Counselling in T45

Photo of Caragh Thompson, Psychotherapist, Pre-Accredited Member IACP
Caragh Thompson
Psychotherapist, Pre-Accredited Member IACP
Carrigtwohill, County Cork T45
Therapy can support you to cope with life again, one step at a time. In a caring, safe, confidential space, I meet you as you are. Together, we will explore what's going on in your life - what's working and what's challenging. I will provide an opportunity for you to turn inwards, to find yourself in your own life. Insights may occur bringing you towards clearer and calmer feelings. New options may present themselves. You may discover greater courage which will support you as you deal with life's many challenges. The first small step of making an appointment may be the first step towards feeling better in yourself.
Therapy can support you to cope with life again, one step at a time. In a caring, safe, confidential space, I meet you as you are. Together, we will explore what's going on in your life - what's working and what's challenging. I will provide an opportunity for you to turn inwards, to find yourself in your own life. Insights may occur bringing you towards clearer and calmer feelings. New options may present themselves. You may discover greater courage which will support you as you deal with life's many challenges. The first small step of making an appointment may be the first step towards feeling better in yourself.
087 240 8535 View 087 240 8535
Photo of Camilla Brown, Psychotherapist, MSc
Camilla Brown
Psychotherapist, MSc
Carrigtwohill, County Cork T45
The stress of modern life can lead us to experience anxiety, depression and many other symptoms. Whilst bereavement, change and loss are all natural processes, they can also be painful and destabilizing which can create feelings of anger, helplessness and vulnerability. Challenges in the present can also unearth experiences from our past which we might not have had the opportunity to fully understand and process. These feelings can seriously impact on our lives including relationships, physical health and work such that it can sometimes feel we are out of control.
The stress of modern life can lead us to experience anxiety, depression and many other symptoms. Whilst bereavement, change and loss are all natural processes, they can also be painful and destabilizing which can create feelings of anger, helplessness and vulnerability. Challenges in the present can also unearth experiences from our past which we might not have had the opportunity to fully understand and process. These feelings can seriously impact on our lives including relationships, physical health and work such that it can sometimes feel we are out of control.
085 187 1558 View 085 187 1558
Photo of Catherine Mary Kennedy, Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MIAHIP
Catherine Mary Kennedy
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MIAHIP
Glanmire, County Cork T45
Welcome to my profile. I work as a humanistic and integrative psychotherapist. I practice in person, in my own rooms and through zoom. Life can be challenging and lonely at times and my wish is to offer a safe, warm, confidential open dialogue to face what deeply affects you. It takes courage to discover who we truly are and to face the truth. Personally, I can guarantee it is well worth the journey. I have experience in bereavement, anxiety/depression/stress, relationship issues and I teach dbt coping skills. I hold a UCC Postgraduate Degree in Psychotherapy and I am registered member with IAHIP.
Welcome to my profile. I work as a humanistic and integrative psychotherapist. I practice in person, in my own rooms and through zoom. Life can be challenging and lonely at times and my wish is to offer a safe, warm, confidential open dialogue to face what deeply affects you. It takes courage to discover who we truly are and to face the truth. Personally, I can guarantee it is well worth the journey. I have experience in bereavement, anxiety/depression/stress, relationship issues and I teach dbt coping skills. I hold a UCC Postgraduate Degree in Psychotherapy and I am registered member with IAHIP.
(01) 267 6603 x64 View (01) 267 6603 x64
Photo of Georgia Christine Cashman - Willow Counselling Cork, Counsellor, MIACP
Willow Counselling Cork
Counsellor, MIACP
Glanmire, County Cork T45
Hi, my name is Georgia Cashman. I work as a humanistic and integrative counsellor in Cork, both in person and online via Zoom. I have a genuine interest in helping others, and a big positive for me doing this work, is helping people gain perspective in their lives. My role is to facilitate clients in getting to a place where shame, guilt, and feelings of 'not being good enough' can be managed, so that they can reach their full potential and not be held back by negative and disempowering feelings and emotions. I am here to listen.
Hi, my name is Georgia Cashman. I work as a humanistic and integrative counsellor in Cork, both in person and online via Zoom. I have a genuine interest in helping others, and a big positive for me doing this work, is helping people gain perspective in their lives. My role is to facilitate clients in getting to a place where shame, guilt, and feelings of 'not being good enough' can be managed, so that they can reach their full potential and not be held back by negative and disempowering feelings and emotions. I am here to listen.
