Counselling in Cardiff

Photo of Dr Elinor MacCormac, Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Elinor MacCormac
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF14
Waitlist for new clients
I am particularly passionate about working with people who experience low self-esteem or feelings of shame and inadequacy, and to manage the impact of trauma/PTSD. I understand how devastating these feelings and experiences can be and I use a compassionate and trauma-informed perspective to understand and support my clients. I am experienced and passionate about gender and any related challenges and can offer a safe space to consider, discuss and explore gender and trans issues.
I am particularly passionate about working with people who experience low self-esteem or feelings of shame and inadequacy, and to manage the impact of trauma/PTSD. I understand how devastating these feelings and experiences can be and I use a compassionate and trauma-informed perspective to understand and support my clients. I am experienced and passionate about gender and any related challenges and can offer a safe space to consider, discuss and explore gender and trans issues.
01446 509847 View 01446 509847
Photo of Dr Kieran Day, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Kieran Day
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF24
Whether struggling yourself or enquiring for someone else, I understand that choosing to invest in therapy and finding the right therapist can feel daunting. As a Clinical Psychologist in the NHS and private practice, I have over 7 years experience helping people to reduce their suffering and improve their lives. I bring a relaxed and down-to-earth manner to sessions so that therapy feels containing and nurturing. I offer a space to explore whatever is important to you, and to help you find ways to move forward.
Whether struggling yourself or enquiring for someone else, I understand that choosing to invest in therapy and finding the right therapist can feel daunting. As a Clinical Psychologist in the NHS and private practice, I have over 7 years experience helping people to reduce their suffering and improve their lives. I bring a relaxed and down-to-earth manner to sessions so that therapy feels containing and nurturing. I offer a space to explore whatever is important to you, and to help you find ways to move forward.
029 2271 2236 View 029 2271 2236
Photo of Amanda Jayne Pope - Cardiff Holistic Counselling & Psychotherapy, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Cardiff Holistic Counselling & Psychotherapy
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF5
I am passionate about helping you to manage your mental well-being and believe there is a strong connection between the body and the mind. The effects of anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma can be physically felt as well as mentally and emotionally. I understand how overwhelming and debilitating it is to try and cope with daily living when carrying these feelings around with you and just wanting to feel well again. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to help you work through and manage these feelings so that you can start to live your life again without this holding you back.
I am passionate about helping you to manage your mental well-being and believe there is a strong connection between the body and the mind. The effects of anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma can be physically felt as well as mentally and emotionally. I understand how overwhelming and debilitating it is to try and cope with daily living when carrying these feelings around with you and just wanting to feel well again. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to help you work through and manage these feelings so that you can start to live your life again without this holding you back.
01446 502357 View 01446 502357
Photo of Miriam Handren, Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Miriam Handren
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF11
Fully qualified Integrative Psychotherapist with 25 years experience.
Fully qualified Integrative Psychotherapist with 25 years experience.
01446 502344 View 01446 502344
Photo of Dr Lisa-Maria Kraml, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr Lisa-Maria Kraml
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF14
Hi, I’m Lisa, I’m a bilingual (German-English) Clinical Psychologist with a passion for supporting women and families going through IVF, during pregnancy and in the postpartum period as well as supporting parent-child relationships and empowering parents through the journey of parenthood. I like helping families navigate challenges, strengthen emotional connections, foster positive development in children, whilst also helping parents care for their own wellbeing. I view people’s difficulties through a systemic and attachment-focused lens, with compassion, equity, inclusion and feminism as core values in my practice and private life.
Hi, I’m Lisa, I’m a bilingual (German-English) Clinical Psychologist with a passion for supporting women and families going through IVF, during pregnancy and in the postpartum period as well as supporting parent-child relationships and empowering parents through the journey of parenthood. I like helping families navigate challenges, strengthen emotional connections, foster positive development in children, whilst also helping parents care for their own wellbeing. I view people’s difficulties through a systemic and attachment-focused lens, with compassion, equity, inclusion and feminism as core values in my practice and private life.
01446 501396 View 01446 501396
Photo of Ella Hillyer, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Ella Hillyer
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF5
Waitlist for new clients
Hi there! My name is Ella, a BACP registered Counsellor. This may be your first time looking for a Counsellor or maybe you are re-visiting Counselling for an array of reasons. Regardless of your experience with the process it can be an overwhelming and daunting task trying to decide who to choose. I am qualified in Integrative Psychotherapy and Counselling and offer a safe, confidential and compassionate space where we can work together to explore difficulties such as; stress, grief, adverse childhood experiences, trauma, low self esteem, anxiety, depression and more.
