Counselling in YO22

Rosalie Elizabeth Harrison
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Whitby YO22
I am a counsellor and psychotherapist with fourteen years’ post qualifying experience working in the NHS and other mental health services with adults, groups and couples. I provide consultations, assessments & ongoing treatment sessions for adults, couples and families. I am a qualified teacher & trainer and offer bespoke learning support to pre-school, primary, secondary and adult learners. I welcome enquiries and offer a twenty-minute initial telephone call to discuss your requirements. If I am unable to help you, I may be able to direct you to a more suitable service.
I am a counsellor and psychotherapist with fourteen years’ post qualifying experience working in the NHS and other mental health services with adults, groups and couples. I provide consultations, assessments & ongoing treatment sessions for adults, couples and families. I am a qualified teacher & trainer and offer bespoke learning support to pre-school, primary, secondary and adult learners. I welcome enquiries and offer a twenty-minute initial telephone call to discuss your requirements. If I am unable to help you, I may be able to direct you to a more suitable service.
01847 638531 View 01847 638531
Photo of Sarah Batty - Mind Goals Psychotherapy Ltd, Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Mind Goals Psychotherapy Ltd
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Serves Area
Hi, I am Sarah Batty, I am a BABCP accredited CBT therapist, also trained in ACT & EMDR. I will help you find better ways to deal with situations in which you struggle, with a focus on your thinking style, and the actions you take. I aim to help you develop a practical psychological tool kit, centred around your individual needs, values & personality. As such, I’m flexible in my approach to fit in with your needs. I specialise in mood disorders (anxiety, depression, panic, OCD, post-traumatic stress disorder). I often work with people on NHS Talking Therapy CBT waiting lists who want to get started.
Hi, I am Sarah Batty, I am a BABCP accredited CBT therapist, also trained in ACT & EMDR. I will help you find better ways to deal with situations in which you struggle, with a focus on your thinking style, and the actions you take. I aim to help you develop a practical psychological tool kit, centred around your individual needs, values & personality. As such, I’m flexible in my approach to fit in with your needs. I specialise in mood disorders (anxiety, depression, panic, OCD, post-traumatic stress disorder). I often work with people on NHS Talking Therapy CBT waiting lists who want to get started.
01635 017239 View 01635 017239
Photo of Anna Dorothea Fearnley - Alchemilla Psychotherapy, Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Alchemilla Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hello, I’m Dorrie. Finding a therapist that is right for you can be completely overwhelming; there is so much choice and sometimes, the therapist jargon can be a real head scratcher. As you read through my profile, have a think about if I seem like someone you could connect with, as that is such an important aspect of finding the right therapist. You may be seeking therapy because you are feeling depressed, anxious or may want to explore who you are and what that means to you. Together we will forge a relationship which will serve as a safe haven to express and explore yourself openly, without judgment.
Hello, I’m Dorrie. Finding a therapist that is right for you can be completely overwhelming; there is so much choice and sometimes, the therapist jargon can be a real head scratcher. As you read through my profile, have a think about if I seem like someone you could connect with, as that is such an important aspect of finding the right therapist. You may be seeking therapy because you are feeling depressed, anxious or may want to explore who you are and what that means to you. Together we will forge a relationship which will serve as a safe haven to express and explore yourself openly, without judgment.
01947 660408 View 01947 660408

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Caroline Harvey, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Caroline Harvey
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Serves Area
I am a BPC registered Psychoanalytic Psychotherapist and HCPC registered Clinical Psychologist with a private practice in Darlington, providing Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy to adults in the North East of England. I have helped many people, both in private practice and the NHS, overcome problems including those related to anxiety, depression, trauma, abuse, relationships, stress, low self-esteem, loss, life transitions, or medically unexplained symptoms. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy can also be effective when you are experiencing a more general sense of dissatisfaction in life, helping you work towards greater fulfilment.
