Photo of Romina Richardson, MSc, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Romina Richardson
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
A predictor of great outcomes in therapy is determined by the quality of the relationship between client and therapist. As such, my approach invites a collaborative process together in order to achieve long-lasting change in your healing and flourishing journey. I tailor individualised understandings of what you bring to therapy and together, we agree therapeutic goals and work towards them. I work with a large variety of therapeutic modalities and tools to navigate and attend to your unique support needs and therapy goals.
A predictor of great outcomes in therapy is determined by the quality of the relationship between client and therapist. As such, my approach invites a collaborative process together in order to achieve long-lasting change in your healing and flourishing journey. I tailor individualised understandings of what you bring to therapy and together, we agree therapeutic goals and work towards them. I work with a large variety of therapeutic modalities and tools to navigate and attend to your unique support needs and therapy goals.
020 4538 1186 View 020 4538 1186
Photo of India Haylor, MSc, MNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
India Haylor
Psychotherapist, MSc, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
I am an accredited OCD specialist with 18 years of professional experience following my own journey with OCD. I train, treat, write, speak about OCD and am a huge advocate of specialised mental healthcare. I believe all clients have the right to this, as they do with physical healthcare. I have developed a NICE-directed, evidence-based CBT protocol for OCD which offers real, effective 3rd generation treatment, delivered with compassion & expertise.
I am an accredited OCD specialist with 18 years of professional experience following my own journey with OCD. I train, treat, write, speak about OCD and am a huge advocate of specialised mental healthcare. I believe all clients have the right to this, as they do with physical healthcare. I have developed a NICE-directed, evidence-based CBT protocol for OCD which offers real, effective 3rd generation treatment, delivered with compassion & expertise.
020 4538 6628 View 020 4538 6628
Photo of Rayna Denitsova, PhD, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Rayna Denitsova
Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
Verified Verified
I use a combination of psychodynamic, attachment-based and Jungian approaches to help individuals think about their relationships. Relationships can be the place where we feel the most creative and alive but they can also leave us vulnerable to abandonment, unhealthy dependancy, feelings of impotence and despair. If you are struggling with intimate relationships, it feels difficult to find a partner, a recent break-up is keeping you hostage or your relationships are following the same pattern, it might be crucial to explore what might be going on underneath the surface.
I use a combination of psychodynamic, attachment-based and Jungian approaches to help individuals think about their relationships. Relationships can be the place where we feel the most creative and alive but they can also leave us vulnerable to abandonment, unhealthy dependancy, feelings of impotence and despair. If you are struggling with intimate relationships, it feels difficult to find a partner, a recent break-up is keeping you hostage or your relationships are following the same pattern, it might be crucial to explore what might be going on underneath the surface.
01748 902419 View 01748 902419
Photo of Lea Kristensen, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Lea Kristensen
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
I am a fully qualified psychodynamic psychotherapist with experience in clinical and private settings. I have completed extensive and rigorous training at WPF Therapy, one of the leading and most established training institutions in UK.
I am a fully qualified psychodynamic psychotherapist with experience in clinical and private settings. I have completed extensive and rigorous training at WPF Therapy, one of the leading and most established training institutions in UK.
020 3870 2423 View 020 3870 2423
Photo of Aaron Wiener-Blotner, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Aaron Wiener-Blotner
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Life can be complicated, and sometimes we feel at odds with ourselves, unsure of why we struggle or feel stuck. Whether you're facing relationship difficulties or feelings of being overwhelmed, you don’t have to do it alone. My approach creates a space to explore life's challenges. I specialize in helping individuals navigate complex trauma and emotional challenges. My role is to guide you toward greater self-awareness and a more authentic, unburdened sense of self.
Life can be complicated, and sometimes we feel at odds with ourselves, unsure of why we struggle or feel stuck. Whether you're facing relationship difficulties or feelings of being overwhelmed, you don’t have to do it alone. My approach creates a space to explore life's challenges. I specialize in helping individuals navigate complex trauma and emotional challenges. My role is to guide you toward greater self-awareness and a more authentic, unburdened sense of self.
