Counselling in TN12

Nikki Whitehead
Counsellor, BACP
2 Endorsed
Tonbridge TN12
Have you reached a point in life where you feel invisible, or unsure of your place in the world? Perhaps your children have grown up, your career has shifted, or relationships have changed, leaving you questioning your purpose and where you fit in now. Do you have older relatives who you are responsible for, or has someone you love died and you're struggling with grief? If so, you’re not alone – and you don’t need to navigate this chapter by yourself.
Have you reached a point in life where you feel invisible, or unsure of your place in the world? Perhaps your children have grown up, your career has shifted, or relationships have changed, leaving you questioning your purpose and where you fit in now. Do you have older relatives who you are responsible for, or has someone you love died and you're struggling with grief? If so, you’re not alone – and you don’t need to navigate this chapter by yourself.
01732 900158 View 01732 900158
Louise Malyan
Counsellor, MBACP
Tonbridge TN12
I didn't become a counsellor because life was easy. I became a counsellor through my own journey with addiction, trauma, ADHD, and never feeling good enough. I know what it’s like to live in fear, hate yourself, to feel angry, sad, lost and overwhelmed. Therapy only started to work when I found someone who really got me—no judgment, just real connection. Now I offer that space to others. I’m down-to-earth, honest, and I do things differently. I am passionate about my job and am very real. If life feels too much, you don’t have to face it alone. I’m here to walk alongside you as you find your way back to yourself, heal and grow.
I didn't become a counsellor because life was easy. I became a counsellor through my own journey with addiction, trauma, ADHD, and never feeling good enough. I know what it’s like to live in fear, hate yourself, to feel angry, sad, lost and overwhelmed. Therapy only started to work when I found someone who really got me—no judgment, just real connection. Now I offer that space to others. I’m down-to-earth, honest, and I do things differently. I am passionate about my job and am very real. If life feels too much, you don’t have to face it alone. I’m here to walk alongside you as you find your way back to yourself, heal and grow.
01892 362986 View 01892 362986
Dominika Chalder
Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
4 Endorsed
Tonbridge TN12
I specialise in helping adults with trauma and neurodivergent experiences. You may struggle with ADHD-like traits, attachment wounds, anxiety, depression, overwhelming emotions, attention and organisation without knowing why. My focus is on restoring a sense of balance and identity, enhancing confidence and promoting healthy coping mechanisms. My clients seek clarity amidst chaos, aiming to process trauma, transforming unhelpful patterns and reclaiming peace and purpose. Together, we can make sense of what is happening, build ways to manage what feels difficult and work towards greater self-understanding and freedom to be yourself.
I specialise in helping adults with trauma and neurodivergent experiences. You may struggle with ADHD-like traits, attachment wounds, anxiety, depression, overwhelming emotions, attention and organisation without knowing why. My focus is on restoring a sense of balance and identity, enhancing confidence and promoting healthy coping mechanisms. My clients seek clarity amidst chaos, aiming to process trauma, transforming unhelpful patterns and reclaiming peace and purpose. Together, we can make sense of what is happening, build ways to manage what feels difficult and work towards greater self-understanding and freedom to be yourself.
01580 234669 View 01580 234669
I am an experienced and highly professional Integrative Psychotherapist with a First-Class BSc (Hons) Psychology and Counselling, I have over 10 years of psychotherapy experience working in the NHS, the Private Sector at The Priory, in Education, at the Mental Health Charity Mind, in the Corporate Sector and now in Private Practice. This means I have a broad understanding of the mental healthcare landscape, which will significantly benefit you, as I have developed a comprehensive 'toolkit' that I can draw upon to help you better understand yourself, feel less overwhelmed by your problems and feel truly great, not just OK.
I am an experienced and highly professional Integrative Psychotherapist with a First-Class BSc (Hons) Psychology and Counselling, I have over 10 years of psychotherapy experience working in the NHS, the Private Sector at The Priory, in Education, at the Mental Health Charity Mind, in the Corporate Sector and now in Private Practice. This means I have a broad understanding of the mental healthcare landscape, which will significantly benefit you, as I have developed a comprehensive 'toolkit' that I can draw upon to help you better understand yourself, feel less overwhelmed by your problems and feel truly great, not just OK.
