Photo of Nicola Joy Armstrong-Pruce, Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Nicola Joy Armstrong-Pruce
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Online Only
Hi there, I'm Nicola and a very warm welcome to my page here at Psychology Today. You have taken the first step in moving forwards towards a more full filling life. Within our counselling relationship your issues, whatever they may be, can be discussed, acknowledged, accepted and addressed. Whether these are the bigger life transitions such as bereavement or relationship breakdown, or everyday frustrations such as breaking free of habits that no longer serve you.
Hi there, I'm Nicola and a very warm welcome to my page here at Psychology Today. You have taken the first step in moving forwards towards a more full filling life. Within our counselling relationship your issues, whatever they may be, can be discussed, acknowledged, accepted and addressed. Whether these are the bigger life transitions such as bereavement or relationship breakdown, or everyday frustrations such as breaking free of habits that no longer serve you.
01446 506800 View 01446 506800
Photo of Tracy Brain, Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Tracy Brain
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Barry CF62
I am an experienced psychotherapist. I’ve worked in the NHS and in private practice for many years. I work with families, couples and individual clients providing psychotherapy for problems such as anxiety, depression, trauma, eating disorders and relationship problems. I provide a safe space within my home to have conversations together that are kind and compassionate.
I am an experienced psychotherapist. I’ve worked in the NHS and in private practice for many years. I work with families, couples and individual clients providing psychotherapy for problems such as anxiety, depression, trauma, eating disorders and relationship problems. I provide a safe space within my home to have conversations together that are kind and compassionate.
01446 501477 View 01446 501477
Photo of Andrew Higginbottom, Counsellor, PsychD, MNCPS Acc.
Andrew Higginbottom
Counsellor, PsychD, MNCPS Acc.
3 Endorsed
Barry CF63
Hello and welcome, I’m Andrew. I know how daunting it can be to seek help and so creating a safe and secure space for us to work within a non-judgemental, confidential environment is my primary goal. I strive to tailor the counselling sessions for you as an individual and hence I view our time together as a collaboration in creating a strong working alliance. I also believe that having completed a Masters in Psychological Sciences enables me to bring a greater depth and understanding to the sessions, within a therapeutic framework. I enjoy bringing psycho-education to sessions for greater understanding.
Hello and welcome, I’m Andrew. I know how daunting it can be to seek help and so creating a safe and secure space for us to work within a non-judgemental, confidential environment is my primary goal. I strive to tailor the counselling sessions for you as an individual and hence I view our time together as a collaboration in creating a strong working alliance. I also believe that having completed a Masters in Psychological Sciences enables me to bring a greater depth and understanding to the sessions, within a therapeutic framework. I enjoy bringing psycho-education to sessions for greater understanding.
01446 501338 View 01446 501338
Photo of Kathryn Hobbs - Kathryn Hobbs Counselling, Counsellor, MBACP
Kathryn Hobbs Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Barry CF62
You might be experiencing anxiety, low mood, or self esteem issues, these may be related to a traumatic experience in your adulthood such as abuse or bullying. Or you may have had a difficult childhood and as a result believe difficult and damaging things about yourself. You may be stuck in a rut of negative self talk or your anxiety may be preventing you from going out, seeing friends, working or starting new relationships. You may have been diagnosed with ADHD or Autism and are struggling to come to terms with what this means for you. You may feel angry a lot and not understand why or have relationship issues.
You might be experiencing anxiety, low mood, or self esteem issues, these may be related to a traumatic experience in your adulthood such as abuse or bullying. Or you may have had a difficult childhood and as a result believe difficult and damaging things about yourself. You may be stuck in a rut of negative self talk or your anxiety may be preventing you from going out, seeing friends, working or starting new relationships. You may have been diagnosed with ADHD or Autism and are struggling to come to terms with what this means for you. You may feel angry a lot and not understand why or have relationship issues.
