggles, but effective therapy can be extremely worthwhile for many and critically necessary for some. I believe that therapy can help manage life’s many challenges and live a more fulfilling and meaningful life, providing us insight into our inner most thoughts and feelings and how to cope with them. As a Nurse Therapist (Psychotherapist Trainee), I have trained in different therapeutic modalities to work with a wide range of clients of various age groups who struggle with complex trauma, addictions, depression, anxiety, sexuality and sexual trauma
0800 447 359 x74 View 0800 447 359 x74
Photo of James Andrew Howey - James Howey, Counselling and Supervision Services, MCouns, MNZAC, Counsellor
James Howey, Counselling and Supervision Services
Counsellor, MCouns, MNZAC
Verified Verified
Dunedin 9010
The experience of engaging in counselling is a deeply personal journey that affects all of us in different ways, and sometimes in ways we would never have expected. By us talking together through your concerns, counselling can support you to see solutions you didn’t know were there. It can also help you find ways to manage better and move on in your life I understand and honour that each person’s story is unique in that we are all affected by life in different ways. I also understand the importance of being respectful of each person’s culture and belief systems.
The experience of engaging in counselling is a deeply personal journey that affects all of us in different ways, and sometimes in ways we would never have expected. By us talking together through your concerns, counselling can support you to see solutions you didn’t know were there. It can also help you find ways to manage better and move on in your life I understand and honour that each person’s story is unique in that we are all affected by life in different ways. I also understand the importance of being respectful of each person’s culture and belief systems.
0800 447 264 x75 View 0800 447 264 x75
Photo of Caitlin Fleming - The Wren's Nest
The Wren's Nest
Verified Verified
Dunedin 9011
Waitlist for new clients
Therapy is a valuable resource for anyone looking to better understand themselves and navigate life’s challenges. I believe that therapy can provide the guidance and support needed to manage everyday stresses, make sense of difficult emotions, and uncover a deeper understanding of yourself. As a Therapist, my approach is to support individuals from diverse backgrounds and age groups as well as those struggling with a wide range of difficulties e.g., trauma, grief, feeling stuck or at a crossroads in your life, disordered eating, depression, anxiety, difficulty in relationships, or sexuality.
Therapy is a valuable resource for anyone looking to better understand themselves and navigate life’s challenges. I believe that therapy can provide the guidance and support needed to manage everyday stresses, make sense of difficult emotions, and uncover a deeper understanding of yourself. As a Therapist, my approach is to support individuals from diverse backgrounds and age groups as well as those struggling with a wide range of difficulties e.g., trauma, grief, feeling stuck or at a crossroads in your life, disordered eating, depression, anxiety, difficulty in relationships, or sexuality.
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Photo of Glen Booth - Karearea Counselling, MNZCCA, Counsellor
Karearea Counselling
Counsellor, MNZCCA
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Kia ora, my name is Glen, I'm a fully qualified therapist with extensive training in Internal Family Systems (IFS) with IFSCA and have become part of their training team. I know it can be hard to find the right therapist. You are inviting someone into your inner world and that requires the courage to be vulnerable. It is a privilege to be part of my clients' journeys, it is sacred to me, and I value the opportunity greatly. Your courage to reach out and be vulnerable will be met safely and with respect, a space to be seen, heard and understood. A space where healing can happen.
Kia ora, my name is Glen, I'm a fully qualified therapist with extensive training in Internal Family Systems (IFS) with IFSCA and have become part of their training team. I know it can be hard to find the right therapist. You are inviting someone into your inner world and that requires the courage to be vulnerable. It is a privilege to be part of my clients' journeys, it is sacred to me, and I value the opportunity greatly. Your courage to reach out and be vulnerable will be met safely and with respect, a space to be seen, heard and understood. A space where healing can happen.
0800 627 024 x34 View 0800 627 024 x34
Photo of Dan Ford - The Better Sleep Clinic, MA, Psychologist
The Better Sleep Clinic
Psychologist, MA
Verified Verified
Online Only
You have trouble sleeping. You're tired (mind the pun) of lying awake at night tossing & turning. The thought of going to bed makes you worry. You don't drop off when you put your head on your pillow. If you do, you wake up during the night and can't get back to sleep for hours. You worry about the toll your sleeplessness is having on your health, your mood, your relationships and your ability to function at work. You want to sleep better. You want to look forward to bedtime. You want to wake up feeling refreshed. You want to feel like sleep isn't controlling your life. Assess your insomnia here: https://www.thebettersleepclinic.com
You have trouble sleeping. You're tired (mind the pun) of lying awake at night tossing & turning. The thought of going to bed makes you worry. You don't drop off when you put your head on your pillow. If you do, you wake up during the night and can't get back to sleep for hours. You worry about the toll your sleeplessness is having on your health, your mood, your relationships and your ability to function at work. You want to sleep better. You want to look forward to bedtime. You want to wake up feeling refreshed. You want to feel like sleep isn't controlling your life. Assess your insomnia here: https://www.thebettersleepclinic.com
0800 627 050 x58 View 0800 627 050 x58
Photo of Becky Bradley, MCouns, NZAC - Provisional, Counsellor
Becky Bradley
Counsellor, MCouns, NZAC - Provisional