I am a BPC registered Psychoanalytic Psychotherapist and HCPC registered Clinical Psychologist with a private practice in Darlington, providing Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy to adults in the North East of England. I have helped many people, both in private practice and the NHS, overcome problems including those related to anxiety, depression, trauma, abuse, relationships, stress, low self-esteem, loss, life transitions, or medically unexplained symptoms. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy can also be effective when you are experiencing a more general sense of dissatisfaction in life, helping you work towards greater fulfilment.
01325 808146 View 01325 808146
Photo of Jade Harker, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Jade Harker
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
I hope you are ok, before I explained about my qualifications and the type of work I do, I wanted to explain how you get started. You have already done step one you are thinking about reaching out (I know how much courage this takes, so well done). I offer a safe, warm environment where you can open up without fear of judgement. I work with both adults and children, who have a variety of presenting issues from bereavement, anxiety, stress, low self-esteem and much more. I also have some therapy pets that can come into the sessions.
I hope you are ok, before I explained about my qualifications and the type of work I do, I wanted to explain how you get started. You have already done step one you are thinking about reaching out (I know how much courage this takes, so well done). I offer a safe, warm environment where you can open up without fear of judgement. I work with both adults and children, who have a variety of presenting issues from bereavement, anxiety, stress, low self-esteem and much more. I also have some therapy pets that can come into the sessions.
01642 668031 View 01642 668031
Photo of Sue Morris, Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Sue Morris
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Serves Area
Life can be hard at times. We can experience loss, changes in our health, family circumstances or work life. Maybe our relationships are not fulfilling our needs and we do not know how to change things. At times, we don’t feel good about ourselves, we lose confidence in our ability to cope with life or maybe we feel impacted by past experiences or held back through feelings of anger, shame or guilt. Sometimes we don’t know what’s wrong, but we just know something isn’t right. I can help you explore what is going on for you by giving you a supportive space to talk and be heard.
Life can be hard at times. We can experience loss, changes in our health, family circumstances or work life. Maybe our relationships are not fulfilling our needs and we do not know how to change things. At times, we don’t feel good about ourselves, we lose confidence in our ability to cope with life or maybe we feel impacted by past experiences or held back through feelings of anger, shame or guilt. Sometimes we don’t know what’s wrong, but we just know something isn’t right. I can help you explore what is going on for you by giving you a supportive space to talk and be heard.
01904 221277 View 01904 221277
Photo of Catherine Beal, Counsellor, BACP
Catherine Beal
Counsellor, BACP
1 Endorsed
Malton YO17
Due to expanding my private practice, I have Face to Face sessions available at Blake House, Bootham, York, on Thursdays from 7am to 11pm. Do you need to express what’s happening for you? Do you need some support to manage your thoughts and feelings? Life can be tough at times, are you feeling angry, sad, lonely, anxious, depressed, stressed, overwhelmed? Do you need to seek a way forward? I aim to offer a therapeutic relationship through a compassionate connection. I provide a non judgmental environment, free from evaluation. Whatever you’ facing, I will do my very best to support you, so that you don’t have to face things alone.
Due to expanding my private practice, I have Face to Face sessions available at Blake House, Bootham, York, on Thursdays from 7am to 11pm. Do you need to express what’s happening for you? Do you need some support to manage your thoughts and feelings? Life can be tough at times, are you feeling angry, sad, lonely, anxious, depressed, stressed, overwhelmed? Do you need to seek a way forward? I aim to offer a therapeutic relationship through a compassionate connection. I provide a non judgmental environment, free from evaluation. Whatever you’ facing, I will do my very best to support you, so that you don’t have to face things alone.
01653 919864 View 01653 919864
Photo of Tracey Cunningham, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, CPsychol
Tracey Cunningham
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, CPsychol
As an integrative therapist I offer a range of therapeutic approaches, and work to ensure that your individual needs are understood, acknowledged and validated. Every person is different, and so I provide a safe space to explore your needs and therapeutic goals, before we agree on the work to be completed.
As an integrative therapist I offer a range of therapeutic approaches, and work to ensure that your individual needs are understood, acknowledged and validated. Every person is different, and so I provide a safe space to explore your needs and therapeutic goals, before we agree on the work to be completed.