(01) 267 6570 x29 View (01) 267 6570 x29
Photo of Sinead Russell, Psychotherapist, MA, APCP
Sinead Russell
Psychotherapist, MA, APCP
Little Island, County Cork T45
I provide a calm, safe, comfortable and confidential space for my clients. I use and integrative approach as not all clients fit one approach. I use what works best from each approach and blend them together. I empower my clients to explore their issues and assist in coming up with practical and effective solutions to these issues.
I provide a calm, safe, comfortable and confidential space for my clients. I use and integrative approach as not all clients fit one approach. I use what works best from each approach and blend them together. I empower my clients to explore their issues and assist in coming up with practical and effective solutions to these issues.
(01) 267 6622 x23 View (01) 267 6622 x23
Photo of Deirdre Healy - Deirdre Healy Counselling & Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MIACP
Deirdre Healy Counselling & Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MIACP
Cork, County T45
I offer a safe space to anybody who wishes to explore their potential. If your life is affected by anxiety, depression, relationship issues or anything that is stopping you having the life you want for yourself, please contact me. There are times in all of our lives where we can become overwhelmed by the stresses of life and realise that we want, and need, to change things about ourselves and I can offer you the place and the expertise to support those changes.
I offer a safe space to anybody who wishes to explore their potential. If your life is affected by anxiety, depression, relationship issues or anything that is stopping you having the life you want for yourself, please contact me. There are times in all of our lives where we can become overwhelmed by the stresses of life and realise that we want, and need, to change things about ourselves and I can offer you the place and the expertise to support those changes.
(01) 592 4196 x25 View (01) 592 4196 x25
Photo of Dermot Casey, Psychotherapist, PsychD
Dermot Casey
Psychotherapist, PsychD
Glanmire, County Cork T45
I am so glad you finally decided to come to counselling and talk with someone. The first steps are hard. I offer a space for people to discover what is really going on for them. I use different approaches such as CBT so that you can learn new skills to use daily. I am also interested in what has caused you to feel the way you feel, so that you can change certain ways you think and behave. When you come and speak its completely confidential and its my job to ensure that you feel at ease and confident that you will get what you want from sessions. Give me a free 15 minute call to discuss.
I am so glad you finally decided to come to counselling and talk with someone. The first steps are hard. I offer a space for people to discover what is really going on for them. I use different approaches such as CBT so that you can learn new skills to use daily. I am also interested in what has caused you to feel the way you feel, so that you can change certain ways you think and behave. When you come and speak its completely confidential and its my job to ensure that you feel at ease and confident that you will get what you want from sessions. Give me a free 15 minute call to discuss.
086 803 8792 View 086 803 8792
Photo of Geraldine M. Johnson, Psychotherapist, MIACP
Geraldine M. Johnson
Psychotherapist, MIACP
Cork, County T45
Sometimes we get overwhelmed by life and what life throws at us. Trying to make sense of what is happening can often feel like we are going around in circles. We may feel we are not coping and have little options available to us. I have worked with survivors of intimate partner abuse for many years. During my time working with survivors, I have encountered depression, anxiety, addiction and low self esteem. Relationships are our key to a healthier life, if your relationships with friends and family or work are causing you anxiety, expressing what is going on for you is the first step to freeing yourself from patterns you experience.
Sometimes we get overwhelmed by life and what life throws at us. Trying to make sense of what is happening can often feel like we are going around in circles. We may feel we are not coping and have little options available to us. I have worked with survivors of intimate partner abuse for many years. During my time working with survivors, I have encountered depression, anxiety, addiction and low self esteem. Relationships are our key to a healthier life, if your relationships with friends and family or work are causing you anxiety, expressing what is going on for you is the first step to freeing yourself from patterns you experience.
(01) 267 6692 x53 View (01) 267 6692 x53
Photo of Norma O'Sullivan - Dr Norma O'Sullivan Psychology Services, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, CPsychol PSI
Dr Norma O'Sullivan Psychology Services
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, CPsychol PSI
Cork, County T45
I work with teens (16 years+) and adult clients. I have specialist experience working with a range of needs and issues across the lifespan, including trauma, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, grief and loss, attachment issues, eating disorders, chronic health conditions, life changes and transitions, emotional dysregulation, self harm, suicide, OCD, ADHD, and Autism.