020 3828 7653 View 020 3828 7653
Photo of Pierpaolo Paparo, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Pierpaolo Paparo
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
My interest in psychotherapy, spirituality and meditation began after the end of my marriage several years ago, which like many other types of losses, triggered a lot of suffering. ​Life transition, family and friends losses, the breakup of long-term relationships, stress, anxiety and depression are all part of human suffering. However, we have an innate capability, which we can strengthen, that allows us to navigate and, more importantly, learn from our most difficult life experiences.
My interest in psychotherapy, spirituality and meditation began after the end of my marriage several years ago, which like many other types of losses, triggered a lot of suffering. ​Life transition, family and friends losses, the breakup of long-term relationships, stress, anxiety and depression are all part of human suffering. However, we have an innate capability, which we can strengthen, that allows us to navigate and, more importantly, learn from our most difficult life experiences.
020 3667 5118 View 020 3667 5118
Photo of Marina Milidou, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Marina Milidou
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
We all struggle from time to time with sudden changes, unwanted changes, debilitating changes, desired but postponed changes, empty-promised changes... An integrative therapy model offers that flexibility needed to be shifting between working in "here and now" as well as revisiting the past and exploring what triggers our pain and what can contribute to our healing. Together we shall co-create a safe space for honest conversations and self-reflections, which will enable deep discussions about what can we improve as well as how often we stay "stuck" or even sabotage ourselves from living an authentic & purposeful life.
We all struggle from time to time with sudden changes, unwanted changes, debilitating changes, desired but postponed changes, empty-promised changes... An integrative therapy model offers that flexibility needed to be shifting between working in "here and now" as well as revisiting the past and exploring what triggers our pain and what can contribute to our healing. Together we shall co-create a safe space for honest conversations and self-reflections, which will enable deep discussions about what can we improve as well as how often we stay "stuck" or even sabotage ourselves from living an authentic & purposeful life.
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Photo of Indre Sateikyte, MSc, BACP, Counsellor
Indre Sateikyte
Counsellor, MSc, BACP
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello, my name is Indre and I am a qualified counsellor in advanced training in psychotherapy. I work short-term or long-term depending on an individual's needs. As a Transactional Analysis psychotherapist, my goal is to provide a safe, non-judgmental space for clients to explore and understand their experiences, emotions, and behaviors. I believe that our relationships with ourselves and others play a crucial role in our mental and emotional wellbeing. In my work with clients, I emphasize a relational approach, which means that I view therapy as a collaborative process where we work together to gain insight and understanding.
Hello, my name is Indre and I am a qualified counsellor in advanced training in psychotherapy. I work short-term or long-term depending on an individual's needs. As a Transactional Analysis psychotherapist, my goal is to provide a safe, non-judgmental space for clients to explore and understand their experiences, emotions, and behaviors. I believe that our relationships with ourselves and others play a crucial role in our mental and emotional wellbeing. In my work with clients, I emphasize a relational approach, which means that I view therapy as a collaborative process where we work together to gain insight and understanding.
020 4538 0692 View 020 4538 0692
Photo of Dr Christopher Cartner, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Christopher Cartner
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I am a gay therapist, providing a safe non-judgemental space for those of all sexualities. I have a background in both the NHS and private sector. I have worked with people experiencing depression, stress, anxiety, trauma and concerns with sexuality and sexual health. I have worked with those who have experienced trauma across the lifespan, meaning I have worked with people who have experienced trauma, and traumatic incidences, in both adult life and childhood. I specialise in sexuality, chemsex, trauma, sexual health and LGBT+ affirmative therapy. More details of my work experience can be found on my website.