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am an experienced Counsellor with a Masters degree in Counselling Psychology. I support clients with varying issues, from anxiety, relationship difficulties and body image to eating disorders and OCD. Growing up as a 'Third Culture Kid' in several different countries has given me a deep appreciation for people of diverse cultures, identities and backgrounds, and has informed my open-minded understanding and acceptance of others. With experience providing long-term, trauma-informed counselling, I offer a safe, collaborative and non-judgemental space where you can feel heard, supported and work towards your goals.
I am an experienced Counsellor with a Masters degree in Counselling Psychology. I support clients with varying issues, from anxiety, relationship difficulties and body image to eating disorders and OCD. Growing up as a 'Third Culture Kid' in several different countries has given me a deep appreciation for people of diverse cultures, identities and backgrounds, and has informed my open-minded understanding and acceptance of others. With experience providing long-term, trauma-informed counselling, I offer a safe, collaborative and non-judgemental space where you can feel heard, supported and work towards your goals.
0800 447 359 x44 View 0800 447 359 x44
Photo of Evelyn Shackley, MA, PBANZ, Psychotherapist
Evelyn Shackley
Psychotherapist, MA, PBANZ
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I work with adults who struggle with relationships, bullying, alcohol, anxiety, and depression. Often my clients have been abused sexually, survived domestic violence and/or neglect in their childhood. This means clients might find it hard to be in close relationships, have a sense of 'being hollow inside', constantly worry about 'getting it wrong', find it hard to say no, be constantly busy, feel angry or frustrated at others, feel 'flat and rudderless' in life, and/or self-soothe (eg alcohol) to make life easier. I am interested in helping people process their psychobiography to feel more at peace.
I work with adults who struggle with relationships, bullying, alcohol, anxiety, and depression. Often my clients have been abused sexually, survived domestic violence and/or neglect in their childhood. This means clients might find it hard to be in close relationships, have a sense of 'being hollow inside', constantly worry about 'getting it wrong', find it hard to say no, be constantly busy, feel angry or frustrated at others, feel 'flat and rudderless' in life, and/or self-soothe (eg alcohol) to make life easier. I am interested in helping people process their psychobiography to feel more at peace.
020 4083 9034 View 020 4083 9034
Photo of Georgia Harrison
Georgia Harrison
Verified Verified
Online Only
Please contact me via email, rather than phone call. Cheers.
Please contact me via email, rather than phone call. Cheers.
0800 451 540 x23 View 0800 451 540 x23
Photo of Paola @ Therapy Tides, MPsych, MNZAC, Counsellor
Paola @ Therapy Tides
Counsellor, MPsych, MNZAC
Verified Verified
Serves Area
Kia ora, I'm Paola. In therapy, change comes in waves and cycles, like with the tides. I provide my clients a safe and professional environment to navigate those therapeutic tides in the smoothest way possible. I bring to the therapeutic process competence, clarity and clinical discernment for the client to be able to dive safely in the deep waters of personal transformation. Clients report that they experience tangible results as enhanced self-esteem and trust, reduced severity of symptoms as anxiety, depression, grief or mental confusion, and the restoring of their capacity for secure, and organized relationships, among others.
Kia ora, I'm Paola. In therapy, change comes in waves and cycles, like with the tides. I provide my clients a safe and professional environment to navigate those therapeutic tides in the smoothest way possible. I bring to the therapeutic process competence, clarity and clinical discernment for the client to be able to dive safely in the deep waters of personal transformation. Clients report that they experience tangible results as enhanced self-esteem and trust, reduced severity of symptoms as anxiety, depression, grief or mental confusion, and the restoring of their capacity for secure, and organized relationships, among others.
0800 627 050 x36 View 0800 627 050 x36
Photo of Megan Carter - Megan Carter, Ocean Psy Clinical Psychology , MPsych, Psychologist
Megan Carter, Ocean Psy Clinical Psychology
Psychologist, MPsych
Verified Verified
Online Only
It takes a lot of courage to reach out to a person you don’t know to work through challenges. I will meet you with compassion, for you, and hold space for your human experiences. We will build safety and trust together as we seek to acknowledge, understand, heal, and integrate what you have been through. I am passionate about supporting the diverse humans I work with to build resilience, cope, and process their experiences. I support my clients to live a life where their minds are a bit kinder to them.
It takes a lot of courage to reach out to a person you don’t know to work through challenges. I will meet you with compassion, for you, and hold space for your human experiences. We will build safety and trust together as we seek to acknowledge, understand, heal, and integrate what you have been through. I am passionate about supporting the diverse humans I work with to build resilience, cope, and process their experiences. I support my clients to live a life where their minds are a bit kinder to them.
0800 468 212 x99 View 0800 468 212 x99
Photo of Regina Webb, Counsellor
Regina Webb
Counsellor
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Do you find your thoughts overwhelming you? Are these thoughts constantly on your mind keeping you from living your life? Through life's obstacles and challenges, there is a story. You deserved to be heard for yourself or your relationship with your loved ones. Each journey with a client is unique. I am here to listen if you are experiencing anxiety, stress, anger or depression. When past traumas or present issues create road bumps in your life, I can work collaboratively to help you make sense of it all.
Do you find your thoughts overwhelming you? Are these thoughts constantly on your mind keeping you from living your life? Through life's obstacles and challenges, there is a story. You deserved to be heard for yourself or your relationship with your loved ones. Each journey with a client is unique. I am here to listen if you are experiencing anxiety, stress, anger or depression. When past traumas or present issues create road bumps in your life, I can work collaboratively to help you make sense of it all.