I work with teens (16 years+) and adult clients. I have specialist experience working with a range of needs and issues across the lifespan, including trauma, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, grief and loss, attachment issues, eating disorders, chronic health conditions, life changes and transitions, emotional dysregulation, self harm, suicide, OCD, ADHD, and Autism.
(01) 267 6622 x21 View (01) 267 6622 x21
Photo of Candace Davey - Counselling with Candace, Counsellor, MA, APCP
Counselling with Candace
Counsellor, MA, APCP
Serves Area
I understand how overwhelming it can feel to face your thoughts and emotions alone. You may be tired of pretending you’re okay, or unsure where to start making things better. You don’t have to do it on your own. Together, we can explore what’s holding you back, uncover your strengths, and create space for healing and growth. Change is possible, and you deserve to feel supported through it. If you’re ready to take that first step toward understanding yourself and finding balance, I invite you to reach out, I’m here to listen and help.
I understand how overwhelming it can feel to face your thoughts and emotions alone. You may be tired of pretending you’re okay, or unsure where to start making things better. You don’t have to do it on your own. Together, we can explore what’s holding you back, uncover your strengths, and create space for healing and growth. Change is possible, and you deserve to feel supported through it. If you’re ready to take that first step toward understanding yourself and finding balance, I invite you to reach out, I’m here to listen and help.
(01) 263 0393 x75 View (01) 263 0393 x75
Photo of John Murphy, Psychotherapist, MA, MIACP
John Murphy
Psychotherapist, MA, MIACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
As an integrative therapist, I draw from a variety of therapeutic approaches to tailor treatment to each client’s unique needs, ensuring a holistic and personalized approach. Grounded in humanistic principles, I believe in the inherent potential of every individual to grow, heal, and thrive. By fostering self-awareness and self-acceptance, I help clients explore their emotions, values, and experiences to achieve personal growth. At the heart of my practice is the person-centred approach, which prioritizes the client’s perspective and autonomy. Through active listening, empathy, and unconditional positive regard.
As an integrative therapist, I draw from a variety of therapeutic approaches to tailor treatment to each client’s unique needs, ensuring a holistic and personalized approach. Grounded in humanistic principles, I believe in the inherent potential of every individual to grow, heal, and thrive. By fostering self-awareness and self-acceptance, I help clients explore their emotions, values, and experiences to achieve personal growth. At the heart of my practice is the person-centred approach, which prioritizes the client’s perspective and autonomy. Through active listening, empathy, and unconditional positive regard.
(01) 230 8537 x35 View (01) 230 8537 x35
Photo of Alison Frances Kilty - Kiltypsychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MA, APCP
Kiltypsychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MA, APCP
Serves Area
I'm Alison, an IAHIP accredited and practicing Psychotherapist and Supervisor. I have over 20 years experience in Adult and Adolescent mental health services. I have specific training in Complex Generational Trauma. My work is relational and is influenced by attachment theory. I also provide Counselling in schools. I have an interest in Parenting difficulties and Mediation for Couples who are separating. My Masters in Integrative Psychotherapy and Supervision training is influenced by my areas of interest in Art Therapy and Psychodynamics. I started my career in general nursing and mental health nursing.
I'm Alison, an IAHIP accredited and practicing Psychotherapist and Supervisor. I have over 20 years experience in Adult and Adolescent mental health services. I have specific training in Complex Generational Trauma. My work is relational and is influenced by attachment theory. I also provide Counselling in schools. I have an interest in Parenting difficulties and Mediation for Couples who are separating. My Masters in Integrative Psychotherapy and Supervision training is influenced by my areas of interest in Art Therapy and Psychodynamics. I started my career in general nursing and mental health nursing.
(01) 592 4196 x38 View (01) 592 4196 x38
Photo of Ashrina Fallon - In Treatment Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MSc, MIACP
In Treatment Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MSc, MIACP
Serves Area
Nosce Te Ipsum. Therapy begins with a dialogue about what indeed brought the client into the therapeutic setting. Clients’ thoughts, feelings and experiences provide much of the fodder for a therapeutic dialogue. Much of the work in therapy involves making sense of these thoughts and emotions. The therapist educes the client’s stories; clients narrate and share them. This integrative framework provide the lens in which I listen and connect to the narratives and presenting issues of my clients. As the tempo takes its momentum, a gradual progression of humanistic kinship, trust and understanding between my client and I are entrenched.