Hi there! My name is Ella, a BACP registered Counsellor. This may be your first time looking for a Counsellor or maybe you are re-visiting Counselling for an array of reasons. Regardless of your experience with the process it can be an overwhelming and daunting task trying to decide who to choose. I am qualified in Integrative Psychotherapy and Counselling and offer a safe, confidential and compassionate space where we can work together to explore difficulties such as; stress, grief, adverse childhood experiences, trauma, low self esteem, anxiety, depression and more.
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Photo of Solana Murray, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Solana Murray
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cardiff CF24
The space that I offer you will be all yours. It will be relaxed and comfortable, which will aid in your ability to feel open. Counselling can be daunting, and beginning- even more so. I aim to make this process as simple as possible, with the main focus being you, and what you want to explore. I will offer my knowledge and experience through ideas, solutions, strategies and techniques. Whatever your goal is, I want to help you achieve it.
The space that I offer you will be all yours. It will be relaxed and comfortable, which will aid in your ability to feel open. Counselling can be daunting, and beginning- even more so. I aim to make this process as simple as possible, with the main focus being you, and what you want to explore. I will offer my knowledge and experience through ideas, solutions, strategies and techniques. Whatever your goal is, I want to help you achieve it.
029 2271 2815 View 029 2271 2815
Photo of Katrina King, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Katrina King
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Online Only
I am a dedicated, conscientious, and empathetic professional offering a relaxed, confidential environment to help you address any difficulties you may be experiencing in your life. I have a warm, compassionate nature and a deep understanding of a wide range of issues, including anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, bereavement, addictions (such as smoking and weight issues), phobias, and emotional abuse.
I am a dedicated, conscientious, and empathetic professional offering a relaxed, confidential environment to help you address any difficulties you may be experiencing in your life. I have a warm, compassionate nature and a deep understanding of a wide range of issues, including anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, bereavement, addictions (such as smoking and weight issues), phobias, and emotional abuse.
01446 500432 View 01446 500432
Photo of Sarah Gauci - Umeus Talk , Counsellor, MBACP
Umeus Talk
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF24
Hi I'm Sarah, a Counsellor and Relationship Therapist. I am based in discreet location in Roath, Cardiff and I would like to help you move towards a happier future. With many years experience, you will find that I am a warm, friendly and effective Counsellor, that will help you feel at ease as you embark on what could be a life changing experience.
Hi I'm Sarah, a Counsellor and Relationship Therapist. I am based in discreet location in Roath, Cardiff and I would like to help you move towards a happier future. With many years experience, you will find that I am a warm, friendly and effective Counsellor, that will help you feel at ease as you embark on what could be a life changing experience.
029 2271 0185 View 029 2271 0185
Photo of Peter Hudson, Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Peter Hudson
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF10
Coming to therapy can feel like a big step. At least it did for me! Most people at different times in their lives face problems that may seem insurmountable, seem to be recurrent or seem rooted in their pasts. Being with someone who can truly listen to you and help you explore yourself, your issues and your emotions can help bring about change. Often, I think, we come to therapy in order to discover the true reason why we have come to therapy. The source of the issue is not always apparent but in the supportive and unhurried space of our therapy sessions, the agency and self-healing abilities we all possess can be stimulated.
Coming to therapy can feel like a big step. At least it did for me! Most people at different times in their lives face problems that may seem insurmountable, seem to be recurrent or seem rooted in their pasts. Being with someone who can truly listen to you and help you explore yourself, your issues and your emotions can help bring about change. Often, I think, we come to therapy in order to discover the true reason why we have come to therapy. The source of the issue is not always apparent but in the supportive and unhurried space of our therapy sessions, the agency and self-healing abilities we all possess can be stimulated.
01446 501449 View 01446 501449
Photo of Dr Chris James - Dr. Chris James - Sleep Specialist & Adult ADHD, Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Dr. Chris James - Sleep Specialist & Adult ADHD
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Online Only
Psychological support is about investing in you. Life can be chaotic, intense, confusing, and we can be left feeling disconnected from ourselves, our lives, and the people around us. Sometimes we just need some space to stop and think. Psychological support is also about developing a deeper understanding of yourself - who you are, what you need, what matters to you. For others, it's about building on existing skills - how to get more out of relationships, improving communication, being more assertive, boosting your sleep and performance, learning to be the best version of yourself.
Psychological support is about investing in you. Life can be chaotic, intense, confusing, and we can be left feeling disconnected from ourselves, our lives, and the people around us. Sometimes we just need some space to stop and think. Psychological support is also about developing a deeper understanding of yourself - who you are, what you need, what matters to you. For others, it's about building on existing skills - how to get more out of relationships, improving communication, being more assertive, boosting your sleep and performance, learning to be the best version of yourself.
029 2271 1631 View 029 2271 1631