I am a gay therapist, providing a safe non-judgemental space for those of all sexualities. I have a background in both the NHS and private sector. I have worked with people experiencing depression, stress, anxiety, trauma and concerns with sexuality and sexual health. I have worked with those who have experienced trauma across the lifespan, meaning I have worked with people who have experienced trauma, and traumatic incidences, in both adult life and childhood. I specialise in sexuality, chemsex, trauma, sexual health and LGBT+ affirmative therapy. More details of my work experience can be found on my website.
020 3872 2472 View 020 3872 2472
Photo of Thoraya Alkasab, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Thoraya Alkasab
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Online Only
I have trained in psychoanalytic & psychodynamic, humanistic, & existential psychotherapy, & it is from this broad base that I seek to understand how you are in the world, & how you deal with life & its key issues. I will attend to what you bring to therapy from your unique perspective, helping you to explore the difficulties in your life in the light of present & past experiences, relationship dynamics, life choices, etc.
I have trained in psychoanalytic & psychodynamic, humanistic, & existential psychotherapy, & it is from this broad base that I seek to understand how you are in the world, & how you deal with life & its key issues. I will attend to what you bring to therapy from your unique perspective, helping you to explore the difficulties in your life in the light of present & past experiences, relationship dynamics, life choices, etc.
01748 901745 View 01748 901745
Photo of Letizia De Mori, CPsychol, Psychologist
Letizia De Mori
Psychologist, CPsychol
Verified Verified
Dr. Letizia De Mori is a Psychologist, Neuropsychologist, Researcher, and Superior Cognitive Function Rehabilitator. Her expertise is to test with Assessments for Learning Disability and DIfficulty; Spectrum Autism Disorder; Personality; Psychological Expertise for Psychological Damage. Cognitive rehabilitation is programmed for Brain Injuries (such as Ictus or cerebral haemorrhage and for rehabilitation for Learning Disabilities/Difficulties and ADHD).
Dr. Letizia De Mori is a Psychologist, Neuropsychologist, Researcher, and Superior Cognitive Function Rehabilitator. Her expertise is to test with Assessments for Learning Disability and DIfficulty; Spectrum Autism Disorder; Personality; Psychological Expertise for Psychological Damage. Cognitive rehabilitation is programmed for Brain Injuries (such as Ictus or cerebral haemorrhage and for rehabilitation for Learning Disabilities/Difficulties and ADHD).
020 3974 2694 View 020 3974 2694
Photo of Alejandra Lozada Andrade, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Alejandra Lozada Andrade
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I am an integrative psychotherapist with experience in relational psychoanalysis. My aim is to help individuals understand the root causes of their difficulties to transform their lives in meaningful ways. I work with clients on a wide range of issues, including: dealing with anxiety and/or depression, difficulties with pregnancy, postpartum depression, pregnancy loss, abuse (past and/or present), addiction, bereavement, and trauma, among other concerns. I appreciate how past experiences can impact present relationships and contribute to feelings of low mood, anxiety and disconnection.
I am an integrative psychotherapist with experience in relational psychoanalysis. My aim is to help individuals understand the root causes of their difficulties to transform their lives in meaningful ways. I work with clients on a wide range of issues, including: dealing with anxiety and/or depression, difficulties with pregnancy, postpartum depression, pregnancy loss, abuse (past and/or present), addiction, bereavement, and trauma, among other concerns. I appreciate how past experiences can impact present relationships and contribute to feelings of low mood, anxiety and disconnection.
020 4538 8960 View 020 4538 8960
Photo of Philip Walker, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Philip Walker
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
I am an accredited psychotherapist and counsellor who works is based in the Kensington, Nottinghill area of central / west London. I meet and talk with people who, maybe like you, want to change how they feel. There may be something specific that you are aware of (depression, anxiety, bereavement), but often the specifics of the difficulty might not be apparent, but the unhappiness is. My work with my clients is about surfacing what's going and helping clients process their feelings to reach a happier, more settled place. I am Certified by the European Association of Psychotherapy and have been DBS checked and cleared.