Nosce Te Ipsum. Therapy begins with a dialogue about what indeed brought the client into the therapeutic setting. Clients’ thoughts, feelings and experiences provide much of the fodder for a therapeutic dialogue. Much of the work in therapy involves making sense of these thoughts and emotions. The therapist educes the client’s stories; clients narrate and share them. This integrative framework provide the lens in which I listen and connect to the narratives and presenting issues of my clients. As the tempo takes its momentum, a gradual progression of humanistic kinship, trust and understanding between my client and I are entrenched.
085 281 7889 View 085 281 7889
Photo of Rebecca O Mahony, Psychotherapist, MIAHIP
Rebecca O Mahony
Psychotherapist, MIAHIP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
My name is Rebecca O'Mahony. I have been working with clients since June 2014. I am motivated by the belief that no one should face their struggles alone. Therapy can be beneficial for anyone dealing with difficulties in life for any reason, as well as for those seeking a deeper understanding of themselves. Unique situations often lead to remarkable experiences that shape who we are and how we view the world. Embracing these moments can inspire creativity and growth, opening doors to new perspectives and opportunities. My humanistic and integrative approach will help you uncover your strengths and connect with your authentic self.
My name is Rebecca O'Mahony. I have been working with clients since June 2014. I am motivated by the belief that no one should face their struggles alone. Therapy can be beneficial for anyone dealing with difficulties in life for any reason, as well as for those seeking a deeper understanding of themselves. Unique situations often lead to remarkable experiences that shape who we are and how we view the world. Embracing these moments can inspire creativity and growth, opening doors to new perspectives and opportunities. My humanistic and integrative approach will help you uncover your strengths and connect with your authentic self.
(01) 267 6552 x76 View (01) 267 6552 x76
Photo of Lesley Kelly, Psychotherapist, MIACP
Lesley Kelly
Psychotherapist, MIACP
Serves Area
Life can be challenging at times. Your story, struggles and pain are unique to you. My belief is that you have the capacity and strength to resolve your issues with the right supports in place. I offer a supportive space of warmth and non-judgemental listening to help untangle the discomfort you are experiencing. Together, we will spend time understanding exactly what you are experiencing. I will not tell you what to do, but will encourage you and provide tools to help you cope with life’s obstacles.
Life can be challenging at times. Your story, struggles and pain are unique to you. My belief is that you have the capacity and strength to resolve your issues with the right supports in place. I offer a supportive space of warmth and non-judgemental listening to help untangle the discomfort you are experiencing. Together, we will spend time understanding exactly what you are experiencing. I will not tell you what to do, but will encourage you and provide tools to help you cope with life’s obstacles.
087 680 1119 View 087 680 1119
Photo of Claire Kelleher, Psychotherapist, MIACP
Claire Kelleher
Psychotherapist, MIACP
Serves Area
Our world has changed beyond recognition in the past few months and for many people it can feel very overwhelming. Fear, panic, anxiety and stress are all too common in the clients I am meeting on a day to day basis. I hear how isolating it is for people at the moment. Relationship and connection are vital now, more than ever. Talking with a trained professional can help make sense of what you are feeling. Through this therapeutic relationship, you can find connection, healing and the space to speak about the difficult challenges you are going through.
Our world has changed beyond recognition in the past few months and for many people it can feel very overwhelming. Fear, panic, anxiety and stress are all too common in the clients I am meeting on a day to day basis. I hear how isolating it is for people at the moment. Relationship and connection are vital now, more than ever. Talking with a trained professional can help make sense of what you are feeling. Through this therapeutic relationship, you can find connection, healing and the space to speak about the difficult challenges you are going through.
086 385 0500 View 086 385 0500
Photo of Michael Edward O'Brien - Caring Space Teenage & Adult Counselling Services, Psychotherapist, MSc, MIACP
Caring Space Teenage & Adult Counselling Services
Psychotherapist, MSc, MIACP
Serves Area
If you find yourself struggling at this time, Caring Space can offer you the support that you need to get through the difficulties that you are facing. Our counselling and psychotherapy service offers you a safe space to meet with a professional counsellor allowing you to explore and understand your emotional experience. The counsellor creates a listening space where you can unburden yourself and work through your difficulties with support. Within our suite of services at Caring Space in Midleton, we offer counselling and psychotherapy to both adolescents and adults.