01622 831341 View 01622 831341
The Goddard Clinic
Psychotherapist, PhD, MBABCP
Tonbridge TN12
I have over 15 years experience in providing psychotherapy for problems including depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties, trauma, eating disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, panic, phobias and problems related to autism. Although I primarily use Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in my work, I also draw on a variety of other therapy approaches so that I can tailor my therapy to your individual needs. I work privately with individuals and couples and I am also experienced at working with children from the age of 13 years.
I have over 15 years experience in providing psychotherapy for problems including depression, anxiety, relationship difficulties, trauma, eating disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, panic, phobias and problems related to autism. Although I primarily use Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in my work, I also draw on a variety of other therapy approaches so that I can tailor my therapy to your individual needs. I work privately with individuals and couples and I am also experienced at working with children from the age of 13 years.
01732 496755 View 01732 496755
Louise Shepherd
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Hello, I'm Louise and if you are here then you may be considering counselling and taking that first step towards finding support for yourself, often the hardest step of all. Whatever is happening for you, my aim is to offer you a calm and confidential space where you can talk freely and be heard, without judgement or pressure. We will move at a pace that suits you, whether through a targeted, solution-focused approach or a more reflective exploration of your experiences. We will explore whichever approach works best for you and my role will be to walk along with you as we talk through the issues that matter to you the most.
Hello, I'm Louise and if you are here then you may be considering counselling and taking that first step towards finding support for yourself, often the hardest step of all. Whatever is happening for you, my aim is to offer you a calm and confidential space where you can talk freely and be heard, without judgement or pressure. We will move at a pace that suits you, whether through a targeted, solution-focused approach or a more reflective exploration of your experiences. We will explore whichever approach works best for you and my role will be to walk along with you as we talk through the issues that matter to you the most.
07858 944273 View 07858 944273
Nick Moon
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Tonbridge TN12
I offer you empathy, compassionate and a non-judgemental approach where we can build trust to explore whatever you're facing. I have experience of developing and maintaining strong and trusting relationships with people from a range of different backgrounds, cultures and experiences, supporting them with a wide range of issues. I have a particular interest in loss, grief and bereavement; men's issues; family, marriage and relationship concerns; anxiety and depression; going through transitional stages; ageing; and sexual and emotional abuse.
I offer you empathy, compassionate and a non-judgemental approach where we can build trust to explore whatever you're facing. I have experience of developing and maintaining strong and trusting relationships with people from a range of different backgrounds, cultures and experiences, supporting them with a wide range of issues. I have a particular interest in loss, grief and bereavement; men's issues; family, marriage and relationship concerns; anxiety and depression; going through transitional stages; ageing; and sexual and emotional abuse.
01892 362323 View 01892 362323
sara ramlot counselling service
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
I am a MBACP & NCPS registered person centred counsellor. I offer support to adults and young people. My aim is for you to have a safe non judgmental space to enable you to explore emotions & thoughts that maybe causing you some discomfort or distress. Many can find the initial contact very difficult. I offer a free 15 minute telephone chat to help ease the anxiety you may experience on our first meeting. If you email me please do check your junk for my response. My areas of work are anything that you are struggling with that has an impact on you. Anxiety Addiction recovery Depression Low mood/self esteem Relationships
I am a MBACP & NCPS registered person centred counsellor. I offer support to adults and young people. My aim is for you to have a safe non judgmental space to enable you to explore emotions & thoughts that maybe causing you some discomfort or distress. Many can find the initial contact very difficult. I offer a free 15 minute telephone chat to help ease the anxiety you may experience on our first meeting. If you email me please do check your junk for my response. My areas of work are anything that you are struggling with that has an impact on you. Anxiety Addiction recovery Depression Low mood/self esteem Relationships
01892 362294 View 01892 362294
Donald Deakin
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Tonbridge TN12
Hi there, I work with clients seeking understanding and resolution in the areas of anxiety, relational issues, addiction, motivation, negative repetitive cycles, eating disorder, work related stress, affairs and betrayal, low mood and loneliness. Therapy with me will offer a unique relationship where you can better understand the root causes of your issues emotionally and behaviorally. With better understanding we can then work towards appropriate solution.