01446 502300 View 01446 502300
Photo of Kirsten Hobbs - clarity counselling , Counsellor, MBACP
clarity counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Barry CF63
Would like to talk to someone in a safe , welcoming environment? Are you having feelings of uncertainty and distress? Are you struggling to navigate Life? Are you struggling to communicate with others or understand your own feelings? Do you get Feelings of sadness or hopelessness? Perhaps you feel Anxious or have low mood or you may be struggling with Past or present trauma? Please contact me for how therapy can help you or if you have any questions about starting counselling. Reaching out for the first time or even after previous therapy can feel really difficult. I'm here to help you. Let's talk.
Would like to talk to someone in a safe , welcoming environment? Are you having feelings of uncertainty and distress? Are you struggling to navigate Life? Are you struggling to communicate with others or understand your own feelings? Do you get Feelings of sadness or hopelessness? Perhaps you feel Anxious or have low mood or you may be struggling with Past or present trauma? Please contact me for how therapy can help you or if you have any questions about starting counselling. Reaching out for the first time or even after previous therapy can feel really difficult. I'm here to help you. Let's talk.
01446 489472 View 01446 489472
Photo of Victoria Lock, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Victoria Lock
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Barry CF63
I am a dedicated, compassionate, professional counselling who adopts a pluralistic approach to therapy. With a wealth of experience in the field, I strive to create a safe and supportive environment for individuals seeking guidance and personal growth. I firmly believe in empowering clients to take an active role in their therapeutic journey, tailoring my approach to meet your needs and preferences.
I am a dedicated, compassionate, professional counselling who adopts a pluralistic approach to therapy. With a wealth of experience in the field, I strive to create a safe and supportive environment for individuals seeking guidance and personal growth. I firmly believe in empowering clients to take an active role in their therapeutic journey, tailoring my approach to meet your needs and preferences.
01446 501038 View 01446 501038
Photo of Samantha Hinton - Re-Assemble ADHD Counselling, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Re-Assemble ADHD Counselling
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Online Only
Hello there! I'm Sam and I've 20 years' experience in mental health and a lifetime of experience managing ADHD! Many practitioners have no lived experience of ADHD and ASD, making it hard for neurodiverse people to feel truly understood. As a professional neurodiverse woman, I have found that services for people like me are hard to find and so I offer ADHD and Autism specific counselling with life skills (like coaching but specifically related to ADHD symptoms) in a non - judgemental and shame free environment, no matter your background. Please check your spam folder for my email replies if you have used the contact button!
Hello there! I'm Sam and I've 20 years' experience in mental health and a lifetime of experience managing ADHD! Many practitioners have no lived experience of ADHD and ASD, making it hard for neurodiverse people to feel truly understood. As a professional neurodiverse woman, I have found that services for people like me are hard to find and so I offer ADHD and Autism specific counselling with life skills (like coaching but specifically related to ADHD symptoms) in a non - judgemental and shame free environment, no matter your background. Please check your spam folder for my email replies if you have used the contact button!
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Photo of Paul Owen Phillips, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Paul Owen Phillips
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
2 Endorsed
Barry CF63
I am an experienced, accredited and qualified counsellor & counselling supervisor. I will work with you to overcome your challenges in life in a supportive and effective way by providing a safe and non-judgemental environment where you will feel comfortable and at ease to speak openly in order to work constructively and collaboratively together to help you reach your goals by understanding your life experience. In addition to my strong Person-Centred approach to therapy I use several other therapeutic models to support my work, including CBT and Psychodynamic approaches to help clients in multiple ways like depression and anxiety.
I am an experienced, accredited and qualified counsellor & counselling supervisor. I will work with you to overcome your challenges in life in a supportive and effective way by providing a safe and non-judgemental environment where you will feel comfortable and at ease to speak openly in order to work constructively and collaboratively together to help you reach your goals by understanding your life experience. In addition to my strong Person-Centred approach to therapy I use several other therapeutic models to support my work, including CBT and Psychodynamic approaches to help clients in multiple ways like depression and anxiety.