If you find yourself struggling at this time, Caring Space can offer you the support that you need to get through the difficulties that you are facing. Our counselling and psychotherapy service offers you a safe space to meet with a professional counsellor allowing you to explore and understand your emotional experience. The counsellor creates a listening space where you can unburden yourself and work through your difficulties with support. Within our suite of services at Caring Space in Midleton, we offer counselling and psychotherapy to both adolescents and adults.
(01) 267 6517 x41 View (01) 267 6517 x41
Photo of Kim O Doherty, Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MIACP
Kim O Doherty
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MIACP
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I offer my clients compassion, empathy, a safe and non judgemental space to be heard, supported and guided to achieve their goal of therapy. I work very hard for my clients. Iam extremely passionate about my vocation in helping, supporting, guiding and equipping my clients with the life tools and skills, insights and helping them to develop new perspectives in healing from their life issue. Iam a gentle, hard working therapist , authentic and caring and see my work with my clients as the greatest honour and privalge. Fully Accrediated professional. Iam also an approved laya healthcare therapist.
I offer my clients compassion, empathy, a safe and non judgemental space to be heard, supported and guided to achieve their goal of therapy. I work very hard for my clients. Iam extremely passionate about my vocation in helping, supporting, guiding and equipping my clients with the life tools and skills, insights and helping them to develop new perspectives in healing from their life issue. Iam a gentle, hard working therapist , authentic and caring and see my work with my clients as the greatest honour and privalge. Fully Accrediated professional. Iam also an approved laya healthcare therapist.
(01) 233 7063 x20 View (01) 233 7063 x20
Photo of Róisín Tangney - Róisín Tangney, Jungian Psychoanalyst , Psychotherapist
Róisín Tangney, Jungian Psychoanalyst
Psychotherapist
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
I am a certified Jungian Psychoanalyst, trained at the C.G. Jung Institute, Zürich. I offer deep work in a safe space to those seeking to understand the underlying meaning behind their symptoms and suffering. You may have anxiety, depression, trauma, grief or loss of meaning, be undergoing a life transition or feel that you are not fulfilling your full potential. By exploring both your conscious and unconscious material, your symptoms, feelings, life circumstances, dreams and fantasies, we can help you to find the meaning in adversity and engage the full potential of your personality.
I am a certified Jungian Psychoanalyst, trained at the C.G. Jung Institute, Zürich. I offer deep work in a safe space to those seeking to understand the underlying meaning behind their symptoms and suffering. You may have anxiety, depression, trauma, grief or loss of meaning, be undergoing a life transition or feel that you are not fulfilling your full potential. By exploring both your conscious and unconscious material, your symptoms, feelings, life circumstances, dreams and fantasies, we can help you to find the meaning in adversity and engage the full potential of your personality.
(01) 267 6595 x19 View (01) 267 6595 x19
Photo of Sarah Margaret Foley, MA
Sarah Margaret Foley
Verified Verified
Glanmire, County Cork T45
(01) 267 6570 x76 View (01) 267 6570 x76

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in T45

20+

Average cost per session

€70

Counsellors in T45 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
90% Relationship Issues
90% Self Esteem
85% Depression
80% Bereavement
80% Stress
75% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Laya
82% Aviva
82% Irish Life

How Counsellors in T45 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

85% Female
15% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in T45?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, eircode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or eircode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are accredited members of the main professional associations, mainly the Irish Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy (IACP) and the Irish Council for Psychotherapy (ICP). Most Psychologists are accredited members of the Psychological Society of Ireland (PSI).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement in Ireland, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Ireland. Psychologists have earned a doctoral degree in psychology and many are accredited members of the Psychological Society of Ireland (PSI). Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a doctoral degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the IACP or ICP, they must complete a minimum of an NFQ Level 7 programme with 100 hours of clinical experience and a minimum of 450 hours of post-training clinical experience under clinical supervision.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in Ireland could cost between €50 – €90 when seeing a counsellor and €75 - €120 or more when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The National Counselling Service (NCS) is a government-funded service that provides short to medium term counselling and psychotherapy for free to individuals who have experienced trauma or abuse. The service can be accessed by GP referral or self-referral.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your eircode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the IACP, the ICP, or PSI are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a child is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.