I am an accredited psychotherapist and counsellor who works is based in the Kensington, Nottinghill area of central / west London. I meet and talk with people who, maybe like you, want to change how they feel. There may be something specific that you are aware of (depression, anxiety, bereavement), but often the specifics of the difficulty might not be apparent, but the unhappiness is. My work with my clients is about surfacing what's going and helping clients process their feelings to reach a happier, more settled place. I am Certified by the European Association of Psychotherapy and have been DBS checked and cleared.
01375 807150 View 01375 807150
Photo of Lee Martin Mbacp(Sen Accred) Emdr(Accred) Ma Ba(Hons) Pg-Dip, MA, MBACP Snr. Accred, Psychotherapist
Lee Martin Mbacp(Sen Accred) Emdr(Accred) Ma Ba(Hons) Pg-Dip
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Snr. Accred
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello and Welcome, Life can indeed be difficult at times. Many are struggling with mental health in ways that are no longer manageable. Our past and present hurts, our unprocessed feelings can rise to the surface. We find ourselves thinking, feeling and acting in ways that do not reflect who we want to be. Some of us have Grief, Trauma or Addiction that we just can’t seem to work through. As a Senior Accredited Psychotherapist with a Master Degree and EMDR qualified, I've seen thousands come through my door, with various presenting issues and undergo genuine transformation, healing and leave with hope for the future.
Hello and Welcome, Life can indeed be difficult at times. Many are struggling with mental health in ways that are no longer manageable. Our past and present hurts, our unprocessed feelings can rise to the surface. We find ourselves thinking, feeling and acting in ways that do not reflect who we want to be. Some of us have Grief, Trauma or Addiction that we just can’t seem to work through. As a Senior Accredited Psychotherapist with a Master Degree and EMDR qualified, I've seen thousands come through my door, with various presenting issues and undergo genuine transformation, healing and leave with hope for the future.
020 4538 6792 View 020 4538 6792
Photo of Temi Towry-Coker - Brick Lane counselling, MA, MBACP Snr. Accred, Psychotherapist
Brick Lane counselling
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Snr. Accred
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a BACP accredited psychotherapist, counsellor and clinical supervisor with experience counselling people with a wide range of emotional and mental health issues in various settings in the public sector, sexual health organisations and psychiatric units. My main specialities are sexual health, sexual identity, gender issues and depression. I work primarily via Skype.
I am a BACP accredited psychotherapist, counsellor and clinical supervisor with experience counselling people with a wide range of emotional and mental health issues in various settings in the public sector, sexual health organisations and psychiatric units. My main specialities are sexual health, sexual identity, gender issues and depression. I work primarily via Skype.
020 3962 2061 View 020 3962 2061
Photo of Alexander Morriss, MA, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Alexander Morriss
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
I believe that we all have a deep need to be understood; the feeling that another human being gets it. For some of us, that feeling is all too rare. Without it, our lives can become deeply unfulfilling, painful and hard, and we can feel let down by others, hurt and alone.  Sometimes we don't even understand for ourselves why things are so difficult.  Perhaps we've become trapped by events of the past, or can’t imagine a new future because the present is so intolerable. Faced with this, we can turn to ways of being that, although they helped initially perhaps, over time just made things worse.
I believe that we all have a deep need to be understood; the feeling that another human being gets it. For some of us, that feeling is all too rare. Without it, our lives can become deeply unfulfilling, painful and hard, and we can feel let down by others, hurt and alone.  Sometimes we don't even understand for ourselves why things are so difficult.  Perhaps we've become trapped by events of the past, or can’t imagine a new future because the present is so intolerable. Faced with this, we can turn to ways of being that, although they helped initially perhaps, over time just made things worse.
020 3389 5272 View 020 3389 5272
Photo of Sara Tookey, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Sara Tookey
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Online Only
I'm a warm and experienced psychologist with over 18 years of practice in the UK and abroad. Weather you're looking for support to improve your mental health, well-being or to get you un-stuck so you can start living the life you want and deserve, my individual, specialised and compassionate therapy and assessment can help. I work with people from all walks of life, including those who experience life a little bit differently. I support people navigating challenges of living, including with identity and relationships so they can live a more satisfying and meaningful life.