Hi there, I work with clients seeking understanding and resolution in the areas of anxiety, relational issues, addiction, motivation, negative repetitive cycles, eating disorder, work related stress, affairs and betrayal, low mood and loneliness. Therapy with me will offer a unique relationship where you can better understand the root causes of your issues emotionally and behaviorally. With better understanding we can then work towards appropriate solution.
020 4652 0866 View 020 4652 0866
Helena Prentice
Counsellor, MBACP
Tonbridge TN12
Hello, my name is Helena Prentice (Dip.Psych.Couns.MBACP) and I am a qualified Psychotherapist and Counsellor and a member of the BACP (British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy). I am insured and hold an up-to-date Disclosure and Barring Service Certificate. Prior to running my private practice, Enlightened Minds Therapy, I worked within an NHS setting providing therapy to adults and children. I have worked within a cancer care support centre, helping those bereaved, going through treatment and the terminally ill and I have also provided voluntary support within a substance abuse residential rehabilitation facility,
Hello, my name is Helena Prentice (Dip.Psych.Couns.MBACP) and I am a qualified Psychotherapist and Counsellor and a member of the BACP (British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy). I am insured and hold an up-to-date Disclosure and Barring Service Certificate. Prior to running my private practice, Enlightened Minds Therapy, I worked within an NHS setting providing therapy to adults and children. I have worked within a cancer care support centre, helping those bereaved, going through treatment and the terminally ill and I have also provided voluntary support within a substance abuse residential rehabilitation facility,
01892 351026 View 01892 351026
Louise Riedl
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Hello, I’m Louise, a fully qualified, BACP-registered counsellor based in Kent. If you’re here, you may be considering counselling - often the hardest first step. You might feel overwhelmed, anxious, or stuck, perhaps coping on the outside but struggling within, or feeling unsure of yourself or your direction. I offer a warm, calm, confidential space where you can talk openly without judgement. I work both online across the UK and in person in Kings Hill. We’ll work at your pace, using an approach tailored to you, helping you make sense of your experiences, build self-awareness, and find a more balanced, manageable way forward.
Hello, I’m Louise, a fully qualified, BACP-registered counsellor based in Kent. If you’re here, you may be considering counselling - often the hardest first step. You might feel overwhelmed, anxious, or stuck, perhaps coping on the outside but struggling within, or feeling unsure of yourself or your direction. I offer a warm, calm, confidential space where you can talk openly without judgement. I work both online across the UK and in person in Kings Hill. We’ll work at your pace, using an approach tailored to you, helping you make sense of your experiences, build self-awareness, and find a more balanced, manageable way forward.
01732 446135 View 01732 446135
Gillian Mae Arthur
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
Hello and welcome. I am here to offer you empathic support in a confidential, safe space where we can explore whatever it is you would like to change. I believe we all have the capacity to grow and become the best version of ourselves, and I will always seek to provide you with caring and compassionate support while, together, we look to explore and resolve any difficulties you might be facing. I support clients with a range of issues such as anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and relationship difficulties, and I also specialise in trauma-focused therapy for adults who have experienced adverse events in childhood.
Hello and welcome. I am here to offer you empathic support in a confidential, safe space where we can explore whatever it is you would like to change. I believe we all have the capacity to grow and become the best version of ourselves, and I will always seek to provide you with caring and compassionate support while, together, we look to explore and resolve any difficulties you might be facing. I support clients with a range of issues such as anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and relationship difficulties, and I also specialise in trauma-focused therapy for adults who have experienced adverse events in childhood.
01892 571814 View 01892 571814
Lisa Hounslow
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
As a woman, do you put other people's needs above your own and find it difficult to say no? Maybe it's hard to say how you really feel or to ask for what you need? Do you find being nice all the time and avoiding upsetting anyone could be taking it’s toll, especially when you already feel stressed and overwhelmed by the many roles and relationships in your life? I wonder what life would look like if you felt calmer and more confident in yourself? How would it change your personal relationships and your life in general? What would it feel like to be able to voice what it is you want? It's certainly challenging being a woman today.