0800 627 024 x46 View 0800 627 024 x46
Photo of Dr Paul Duignan, PhD, Psychologist
Dr Paul Duignan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I am both a clinical psychologist and organisation strategist. Working with individuals and organisations, including the cross-over between personal and professional wellbeing/careers. Comments from my wide range of clients include: 'I was quite astounded with how spot on Paul was, he was able to articulate what was going on for me'. 'I highly recommend him'. Paul worked in a 'methodical, thoughtful, interesting and implementable way, and made me feel comfortable and listened to'. 'Seeing Paul, there has been a noticeable difference in both my home and work life; I am now more confident, relaxed and a better person as a result'.
I am both a clinical psychologist and organisation strategist. Working with individuals and organisations, including the cross-over between personal and professional wellbeing/careers. Comments from my wide range of clients include: 'I was quite astounded with how spot on Paul was, he was able to articulate what was going on for me'. 'I highly recommend him'. Paul worked in a 'methodical, thoughtful, interesting and implementable way, and made me feel comfortable and listened to'. 'Seeing Paul, there has been a noticeable difference in both my home and work life; I am now more confident, relaxed and a better person as a result'.
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Photo of Talia Norriss
Talia Norriss
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
5/5/24 Space available! I enjoy working with people from a diverse set of backgrounds and ages. I believe that therapy can bring meaningful change for those I work with. You may be wondering if therapy is the right approach for you, and not know where to start or what to say. That is completely normal! I aim to create a safe space where we can explore what brings you to therapy. I provide a personalised flexible approach to help people get the most out of sessions, and offer practical tools that can be used in everyday life. I offer sessions outside business hours for those who need flexibility. Christchurch or Online.
5/5/24 Space available! I enjoy working with people from a diverse set of backgrounds and ages. I believe that therapy can bring meaningful change for those I work with. You may be wondering if therapy is the right approach for you, and not know where to start or what to say. That is completely normal! I aim to create a safe space where we can explore what brings you to therapy. I provide a personalised flexible approach to help people get the most out of sessions, and offer practical tools that can be used in everyday life. I offer sessions outside business hours for those who need flexibility. Christchurch or Online.
0800 627 003 x46 View 0800 627 003 x46
Photo of Krysia Lanigan, PBANZ, Psychotherapist
Krysia Lanigan
Psychotherapist, PBANZ
Verified Verified
Serves Area
I offer a warm, accepting, and confidential space where you feel listened to. I have experience helping a diverse range of people with challenges that impact how they feel and their quality of life - including feeling stuck and disconnected, life changes, loss, and identity struggles, as well as people who identify as highly sensitive or neurodiverse. Psychotherapy helps us explore why we feel, think and respond the way we do. It can help us understand ourselves and patterns, discover new perspectives, recognise and manage our emotions, and can help us accept things we can't change.
I offer a warm, accepting, and confidential space where you feel listened to. I have experience helping a diverse range of people with challenges that impact how they feel and their quality of life - including feeling stuck and disconnected, life changes, loss, and identity struggles, as well as people who identify as highly sensitive or neurodiverse. Psychotherapy helps us explore why we feel, think and respond the way we do. It can help us understand ourselves and patterns, discover new perspectives, recognise and manage our emotions, and can help us accept things we can't change.
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Photo of Aleksandra Gosteva, Psychologist
Aleksandra Gosteva
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Online Only
Not accepting new clients
Alex is a New Zealand fully trained, Registered Occupational Health Psychologist. With her breadth of extensive training, research and internships, she has developed special interests in different areas of psychology. Alex's extensive training and experience allowed me to develop a commitment to excellence and appreciation of the vulnerability, diversity, and presentation of people. For her clients, her main assets are my approachable demeanour, emphasis on wellbeing, and straightforward appraisal of their unique needs and situation.
Alex is a New Zealand fully trained, Registered Occupational Health Psychologist. With her breadth of extensive training, research and internships, she has developed special interests in different areas of psychology. Alex's extensive training and experience allowed me to develop a commitment to excellence and appreciation of the vulnerability, diversity, and presentation of people. For her clients, her main assets are my approachable demeanour, emphasis on wellbeing, and straightforward appraisal of their unique needs and situation.
0800 327 477 View 0800 327 477
Photo of Frank Marinthe Life Coach
Frank Marinthe Life Coach
Verified Verified
Online Only
Are you suffering from anxiety related to personal or professional challenges? As a certified Life Coach, I'm here to help you create clarity around issues you may have, to help you regain emotional control, allowing you to considerably strengthen your position as a solution maker. Life Coaching starts with a conversation, confidential and non-judgemental to provoke insightful solutions.
Are you suffering from anxiety related to personal or professional challenges? As a certified Life Coach, I'm here to help you create clarity around issues you may have, to help you regain emotional control, allowing you to considerably strengthen your position as a solution maker. Life Coaching starts with a conversation, confidential and non-judgemental to provoke insightful solutions.
0800 627 004 x87 View 0800 627 004 x87
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See more therapy options for Dunedin