01287 551066 View 01287 551066
Photo of Nina Dowdeswell, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Nina Dowdeswell
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Pickering YO18
Hello. In this busy, hectic world we all need the time and space to stop and check-in on ourselves and our mental well-being. As a qualified counsellor I would like to offer you that safe, non-judgemental space to figure out a way forward in your world. Whether it is trauma from your past, relationship issues, grief, or finding yourself struggling with the here and now, I would like to enable you to find your own solutions, with empathy and compassion.
Hello. In this busy, hectic world we all need the time and space to stop and check-in on ourselves and our mental well-being. As a qualified counsellor I would like to offer you that safe, non-judgemental space to figure out a way forward in your world. Whether it is trauma from your past, relationship issues, grief, or finding yourself struggling with the here and now, I would like to enable you to find your own solutions, with empathy and compassion.
01751 201701 View 01751 201701
Photo of Nick Shallow, Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Nick Shallow
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Redcar TS10
I believe therapy gives people a regular and confidential space to talk about their worries, problems or a chance to explore more about themselves; to gain a new or different perspective. This can lead to positive and proactive changes in how they feel about themselves, their relationships, as well as future-proofing their thinking and behaviour. I am a UKCP accredited Integrative Psychotherapist and also a UKCP Accredited Integartive Child Psychotherapeutic Counsellor. I have worked with children and adults since 2017.
I believe therapy gives people a regular and confidential space to talk about their worries, problems or a chance to explore more about themselves; to gain a new or different perspective. This can lead to positive and proactive changes in how they feel about themselves, their relationships, as well as future-proofing their thinking and behaviour. I am a UKCP accredited Integrative Psychotherapist and also a UKCP Accredited Integartive Child Psychotherapeutic Counsellor. I have worked with children and adults since 2017.
01642 056959 View 01642 056959
Photo of Peter Braham, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Peter Braham
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
We can't change the past but we can understand the influence it has had on us. We can't change other people, but we can grow and change ourselves. Counselling is an opportunity to think about the life we want and to work on making it happen. Sometimes this means identifying and disrupting old patterns that no longer work for us. Sometimes it means becoming more assertive, "emotionally literate", confident or empathic. Sometimes it means being able to tell which people are good for us right now. Sometimes it just means crying out the hurt.
We can't change the past but we can understand the influence it has had on us. We can't change other people, but we can grow and change ourselves. Counselling is an opportunity to think about the life we want and to work on making it happen. Sometimes this means identifying and disrupting old patterns that no longer work for us. Sometimes it means becoming more assertive, "emotionally literate", confident or empathic. Sometimes it means being able to tell which people are good for us right now. Sometimes it just means crying out the hurt.
01347 668135 View 01347 668135
Photo of Clare Connor, Counsellor, UKCP Trainee
Clare Connor
Counsellor, UKCP Trainee
1 Endorsed
Are you feeling stressed, anxious, or overwhelmed and not sure what to do about it? I can help you to work through some of the challenges and trauma that you have experienced. We can explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours without judgement or shame, in a safe space, helping you to build self-resilience and self-belief so you can find a path forward that feels right for you. I understand how overwhelming it can feel when thoughts, feelings, and behaviours seem out of your your control or don’t make sense. My aim is to provide emotional support so you can explore these experiences safely and at your own pace.
Are you feeling stressed, anxious, or overwhelmed and not sure what to do about it? I can help you to work through some of the challenges and trauma that you have experienced. We can explore your thoughts, feelings and behaviours without judgement or shame, in a safe space, helping you to build self-resilience and self-belief so you can find a path forward that feels right for you. I understand how overwhelming it can feel when thoughts, feelings, and behaviours seem out of your your control or don’t make sense. My aim is to provide emotional support so you can explore these experiences safely and at your own pace.