As a woman, do you put other people's needs above your own and find it difficult to say no? Maybe it's hard to say how you really feel or to ask for what you need? Do you find being nice all the time and avoiding upsetting anyone could be taking it’s toll, especially when you already feel stressed and overwhelmed by the many roles and relationships in your life? I wonder what life would look like if you felt calmer and more confident in yourself? How would it change your personal relationships and your life in general? What would it feel like to be able to voice what it is you want? It's certainly challenging being a woman today.
01732 904054 View 01732 904054
Devon McDonald
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Serves Area
If you are suffering from symptoms related to PTSD or complex PTSD, EMDR therapy can help to alleviate your symptoms. Clients working with me using EMDR have found that their symptoms such as flashbacks and/or being unable to go to certain places can be alleviated or reduced to the point where they are manageable. This work is supported with self help techniques to manage new anxieties as and when they may present themselves, but from a new and more adaptive perspective. I also offer the Safe and Sound Protocol alongside therapy sessions for those clients who wish to work in a polyvagal informed way.
If you are suffering from symptoms related to PTSD or complex PTSD, EMDR therapy can help to alleviate your symptoms. Clients working with me using EMDR have found that their symptoms such as flashbacks and/or being unable to go to certain places can be alleviated or reduced to the point where they are manageable. This work is supported with self help techniques to manage new anxieties as and when they may present themselves, but from a new and more adaptive perspective. I also offer the Safe and Sound Protocol alongside therapy sessions for those clients who wish to work in a polyvagal informed way.
01732 902012 View 01732 902012
Richard Bamford Therapy
Psychotherapist, BACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hello! I'm Richard. You may have arrived here as you may be experiencing some distress or navigating a specific struggle and are hoping to find some clarity in what’s going on for you. We all experience difficulties occasionally and life can be challenging sometimes. Finding a therapist that is right for you is key, particularly because mutually nourishing relationships with others are essential for your emotional wellbeing. It is normal and healthy to seek support because we don’t have to face any issue alone. It’s okay to want to find the missing piece of your puzzle.
Hello! I'm Richard. You may have arrived here as you may be experiencing some distress or navigating a specific struggle and are hoping to find some clarity in what’s going on for you. We all experience difficulties occasionally and life can be challenging sometimes. Finding a therapist that is right for you is key, particularly because mutually nourishing relationships with others are essential for your emotional wellbeing. It is normal and healthy to seek support because we don’t have to face any issue alone. It’s okay to want to find the missing piece of your puzzle.
01892 800702 View 01892 800702
Manuela Meilak
Psychotherapist
Serves Area
Welcome to my practice. You may have arrived here through a stressful and painful journey. Maybe your life feels constricted, confined to the 'outside' looking into 'normality'. Maybe spaces around you - physical, social and cultural surroundings, family, work, education - seem unwelcoming or hostile. Maybe you feel exhausted by trying to protect your right to a space in life. Clients contact me for many reasons: anxiety/stress with physical symptoms, past adverse experiences, rape, abuse, anger, loneliness, disturbing dreams or intruding images, life threatening or chronic health conditions, life-long disabilities, life crisis.
Welcome to my practice. You may have arrived here through a stressful and painful journey. Maybe your life feels constricted, confined to the 'outside' looking into 'normality'. Maybe spaces around you - physical, social and cultural surroundings, family, work, education - seem unwelcoming or hostile. Maybe you feel exhausted by trying to protect your right to a space in life. Clients contact me for many reasons: anxiety/stress with physical symptoms, past adverse experiences, rape, abuse, anger, loneliness, disturbing dreams or intruding images, life threatening or chronic health conditions, life-long disabilities, life crisis.