I'm a warm and experienced psychologist with over 18 years of practice in the UK and abroad. Weather you're looking for support to improve your mental health, well-being or to get you un-stuck so you can start living the life you want and deserve, my individual, specialised and compassionate therapy and assessment can help. I work with people from all walks of life, including those who experience life a little bit differently. I support people navigating challenges of living, including with identity and relationships so they can live a more satisfying and meaningful life.
020 4538 9363 View 020 4538 9363
Photo of Fiona Grunschlag, MSc, CPsychol, Psychologist
Fiona Grunschlag
Psychologist, MSc, CPsychol
Verified Verified
Online Only
Overwhelmed? Stuck? Procrastinating? Trouble with organisation, planning and prioritising. Struggling to get things done? Difficulty with time management? These are some ways in which ADHD manifests. It is often accompanied with other conditions such as anxiety, low self-esteem, and feelings of shame and blame. Additionally, unhelpful coping strategies may follow.
Overwhelmed? Stuck? Procrastinating? Trouble with organisation, planning and prioritising. Struggling to get things done? Difficulty with time management? These are some ways in which ADHD manifests. It is often accompanied with other conditions such as anxiety, low self-esteem, and feelings of shame and blame. Additionally, unhelpful coping strategies may follow.
020 3962 2181 View 020 3962 2181
Photo of Chandrayee Basu, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Chandrayee Basu
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
I am a person who believes that our capacity to embrace the ups and downs of life is our greatest strength. Adversity can be a brilliant teacher if we are willing to learn and consequently, change. My objective is to help you find your own voice, recognise your greatest strengths and empower you to live a fulfilling life. I am confident that by working together we will make sense of your fears, whether you are struggling with debilitating anxiety, or you feel isolated from your friends and family. It is important that you know that paths exist that can help you to move ahead.
I am a person who believes that our capacity to embrace the ups and downs of life is our greatest strength. Adversity can be a brilliant teacher if we are willing to learn and consequently, change. My objective is to help you find your own voice, recognise your greatest strengths and empower you to live a fulfilling life. I am confident that by working together we will make sense of your fears, whether you are struggling with debilitating anxiety, or you feel isolated from your friends and family. It is important that you know that paths exist that can help you to move ahead.
020 4524 5596 View 020 4524 5596
Photo of Serena Fianco, MA, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Serena Fianco
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
My approach to therapy is existential-phenomenological, but my training is integrative and I draw on psychodynamic and person-centred models of therapy as well as CBT whenever I feel they may be helpful to my clients. I gained my MA in Psychotherapy at Regent’s University’s School of Psychotherapy & Counselling Psychology in London where I wrote a dissertation on the experience of regret as a catalyst for change. I have and Advanced Diploma in Existential Psychotherapy and existential philosophy tends to influence the way I look at the world. I am bilingual and practice in English and Italian.
My approach to therapy is existential-phenomenological, but my training is integrative and I draw on psychodynamic and person-centred models of therapy as well as CBT whenever I feel they may be helpful to my clients. I gained my MA in Psychotherapy at Regent’s University’s School of Psychotherapy & Counselling Psychology in London where I wrote a dissertation on the experience of regret as a catalyst for change. I have and Advanced Diploma in Existential Psychotherapy and existential philosophy tends to influence the way I look at the world. I am bilingual and practice in English and Italian.
020 8106 2119 View 020 8106 2119

See more therapy options for W8

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in W8

100+

Average cost per session

£80

Counsellors in W8 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
88% Depression
88% Self Esteem
85% Stress
78% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
59% Bereavement

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Aviva
57% AXA PPP
54% Vitality

How Counsellors in W8 see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
25% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in W8?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.