01446 509150 View 01446 509150
Photo of Dani O'Connor, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Dani O'Connor
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
2 Endorsed
Barry CF63
If you are seeking a supportive, empathic counsellor, I welcome the opportunity to assist you on your journey to personal growth and positive change. I will work with you to challenge those thoughts that aren't serving your best interests and looking how we can reframe and change them to make them work for you.
If you are seeking a supportive, empathic counsellor, I welcome the opportunity to assist you on your journey to personal growth and positive change. I will work with you to challenge those thoughts that aren't serving your best interests and looking how we can reframe and change them to make them work for you.
01446 502291 View 01446 502291
Photo of Tahreen Arshad, Counsellor, MBACP
Tahreen Arshad
Counsellor, MBACP
Barry CF63
Welcome, I'm Tahreen, I am qualified counsellor. I'm truly aware that the first step on this journey can be overwhelming please be reassured I will always work at a pace that you feel comfortable with as we are working towards your desired goals. I work with a non-hierarchical framework focusing on the principles of safety, trust, choice, collaboration, empowerment and cultural consideration. I am caring, compassionate and genuinely interested in listening to each of my client’s personal experiences with the understanding that each individual is unique.
Welcome, I'm Tahreen, I am qualified counsellor. I'm truly aware that the first step on this journey can be overwhelming please be reassured I will always work at a pace that you feel comfortable with as we are working towards your desired goals. I work with a non-hierarchical framework focusing on the principles of safety, trust, choice, collaboration, empowerment and cultural consideration. I am caring, compassionate and genuinely interested in listening to each of my client’s personal experiences with the understanding that each individual is unique.
01446 501406 View 01446 501406
Photo of Nanneke Morgan, Counsellor, MBACP
Nanneke Morgan
Counsellor, MBACP
Barry CF62
Hello, my name is Nanneke and I am a Psychotherapeutic counsellor specialised in childhood trauma. When bad things happen in your childhood, such as abuse, loss of parents, violence, neglect, being taken into care - just to name a few - this can have a devastating impact on the rest of your life. Relationship problems, addictions, eating disorders, physical problems, and lots more, can all have a link to your past. If you would like a chat with me to find out a little bit more, why don't you send me an email or text and ask for a phone call, free of charge. I look forward to meeting you.
Hello, my name is Nanneke and I am a Psychotherapeutic counsellor specialised in childhood trauma. When bad things happen in your childhood, such as abuse, loss of parents, violence, neglect, being taken into care - just to name a few - this can have a devastating impact on the rest of your life. Relationship problems, addictions, eating disorders, physical problems, and lots more, can all have a link to your past. If you would like a chat with me to find out a little bit more, why don't you send me an email or text and ask for a phone call, free of charge. I look forward to meeting you.
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Photo of Jolian Ardolino, Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
Jolian Ardolino
Counsellor, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
1 Endorsed
Barry CF63
You’re always “switched on” – spinning plates, meeting deadlines, supporting everyone else. You’re the one people turn to. But lately, you’ve felt worn out but also wired, anxious beneath the surface. You keep showing up, but it’s getting harder to feel present. "How can nobody else see this?" Even when things look fine from the outside, you feel like you’re slowly unravelling. You wonder when it became normal to ignore your own needs just to get through the week. Even taking some time off doesn't help, the problem's still there when I get back. "Who's there for me?"
You’re always “switched on” – spinning plates, meeting deadlines, supporting everyone else. You’re the one people turn to. But lately, you’ve felt worn out but also wired, anxious beneath the surface. You keep showing up, but it’s getting harder to feel present. "How can nobody else see this?" Even when things look fine from the outside, you feel like you’re slowly unravelling. You wonder when it became normal to ignore your own needs just to get through the week. Even taking some time off doesn't help, the problem's still there when I get back. "Who's there for me?"
01446 506707 View 01446 506707
Photo of Amanda Jayne Pope - Cardiff Holistic Counselling & Psychotherapy, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Cardiff Holistic Counselling & Psychotherapy
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
Not accepting new clients
I am passionate about helping you to manage your mental well-being and believe there is a strong connection between the body and the mind. The effects of anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma can be physically felt as well as mentally and emotionally. I understand how overwhelming and debilitating it is to try and cope with daily living when carrying these feelings around with you and just wanting to feel well again. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to help you work through and manage these feelings so that you can start to live your life again without this holding you back.