01580 230311 View 01580 230311
Ash Dunkley
Counsellor, MBACP
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Hello, my name is Ash. I am a qualified counsellor, working one to one with clients at my office in the heart of Cranbrook. My approach and training is integrative, which means the kind of therapy I offer draws from a variety of different theoretical approaches. Every therapeutic relationship is unique, and your preferences to how we work are key. My aim is to offer you an opportunity to explore what you need in a safe and contained space, without judgement. However, I am not a ‘nodding dog’ or ‘blank screen’ type of therapist. I will work hard alongside you, to be an active partner in this process.
Hello, my name is Ash. I am a qualified counsellor, working one to one with clients at my office in the heart of Cranbrook. My approach and training is integrative, which means the kind of therapy I offer draws from a variety of different theoretical approaches. Every therapeutic relationship is unique, and your preferences to how we work are key. My aim is to offer you an opportunity to explore what you need in a safe and contained space, without judgement. However, I am not a ‘nodding dog’ or ‘blank screen’ type of therapist. I will work hard alongside you, to be an active partner in this process.
01580 234726 View 01580 234726
Catherine Noel
Counsellor, MBACP
Serves Area
I understand how overwhelming it is, trying to find the right support, when you are already struggling. I may be a good fit for you if you are experiencing any of the following: Intrusive thoughts, battling conflicting demands or feeling overwhelmed with unsettling emotions. Maybe you find yourself in a career or a relationship crisis and you don’t know what to do for the best. Or perhaps you feel embarrassed or ashamed for struggling, maybe telling yourself that you should be able to cope? I work with clients who are overwhelmed with feelings of anxiety or low mood. Please read on to find out how I can help.
I understand how overwhelming it is, trying to find the right support, when you are already struggling. I may be a good fit for you if you are experiencing any of the following: Intrusive thoughts, battling conflicting demands or feeling overwhelmed with unsettling emotions. Maybe you find yourself in a career or a relationship crisis and you don’t know what to do for the best. Or perhaps you feel embarrassed or ashamed for struggling, maybe telling yourself that you should be able to cope? I work with clients who are overwhelmed with feelings of anxiety or low mood. Please read on to find out how I can help.
01892 352855 View 01892 352855
Jonathan Smith
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Serves Area
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, stress or relationships? Perhaps you feel overwhelmed by your emotions, disconnected from yourself, or caught in patterns you don't understand. You may have spent years believing something is "wrong" with you or trying to push painful experiences aside. I believe our difficulties make sense when we understand our story. Together, we'll explore your experiences with curiosity, compassion and care, helping you understand yourself differently. Often, we discover there is nothing "wrong" with you - your mind and body are responding to what you have lived through.
Do you struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, stress or relationships? Perhaps you feel overwhelmed by your emotions, disconnected from yourself, or caught in patterns you don't understand. You may have spent years believing something is "wrong" with you or trying to push painful experiences aside. I believe our difficulties make sense when we understand our story. Together, we'll explore your experiences with curiosity, compassion and care, helping you understand yourself differently. Often, we discover there is nothing "wrong" with you - your mind and body are responding to what you have lived through.
01622 232950 View 01622 232950
Karen Lambert
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Serves Area
Qualified counsellor and trainee supervisor (offered low-cost supervision in person and online while training). Over the years, this is what I have heard from many of my clients: - they want to feel less anxious - they want to worry less about what people think about them - they want to improve their relationships - they want to feel comfortable saying no - they want to talk through their grief so they can enjoy life again - they want to work out why they feel so angry - they want to cope with life better.
Qualified counsellor and trainee supervisor (offered low-cost supervision in person and online while training). Over the years, this is what I have heard from many of my clients: - they want to feel less anxious - they want to worry less about what people think about them - they want to improve their relationships - they want to feel comfortable saying no - they want to talk through their grief so they can enjoy life again - they want to work out why they feel so angry - they want to cope with life better.
01622 397086 View 01622 397086

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in TN12

20+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in TN12 who prioritize treating:

91% Depression
91% Anxiety
91% Self Esteem
83% Relationship Issues
83% Stress
78% Bereavement
74% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

50% Cigna and Evernorth
50% Aviva
50% WPA

How Counsellors in TN12 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

77% Female
18% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in TN12?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.