Photo of Samantha Jane Davies, Counsellor, MBACP
Samantha Jane Davies
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF24
Experienced in counselling adults, children/adolescents, I am an Integrative therapist able to tailor my approach to your individual needs. The therapy I provide will be individual to you, not just theoretically; but also in the way we work together. We can achieve this by using talking therapy and/or creative therapy, it is completely your choice. I work collaboratively where together we will explore your goals and discuss how best to help you, you will not be alone. Exploration of the difficulties you face can encourage new perspectives, enabling you to move forward with increased insight, promoting acceptance and change.
Experienced in counselling adults, children/adolescents, I am an Integrative therapist able to tailor my approach to your individual needs. The therapy I provide will be individual to you, not just theoretically; but also in the way we work together. We can achieve this by using talking therapy and/or creative therapy, it is completely your choice. I work collaboratively where together we will explore your goals and discuss how best to help you, you will not be alone. Exploration of the difficulties you face can encourage new perspectives, enabling you to move forward with increased insight, promoting acceptance and change.
01446 501534 View 01446 501534
Photo of Audra Maio, Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Audra Maio
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF5
Not accepting new clients
I am a qualified psychotherapist trained in Art Psychotherapy. I am here to provide a safe and compassionate, non-judgemental space for you to share what brings you to the therapy room. When we understand how we are feeling about what is happening in our lives, we can start to make sense of our world and our place in it. The act of creating can help you to connect with and express your emotions when the right words escape you. Materials are provided for your use in the session should you wish to use them. I work with people of all ages and from all backgrounds.
I am a qualified psychotherapist trained in Art Psychotherapy. I am here to provide a safe and compassionate, non-judgemental space for you to share what brings you to the therapy room. When we understand how we are feeling about what is happening in our lives, we can start to make sense of our world and our place in it. The act of creating can help you to connect with and express your emotions when the right words escape you. Materials are provided for your use in the session should you wish to use them. I work with people of all ages and from all backgrounds.
01446 501043 View 01446 501043
Photo of Louise Duggan, Counsellor, MBACP
Louise Duggan
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Are you feeling lonely, isolated, depressed, anxious or have thoughts of suicide? Have you experienced an event such as bereavement, loss of a job or the end of a relationship? Is your self esteem or confidence low? Are you Autistic or ADHD and would like somewhere safe to explore how to navigate your way around a neurotypical world whilst remaining your authentic self?  Is your child Autistic/ADHD/PDA?  Is your child not fine in school? I offer counselling to help you explore your feelings safely and without judgement.
Are you feeling lonely, isolated, depressed, anxious or have thoughts of suicide? Have you experienced an event such as bereavement, loss of a job or the end of a relationship? Is your self esteem or confidence low? Are you Autistic or ADHD and would like somewhere safe to explore how to navigate your way around a neurotypical world whilst remaining your authentic self?  Is your child Autistic/ADHD/PDA?  Is your child not fine in school? I offer counselling to help you explore your feelings safely and without judgement.
029 2271 0028 View 029 2271 0028
Photo of Liz May Hood - Woodland Counselling for Couples and Individuals, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Woodland Counselling for Couples and Individuals
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF14
I have trained as an integrative counsellor, and believe that therapy can help us evolve from surviving to thriving. I became a counsellor for many reasons, but fundamentally because of the powerful way in which counselling can help you take back control of your life story; tomorrow does not have to be like yesterday. I can offer you a calm space to explore what feels safe to you until you are ready and I will not make assumptions about the individual struggles you are going through. I work with the full belief that it is possible to find a way through your experiences and re-gain that sense of who you are.
I have trained as an integrative counsellor, and believe that therapy can help us evolve from surviving to thriving. I became a counsellor for many reasons, but fundamentally because of the powerful way in which counselling can help you take back control of your life story; tomorrow does not have to be like yesterday. I can offer you a calm space to explore what feels safe to you until you are ready and I will not make assumptions about the individual struggles you are going through. I work with the full belief that it is possible to find a way through your experiences and re-gain that sense of who you are.
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Photo of Cliona Edel Vaughan - Cliona Vaughan Therapy, Counsellor, MBACP
Cliona Vaughan Therapy
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF14
Waitlist for new clients
I am passionate about helping people who are experiencing difficulties in life. I offer a non-judgemental, caring and confidential space for you to share situations and challenges that are causing pain or distress as long as you feel safe and comfortable. I draw upon a combination of therapeutic techniques to guide and support you. I am a qualified Integrative Counsellor (Level 7) and SF Hypnotherapist. My approach is to help you explore and overcome obstacles that are holding you back, empowering you to move forward in your life. I believe that you are the expert on yourself and I will support you on your journey to wellness.