I am passionate about helping you to manage your mental well-being and believe there is a strong connection between the body and the mind. The effects of anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma can be physically felt as well as mentally and emotionally. I understand how overwhelming and debilitating it is to try and cope with daily living when carrying these feelings around with you and just wanting to feel well again. I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to help you work through and manage these feelings so that you can start to live your life again without this holding you back.
01446 502357 View 01446 502357
Photo of Karen Mary Woodley, Counsellor, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Karen Mary Woodley
Counsellor, MA, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
I love what the Humanistic Integrative Psychotherapy College (HIPC) says: "Humanistic Integrative Psychotherapy relies upon the importance of the relationship between the therapist and client to enable mind, body, feeling, and soul to come together as a whole." I know how vital the one-to-one relationship is in helping you re-discover or discover who you are for the first time and find your place in the world. My approach is relational, where we work together on the issues you want to look at co-creatively.
I love what the Humanistic Integrative Psychotherapy College (HIPC) says: "Humanistic Integrative Psychotherapy relies upon the importance of the relationship between the therapist and client to enable mind, body, feeling, and soul to come together as a whole." I know how vital the one-to-one relationship is in helping you re-discover or discover who you are for the first time and find your place in the world. My approach is relational, where we work together on the issues you want to look at co-creatively.
01952 780152 View 01952 780152
Photo of Dr Paula Riella, Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Dr Paula Riella
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Online Only
I am a chartered psychologist with 26 years of therapeutic experience of working in the NHS, the police service, education and private practice. I am an integrative practitioner and work with a variety of psychological models. These include: CBT, EMDR, compassion focused therapy, relational and systemic psychotherapy. I offer treatment sessions via video conferencing. I also provide supervision to psychologists, counsellors and psychotherapists.
I am a chartered psychologist with 26 years of therapeutic experience of working in the NHS, the police service, education and private practice. I am an integrative practitioner and work with a variety of psychological models. These include: CBT, EMDR, compassion focused therapy, relational and systemic psychotherapy. I offer treatment sessions via video conferencing. I also provide supervision to psychologists, counsellors and psychotherapists.
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Photo of Claire Emma Rowlands-Gent, Psychotherapist, MBACP
Claire Emma Rowlands-Gent
Psychotherapist, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Working creatively to explore the spoken and unspoken. I'm a qualified Humanistic Existential Therapist, specialising in Substance use, Sex and Pornography addiction and compulsive behaviours. ( Family and Partners.. Hoarding, OCD, Anxiety, Sexuality are a few of the areas that I have many years experience working with clients on ) I can offer work with yourself and/or your partner.  I have a passion for working with people to help them explore the outcome that they are eager to work towards. Using an integrated needs-led approach. I offer  a fully tailored service to meet each individual and couple's needs.
Working creatively to explore the spoken and unspoken. I'm a qualified Humanistic Existential Therapist, specialising in Substance use, Sex and Pornography addiction and compulsive behaviours. ( Family and Partners.. Hoarding, OCD, Anxiety, Sexuality are a few of the areas that I have many years experience working with clients on ) I can offer work with yourself and/or your partner.  I have a passion for working with people to help them explore the outcome that they are eager to work towards. Using an integrated needs-led approach. I offer  a fully tailored service to meet each individual and couple's needs.
07723 476396 View 07723 476396
Photo of Gail Duffy, Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Gail Duffy
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Serves Area
What might bring you to think about counselling? Are you worried, losing sleep, without hope, repeating patterns of behaviour and thoughts that are not working for you? Counselling can provide you with a safe space to explore areas such as child loss, limiting beliefs, mindset change, anxiety, depression, anger management, low self esteem, confidence, family issues, challenges of parenting - along with many other areas that may be concerning you. You might want to find clarity for the future and set some goals through coaching sessions.