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Dunedin

30+

Average cost per session

$150

Counsellors in Dunedin who prioritize treating:

86% Anxiety
81% Stress
73% Trauma and PTSD
70% Depression
68% Relationship Issues
68% Self Esteem
59% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Southern Cross
67% Sovereign Health
67% AIA

How Counsellors in Dunedin see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
21% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Dunedin?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Psychologists listed in the directory are registered with the New Zealand Psychologists Board under the Health Practitioners Competency Assurance Act 2003 (HPCA Act). To be listed in the directory, psychotherapists must be registered through the Psychotherapists Board of Aotearoa New Zealand. Counsellors listed in the directory should have a minimum training of NZQF 6 or higher, and many are registered with a professional body, such as the New Zealand Association of Counsellors (NZAC).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for counsellors in New Zealand, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, and psychotherapists  can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in New Zealand.

Psychologists possess a minimum of a master's degree in Psychology and are registered with the New Zealand Psychologists Board. Psychotherapists typically hold the equivalent of a Master's or Doctorate Degree in Psychotherapy, depending on their programme of study. Many psychotherapists have themselves undergone psychotherapy as part of their training. In order to be a member of NZAC, Counsellors must have a bachelor's or master's degree in Counselling and complete ongoing professional development and education.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in New Zealand could be between $100 and $200. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. To access these services you will need to be assessed and referred by your GP or family doctor. However, you will have limited choice regarding the specialist and the length of treatment that will be assigned to you. In addition, Community Mental Health and Addiction services are also available through your local District Health Board (DHB).

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals registered with the Boards and/or who are members of professional organisations are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.