0113 519 3178 View 0113 519 3178
Photo of Lynnette Willet, Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Lynnette Willet
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Are you finding life tough right now? Do you need support? If I so I hear you. I am a qualified and accredited Psychotherapist dedicated to supporting you through life's challenges. I have helped people with a wide range of issues, from Anxiety and Depression through to relationship difficulties. My approach is empathetic, non-judgmental, and tailored to meet the unique needs of each individual recognising no two people are the same. If you are looking to live a more fulfilling, peaceful and authentic life then please get in touch.
Are you finding life tough right now? Do you need support? If I so I hear you. I am a qualified and accredited Psychotherapist dedicated to supporting you through life's challenges. I have helped people with a wide range of issues, from Anxiety and Depression through to relationship difficulties. My approach is empathetic, non-judgmental, and tailored to meet the unique needs of each individual recognising no two people are the same. If you are looking to live a more fulfilling, peaceful and authentic life then please get in touch.
01642 967662 View 01642 967662
Photo of Callie louise Groom - Hope and Thrive Therapy, Counsellor, BACP
Hope and Thrive Therapy
Counsellor, BACP
Redcar TS10
As an integrated counsellor, I am dedicated to providing a profound level of care, compassion, empathy, and understanding within a non-judgmental environment. With my own lived experience regarding the issues i specialize in i understand that Life can often lead individuals to feel stuck or hopeless, leaving them in search of a way forward. Many find it difficult to confide in family members or friends, making professional support an essential resource. Recognizing that each individual's experience is unique, I tailor my counselling approach to meet the specific needs of my clients.
As an integrated counsellor, I am dedicated to providing a profound level of care, compassion, empathy, and understanding within a non-judgmental environment. With my own lived experience regarding the issues i specialize in i understand that Life can often lead individuals to feel stuck or hopeless, leaving them in search of a way forward. Many find it difficult to confide in family members or friends, making professional support an essential resource. Recognizing that each individual's experience is unique, I tailor my counselling approach to meet the specific needs of my clients.
01642 053337 View 01642 053337
Photo of Polly Hayes - Polly Hayes Counselling , Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Polly Hayes Counselling
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am an integrative therapist in sessions we talk about what you are feeling in combination with tuning into where and how the emotional dysregulation is manifesting physically. I incorporate gentle exercises specifically designed to release anxieties grip, held within the autonomic nervous system, deepening your connection to self. These exercises involve gentle movements, breathing techniques and information about the body-mind connection. By creating a sense of safety in the body it reduces anxiety widening the capacity to process trauma, which comes in many forms
I am an integrative therapist in sessions we talk about what you are feeling in combination with tuning into where and how the emotional dysregulation is manifesting physically. I incorporate gentle exercises specifically designed to release anxieties grip, held within the autonomic nervous system, deepening your connection to self. These exercises involve gentle movements, breathing techniques and information about the body-mind connection. By creating a sense of safety in the body it reduces anxiety widening the capacity to process trauma, which comes in many forms
01889 223816 View 01889 223816
Photo of Lisa Anne Tomlinson, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Lisa Anne Tomlinson
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
I enjoy working with a variety of clients with a range of difficulties. However, I practically find it meaningful to work with early childhood trauma and to help clients be able to heal from those early emotional wounds that have impacted on their lives in a variety of ways, I find that many issues link to early childhood, even when clients describe their childhood as a good one with healthy relationships. However, I am open to working with clients in the way that feels most comfortable to them, and can be flexible and listen to their feedback on this.
I enjoy working with a variety of clients with a range of difficulties. However, I practically find it meaningful to work with early childhood trauma and to help clients be able to heal from those early emotional wounds that have impacted on their lives in a variety of ways, I find that many issues link to early childhood, even when clients describe their childhood as a good one with healthy relationships. However, I am open to working with clients in the way that feels most comfortable to them, and can be flexible and listen to their feedback on this.
01642 053687 View 01642 053687
Photo of Katherine Banner, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Katherine Banner
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Serves Area
I specialise in the area of feeling 'overwhelmed', 'high anxiety' and your mental health feeling ignored. I am here to support these questions in life: -How can I feel like my self again? -How can I feel calmer? -how can I regain my autonomy -How can I start to trust again? My experience of working with the conscious and unconscious patterns in our life and relationships, enables us to gain a deeper understanding of what is impacting you. I work in a range of areas from high anxiety, bereavement, depression and psychological neglect.