I am passionate about helping people who are experiencing difficulties in life. I offer a non-judgemental, caring and confidential space for you to share situations and challenges that are causing pain or distress as long as you feel safe and comfortable. I draw upon a combination of therapeutic techniques to guide and support you. I am a qualified Integrative Counsellor (Level 7) and SF Hypnotherapist. My approach is to help you explore and overcome obstacles that are holding you back, empowering you to move forward in your life. I believe that you are the expert on yourself and I will support you on your journey to wellness.
01446 501359 View 01446 501359
Photo of Kyle James (Psychotherapist), Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Kyle James (Psychotherapist)
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF10
Thank you for visiting my page. If you're reading this, it's likely that you're going through a difficult period and could value some support. I'm a qualified and accredited Psychotherapist and Trainee Psychologist offering online CBT therapy to help you overcome your difficulties. CBT is a type of talking therapy that helps you to understand yourself and develop bespoke coping mechanisms. CBT focuses on how certain experiences and situations can impact your thoughts, feelings, and actions. Sessions will focus on understanding your difficulties and exploring effective and bespoke tools and strategies that work for you.
Thank you for visiting my page. If you're reading this, it's likely that you're going through a difficult period and could value some support. I'm a qualified and accredited Psychotherapist and Trainee Psychologist offering online CBT therapy to help you overcome your difficulties. CBT is a type of talking therapy that helps you to understand yourself and develop bespoke coping mechanisms. CBT focuses on how certain experiences and situations can impact your thoughts, feelings, and actions. Sessions will focus on understanding your difficulties and exploring effective and bespoke tools and strategies that work for you.
01446 506822 View 01446 506822
Photo of Angelika Klosinska, Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MNCPS Acc.
Angelika Klosinska
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cardiff CF10
It can feel overwhelming to contact a therapist and consider that you may need support, however, it is never too late to ask for help as it shows a sign of strength in a person and a readiness for change. I am offering both long-term and short-term therapy where we can engage in insightful ways to explore your feelings, thoughts and behaviours. My aim is to build a trusting and non-judgmental relationship that helps you to develop self-awareness to work through and reflect on any issues you might be experiencing.
It can feel overwhelming to contact a therapist and consider that you may need support, however, it is never too late to ask for help as it shows a sign of strength in a person and a readiness for change. I am offering both long-term and short-term therapy where we can engage in insightful ways to explore your feelings, thoughts and behaviours. My aim is to build a trusting and non-judgmental relationship that helps you to develop self-awareness to work through and reflect on any issues you might be experiencing.
01446 500780 View 01446 500780
Photo of Arfa Begum, Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Arfa Begum
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Cardiff CF24
Hello, I hope you are all well and I can understand the uncertainty, struggle, stress, and worries this COVID-19 pandemic has brought about. We are all in a similar boat and highly likely experiencing similar emotions. I would like to do my bit and my best to help you get through this difficult time. Hence, I am offering low-cost counseling for those experiencing financial difficulties or receiving universal credit. I can help with building resilience, boosting self -esteem, confidence and strategies that can help instantly switch off worries and overcome or manage anxiety and depression.
Hello, I hope you are all well and I can understand the uncertainty, struggle, stress, and worries this COVID-19 pandemic has brought about. We are all in a similar boat and highly likely experiencing similar emotions. I would like to do my bit and my best to help you get through this difficult time. Hence, I am offering low-cost counseling for those experiencing financial difficulties or receiving universal credit. I can help with building resilience, boosting self -esteem, confidence and strategies that can help instantly switch off worries and overcome or manage anxiety and depression.
029 2267 1991 View 029 2267 1991
Photo of Azemina Dani, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Azemina Dani
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Each of us face times in life when we experience difficulties which can lead us to feel anxious, stuck, or depressed. I offer a safe and confidential space for you to share thoughts, emotions and life experiences. I aim to always create a warm and collaborative environment going at your pace in which you can express yourself without fear of judgement. I have a gentle yet sincere approach which has the ultimate aim of unlocking your own resources to help you to achieve your potential and lead a more fulfilling, healthy, and satisfying life.
Each of us face times in life when we experience difficulties which can lead us to feel anxious, stuck, or depressed. I offer a safe and confidential space for you to share thoughts, emotions and life experiences. I aim to always create a warm and collaborative environment going at your pace in which you can express yourself without fear of judgement. I have a gentle yet sincere approach which has the ultimate aim of unlocking your own resources to help you to achieve your potential and lead a more fulfilling, healthy, and satisfying life.
01733 530206 View 01733 530206
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See more therapy options for Cardiff

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Cardiff

200+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Cardiff who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
84% Stress
81% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
65% Bereavement

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

66% Aviva
57% AXA PPP
52% Bupa

How Counsellors in Cardiff see their clients

70% In Person and Online
30% Online Only

Gender breakdown

73% Female
25% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Cardiff?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.