What might bring you to think about counselling? Are you worried, losing sleep, without hope, repeating patterns of behaviour and thoughts that are not working for you? Counselling can provide you with a safe space to explore areas such as child loss, limiting beliefs, mindset change, anxiety, depression, anger management, low self esteem, confidence, family issues, challenges of parenting - along with many other areas that may be concerning you. You might want to find clarity for the future and set some goals through coaching sessions.
029 2167 9447 View 029 2167 9447
Photo of Annie Szary, Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Annie Szary
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Online Only
Counselling & Psychotherapy help you overcome life’s problems, improve your well-being & help make positive changes to lead a more fulfilling life. I have over 12 years of working in counselling, psychotherapy & Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and over 25 years registered social work with family's . I offer CBT & counselling for many problems which affect people throughout the course of their lives. I offer help with issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma & generational trauma, stress and anger issues, PTSD, insomnia, low self-esteem, self-harm, drug & alcohol issues, complex bereavement and childhood abuse.
Counselling & Psychotherapy help you overcome life’s problems, improve your well-being & help make positive changes to lead a more fulfilling life. I have over 12 years of working in counselling, psychotherapy & Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and over 25 years registered social work with family's . I offer CBT & counselling for many problems which affect people throughout the course of their lives. I offer help with issues such as anxiety, depression, trauma & generational trauma, stress and anger issues, PTSD, insomnia, low self-esteem, self-harm, drug & alcohol issues, complex bereavement and childhood abuse.
029 2167 3529 View 029 2167 3529
Photo of Julie Dawn Jones - JDJC, Counsellor, BACP
JDJC
Counsellor, BACP
1 Endorsed
Online Only
The overall aim of Counselling and Therapy is to provide an opportunity for you to work towards living by where experiences are more satisfying. The process of Counselling becomes itself one of life's new situations: It offers an opportunity to experience life differently and to extend the range of ways in which you can operate in the world with greater satisfaction. "EVERY JOURNEY STARTS WITH ONE SMALL STEP"!!!!
The overall aim of Counselling and Therapy is to provide an opportunity for you to work towards living by where experiences are more satisfying. The process of Counselling becomes itself one of life's new situations: It offers an opportunity to experience life differently and to extend the range of ways in which you can operate in the world with greater satisfaction. "EVERY JOURNEY STARTS WITH ONE SMALL STEP"!!!!
029 2167 3089 View 029 2167 3089
Photo of Caithlin Tracey, Counsellor, MBACP
Caithlin Tracey
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
I am a specialist women’s therapist, working with anxiety, panic, overwhelm, social anxiety, agoraphobia, constant worry, overthinking, insomnia, low self-esteem, people pleasing, boundary issues, difficult childhood experiences. I’m equally comfortable working alongside or outside of mental health diagnoses and labels. I always work to your pace and comfort levels, and offer skills to help clients feel calmer, more confident, grounded, in control. We can work together to uncover how past events may have lead to your current issues, or alternatively focus solely on addressing current experiences. Or both. It’s always your choice.
I am a specialist women’s therapist, working with anxiety, panic, overwhelm, social anxiety, agoraphobia, constant worry, overthinking, insomnia, low self-esteem, people pleasing, boundary issues, difficult childhood experiences. I’m equally comfortable working alongside or outside of mental health diagnoses and labels. I always work to your pace and comfort levels, and offer skills to help clients feel calmer, more confident, grounded, in control. We can work together to uncover how past events may have lead to your current issues, or alternatively focus solely on addressing current experiences. Or both. It’s always your choice.
029 2271 2290 View 029 2271 2290
1

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Barry

20+

Average cost per session

£55

Counsellors in Barry who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
85% Depression
85% Self Esteem
85% Stress
81% Bereavement
74% Relationship Issues
67% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

60% Aviva
60% AXA PPP
60% Bupa

How Counsellors in Barry see their clients

78% In Person and Online
22% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Barry?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.