I specialise in the area of feeling 'overwhelmed', 'high anxiety' and your mental health feeling ignored. I am here to support these questions in life: -How can I feel like my self again? -How can I feel calmer? -how can I regain my autonomy -How can I start to trust again? My experience of working with the conscious and unconscious patterns in our life and relationships, enables us to gain a deeper understanding of what is impacting you. I work in a range of areas from high anxiety, bereavement, depression and psychological neglect.
01325 809265 View 01325 809265
Photo of Joanne Airey - Talk To Jo, Counsellor, MBACP
Talk To Jo
Counsellor, MBACP
I provide counselling for individuals and couples. Whether you are seeking personal growth, want to tackle anxiety/depression, cope with grief, change, stress etc, or maybe you are looking to strengthen your relationship, I create a safe, supportive space to explore challenges and move towards positive change. For couples we can focus on developing clearer, calmer communication skills, creating space where both partners feel listened to and understood. I can help you overcome challenges, disputes and disagreements.
I provide counselling for individuals and couples. Whether you are seeking personal growth, want to tackle anxiety/depression, cope with grief, change, stress etc, or maybe you are looking to strengthen your relationship, I create a safe, supportive space to explore challenges and move towards positive change. For couples we can focus on developing clearer, calmer communication skills, creating space where both partners feel listened to and understood. I can help you overcome challenges, disputes and disagreements.
01287 550582 View 01287 550582
Photo of Alan Jukes
Alan Jukes
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hi there, I am a Mental Health and Wellbeing Consultant and an accredited EMDR Therapist and Registered Nurse Mental Health. I have over 20 years’ experience supporting people complex mental health difficulties. I am also a Certified Mindfulness Teacher, Coach and Breathing Therapist. I offer individuals time to focus on their well-being in a safe space which enables people to develop awareness, insight and an opportunity to heal and grow. Whether you are feeling anxious or stuck in life, I will sit with you to create a space where we can develop a journey of healing, insight and discovery towards your true potential
Hi there, I am a Mental Health and Wellbeing Consultant and an accredited EMDR Therapist and Registered Nurse Mental Health. I have over 20 years’ experience supporting people complex mental health difficulties. I am also a Certified Mindfulness Teacher, Coach and Breathing Therapist. I offer individuals time to focus on their well-being in a safe space which enables people to develop awareness, insight and an opportunity to heal and grow. Whether you are feeling anxious or stuck in life, I will sit with you to create a space where we can develop a journey of healing, insight and discovery towards your true potential
01287 551067 View 01287 551067
Photo of Laura Morris - Maze Counselling- MBACP Accred, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Maze Counselling- MBACP Accred
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Serves Area
Many people have worked with me wanting support for debilitating emotions such as anger, sadness and depression, anxiety or a general sense of being lost and alone. I believe that the success of the therapeutic process relies on you finding the right person to work with who enables you to speak openly. I focus of offering a space where I not only listen to clients but really hear them to understand their internal struggles which they may find difficult to articulate verbally Clients say being listened to and able to talk in a warm and trusting environment and encouraged to challenge their thinking has really helped them
Many people have worked with me wanting support for debilitating emotions such as anger, sadness and depression, anxiety or a general sense of being lost and alone. I believe that the success of the therapeutic process relies on you finding the right person to work with who enables you to speak openly. I focus of offering a space where I not only listen to clients but really hear them to understand their internal struggles which they may find difficult to articulate verbally Clients say being listened to and able to talk in a warm and trusting environment and encouraged to challenge their thinking has really helped them
01423 222423 View 01423 222423

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in YO22

< 10

Counsellors in YO22 who prioritize treating:

67% Depression
67% Anxiety
67% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)
67% Trauma and PTSD
67% Self Esteem
67% Stress
33% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Bupa
100% Aviva
100% AXA PPP

How Counsellors in YO22 see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in YO22?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.